Palace Potala in Tibet. Ancient "Mystical Mountain"

A construction of a length of 320 m and a height of 110 m, around which the eagles flip, divides on white and red palaces. The White Palace Potal with a defense covered base in its current form arose at the 5th Dalai Lama since 1645 with the participation of a large number of serfs. From the more ancient fortress that existed on this grief since Songzen Gampo (VII century) practically nothing left - although the legend states that the relics of the time are the cave for meditation (see below) and the Phagpu Hall. The White Palace contains rooms that perform purely practical functions, including bedrooms, work offices and a hall for Dalai Lama's audiences. In addition, there are a monastery tract, administrative premises and warehouses. The most important shrines are located in the Red Palace, erected with the regent of the 6th Dalai Lama until 1694. Since then, the appearance of Potala has not changed almost unchanged.

Inspection

The main entrance to Potala Palace, through which pilgrims follow, leads up to the side of the fortress mountain (the so-called Red Mountain), which is addressed to the old city, to the eastern part of the White Palace. Tourists within the booked program are carried on the road from the west to the northern side of the Red Palace, so that they entered the holy of saints, so to speak, through the back door. From there you must move along the route of inspection leading to all important premises with an unusually large number of great items of art.

Big Western Hall

The center of the Red Palace is a large western hall, the intronization room. Its walls are decorated with paintings with episodes from the life of Dalai Lam, Tibetan kings and the incarnations of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshwara. Four rooms surrounding the West Hall can be based on their religious meaning, to consider as the history of Tibetan Buddhism: the Hall of Padmasambhava tells about its origins; He is dedicated to the Indian Saint, which arrived in Tibet in the VIII century, submitted to the local religion demons and instructed them from now on to stand on Buddhism. The following room is the Hall of the Tsongkhay Reformed Hall, whose heir subsequently became the 1st Dalai Lama. The third room is devoted to him and four of its subsequent incarnations. The fourth tait gravestones with the bodies of the 5th, 10th and 12th Dalai Lam. We are talking about 14 meter, abundantly gilded and decorated with gems of pagodas with relics. The central stupa of the 5th Dalai Lama is the most luxurious jewelry of the Potala. The death shells of eight Tibetan priests are resting in such laritsa in the Red Palace. Outside, their exact location shows the gilded roofs of the Red Palace.

Top floor

On the stairs in the northeast of the Western Hall, it is possible through the intermediate floor with wall paintings, which, among other things, depict the construction of the Potala, get to the top floor with other significant halls and wonderful images. Here in the northeast corner there is also a hall for the meditation of the king Songzen Gampo. This room with cliff layouts, designed as a grotto, goes back to the time of the founding of Lhasa and the origins of the Potala Palace, as well as generally Tibetan Buddhism. Platically, the king is depicted between the thirtieth of the Avalokiteshvara and the 5th Dalai Lama; Next, the statues of Wives Songzen Gampo, Padmasambhava and other persons are visible.

Phagpu hall

An annular corridor leads to the hall of peaceful and angry gods, as well as to two chairs, full of many valuable metal sacrificial gifts. Over them is the Phagpu Hall. The left entrance in it shows the prints of legs and hands, allegedly left by Padmasambhaw, Zongkhape and the 12th Dalai Lama. The main statues in the premises are the three statues of Avalokiteshwaras from sandalwood, which allegedly emerged as natural formations from a split woody trunk; Therefore, believers see the manifestation of the otherworldly in these figures, and respectively, the reverence given to them.

Stupa 13th Dalai Lama and private

If you go to the left, then you can walk to the tombstone of the 13th Dalai Lama, which died in 1933. Further follows the private chambers of the 6th Dalai Lama, a vitality, who did not obey the monastic vows and subsequently allegedly killed. In this room today they honor the Amitayus, Buddha longevity. The staircase leads to the attic floor with the hall of Maitrey, in which the throne of the 8th Dalai Lama is. From the roof platform, a beautiful view of the city opens. Next, the ring corridor leads to the private rest of the 13th and 14th (current) Dalai Lama. Since the last in 1959 fled from Tibet, the premises allocated to him practically retain the original appearance. Through the courtyard and extremely luxury portals, you can go to the leading up the stairs on the south side of the palace and go down to the city. Opening hours: weekly. 9.30-12.00, 15.00-17.00.

The ancient kings of Tibet were mostly mystics, and many of them were connected with strong uzes with the wonderful country of Eergore, or Shambala.

I do not know exactly what I was imagined for the decision of the king of Songszn Gampo to choose the Red Mountain for your palace, but it is known that he built a sweat on his meditation. This cave of his meditations is still a mustache and unharmed, despite different periods of Tibetan history that did not spare and sweat.

The name "Potala" is borrowed from Sanskrit, and in Tibetan, it sounds like "COLOR" or "PATU", which means "Mystical Mountain". It consists of 2 parts - the Red Palace and White.

The White Palace is looking red as if a protective wall. Very symbolic: after all, the White Palace is the residence of the administrative, secular power of Tibet. The head of the Tibetan administration was Dalai Lama. But few people mention that in addition to the head of the government, from some time in the Red Palace, there lived and Tashi Lama - the spiritual head of Tibet, approved by the Vlainov.

The last Tashi Lama was forced to escape from the Potala after the conspiracy of the penultimate Dalai Lama. Thus, the penultimate Dalai Lama rejected the great patrons of Shambhala. And shortly after this tragic event, Chinese troops entered Tibet. Karma. The young Dalai Lama, the heir of the Lama traitor, and our contemporary had to move to India, where his residence is still being.

And Shambala closed his gates for the Tibetan people. But not very tight, the invisible hand is still there, and the Teaching of Calachakra, which came from the Tower of Shambhala, finds ways to live in peace. And it is good.

Below is a great report on modern sweat.

The original is taken by W. anton_ermachkov. to Potala Palace

Potala Palace located on Red Mountain in the center of Lhasa, not only the main attraction, the shrine, the largest monumental structure in all Tibet, but also the highest palace in the world. This palace is the only monument of culture and art and truly architectural masterpiece.
I do not remember where and when I first saw a photo of the Palace Potala, but since then I wanted to come to Tibet and see this miracle alive!

Photo 2. The palace is located at an altitude of 3,700 m on the Red Hill (Marpo Ri) in the middle of the Lhasa Valley. Numerous pilgrims bypass around the hill with a palace, making a bark - a ritual trafficking of the holy place. Along the bark there are numerous prayer drums and trading rows.

In 637, Tibet Tibet, Songssen Gampo, arreed here the first building in the place where he usually meditated. When he decided to make Lhasa his capital, he built the palace. After his engagement with the Chinese princess Wen Cheng, expanded the palace to 999 rooms, erected the walls and towers and dug the bypass canal. In the second half of the 7th century, lightning and wooden buildings were burned to the palace, then because of the internecine wars, the palace collapsed. Now only the F-Wan Cave and the Pabalakan Hall are preserved.

The palace in its modern form began to be built in 1645 at the initiative of Dalai Lama V. In 1648, the White Palace was completed, and Potala began to be used as a winter residence of Dalai Lam. The Red Palace was completed between 1690 and 1694.

Photo 3.

Photo 4. The heart of the complex is the Red Palace (Pochang Marto) is the highest part in the center. This part is fully devoted to religious education and Buddhist prayers:

Photo 5. The building consists of a variety of halls, chapels and libraries on several levels with gallery and winding corridors. Richly decorated with painting, precious stones and carvings, it contains several temples and tombs of eight past Dalai Lam:

Photo 6. The White Palace consists of a large eastern pavilion, a solar pavilion, residential entourage of the regent and mentor of the Dalai Lama, as well as government premises:

Photo 7. The Big Oriental Pavilion was used for official ceremonies, in the Dalai Lama Sunny Pavilion actually lived and worked:

Photo 8.

Photo 9. Raise:

Photo 10. Interesting material for walls :)

Photo 11. The Palace was the main residence of the Dalai Lama, up to the forced departure of XIV Dalai Lama in 1959 in India and receive political asylum there. The Chinese government uses the complex as a museum. In 1994, the complex is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Photo 12. Since the visit to the palace, Chinese comrades, the tourist is given one hour, the inspection of the inner premises passes by almost running, but still do not understand how it happened that this is the only photo I did inside the palace:

Photo 13. On one of the bursts of the complex:

Photo 14. From the upper tiers of Potala opens a good view of Lhasa:

Photo 15.

Photo 16. Potted with twilight:

Photo 17. And backlit:

Photo 18. Slightly closer:

Photo 19. On the square in front of the Palace, the Chinese built a great fountain, which every evening attracts crowds of tourists and citizens. Tourists, laying up tripods, try to capture the beauty of night traffic, children run under water jets, parents run for children, couples will retire on benches, and the Chinese military and fire fighters look at all that happening :))

Photo 20.

Photo 21.

Potala Palace (Potala Palace) in lhasa city in Tibet — tsarsh Palace and buddhist temple complexwas basic Residence of the Dalai Lama. Located at an altitude of 3767 meters above sea level. No palace of the world is located so high as Potala. The palace received its name from the name of the Sacred Mountain, located in India, where, according to legend, Bodhisatata Avalokiteshvar (Guanin) lives.

According to the legend, the Potala Palace was erected in the 7th century the Tuffan Tsar of Sronzanbambo for his future wife - Tansk Princess Wencheng. Distributed along the mountainside from the foot to the top, it combines 1000 buildings of Tibetan architecture. After the fall of the Tufan dynasty, most of the halls of the palace were destroyed, their reconstruction began in 1645, when the Zing Government approved the Dalai Lama of the Fifth Tibet's ruler. His successors did not stop the work on the expansion of the Palace Palace, and here it appears in our day.

The palace is divided into two parts - the scorcies and the bulb. Grounding in the East serves the residence of Dalai Lam. The sick in the center accommodates Buddhist halls and burial pagodas-stupas. Monks and servants live in the West in the West. Before the scoring is broken place for presenting the image of the Buddha on holidays. The main building of Potala Palace has 13 floors.

Potala Palace - The sacred place of Tibetan Buddhism, every year he is visited by a great many pilgrims and tourists. Plow raising usually begins with a space stele at the foot of the mountain, along the winding stone path you can reach the eastern gate with the image of four Alohanes and through the 4-meter palace wall to get into the magnificent pavilion. In the middle of the mountain, there is a grand terrace with an area of \u200b\u200b1600 square meters. M, where Dalai Lama addressed the believer. From here on the corridor rising in the largest pavilion of the cynous. According to historical records since 1653, when the Qing Emperor Shunzhi Golden Lettering and the seal granted the Dalai Lama Fifth and the Central Government approved his construction of the saints, solemn religious ceremonies are held here.

Main construction part of the bulb Form 8 tumors - burial pagodas-stupas. The largest and most luxurious is the burial pagoda of the Dalai Lama Fifth. It is covered with leaf gold, which was spent 3721 kilograms, and inlaid with precious stones. In the largest pavilion, the mild pavilion is presented by a memorial board with the inscription of the Emperor Qianlong and magnificent curtains donated by the Cinse Emperor Kansey. According to legend, to make these curtains, Emperor Kansey ordered to build a special workshop, on their fabrics left the whole year. From here, through the gallery, you can get into the most ancient part of the Palace - Pavilion Snoyagal, where the sculptures of the king of Sronzanbambo are kept, Princess Wencheng and Sanovnikov. In the highest pavilion, Sasronlazz brought victims to the image and memorial labels of the Qing Emperor Qianlun. After the death of the Dalai Lama of the fifth on New Year's Days on the Tibetan calendar, his successors made sacrifices.

White Potala Palace It is east of the Red Palace, in the White Palace there are a large oriental pavilion, a sunny pavilion, residential chambers of regent and Mentors Dala, official governments.

Big Oriental Pavilion (Tibetan "Zocinya") is the largest pavilion of the White Palace. The important events of a political and cult nature were arranged here, in particular the intic ceremony of Dalai Lam. In the center of the pavilion near the northern wall, the throne of Dalai Lama is installed. On the walls of the pavilion, many frescoes, two groups of frescoes are of particular interest: the frescoes on the topic "Transformation of the monkey in a person" and the frescoes that narrate the story of Princess Jincheng.

Sunny Pavilion Located at the top of the Big Eastern Pavilion. There are two solar pavilion: East and Western. They served by living quarters of the Dalai Lam. Western solar pavilion was built in the late years of the Dalai Lama of the 13th. Most of the year (summer and autumn), Dalai Lama spent in the summer residence of Narbulinka, and Potala Palace served him by the Winter Palace.

It was in this pavilion that Dalai Lama spent the time reading the sacred texts, administrative affairs and life departures. In the Western Sunny Pavilion there were residentials of the Dalai Lama of the 13th, and in the Eastern Sunny Pavilion - the rest of the Dalai Lama of the 14th. In the pavilion, the Golden Buddha statue is kept, the figure of Avalokiteshwares from Jasper, scrolls of sacred suturt, porcelain, a tea device from gold and jasper, brocade blankets and so on.

Red Palace He served as a place of prayers in the name of the Buddha and other cult shipments, the main premises of the Red Palace are pavilions with the memorial stups of the Dalai Lam and the cult rooms of another destination. In total, there are 8 memorial stories in the Red Palace of Potala, of which the stupes of the Dalai Lama of the 5th and Dalai Lama of the 13th are the most luxurious. The size and magnitude of the decoration of the stage symbolizes the contribution to the development of the country and society made by this Dalai Lama. In addition, numerous cult monuments and skilled products made of precious stones and metals are kept in the Red Palace of Potala, the rare editions of the sacred texts, as well as the sculptures of Buddhist saints, the icons "Tank", religious attributes, sacrificial affiliations and so on. In the fresco gallery on the fifth floor of the Red Palace Potala there is a whole group of frescoes that reproduce the episodes of the construction of the Potala Palace.

Stupa Dalai Lama The 5th floor ranks 4th, but she herself is height equals a 5-storey building! This step is 14.85 meters high, made of pure gold, is the highest of the Palace Palace. They say the design and contents of this stupa equals half of the wealth of all mankind.

Granite walls, golden roofs, elegant eaves with their gold-plated decorations make Palace Potala indescribably magnificent and majestic. Colored wall paintings in it are depicting Buddhas and Alohanes, truthfully reproduce the life and activities of the Dalai Lama of the Fifth, the solemn entry into Tibet Tibet Princess Wencheng, reflect the development of Tibetan Buddhism, ancient Tibetan culture. An ancient architectural ensemble - Potala Palace is the fruit of the mind and the talent of the people, the evidence of cultural ties between the Tibetans and the Hans, an indispensable symbol of Tibet.

Numerous pilgrims bypass around the hill with a palace, making a bark - a ritual trafficking of the holy place. Along the bark there are numerous prayer drums and trading rows.

Lhasa is "the habitat of the gods", it was chosen by Tibetan kings as the capital of the state. Until now, the researchers of Central Asia cannot solve all the secrets of the city to the end. A centuries-old building - Potala Palace belongs to the mysteries of Lhasa. With its beauty and greatness, he is striking people no one hundred years. Every year, thousands of tourists are striving for the pilgrimage of Buddhists.

Lhasa city. Potala Palace - Main Landmark

The Chinese city of Lhasa is located in the valley of the beautiful River Gich, which flows over the sea level of Lhasa is at an altitude of 3680 meters. For many years there was a residence of the Dalai Lama. Only in 1979 the city became available to visit tourists, until this time, the entrance to foreigners was closed here. Barkhor Street is greatly held through the center. If you believe the legends, there was a lake in the center of this ring, in him died for the townspeople live calmly, the lake fell asleep, and at this place was built a monastery of Jokhang. In the old town of Lhas, there are many valuable monuments of history: the monasteries of sulfur, Drepung, Ganden, but the most significant can be called the Tibetan Palace Potala. For many years, he surprises visitors with its unusual, rare architecture, magnificent style. To admire the beauty and uniqueness of the palace, thousands of travelers arrive in Tibet. Potala - - located on a red hill, which is surrounded by the Lhana Valley.

Potala Palace, Tibet: History of Construction

As the legend says, initially Potala Palace in the VII century erected the king of Sronzanbambo. The construction was built for Princess Wencheng, his future wife. The building spread out of the foot to the top of the mountain, it combined thousands of buildings made in Tibetan style. In the days of the hostilities of those years, the Tuffan Dynasty fell, and many halls of the palace were simply destroyed. Over time, natural cataclysms also influenced the condition of the walls of the structure. Reconstruction began only in 1645. At that time, the Zing Government determined the ruler of Tibet - the Dalai Lama of the fifth. Palace and became his residence.

Considered Palace Potala from two parts - white and red. The White Palace was built in 1653, and in 1694 finished the construction of red. The complete height of the structure from the ground, stone, the tree was 117 meters. The width of the Palace is 335 meters. Thirteen floors occupy more than 130 thousand square meters, now the entire area occupies 360 thousand square meters. The palace includes more than 1,100 rooms and halls, 200 thousand of various sculptures, more than 10 thousand chapels.

Description Palace Potala

Consider in more detail what the Potala Palace looks like. As mentioned above, it consists of the spirit of pieces - white and red. In the White Palace there are rests of the Dalai Lama, the Red Palace serves as a place of service. In the courtyard built household premises and celi monks. It is best to start the inspection of the Red Palace from the upper rooms, in particular from the chapel of Maitrei. The inputs in the chapel are located on the lowest tier. The western part is occupied by the tombs of Dalai Lam, here are the official premises of the government. In the sunny pavilion, he lived, worked, wrote the sacred texts of the Dalai Lama, was engaged in control. The big pavilion was used for official ceremonies. The Pabalakan Hall and Fa-Wan Cave, which is considered a special part, remained from the facilities of the VII century.

Raising on Potal. Interesting places

The sacred place at Buddhists is Potala Palace, Tibet annually takes thousands of pilgrims. Raising the palace begins at the foot of the mountain from the blast wall. The winding stone path will lead to the eastern gate, which depict four Alohani. You can get into the pavilion through the palace wall, its height is four meters.

In the middle of the way, a huge terrace appears to the eyes, its area is 1600 square meters. From here, Dalai Lama appealed to the believers gathered here. Further, on the corridor you can climb into the largest pavilion - the expansion of the civy. It was here that in 1653 religious solemn ceremonies were held when the emperor Shunzhzhi complained to Dalai Lama Fifth Golden Printing and Literacy. At the same time, his construction occurred in the rank of saints.

Everywhere, where Potala Palace was depicted, there is a part where there are eight tolls, the so-called pathodas. The most luxurious and large is the Pagoda of the Dalai Lama Fifth. It is covered with leaf gold, spent 3721 kg. Incrucified tomb of rare precious stones.

The largest and most ancient part of the palace

The largest pavilion of the surname store stores on which the inscriptions of the Qing emperor Qianlong and amazing curtains donated by the emperor Kansey. The legend says: In order to seize these curtains, a special workshop was built, there was a whole year for the manufacture of them. The pavilion was considered the most ancient part of the palace. It is here that many years are kept the sculptures of the great king of the Sronzanbambo, all the dignitaries and princesses of Wencheng. Sasronlazze is the highest pavilion, the victims of the memorial plates and the image of the emperor Qianlong were brought.

Beauty Potala Palace

Potala Palace appears before the gaze of travelers as a majestic, indescribable beauty building. Golden roofs, granite walls, elegant eaves with gilded decorations give the structure fabulous, fantastic image. On color wall paintings - drawings of Buddha and Alohanes, truthful reproduction of life, the activities of the Dalai Lama of the fifth. Also reflected the solemn entry of Princess Wencheng in Tibet. Painting reflects all the development of Buddhism, ancient Tibetan culture. The oldest architectural ensemble - Potala Palace - is an unbreakable symbol of Tibet, the fruit of the mind, the talent of the Chinese people. He testifies to the cultural union between Hans and Tibetans.

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Potala Palace (Named by Potal, the so-called pure earth of Bodhisattva Avalokiteshwara) is the world famous palace in the city of Lhasa, who was the official residence of the Dalai Lama in the era of the Central Hotbetic Government Ganden Porang (from 1642 to 1959). The huge palace is located on Mount Mareori (translated from the Tibetan "Red Mountain") and towers 130 meters above the center of the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Area.

Construction of the initial palace building on Red Mount was started in 637 by the king of Songzane Gampo, who commanded him in Lhasa for his wife Wen Cheng. The structure was completed in 641. In the 8th century, it was almost completely destroyed by Chinese troops.

In the 17th century, Dalai Lama V ordered to build a new palace on the mountain. At the same time, the ruins remaining since Songzen Gampo were integrated into its design. The construction of the first part (Porang Carpo, i.e. The "White Palace") of the current Potala Palace was completed in 1648 with Dalai Lame V, and the second part (Pochang Marepo, i.e. "Red Palace") was completed only in 1694 after his death, with its 5th governor of the detacities of Sangye Gyatso (Desi Sangen Gyatso). A detailed statement of the governor has been preserved about this stage of construction with an extensive list of people employed in Him. The last serious reconstruction was undertaken in 1922. With Dalai Lama XIII, several rooms were renovated, and another 2nd floors in the Red Palace were completed.

After the construction of the Palace of Norbulinka, who began to be used as a summer, Potala received the status of the winter residence.

During the Chinese cultural revolution, the complex of Potala Palace among the few Tibetan cultural monuments was preserved relatively well, since the Chinese occupation army was located here. Nowadays, it is used as a museum, but along with the Temple, Jokang still refers to the number of most important places of pilgrimage of Tibetan Buddhists.

Outside, 13 floors of the palace are visible. The structure was completely built of wood and stone. Its walls thick up to 5 meters are entirely erected from granite. The foundation of the walls descends deeply in the rock layer, and the external walls are strengthened by reinforcement, made by fill in special molten iron channels. The reinforcement was supposed to strengthen the construction of the building and its resistance to earthquakes. Potala Palace was decorated with rich golden decorations, which served as lightning lighters. Numerous lightning strikes, striking it for several past centuries, did not harm him.