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Attica Translated from the ancient Greek "Coastal Country" - the southeastern region of Central Greece, the connecting link between the Balkan Peninsula and the Archipelago, which is approximately 3808 km², borders in the north with Boeotia, in the West through Corinthian End - with Megar and All Peloponnese. From the south is washed by Saromic, from the east - Petali and Northeast - the Evieu Bay of the Aegean Sea.

TUBS, GNU 1.2

Geography

Most of the attics is covered with elevations consisting of limestone and marble, and is currently alone naked, deprived of vegetation spaces.

CRNIBOMBARDER !!! , Public Domain

Only higher parts of the Kiferon and Parnassa, as well as the North-West Pentelikon slopes are covered with pine and fir forests. The base of the entire mountain system serves Kieferon (now the estate, the so-called spruce hill, the highest point of which rises at 1411 m above sea level).

Kieferon, the main ridge, separates the attics from Boeotia; From Megara Attica is separated by its branch coming to the south and the name of Kerat (Horn); With the southeastern spurs of the Kiferon, the 1413 m Parnas (now Oceya), which northeastern branches, now wearing individual names (Beletti, Armenia, Maurovo, Tsanaany, Straighkorak, Kotronic), stretch to the eastern edge of the region, are formed in this part. Attiki is a real mountain country (diacrium or ancient eappry).

The southern continuation of Parnass is to rise significantly below the sea of \u200b\u200bEgaleos, which in the southern part, where he goes into the sea against the island of Salamin, is called the corridalos (now Skaramant), and in the middle, where he disperses the gorge connecting the plains of Athens and Elevais is called Pekilion.

Bishkekrocks, Public Domain

In the northeast, the Athenian plain is bored by Brilltos, or, as it was commonly called around the terrain lying on his southern slope, Penterikon (now more than more than now). This is 1110 m of the height of the pyramidal elevation with extensive, now with success exploited by marbles, which deliver an excellent white marble of the finest grain, going on buildings and statues. The valley of 4 km width separates in the south of the Pentelikon sole from the southern belt, almost extremely consisted of a bluish-gray marble, which in antiquity used for architectural purposes. This ridge - thoughts (now drove) - rises by 1027 m, almost deprived of forest vegetation, but covered with fragile herbs and therefore inhabited wild bees that give excellent honey.

H. GROBE, GNU 1.2

The eastern edge of the area (in the ancient parallia) is breaking with less high chains of the hills, which south of the Himmete, where the peninsula is narrowed, are connected to one ridge - the Lavrionic Highlands, which is Cool descending to the sea, Sunium, on which the ruins of the temple of Athens will now come out , on the columns of which, now, the cape is called the sailors of the cap-colonum.

APANAG, CC BY-SA 3.0

Lavrionian mountains in their richness silver had a high meaning in antiquity; But these mines, at first very profitable, before it was exploited, which is immediately after the beginning of N. e. I had to stop prey. Only in the later time they tried, and not unsuccessfully, from slags that remain from previous work, to extract benefits.

The mountains stretch part directly to the sea, the apparent land accumulated part of their soles, forming more or less broad shore plains, of which many were known in antiquity.

Rabe! , GNU 1.2.

The wonderful of the marathon plain on the north shore. It represents lowland 9 km, length and from 2-4 km shir., With an extensive marsh to the northeast. Here in 490 BC. e. The Persian army suffered a defeat from the Athenian troops.

More significant plains, which or, starting at the shore, stretch far away in the country, or are completely separated from the sea, in the country only three: 1) Athenian plain, often called simply "plain" (pedion); 2) The smaller, separated from the Athenian Egaleos Mountains, the Triatic plain (the so-called the ancient terrain of TRIA) and 3) of the plain between the gymnas and lower mountain chains of the Eastern Coast, which is connected to the Athenian Plain by the valley separating the Pentelikon from Himmete.

The irrigation of the country is extremely poor. The most significant streams proceed along the Athenian Plain, namely: Kefis, starting at the south-western foot of the Pentelikon in the rich forest area of \u200b\u200bCeffs, fed by different tributaries from Parnassa. It proceeds to the plain in the south-west direction and to the west of the city is given to numerous channels for irrigation of vegetable gardens and plantations; Ilway begins at the northern foot of the Himmete, proceeds from the eastern and south side of the city and to the southwest of it is lost in the sands. In addition to them, you need to mention another Keffis of Eleusinskaya Plain, about the teething marathon plain the pole Enoe (so named on the above-north of the ancient terrain) and about Erasinos, which flows further to the south of the eastern coastal, in the ancient locality of Arafen (now Rafina).

Grzegorz WYSOCKI, GNU 1.2

History

The population of the country, not to mentioning some pelasgic elements of the prehistoric era and the enormous number of foreigners, subsequently living in Athens, belonged to ancient times to the Ionian tribe. Residents called themselves authtons, that is, indigenous, since their ancestors were made directly from the soil of the country and from time immemorial, the Earth consisted in their continuous possession.

As all the ionic peoples, the inhabitants of Attica disintegrated into four knees or classes (films): Heleonts (noble), goplites (warriors), Egikoreev (shepherds in general and goats in particular) and Ergadeev (farmers). According to legend, in the country from time immemorials there were 12 independent cities or community unions. It was part of individual, even later existing settlements as keacropi (later Athens), Eleusin, Dealer and Athena (the last two in the north of the country), Buron (among the Eastern Coast), Torikos (in the southernmost part of the Eastern Coast), Kiteros (location Unknown), Sfetos and Kefisia, part of the Union of several settlements, like Epacrius (Northern Mountain Country), Tetrapolis (Union of Four Cities) at the Marathon Plain and Tetrakomiy (Union of Four villages) in the south of Athenian Plain. According to legend, these 12 communities are connected by theses in one political integer, the capital of which are Athens.

Hansueli Krapf, CC BY-SA 3.0

Administrative division

On the map of Prefectures (Nomov), the decentralized attic administration is divided into 4 nomes (nomarchies) shown on the map below:

1. Athens
2. East Attica
3. Piraeus
4. Western Attica

After the administrative reform of 2011, the decentralized attic administration consists of 65 municipalities.

Agriculture and fossils

The country's soil is almost completely light, rather thin layer of rocky limestone, which is little suitable for the cultivation of wheat, more - for barley and grapes, but especially for olive and figs, and therefore the last as in antiquity, and now are the main products of the country and Items of its export. Cattle breeding is significantly today, and in ancient times, attic wool used great glory. In the mountains, not to mention the Silver Minerals of Lavrion exhausted already, excellent marble is mined; The soil in many places, especially on the coastal strip, coming to the south-west of the harbor of Piraya and the Falern Bay and the footpit from the foothills of Kolias (now Gagios Kosmas), gives excellent clay for dishes, and therefore a pottery presented in ancient Athens the flowering branch of industry and His products had a very common sales.

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Helpful information

greek. Αττική.
english Attica.

Political device in antiquity

In politically, Attica was in antiquity the most centralized area of \u200b\u200bGreece.

The main city was not only the location of the administration, but the court, equally and the people's assemblies, in the hands of which from the time of democratic reforms started by Clisphen and finished by pericles, focused on the supreme solution of all public affairs.

The value that Attica was due to its main city of Athens, in the political and cultural life of ancient Greece, can be correctly appreciated only in connection with the presentation of the general history of Greece.

Administrative division in antiquity

The division of the people on 4 films remained both with the kings and during the archonds. Even the legislator of Solon did not cancel this unit, and in parallel with it, part of wanting to reduce the influence of ancient aristocratic genera, part to lead to a more equitable distribution of the applied burden between citizens, created a new division of citizens on grade 4 on their property.

Only Clisphen canceled the ancientionic division of the knees and put in his place the division of the people by 10 Phil, of which each wearing the name of the ancient andothic hero (eponym).

Each of these phil hugged a certain number of communities (demos) lying in different parts of the country.

Commodably, every not very significant area was a special "Dima", the largest as the cities of Athens and Buron, disintended several dem. The number of the demas was different at different times: - at the beginning of the Christian era there were 371.

Thanks to the writers and inscriptions to us, the names came about 180 dem, but the location of many is now impossible to establish. The total number of citizens hesitated, judging by the censuses during the heyday of the state, to the Peloponnescent War, in the range of 80-100 thousand. The number of huems stood under the auspices reached 40,000, the number of slaves reached 400,000, so that the total number of free and non-free population exceeded 500,000. Increase in the number of phil (10) two new ones occurred in 307 BC. e.

From the desire to flatter Demetrius, the lattes were named after his name and the name of the Father of His Antigone - Antigonide and Demetriad. But the first was renamed 265 BC. e. In honor of the Egyptian king, Ptolemya II Philadelph in Ptolomaida, the second in 200 g. In honor of the Pergam's king Attala I in Attalid.

Finally, at the emperor Adriana, the 13th Phil was attached and named Adriaanide named this benefactor of the city of Athens.

The section is very easy to use. In the proposed field, it is enough to introduce the necessary word, and we will give you a list of its values. I would like to note that our site provides data from different sources - encyclopedic, intelligent, word-forming dictionaries. Also here you can get acquainted with examples of using the word you entered.

The meaning of the word Attica

attica in the Crosswordist Dictionary

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

attica

in antiquity, the area in the southeast of Wed. Greece. In modern Greece Attica - one of the nomes (center - Athens).

Attica

(Greek. Attike), in antiquity region in the south-east of Central Greece. The political association A. Around Athens (Sinakism) occurred, according to ancient Greek legends, with Tsar, the process, in reality, this process stretched over several centuries. By the beginning of the 6th century BC. Athens received an absolute economic and political prevalence in A. (see Athens Ancient). In modern Greece A. ≈ one of the number of the same name (center ≈ Athens).

Wikipedia

Attica

Attica (, Ati. - letters. "Coastal Country") - the southeastern region of Central Greece, the connecting link between the Balkan Peninsula and the Archipelago, which is approximately 3808 km², borders in the north with Boeotia, in the West through Corinthian End - with Megarid and All Peloponnese. From the south is washed by the bay of Saronyikos, from the east - the Bay of Petalia and the Northeast - the Bay of Noyos-Evoicos of the Aegean Sea.

Attica (Prison)

Attica - New York State Prison Category Maximum / Super Maximal Security, is located in Attica, is managed by the Department of Correctional Services of New York. After the completion of construction in the 1930s, many dangerous criminals of the time contained there. In the dining and industrial premises of the prison, a system is installed, spraying tear gas in order to suppress conflicts. The prison is now contained by prisoners who leave for various times of punishment from short to life, as well as prisoners translated from other prisons due to disciplinary problems.

In 1971, a riot occurred in prison, during which 43 people died, from them 33 prisoners, ten officers of jailers and civil servants. One of the guards died from the hands of rebelled concluded in the very beginning of the conflict. The rest were shot at the prison storming by the Police of the state and the troops of the National Guard. One of the reasons for Bunta was the overcrowding of prison. The suppression of this rebellion was dedicated to the song John Lennon "Attica State" from the album "Some Time in New York City" (1972). To date, the prison is also overflowing. Part of the prisoners is contained in two in small chambers intended for one person.

Attica (Values)

Attica

• Attica - Area in Greece
• Attica - Strict Regime Prison in New York

Examples of consumption of the word attic in the literature.

The Council of the Amphus in Delphi continued to fulfill the role of the Supreme Court, but another, more advanced Council chaired by Philip, who was supposed to be located in Corinth, that is, between Attics and Peloponnese, and which was a real manager of the coalition.

Saw once Borea, rushing over Attics, daughter Erechtea Orifia and loved her.

What did with Attics Teze, - only the development of thoughts and ideas of Hercules.

The Great Goddess of Athena Lottzala on his covered in the middle of the majestic Athenian Acropolis, and he portrayed his dispute with Poseidon for power over Attics.

sights

The region of central Greece, located in the south-east of the Balkan Peninsula and washed by the waters of the Aegean Sea. Three bays approach the shores of this peninsula - Evoby, Saronic and Petali. A significant part of the territory of the peninsula is covered with low mountains from limestone and marble. Mountains are covered with coniferous forests.

Attica is the historic region of Greece, the capital of Athens is located on its territory, the legendary city of Marathon, the city of Eleusin, in which the residents worshiped Demetra, the port of Pirae. The first settlements on this land belong to the Neolithic Epoch (III Millennium BC). The ancient historians Plato and Herodotus wrote that the inhabitcies were autochtons - that is, not by the arrivals, and the original inhabitants that occurred literally from the earth itself. In ancient times, every city or area represented a small state, who honored his deity on the territory of attics. There were 12 such states, they combined them, according to legends, the king of the Teskey. The main city of Attica was Athens - the cradle of Greek statehood and democracy. Already in ancient times, the attic managed to nine elected officials, in the hands of which the executive, military and judicial power focused. In a year, these nine were transferred to the power to newly elected magistrees, and they themselves went for life in the areaopag - the body of the aristocracy. Athens themselves became the place of development of culture, arts, philosophy.

The attic climate is soft, temperate Mediterranean. The average temperatures in the summer is almost always higher than +30 degrees. At the end of September, the rainy season begins here, which lasts April. From April to September, the swimming season continues, the sea is warm up to August (up to +26). In winter, here, despite the positive temperatures, snow can fall out, almost immediately melting and not forming snow cover.

Transport

In Athens, an Eleftiios Venizelos International Airport is located in 2001, which serves as an air gate to Greece and at the attic in particular.

Inside attices can be moved on railway transport (electric trains) and long-distance buses. In the eastern and western parts of attices, buses depart from two different bus stations in Athens. The first is located near the Acropolis, the second - on the Egyptian Square. Ferries transport the islands and salamine tourists. One of the rapid ways to move in Athens is a metro with three lines, one of which is terrestrial. Athens also has bus express routes leading to the airport, city bus, trolleybus, tram routes.

Resorts Attica

Administrative attic is divided into four nomas:, Eastern and Western Attica. The most popular, both in terms of beach and in terms of cultural and historical leisure of Nome Athens. The suburbs of the capital are spa towns with the common name "Athenian Riviera". They are located along the coast and except hotels and beaches contain yacht clubs, nightclubs, golf clubs, have their own specifics. So, it is considered a resort for wealthy, lagones - for families with children. Specialization and vulgaria - Improvement.

Rest in Pirae will cost cheaper than in Athens. Due to the location of the port here, only one beach, but beautiful views and ancient sights of Piraeu guarantees.

Attractions and excursions

An acquaintance with the rich heritage of Attica will start with Athens and his sacred hill of Acropolis. The second name of the hill is kecropy, in honor of Kekrops, the first king of Athens. The Achropole also called a well-protected place and a settlement located inside this fortress. In antiquity in the Acropolis and was the main city. According to the legend, he was a residence of a gatherer of the land of Attica Tereus. When the cult of the goddess Athena was established in Athens, the temple was erected here in her honor - Parthenon.

The attractions of various eras are preserved on the territory of the attic. Heritage Eldlas - ruins of the ancient cities and temples dedicated to the greek pantheon gods. For example, at Cape Sunion, the remains of the temple of Poseidon are preserved on the shore. Christian monasteries and temples are preserved from the Byzantines. One of them is a Daphne Monastery near Athens. At the base of the monastery are the remnants of the temple of Apollo. Near the Mountain imitos surrounded by coniferous and cypress forests there is a Kaesarian monastery, also the Byzantine period.

The island of Eagina is visited to see Paleochora. She is called an abandoned city, but in fact it is a valley, in which the buildings of about seven dozen churches and chapels of the Byzantine and later period are preserved. It is believed that each of these structures was built in pursuance of a vow given to the salvation of a loved one. Relatives, wives of fishermen and warriors came to this prayer.

Salamin, even though it is called a "country" island, has places of attractions such as Euripid Cave, another ancient Greek playwright. It is at an altitude of more than a hundred meters, in the city of Salamin in honor of the ancient author annually passes the theater festival. On the island you can also visit the museum dedicated to the folk arts and history of the ancient fleet, the monastery of the pheroman and the old town of Ambolacia with the ruins of the Acropolis.

Wellness holiday

Lutraki, Vouliagmena, Sunion - Resorts where they come for the amendment of health and cosmetic procedures. Lutraki is a center of hydrotherapy, which specializes in the treatment of skin diseases, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system. Drinking from under the ground sources are saturated with radon, microelements.

The resort of Vouliagmena rose next to the lake of the same name, which is filled with water thermal sources. Here we treat skin problems, joints, diseases of the female reproductive sphere. Air is written with aromas of coniferous forests and helps strengthen the respiratory organs, the nervous system.

Sunion specializes in cosmetology using drugs based on local herbs and minerals. Here are also used methods using sea salt and algae.

Beach rest

Many attic beaches have the highest European reward for the purity of the sea and the shore - the blue flag. Many of the beaches are free. In the vicinity of Athens (the so-called large Athens) all beaches are comfortable - Faliron, Glyfad, rocket and others. The beach in Pirae is called Fatswalekia. On the west coast, the sandy beaches of Lagonissi are good on the eastern best, Schinias is found near the city of Marathon.

In Loutraki, the beaches are covered with small pebbles. This resort features a variety of accommodation: from five stars to low-cost family hotels. The Loutraki resort is also chosen due to the proximity of Corinth cities and Delphi with their famous attractions.

Beautiful sandy beaches are on the island of Aegina, lying in the Saronian bay. From Piraea it separates the half-day trip to the ferry. Another attic island, which can be reached from Piraea, - Salamin. This island is popular primarily among the Greeks themselves. On Salamina there are beaches, but few hotels.

Vacation with children

Entertainment for children in Attica is mainly in Athens. Perhaps it is worth starting with a sightseeing trip around the city on a sightseeing bus to get acquainted with Athens as a whole, and then go to the child who interests the child. Within the framework of cognitive leisure, it is worth planning a visit to the main Athenian attractions of the Acropolis and Parfenon, see the objects of life and art created by the ancient Greeks with their own eyes.

Further recreation may depend on the preferences of the child: animal lovers can visit the center of saving sea turtles and even feed them there, as well as visit the Attiko Zoo. Young artists will be interested in an interactive Museum of Children's Creativity. A visit to the Harimidos puppet theater can be combined with an inspection of Agora - an ancient city square located nearby. Young astronomers waiting for the Athenian Planetarium.

And, of course, any child is unlikely to refuse to visit the Athenian confectionery, the national garden with Park and Zoosad, the city park Flizvos, the Amusement Park Allou Fun Park and water parks, two of which are located in the Athens themselves, one in the suburbs, the third - near the city of Primimia 20 km from the capital. Not far from Athens is an adventure park with a rope track.

Activities and entertainment

Attica will offer a restless set of active leisure options. On the coast, this water sports: rafting, windsurfing, scuba diving. The ancient city of Megara is about 40 km north-west of the capital is known to extremal as a center of parachute sports. There is a parachute school here.

Mountain attics to tourists will be offered to explore on foot and with the help of SUVs: the routes are compiled in such a way that it is possible to see the history of this part of Greece, and the modern life of the inhabitants of small towns, admire the beauty of nature. Some routes are laid through ancient roads.

The footage of the Acropolis, the 156 meter hill in Athens, serves as a start-up of Acropolis racing competitions, which are held in early June.

Club life boils in Athens and resort suburbs, for example, in glyfade. Discos, concerts of world stars, parties and shows are held in nightclubs. Fans of gambling come to Loutraki - there is a casino.

During the entire tourist season in different cities of Attica are festivals. The largest of them is the festival of Athens and Epidaur in the capital. From June to September in Athens, there are performances and concerts, world stars come and Greek artists and teams are coming. From April to October, Acropolis is becoming a venue for light show dedicated to the history of the Greek capital. Eleusin becomes the venue for theater festival in honor of Eschylla, an ancient playwright.

Kitchen and souvenirs

Greek called Russia, and in the Greek itself, peasant, this salad is served here with the olives of the local variety Kolomat. For dessert - local fig. The stony soils of attices are best suited for the cultivation of olives and figs, and local honey herbs add their fragrances to the receiving honey.

Residents of this part of Greece prefer the AVGOL'MENO Soup with the addition of eggs and lemon juice, dolmatakia - a local version of the straw-fried seafood, acute pepper stuffed with cheese. From alcohol it is worth trying here, except for crayfish and a Uzo, a liqueur of a mastich, which acquires a special taste after adding a tree resin from the family of pistachio.

On the coast of Attica mined clay, so ceramic products here are above all praise. Souvenir trade is focused mainly in Athens. Very often come here for buying fur coats or leather clothes, jewelry. There will be a less costly purchase of natural cosmetics, herbal fees, ceramics, gastronomic souvenirs - oils, olives, cheese, honey and traditional honey desserts.

What is still to spend the precious time of vacation - to purchase a chocolate tan or the study of the uncharted places of our planet? It would be a pleasant to combine with useful! Such a rest is quite real, and in Europe. In the center of civilization and technical progress, it was possible to preserve the cultural heritage of distant ancestors - the beautiful coast of Attica, the Polinsular Territory of Greece.

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How to get

Attics easier to go from Athens, where regular international flights will take you from anywhere in the world. And then you can continue to get acquainted with the areas of this fertile part of the country using a sufficiently comfortable public transport system: buses and ISAP (electric train).

In Athens, the terminal of the suburban transport is at the address: Kifisu Street (Kiffissou), 100. Before you can take a bus number 051, which departs from a stop at the intersection of Zinonos and Menandrou streets (in the area of \u200b\u200bOmonia Square). The bus walks every 15 minutes from 5 am to 11:30 pm.

According to Attics, routes are serviced by KTel Attikis, in its conduct two bus stations:

• Western Attica - not far from Acropolis near the ISAP station "Fistaos",
• East Attica - on the Egyptian Square (the intersection of the Aleksandra and ul. Pations, the nearest station ISAP "Victoria").

Search flights to Athens (Nearest a / p to Attika)

Weather in Attika

In the attic it is best to go in August - October, when the sun is no longer a bake, but gently heats, and the fruits are already ripe.

Beach resorts attic

So, the ticket purchased, the hotel is ordered, you stepped on the ancient, hungry heroes of myths and the legends of the earth, and we proceed to the first part of our plan: tan, water treatments and languid nonegelia at the edge of the sea.

The ideal place for this is the so-called Athenian Riviera: Paleo Faliro, Glyfada, Kavuri, vulgmena, Voula. And immediately heats the thought that reclining, clarified by fragrant oils, you will be on the sands of the Apollo shore, the coast, which includes these areas. Get used to pathetic and slightly giving library dust by Greek names. Be sure that in most cases, instead of the expected naked rocks and ascetic huts, you will see luxurious yacht clubs, comfortable upscale beaches, expensive hotels and modern nightclubs, which are littered with this part of Greece.

Vulgmena

Glyfada

A great place for European recreation is Glyfada 15 km from Athens, with a developed infrastructure, a stormy nightlife and golf courses.

Lagonissi

If you relax with your family, it is better to settle in a small cozy resort town of Lagonistic on the shore of the Aegean Sea. The calm atmosphere, the sandy beach and walks along the shady lemon groves compensate for the lack of vitamin D and serotonin (mood hormone).

Loutraki

Strengthen the benefits of "Greenotherapy" for the tired travelers will help the waterproofs of Loutraki. The combination of a mild climate, nature and healing forces of mineral waters, of which you, like Aphrodite from Marine Foam, will be on the light of born, will allow the opportunity to restore the strength and return the sincere equilibrium. Water here for every taste: chlorine-containing, alkaline, radon; Temperature - +30 ... + 32 ° С.

Stage of the Cup in Triathlon in Loutraki

Sunion

But those who are chasing the novelties of cosmetology, it is worth paying attention to the Sunion resort. Here you can spend a lot of time, trying unusual intake and rejuvenating procedures using Greek herbs, colors, minerals, sea salt and algae. The body relates in the aquailixir hydrothonizing basin or a relaxing jacuzzi.

Popular hotels in Attica

Attica cards

Kitchen

Greece's kitchen is so diverse and colorful that every date with it will open with it new taste horizons. And under the Greek wine receptors will become even more sensitive. In a hot afternoon, it will help to cope with the feeling of thirst for the Greeks of Himos Portocali, fresh orange juice. Cost of cup - 2-4 EUR. Prices on the page are shown in October 2018.

The best way to get acquainted with the mentality of local residents is to spend even another in the traditional tavern, where the Greeks, open and warm people, spend lively evenings, preferring to television and homemade gatherings noisy communication and dancing until the morning.

Guides in Attica

Entertainment and attractions attractions

After the intensive course of solar baths and water procedures, confusing the forces, you can go to the second part of the holiday program - immersion in the history of Greece. To study all the riddles and secrets hidden in the ruins and monuments of the ancient architecture of this country, there will not have enough lifetime - so great the property of an ancient civilization, inherited by the inhabitants of the sunshine. But touch some of them, and literally, you can.

Athens

Shopping is very developed in Athens. Expensive pleasure will be in the Colonaki area, economical and practical - on Ermhouse Street, where the best shops of Greek firms are located. In stores Street metropoles you will find fur and jewelry. The shopping streets of Eolog, Patirasion, the Monastiraki district and Athenas Street, famous for markets and bazaars will not be mounted.

But antiques, souvenirs, handmade products are waiting for their buyers in the area of \u200b\u200bthe old part of the city, on a cry. At the same time, it is possible to eat here by choosing one of the numerous Greek taverns not far from the Lisicrat Memorial. To describe the atmosphere of this area, it is enough to imagine the Moscow Arbat or Paris Montmartre. Distinctive features: a leisurely endless stream of tourists, national music, coming from crowded cafes, antique bans with olive trees exhibited along the boulevards, atmosphere of a relaxed holiday.

Night sparkling panorama of Athens - awards to those who got to the top of the Likavitos hill, which crowns White Capella St. George. To save strength and time, it is better to use urban transport by purchasing a single ticket for a bus or trolleybus, or descending into the subway.

The cost of a one-time ticket that needs to be processed within 70 minutes from the date of purchase, 1.4 EUR, the daily worth 4.5 EUR, 5-day - 10 EUR. Trying to ride a hare risky, a penalty is too large for a similar prank - 60 times the cost of the ticket price.

Monastery Daphne

After studying Athens, turn an inquisitive gaze to suburban territories. 11 km from Athens there is a Daphny Monastery - a monument of the Byzantine religious architecture of Greece. His story is unique. Created as a sanctuary of Apollo Daphnia, the monastery took into his arms of Christian pilgrims, then used as a fortress wall and became a psychiatric hospital to top item. Now the renovated monastery has the status of the monument. You can visit it every day from 08:30 to 15:00.

Temple Poseidona

The second bright pearl in the attractions of attractions of Attica is the temple of Poseidon at Cape Sunion. Powerful gigid framed by slender columns symbolizes the harmonious union of the Earth and the sea. The victims of the Sailors and the rulers of Greece were brought to their patrons, believing in the connection of ordinary mortals and residents of Olympus.

Temple Demetra

Another recommended place to visit the temple of Demetra in Eleusin. Here in the ancient times there were mysterious rites dedicated to the cult of the goddess Demeter and her daughter Persephone. You can visit the museum every day from 08:30 to 15:00, except Monday and holidays.

Attica is one of the historical regions of Greece, which has a richest history, which is confirmed by a multitude of archaeological finds and historical monuments. And the geographical position of the region makes it one of the most attractive towards tourism and recreation.

Geographical position

Attica attracts not only by its history and natural attractions. This is the land on which ancient legends and myths still live. The territory where the attic is located in the southeastern part of Greece and is washed from three sides by the waters of the Aegean Bays: Sironikos from the south, Petalia - from the east, Nootios Evvoikos from the North-East. In the north, it borders with one of the regions of Central Greece - Besotia, and in the West - with Peloponess. The Attica also includes the islands of the Saronic Gulf. Mostly mountainous, especially in the north, gradually decreases to the south. Mountains Kieferon and a parnet, which are a natural border with Central Greece, are stretched throughout the region. They are a stony mountain ridge, only in a higher part covered with a coniferous forest. The largest of the counters of the Parnet are Pentelikon and Gimett. The lower spots of the Kiferon, which goes to the south, are called Kerat, and the southeastern branch merges with the parnas with a height of more than 1,400 meters and forms a mountain area going to the sea. In the south edge of this region, Mount Lavria is held, which ends with the southernmost point of the peninsula - Cape Sunion.

Plains and rivers

Between the ridges are valleys with rocky soil. The largest plains in the attic three:

• Athenian plain is limited from the North of the Mountain Parnet, from the northeast - a chain of Pentelikon, and from the southeast - Gimett mountains;
• Triatic plain, the most even, extends to the north to Kieferon and the Party, and from the east, the parties are separated from the Athenian Valley;
• the valley between the gimett and the chain of the mountains in the East is the most hilly;
• the coast at the expense of apparent lands was formed wide plain stripes, of which the biggest - marathon plain, the other is near the mouth of the asop.

Attica is one of the most arid regions of the country. There are no full-water rivers that could be used for irrigation. The most significant of them:

• the largest river Attica - Kefis, which flows through the Athenian valley, it originates at the foot of the Pentelikon and flows in the south-west direction, but most of the water volume goes to the irrigation of dry plains;
• another orssus river follows from the foot of the gimetta, but will soon be lost in the sands.
• another stream of Enoe flows through the marathon plain.

The attacks of attics are raised by a variety of picturesque and comfortable bays for navigation, the consequence of the development of navalism. Currently, these cozy bays and bays due to the warm climate are a favorite place of recreation surfers and divers, and the coastline is filled with magnificent sandy beaches.

Climatic conditions

The mild subtropical climate of attices is characterized by a long dry summer and a short wet winter. The average summer air temperature is 26-28 degrees, however, in July and August, the temperature can reach 38 degrees. Due to the low humidity, the heat is tolerated quite easily. Bathing season continues from April to October. In winter, the air temperature ranges from five to ten degrees of heat, but there are few rains. Such a moderate climate can be explained by the influence of air flows going from the Mediterranean Sea - in the winter and in the summer - cool winds from the northeast. There is no strong heat and winter colds of continental Europe.

Soil and natural wealth

Attica did not allow to grow grain here. Due to the stony soils and lack of moisture, the valleys were unlikely for agriculture, but still antique authors wrote that even though the bread is not growing on this earth, she contacters a greater number of people than if he has grown here. This will happen thanks to the abundance of a magnificent stone for the construction of temples and altars, as well as the presence of silver existing here in the will of the gods. And for the attic ships, it is an earth that has reliable marins where they can hide from bad weather.

Marble Attica

Mountains of attica consist of limestone and slate, as well as a magnificent marble, which began at once at the turn of 3-2 millennium BC. The ancient Greek temples, which were first built from limestone, began to erect from marble, which was mined on Pentelikon. From it, Parfenon was built. Penthelian marble is distinguished by its purest white color and fine-grainedness. He also wonderfully shines in sunlight, but turn yellow. In the construction of the Acropolis, a Pirass marble of dark tones was used. Another Eleusian marble of almost black color was mined in the Attika, a fine-grained gimett marble. This material was very highly appreciated and exported from Greece to the ancient Rome, where it was used in architecture and sculpture. In the reddish rocks of the Lavrion Mountains were silver mines, and the gimett mountain range was a source of excellent honey.

Pottery and agriculture

The reddish clay of Attica was especially valued, she was a good quality and convenient in work, so a well-developed pottery was well developed. Amphoras were made of clay - large pitchers with a narrow neck and handles in which they were stored and transported wine, olive oil. Clay used for the manufacture of tiles, pipes, barrels and many other business items.

Thanks to a soft winter, a dry fly and the abundance of the sun on the plains of attics, the vineyards were always well grew well, and vineyards were grown on the mountain slopes, so wine, olives, olive oil, figs were always the main products of agriculture and were exported. Attic wool in antiquity enjoyed great popularity, she is famous for now. Sheep, goats, as well as cattle are breeding in the mountains.

The origin of the inhabites of attic

Atticoors mostly belonged to the Ionian tribe - one of the four main Greek tribes, called named the legendary hero. Ionians along with Dorians are considered the main carriers of the National Culture of Greece. The entire population of Attica was divided into four classes by a generic basis, which were called philas:

• heleonts are noble, they were called "brilliant";
• goplites were warriors;
• ergademi - farmers;
• agikikores were kalpas or just shepherds.

Socially, Fili consisted of large clans, each of which was divided into several dozen generic families. Families in a certain order united in phratria, that is, religious groups with their traditions and rites. Such an organization did not concern the conquered tribes and their descendants, although they could also freely engage in crafts, trade or agriculture and had their own associations, they were called the Methek.

Athens: geographical position

Geographically attic divided into two main parts - the capital of the region and the whole country - Athens with its suburbs and the rest of the territory. The capital is named by the name of the Goddess of Wisdom Athens, which, according to legend, gave the inhabitants an olive tree. According to another version, the name of the city comes from the word "Athos" - flower. Athens is located on attics and are surrounded by mountains from the West, the North and the East, and from the southwestern side it has access to Saronyikos Bay. Currently, the city has already taken all the plain, but his suburbs continue to expand.

Antique democracy

Athens are not only an administrative center of the country, in ancient times the city played a crucial role in cultural and economically. It is here as a result of a long and fierce struggle between the generic aristocracy and the demos, such a form of government was born as an antique democracy, which became a model of national board. This unique form of state system has developed in Athens in the 5th century BC. e. And although at the next time, Athens passed the difficult path of destructive wars, the power of many conquerors experienced, in their history there was this period of high citizenship and freedom - democracy.

Golden Age Athens.

The ancient Athens arose as a fortified settlement on the top of the hill, and then turned into a city-state as a result of Sinaikism, which meant the association of attics around the Athenian Acropolis. This process took several centuries. According to the ancient myths, the association occurred thanks to the legendary son of King Egea - Teshe, who also introduced the division of the population of Athens on social sections:

• evapatris - childbirth to know;
• geomoras - farmers;
• demiurges - artisans.

The Athenian state has reached the highest heyday during the reign of the pericles - in the 5th century BC. e. This time got the name of the Golden Age of Athens. During this period, the main temple of Athena was also built - Parfenon, a unique monument of ancient architecture. The temple was built an ancient Greek Masters Kallicrat and Iktin, and beautiful sculpture compositions were made by the famous architect fid. The unusualness of the temple is that from one point of the facade it is visible from three sides, due to the fact that the columns are placed at an angle to each other. FIDI created both the famous statue of Athena from marble and gold. This sculpture is a masterpiece of ancient architecture.

Modernity

The political power of Athens ended with the beginning of the devastating wars with Sparta, and then with Macedonia. Further, the Athens fell under the authority of the Romans, after which the Turks came. For many centuries a fame of the city. Many monuments of history and architecture were destroyed. Only after the long struggle for independence in the 19th century, Athens again became the capital of Greece. Now it is a huge megalopolis with a population of more than five million people who again won the status of the cultural and political center of the country and with many historical monuments.

Piraeus

At the southern outskirts of Athens is the Piraeus - the largest port in Greece, as well as a large industrial center of the country and an important transport node. Back in the 5th century BC. E-annual product turnover was significant amounts. Thanks to the convenient presence of safe harbors, Piraeus became a transit point through which various types of goods were held. In the port there were ship shipyards, workshops, warehouses. Athens with his port was considered the most profitable city, as the merchants could get the merchants for the goods here, which was valued everywhere.

Attica sights

Currently, Attica is a popular tourist area with many historical and architectural attractions, as well as wonderful nature and magnificent beaches. The main symbols of attices are located in Athens. An invaluable monument of history is the architectural complex Acropolis, where the main temple of ancient Athens is located - Parfenon, the place of pilgrimage of a huge number of people. From historical sites in the vicinity of Athens, the Daphny Monastery is very popular. On a high cliff, the temple of Poseidon was built, from which the majestic ruins were now left. Fishermen, leaving the sea, brought a donation here - God Poseidon was for the Greeks the second in meaning, since their life was inextricably linked with the sea. In Eleusin, one of the most important sanctuary of the ancient Attica is the temple of the Goddess Demeter, who gave the Grekam grain. Holidays were held in honor of her every year in the spring and autumn. The Ghost Phalaiokhora is located on the island of Aegina, empty a hundred years ago.

The nature of Attica is also amazing and beautiful. On Mount Imittos there is a wonderful healing source, awarded, by legend, God Hephaeste. The thermal, which is replenished by unique medical properties, is replenished by sources at its depth, and an extraordinary doctor can rejuvenate the skin, cleaning it from dead cells. The endless coastline is covered with a lot of magnificent beaches, recreation and water sports facilities.

A wonderful place to carry out a comfortable summer holiday is Attica - photos demonstrate delicious nature landscapes, and enthusiastic traveler reviews are evidence of the popularity of this region of Greece.