(Tibetan version of the name) or Everest or Sagarmatha - the highest mountain of the world. The height of the roof of the world is 8848 meters. Those who do not know , Let's say that in the Range Mahalangur-Himal in Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and China (Tibetan Autonomous District). However, the peak itself lies in China.

Jomolungma Mountain - the highest peak of the world

Jomolungma has the shape of a trothed pyramid, the southern slope is sharper. From the array in all directions, glaciers flow up at an altitude of about 5 km. Partially part of the Nepalese Sagramatha National Park.
At the top of Jomolungma there are strongest winds, at a speed of up to 200 km / h. The air temperature at night decreases to - 60 °.

Coordinates of Jomolungma: 27 ° 59'23 "N 86 ° 55'37" E.

Video with Everest

Mount Jomolungma: etymology name

Translated from the Tibetan "Jomolungma" means "Divine (Qomo) Mother (MA) of Life (Lung - Wind or Life Strength)", named after the Bon Goddess Sherac Zhambama.

Translated from Nepalese the name of the vertex "Sagramatha" means "Mother of God".

English name that got Jomolungma - Everest (Mount Everest) is assigned to Sir George Everest, head of the Geodesic Service of British India in 1830-1843. This name was suggested in 1856 the successor of George Everest Andrew in, at the same time with the publication of the results of his employee Radhanat Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of the "Peak XV" and showed that he was the highest world around.

Jomolungma Mountain: History History

The first ascent to Jomolungma was committed on May 29, 1953 by Sherpe Tenzing Northeye and New Zealander Edmund Hillary through the southern saddle. They used oxygen appliances.

In the following years, climbers from different countries of the world joined the Mountain, China, USA, India, Japan, Italy.

In the spring of 1975 Jomolungma, photo Which look next, first storming the female expedition. The first woman who conquered Jomolungma was the Japanese climbing of Dzünko Tabay (1976). The first polls and the first european, rising to the top, was Wanda Rutkevich (1978). Ekaterina Ivanova (1990) became the first Russian woman who has reached the vertex (1990).

In May 1982, 11 participants in the Soviet expedition of the climbers conquered Everest, climbed by the previously impaired south-western slope, and 2 climbs were committed at night. Before that, none of the climbers who were part of the expedition did not rise above 7.6 km.

In subsequent years, again on the classical path of the inverents, the climbers of the UK, Nepal, South Korea, Austria and other countries rose to Everest.

As a rule, conquers climbers in oxygen masks. At an altitude of 8 km, the air is resolved, and it is very difficult to breathe. The first without oxygen reached the vertices Italian Reynchold Messen and German Peter Habel in 1978.

Flying over the top

In 2001, a married couple from France, Bertrand and Claire Bernier, flew down the top on the tablet-tandem.

In May 2004, Italian Angelo d'Arrigo for the first time in the history of the aeronautics made a flight at Deltaplane over the top of the highest mountain of the world.

On May 14, 2005, the Testier pilot Didier Dalsal successfully planted the Eurocopter AS 350 Ecureuil helicopter to the top of the mountain. It was the first case of a similar landing.

In 2008, 3 parachutists landed on top, jumped off the aircraft flying at an altitude of just less than 9 km (142 m above the top of the top point of the mountain).

Ski descents on jomolungma

The first attempt to descend from the top through the mountain ski was undertaken in 1969 by the Japanese Miura. It ended not as he planned; Miura almost fell into the abyss, but miraculously managed to escape and stayed alive.

In 1992, a skier went down on the slope of Everest on skis, the Frenchman Pierre Tardowel. He came from the southern vertex, located at an altitude of 8571 m, and overcame 3 km in 3 hours.

After 4 years, the Italian skier Hans Kammerlander descended from a height of 6400 m along the northern slope.

In 1998, the Frenchman Kiril Desho made the first descent from the top on the snowboard.

In 2000, Slovenian Dava Carnichar came from Jomolungma on skiing.

Jomolungma - climbing at present

Since the first climb to the top until 2011, more than 200 people died on its slopes. The bodies of the fallen often remain on the slopes of the mountain due to the difficulties associated with their evacuation. Some of them serve as a landmark for climbers. The most frequent causes of death are: lack of oxygen, heart failure, frostbite, gathering avalanche.

Even the most expensive and modern equipment does not always guarantee a successful ascent to the highest peak of the world. Nevertheless, every year Jomolungma is trying to conquer on average about 500 people. In total by the end of 2010, approximately 3150 climbers rose on the mountain.

The rise at the top takes about 2 months - with acclimatization and installation of camps. Loss of mass after climbing - an average of 10-15 kg. The main season of climbing on the top is spring and autumn, since there are no monsoons at that time. Spring is considered the most suitable season for climbing on the southern and northern slopes. In the fall, you can only rise from the south.

Currently, a significant part of the ascent is organized by specialized firms and is carried out as part of commercial groups. Customers of these firms pay the services of guides that conduct the necessary training provide equipment and, as far as possible, ensure safety throughout the path.

The cost of the type "All Inclusive" (Equipment, Transport, Guides, Porters, and TP) averages from 40 to 80 thousand US dollars, and one only permission to climb, issued by the Government of Nepal, costs from 10 to 25 thousand dollars per person (depending on the size of the group). Cheaper than just conquer Jomolungma from Tibet.

A significant part of travelers reaching the vertices currently make up rich tourists with minimal climbing experience.

According to experts, the success of the expedition directly depends on the weather and equipment of travelers. The ascent to the highest peak of the world continues to be a serious test for everyone, regardless of the degree of its preparation.

Acclimatization plays a significant role before the entrepreneur on Everest. A typical expedition from the south side spends up to two weeks to rise from Kathmandu to the base camp at an altitude of 5364 m, and about a month goes to the acclimatization to height, before the first attempt to climb to the top is performed.

The most difficult seduction site for Everest is the last 300 m, nicknamed by the mountains on the mountain of "the longest mile on earth." For the successful passage of this site, the coolest smooth stone slope is required to overcome, covered with powder snow. No less complex is conquered by the conquest, called the murderer. But, on the contrary, it is recognized as the easiest of the eight-thousandnesses of the Earth.

Jomolungma and Ecology

The number of tourists who visited the mountain (not a vertex) from Nepal and Tibet over the past ten years, was calculated by hundreds of thousands. The volume of garbage that accumulated on the slopes of the mountain is so great that Everest is called the "highest landfill in the world."

According to the calculations of the environmentalists, after tourists there is an average of 3 kg of garbage on each.

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Coordinates: 27.988056 , 86.925278  /  (G) First climb: May 29, Tencing Norta and Edmund Hillary

Etymology

"Jomolungma" - translated from Tibetan means "Divine". Nepalese name Jomolungma - "Sagarmatha" - means "Mother of the Gods".

English name "Everest" (eng. Mount Everest.) Awarded in honor of Sir George Everest (eng. George Everest., 1790-1866), Head of the Geodesic Service of British India in 1830-1843. This name suggested in 1856 the successor to J. Everest Andrew in (English. Andrew Waugh., 1810-1878), simultaneously with the publication of the results of its employee R. Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of the "peak XV" and showed that it is the highest in the region and probably all over the world.

History of climb

Highest vertices in the Jomolungma area

The first climb was made on May 29, 1953 by Sher Tangzing Norta and New Zealander Edmund Hillary.

Until 1950, about 50 expeditions were held in Himalayas and Karakorum (Jomolungma, Chochi, Kanchenjang, Nang Parbat and other vertices). Their participants managed to conquer several seven thousandths of these mountainous regions, but no attempt to assume the vertices of eight-thousand giants did not have success. The greatest results were achieved by English climbers when trying to climb Jomolungum: in 1924, Norton reached an height of 8565 m, and George Mallory and Andrew Irwin (as N. Odelel) - more than 8600 m (there is a lot of evidence that they died already during the descent From the top, they reached the tops about the vertices, or not, continues today), in 1933 P. Win-Harris, L. Wayger and F. Smith - 8565 m.

The first "eight-thousandth", conquered man, became Annapurna I. In 1950, French climbers M. Erzog and L. Slashenal rose to her.

The victory over the first eight-year-old broke the myth of the inaccessibility of the vertex of such a height and appeared to the climbers for many countries in the desire to "not be disjected" in the commission of the eight-thousandths. Over the next five years, six giants were conquered: Jomolungma (England climbers), Nanga Parbat (Herman Boule, Austria), Choiri (Mountaineers Italy), Cho-Oyu (Mountaineers of Austria), Kanchenjang (Alpinists of England) and Makalu (France's climbers). In subsequent years, this desire has grown. Traditional expeditions of such countries with developed mountaineering, like Austria, England, Germany, France and Switzerland, were added the waters of the USA, Italy, Japan, Argentina, PRC, India, and later - Czechoslovakia, Poland, Yugoslavia, South Korea and, finally, the USSR , Russia, Kazakhstan and Ukraine.

The first woman rising to Jomolungma was the Japanese climbing Yunko Tabei (Junko Tabei;).

Literature

• Iongrhemebend Francis. Fight for Everest, Mr., Gosizdat, 1930.
• John Hunt. Climbing Everest (Zhurn Radi), 1956. (About the expedition Hillary 1953)
• Wilfrid Neus. South Saddle (Everest). M., thought, 1975
• REINHOLD MESNER. Everest: Expedition to the Ultimate (Everest: Expedition to the limit), New York / London, 1979.
• REINHOLD MESNER. Everest Solo (Eng. Edition The Crystal Horizon: Everest - The First Solo Ascent, 1980).
• Messner Reinehard. Crystal horizon, M., 1990. (On the first single climbing on Everest without oxygen and during the monsoon period).
• Everest-82. (Climbing Soviet climbers to the highest peak of the world), M, FIS, 1984.
• Everest, southwestern wall: first owls. Expedition to Everest - 8848 m., Himalayas-82 / Sost. LM Jamsay. - L. Lenzdat, 1984. - 222 p.
• Fritz Rudolph. "Jomolungma and her children", M, Raduga, 1983. (On Everest and the Good Sweet of the Himalayan vertices).
• Kononov Y. Victory over Everest (the first Soviet Expedition to Everest), Kiev, 1985.
• Kielkowski Jan, Mount Everest Massif, Explo, 2000. (Everest surroundings).

see also

Sources

Links

• Routes of enthusiasm to Everest (English), when clicking on the figure, a brief information and statistics of the route appears

Coordinates: 27 ° 59'17 "p. sh. 86 ° 55'31 "in. d. /  27.988056 ° С. sh. 86.925278 ° C. d. (G)27.988056 , 86.925278

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

You probably drew attention to such information that Everest is, in the full sense of the word, the mountain of death. Storming this height, the climber knows that he has a chance not to return. Death can cause a lack of oxygen, heart failure, frostbite or injury. The fatal random caused to death, such as a frozen oxygen cylinder valve. Moreover, the path to the top is so complicated that, as Alexander Abramov said, Alexander Abramov said, "at an altitude of more than 8,000 meters it is impossible to afford the luxury of morality. Above 8000 meters, you are completely busy, and in such extreme conditions you have no extra strength to help a comrade. "

Jomolungma (Everest) - the highest top of the earth (8848 m above sea level).

Geography Everest

Located in the Himalayas, in the Mahalangur Himal Ridge (in the part, called Khumbu-Himal). The Southern Top (8760 m) lies on the border of Nepal and the Tibetan Autonomous Region (China), the North (Home) Top (8848 m) is located in China.

Everest has the shape of a three-headed pyramid, the southern slope is sharper. On the southern slope and rabra, the snow and firms are not held, as a result of which they are naked. The height of the northeast shoulder is 8393 m. Height from the foot to the top of about 3550 m. The peak consists mainly of sedimental deposits.

From the south, Everest is connected by the South Saddle Pass (7906 m) with Lhotse (8516 m), sometimes called the southern vertex. From the north, the sharp-seated North Saddle (7020 m) connects Everest with the northern vertex - Changze (7543 m). An impassable Eastern Wall of Canhashung (3350 m) is turned up to the east. From the array in all directions, glaciers flow up at an altitude of about 5 km.

Jomolungma is partly part of the Sagarmatha National Park (Nepal).

Climate

At the top of Jomolungma there are strongest winds, at a speed of up to 200 km / h.

The average monthly air temperature in January -36 ° C (in some nights can be reduced to -50 ... -60 ° C), in July about 0 ° C.

Everest as an object of mountaineering

Everest, being the highest peak of the earth, attracts great attention to climbers; Attempts of climbing are regular.

The rise at the top takes about 2 months - with acclimatization and installation of camps. Mass loss for climbing - an average of 10-15 kg. Countries, in the territory of which are approaching the top, take fee not only for climbing it, as well as for a number of mandatory services (transport, communication officer, translator, etc. It also establishes an overlooking of expeditions. Cheaper to conquer Jomolungma from the side Tibet (PRC) on a classic route from the north.

The main season of climbing on the top is spring and autumn, since there are no monsoons at that time. Spring is considered the most suitable season for climbing on the southern and northern slopes. In the fall, you can only rise from the south.

A significant part of the ascent is organized by specialized firms and is carried out as part of commercial groups. Customers of these firms pay guides that conduct the necessary training, provide equipment and, as far as possible, ensure safety throughout the path. The cost of ascent is up to 85 thousand US dollars, and one only permission to climb the Nepal government is 10 thousand dollars.

In the XXI century, due to the development of the tourist infrastructure, there is a significant increase in annual ascents, so if in 1983 the vertices reached 8 people, in 1990 about forty, then in 2012, 234 people rose to Everest. When climbing, many hours of traffic jams and even fights between climbers are marked.

According to experts, the success of the expedition directly depends on the weather and equipment of travelers. The ascent to Jomolungma continues to be a serious test for everyone, regardless of the degree of its preparation. Acclimatization plays a significant role before the entrepreneur on Everest. A typical expedition on the south side spends up to two weeks on the rise from Kathmandu to the base camp at an altitude of 5364 m, and about a month goes to the acclimatization to height, before the first attempt to climb the vertex.

The most difficult seduction site for Everest is the last 300 m, nicknamed by the mountains on the mountain of "the longest mile on earth." For the successful passage of this site, the coolest sleek stone slope is required to overcome, covered with powdered snow.

Difficulties

The climbing on Everest in order to achieve the highest point of the mountain is characterized by exceptional difficulty and sometimes ends the death of both the climbers and the accompanying sherbo porters. This difficulty is due to the particularly unfavorable climatic conditions of the maxillary zone of the mountain due to the considerable height of its position. Among the data unfavorable for the body of a human climatic factors: high atmospheric sparseness and, as a result, an extremely low oxygen content in it, bordering a deadly low value; Low temperatures up to minus 50-60 degrees, which, in combination with periodic hurricane winds, is subjectively felt by the human body as temperature up to minus 100-120 degrees and can lead to extremely rapidly arising temperature injury; Considerable importance is intensive solar radiation at such heights. These features are complemented by the "standard" hazards of mountaineering, inherent and much less high heights: avalanche gathering, a break from steep slopes, falling into the elbow of the relief.

Air temperature on top and at the foot

The climate and the temperature regime of Everest Surov and unpredictable, and sometimes even extreme. The temperature values \u200b\u200bat the foot and at the top are sharply different from each other. At the foot of this, as a rule, a plus temperature, which decreases by 6.5 degrees with each thousand meters.

The temperature depends on seasonality, but never above 0 degrees. The most favorable climatic conditions in the summer months of the year, the average July temperature is minus 19 degrees. In winter, the temperature decreases, so the average temperature in January-February is -36 degrees, and at night it can reach up to 55-60 degrees below zero.

In the winter and spring period of the year, Western winds are "walking", and in winter - southwestern, whose speed can reach 280 kilometers per hour. In the summer and autumn months, monsime blows from the Indian Ocean, with the arrival of which a large amount of precipitation falls.

A sharp change in temperatures on Everest - the phenomenon is incredible. Even at the most favorable submissions (from May to October), sudden storms and snowfall are also characteristic. But in each season 3-4 days of sustainable weather, they are called "windows", which climbers are used to conquer mountain peaks.

How and who conquered Everest

• The first, who managed to make a feat and conquer the highest world top of 8848 meters high, became a climber Edmund Hillary and Nepalese Sherpa Tencing Nugi. Almost 65 years have passed since then (1953). And over this time, hundreds of thousands of brave people tried to conquer this mountain.
• The second ascent to Jomolungma was 3 years later in 1956 by the Swiss Expeditionary Group, headed by Ernst Rice and Fritz Luxinger.
• In 1963, the first American expedition to Everest was organized, Jim Whittaker became the conqueror. The accompanier of the American was Sherpa Navang Gombu, who later rose to the top of the second time in the Indian expedition and became the first person who was lucky enough to conquer the peak twice.
• In 1975, Japanese Dzünko Tabi became the first conqueror of Everest among the beautiful half of humanity.
• In 1982, the first Soviet expedition took place, which came to the top of the world. It consisted of 25 people, the leaders of the group were Vladimir Babyberdin and Eduard Myshlo.

Since then, a lot of climbing on Everest is committed by humanity, among which people of different generations and nationalities. At the end of 2017, the total number of people who have reached a peak amounted to 8306 people.

Everest (SHRIMPO1967 / Flickr.com) Everest (Neil Young / Flickr.com) Mountain Everest from the base camp (Rupert Taylor-Price / Flickr.com) Mountain Everest, Basic Camp and Rongbuca (Göran Höglund (Kartläsarn) / Flickr. COM) Top Jomolungma (Jo Cool / Flickr.com) View of Everest (Christopher Michel / Flickr.com) Cxom / Flickr.com Mahatma4711 / Flickr.com McKay Savage / Flickr.com ilker Ender / Flickr.com Fred Postles / Flickr. Com Jeff P / Flickr.com Everest in the clouds (Jean-François Gornet / Flickr.com) utpala / flickr.com View of Everest from the aircraft (XIQUINHO SILVA / Flickr.com) Rick Mccharles / Flickr.com Climbing Everest (Rick McCharles / Flickr.com) Basic Camp Everest - Horaco Shep - Nepal (Lampertron / Flickr.com) Akunamatata / Flickr.com Mount Jomolungma Top (Everest) (TAUSP / Flickr.com) Denn Ukraorerest (Christopher Michel / Flickr.com) Returning from the Basic Camp of Everest (Valcker / Flickr.com) Everest and Nuptsz E (Smallufo / Flickr.com) Stefanos Nikologianis / Flickr.com

Everest or Jomolungma is the highest mountain peak in the world. It is located in the Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China. Geographic coordinates of Mount Everest: 27 ° 59'17 "Northern latitude and 86 ° 55'31" Eastern longitude.

Jomolungma height is 8848 meters above sea level. For comparison, Elbrus height - the highest point of Russia, there are only 5642 meters above sea level, i.e. 3206 meters below Jomolungma.

The first time for Everest was undertaken on May 29, 1953 by the New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Sherpu Tenzing North.

Mountain is most famous worldwide as "Everest." This title title received in honor of George Evesta, who was the main geodesist of British India in the 1830s and 40s.

Mount Everest (Christopher Michel / Flickr.com)

Interestingly, the mountain was so named after Everest's life, about a year before his death. The name was proposed by a student of a scientist who calculated the exact height of the top and thereby proved that it is the highest on Earth. Prior to this, the top was also known as "Peak XV".

Traditional Tibetan title of vertices - Jomolungma, which can be translated as "windshoot winds". This name is widely used in Russian cartography, but in Western countries it is not too known, as it is considered rather difficult.

On the maps published in our country, the top is usually signed as "Jomolungma", and the name "Everest" is indicated in brackets. There is also a traditional Nepalese name of the mountain - Sagarmatha.

Where is Mount Everest (Jomolungma)?

Where is Everest today, you know hardly every child. If you look at the geographical map, you can see that it is located in the highest mountain system of the Earth - Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and the PRC.

The coordinates of Everest: 27 ° 59'17 "S.Sh. and 86 ° 55'31 "V.D. Mount Everest is part of the Mahalangur Himal Range; Nepalya part of it is located within the Sagramat Park.

Top Everest.

The top of the Jomolungma Mountain has a view of the pyramid with three almost flat sides. The southern slope is steeper, the snow and ice, the northern slope is almost not delayed on it, the northern slope is.

The relative mountain height includes approximately 3550 m. The South Saddle Pass, the height of which reaches 7906 meters above sea level, connects Everest with Mount Lhotz (8516 m), and the North Saddle Pass (7020 m) - with Mount Changzea (7553 m). Through these two pass passes most mountaineers.

Geographic characteristic

In the hood between the vertices of Jomolungma and Lhotza is a glacier Khumba. Below it goes into the same icefall, which is considered the most dangerous area when climbing through the southern wing.

View of Everest (Christopher Michel / Flickr.com)

This can be explained by the fact that the icefall almost constantly resides in motion. For the passage of this place, climbers use different stairs and railing.

Below the iceman, the glacier continues again and ends only at an altitude of 4,400 meters. Its total length is 22 km.

Another remarkable object of local topography is the wall Kangshung. This is the eastern wall of the vertex of the Jomolungma Mountain, the height of which is 3350 meters, and the width of the base is about 3000 meters.

The foot of the wall is located the same glacier. Climbing on the vertex on the wall Kangshung is significantly more dangerous compared to standard routes.

Everest in the clouds (Jean-François Gornet / Flickr.com)

Climate - What time of year is suitable for conquering Everest?

For the vertex of Everest is characterized by extremely unfavorable climatic conditions. Here are often very strong winds that blow at a speed of more than 50 meters per second.

The temperature on the top never happens above 0 degrees. The average temperature of July is minus 19 degrees, and the average temperature of January - 36 degrees below zero. In the winter night, the temperature can drop to 50-60 degrees below zero.

What period of the year is best suited for the conquest of the vertex? Based on climatic conditions, the most favorable for climbing the beginning of May. At this time, the wind here is usually the least strong.

How was Everest formed?

The history of Everest's education is closely related to the history of the formation of Himalayas, which originates many million years ago and follows from global geological processes.

Jomolungma Top (Jo Cool / Flickr.com)

About 90 million years ago, the Indian stove soldered from the giant mainland Gondwan and began to move quickly to the north.

The speed of movement reached twenty centimeters per year, which is much larger than the speed of the movement of any other slab of the earth's crust. Approximately 50-55 million years ago, the Indian slab began to face the Eurasian stove.

As a result of this collision, the Eurasian stove was strongly deformed - an extensive mountain belt was formed, the highest part of which are Himalayas.

At the same time, sedimentary rocks that have previously previously, the bottom of the ancient ocean were crushed into huge folds and were often at a huge height. This is explained by the fact that the peak of Everest is complied with sedimentary rocks.

Everest formation scheme

Today, the Indian stove continues its movement in the northeast direction, deforming the Eurasian Plate. In this regard, the global processes in the Himalayas continue.

The height of the mining system in general and individual vertices in particular continues to slowly increase several millimeters per year.

During major earthquakes, the change in the height of the territory can occur almost instantly and be much more significant.

Ecology: trash left by climbers, the bodies of the dead

The situation with the environment on Mount Jomolungma leaves much to be desired. During the climbing on its slopes, a huge amount of garbage has accumulated.

According to 2007, only the Tibetan region of the mountain contains about 120 tons of various debris left by climbers. How to export garbage from the slopes - it is not entirely clear.

In the past few years, attempts have been made attempts to collect waste, but this was clearly not enough. Another problem is the evacuation and burial bodies of dead climbers.

• A rather interesting fact is that water on the highest peak of the world boils at a temperature of only +68 ° C. You will probably ask: why? This is due to the fact that the atmospheric pressure here is only a third of the normal pressure at sea level.
• Another interesting fact is a gradual growth of the mountain. Indeed, the height of the jomolungma increases every year by a value of 3 to 6 millimeters. The same trend is characteristic of all Himalayas, which is explained by the ongoing processes of the area and the territory associated with this lift.
• I would also like to mention such a curious fact that Everest is the highest point of the world, only to take into account height from the world's ocean level. So, the Mauna Kea volcano on Hawaii island, towers relative to the bottom of the ocean by 10 203 meters, while its height above sea level is only 4205 meters.

Place overlooking Everest

Thanks to the efforts of the team www.airpano.com, a virtual walk through Everest appeared. Airpano specializes in virtual tours taken in high resolution from a bird's eye view. Below is a panorama overlooking Everest.

Since Sir Edmund Hillary has reached the vertex of Mount Everest in 1953, thousands of climbers crave to repeat his feat. Due to the fact that Everest has an impressive title "The Highest Mountain in the World", there were so many people on it that every year this Himalayan beauty gradually turns into a literally a garbage dump.

Everest is the highest mountain in the world (~ 8,848 m)

When we say what the highest mountain of the world, we usually think about height above sea level. And if you take this parameter, then the height of the mountain (8849 meters above sea level) is out of competition. Everest extends higher into the atmosphere than any other peak in the world.

However, the most distinguished point from the center of the Earth, and, therefore, the highest in terms of distance is Chimborace (6384 meters above sea level). It is a stratov toll in Ecuador, which is part of the Mountain chain of Andes.

The land is not flat, it opens at the equator and smoothes near the poles. This means that the mountains near the equator are technically higher than in other planet areas. And so it happened that Chimbraso is closer to the convex center of the Earth than Everest. It turns out that she is closer to the stars than the highest point of Mount Everest.

Most heavy mountain climbers

According to one of the reports, Everest extends to a distance of 6382 meters from the center of the Earth. At the same time, Chimborazo extends to a distance of 6384 meters. Although the difference in the height between the two mountains is only 2 km, it is enough to transfer the title "Highest Mountain" Ecuadorian Stratovulkan.

So why Mount Everest continues to receive all the laurels while Chimborace remains relatively unnoticed? Everything comes down to the difficulties of climbing.

If you are a climber and want to test yourself, conquering Everest, then the path to the base camp will take 10 days. Another six weeks will need to acclimatize, and then nine days will rise to the top. On the other hand, acclimatization on Chimborazo takes about two weeks, and the path to the vertices is about two days. Simply put, after Everest, the rise in Chimborace will seem like a walk in the park.

Above and under sea level

Mount Everest is the highest point above sea level, but if we are talking about a clear altitude from the base to the top, then the honor is called the highest mountain belongs to the "White Mount" (Mauna-Kea) on the island of Hawaii. Its height above sea level is 4205 meters, but the mountain leaves 5,998 meters down, to the bottom. More than half of the mountains are immersed in water.

The overall height of Mauna Kea is 10 203 meters. This is 1345 meters exceeds the height of Everest.

Mauna Kea is actually an extinct volcano on the big island of Hawaii. It originated about a million years ago, when the Tekh Ocean Textonic Plate moved above the loop of a liquid magma deeply inside the Earth. The last time Mauna Kea was erupted about 4,600 years ago.

The top of the mountain is a paradise for astronomers: it has a low humidity, over her clean sky, and a large distance from any light pollution. That is, the top of the volcano opens, perhaps the best view of the celestial objects. Now at the peak of Mauna Kea there are 13 telescopes.

It is important to once again note that Everest is the highest of the highest mountains, if you measure it from the sea level. If you use this parameter, then Chimbrasco can not even count on the title of "the highest peak in Andes". This title belongs to Mount Aconcagua, which rises to 6961 meters above sea level.

The highest mountains on each continent

1. In Asia - Mount Everest (8,49 meters).
2. In South America - Mount Akonkagua (6,961 meters).
3. In North America - Mac-Kinley Mount (6 190 meters).
4. In Africa - Kilimanjaro mountain (5,895 meters).
5. In Europe - Mount Elbrus (5,642 meters)
6. In Antarctica - Massif Veson (4,897 meters).

In Australia - Oceania - Punchak jaya mountain (4,884 meters) in Oceania and Mount Kostyshko - the highest point at the Australian continent (2,228 meters).

Top 10 highest mountains in the world

The problem in the dimension is that it is often incomprehensible, where the separation line runs between a mountain with several peaks and a separate mountain. For this reason, it is better to use a measurement called "topographic excess" (the height of the mountain peak over the bottom level of the valley closest to the mountain). Considering this criterion, first of all, in the second place height above sea level, we have drawn up the highest point of land.

Topographic excess - 4,741 m.

Above sea level rises by 5,642 m.

Mount Elbrus is an extinct volcano, which is located in the western part of the Caucasian ridge, in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, not far from the Russian-Georgian border. This is the highest peak in the Caucasus.

Excess - 4,884 m.

Height - 4,884 m.

This mountain, located on the Australian Plate on the island, New Guinea initially wore the name of the discoverer - the Dutchman Jan Kastens. In 1965, she changed the name in honor of the Indonesian president of Sukarno, and in 1969 it was renamed for the third time, in Jay (in Indonesian means victory) and they still stopped at this.

Excess - 4,892 m.

The height of the vertex is 4,892 m.

The record holders of Antarctica and part of the Elsuert Mountains, which rise above the Ronne's shelf glacier.

Excess - 4,922 m

Height according to GPS - 5,636 m, according to INEGI - 5,611 m.

Stratovoliko, the highest mountain in Mexico and the third largest in North America. Orizaba last erupted in 1687, after which "fell asleep" and did not wake up to this day.

Topographic excess - 5 250 m

Height above sea level - 5,959 m.

The highest mountain in Canada and the second in North America, after McKornley. In connection with the active tectonic raising, Logan is still growing in height. Until 1992, the exact height of the mountain was unknown and was assumed in the range from 5,959 to 6,050 meters. In May 1992, the Expedition GSC rose to Logan and installed the current height of 5,959 meters using GPS

Topographic excess - 5,585 m.

Above sea level - 5,776 m

The highest point in Colombia. It is almost equal to him at the height of Columbian peak Simon Bolivar. Together they are two closest to the stars of the vertices of the country.

Topographic excess - 5,885 m.

Above sea level - 5,895 m.

Kilimanjaro, and his three volcanic cones (Cybo, Maventi and Shira) is an inactive volcanic mountain in Kilimanjaro National Park, Tanzania. This is the highest mountain in Africa. There is no documented evidence of Kilimanjaro eruption, but local legends say that the volcano showed activity 150-200 thousand years ago.

Topographic excess - 6 144 m

Height above sea level - 6 190 m

Mac-Kinley double-headed mountain (she is Denali), located on Alaska, is the highest mountain peak in the United States and in North America. At the beginning of the 19th century, a big mountain was named and was the highest point of the Russian Empire.

Topographic excess - 6,962 m.

Above sea level - 6,962 m.

The highest mountain in North and South America. It is located in the Mountain Chain of the Andes, in the Argentine Province of Mendoza. In 2013, the nine-year-old American Tyler Armstrong rose on the mountain, Nine-Year American Tyler Armstrong. And last year, Akonkagua conquered the youngest mountaineer, twelve-year-old Romanian Dor Jet Popescu.

1. Mount Everest (Jomolungma)

Topographic excess - 8,848 m.

Height above sea level - 8,848 m.

The leader of the mining charts was named after the English Colonel, Sir George Everest, who was the main geodesist of India from 1830 to 1843. Mount Everest is also known under the Tibetan name Jomolungma (goddess-mother of vital energy) and the Nepali name of Sagarmatha (forehead heaven).

Where is the highest mountain in the world

Jomolungma is located in the Mahalangur Himal mountain range in the Himalayas. Part of it lies on the border of Nepal and China, part in the territory of the Tibetan Autonomous Area.

Many human triumphs and tragedies were associated with Everest. George Mallory (United Kingdom) was the first climber who attempted to assault Everest. In 1924, he died not far from the top and his remains found only in 1999, but the body of his partner on the conjunction of Andrew Irvina was not found.

Mount Everest was an inspiration for many global Guinness Records: from a simple fact that this is the highest peak in the world to the highest (at the place of holding) in the world of the concert.

Despite the title "The highest peak on Earth, Everest is not the highest mountain on the planet. That is, in height above sea level, Everest has no equal. But as for the height of the base to the top, then the palm of the championship holds Mauna Kea in Hawaii, the United States. Its visible part is 4,205 meters, and everything else is under water. The overall height of Mauna Kea reaches 10 203 meters.