Is there a Lochness Lake monster? The most famous pictures of the Loch Ness monster

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✪ Big Disappointment: The Legend of the Loch Ness Monster New Lake Exploration

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✪ Loch Ness Monster

✪ DOES THIS MONSTER EXIST?

✪ HOW THE LOCH-NESS Monster was filmed

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Legend

Filming of Dinsdale

The course of the boat, taken by Dinsdale himself for comparison, numerous computer studies, additional verification by Kodak specialists, and the very original JARIC conclusion itself serve as convincing evidence that there could be no question of a trace left by a boat.

Professor Henry Bauer, Virginia Polytechnic, USA.

Sound Scan

Disappointed with the effectiveness of visual research, those wishing to find confirmation of the urban legend turned to alternative search methods, in particular, sound scanning. The first session of this kind was conducted in the mid-1950s, and since then work in this area has continued continuously. Thus, the researchers learned a lot about Loch Ness, in particular, they calculated the total amount of biomass in the lake - a key factor directly related to the possibility of the existence of a large creature here.

In addition, a study by sound revealed the existence of a seiche effect in the lake, which can cause optical illusion and to which Inspector Campbell initially attributed the eyewitness observations. We are talking about the sudden emergence of powerful short-term streams of water, provoked by abrupt changes in atmospheric pressure. Such currents can carry large objects with them, which, moving against the wind, can create the illusion of moving forward "of their own free will." It is this phenomenon that experts explain the silhouette in the picture of McNab.

Film by Gordon Holmes

Satellite image

In the summer of 2009, a resident of Great Britain said that while viewing satellite photos on the Google Earth website, he saw the desired creature. The photo of the service really shows something that remotely resembles a large marine animal with two pairs of fins and a tail.

Latest research and myth debunking

A group of specialists from the UK using a robot called Munin conducted, according to the researchers themselves, the most detailed study of Loch Ness to date (April 2016). Scientists representing the "Loch Ness Project" led by Adrian Schein decided to check the information provided by a certain fisherman in early 2016 that there is a huge crevice at the bottom of the lake. According to the fisherman, she could well accommodate the legendary monster. According to the researchers, the robot, using sonar methods, was able to obtain a very detailed information about this section of the lake at a depth of 1500 meters. Moreover, the maximum depth of the lake reaches "only" 230 meters (this is one of deepest lakes Scotland). Nevertheless, experts decided to check the periodically sounding assumption that in fact it is deeper due to unopened crevices or underwater tunnels, Sky News reports.

No anomalies were found during the study, which means that there is no crevice in which the monster could be hiding. According to the researchers, this suggests that the Loch Ness monster, apparently, does not exist, but the robot, moving along the bottom of the lake, stumbled upon a fake monster created in 1969 for the filming of the film "The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes ". During filming, the model drowned in a lake due to the fact that director Billy Wilder demanded that two humps be cut from her, which impaired her buoyancy.

The last photo of the Loch Ness monster

Amateur photographer Ian Bremner, 58, has photographed what may be one of the most compelling Loch Ness monster sightings to date (September 2016). Bremner rode through the highlands in search of a deer, but instead witnessed a startling sight: he saw Nessie swimming in the calm waters of Loch Ness. Ian conducts most his weekend in the vicinity of the lake, photographing the stunning natural beauty. But when he returned to his home, he noticed a creature in the picture, which, he believes, may be that elusive monster. The picture shows a floating two-meter creature with a silvery wriggling body - its head flashed in the distance, and about a meter away from it the tail was visible, with which the animal rushing away was beating with a splash in the water. The creature was seen the moment it floated to the surface to gulp for air. The photo taken by Ian shows a long, snake-like creature that fully corresponds to the generally accepted description of Nessie, which appeared in 1933. The picture he took closely resembles some of the clearest and best known images of the creature. In 2016, incidents of "encountering" the monster have already been reported five times - including the testimony provided by Ian. This is the largest number of follow-up cases since 2002. Some of Ian's friends believe that in fact, his photograph shows three seals playing in the water. Over the years, 1,081 cases of observation of the Loch Ness monster hiding in the water were recorded.

The arguments against

The main argument of skeptics is the indisputable fact that the amount of biomass in the lake is not enough to support the life of a creature of such size as attributed to the Loch Ness monster. Despite the enormous size and abundance of waters (brought here by seven rivers), Loch Ness has a sparse flora and fauna. In the course of research carried out by the Loch Ness Project, dozens of species of living creatures have been identified. However, sound scanning showed that the lake contains only 20 tons of biomass, which is enough to support the life of one living creature weighing no more than 2 tons. Calculations based on the study of fossil remains of a plesiosaur show that a 15-meter lizard would weigh 25 tons. Adriant Schein believes that one should not look for one creature, but "a colony that would number from 15 to 30 individuals." In this case, all of them, in order to feed themselves, should be no more than 1.5 meters in length; in practice, this means that the lake is not able to feed the colony of creatures larger than landlocked salmon (salmon).

In addition to the above fact, there are a number of indirect arguments that also work against the version of the reality of "Nessie". For example:

However, the arguments do not convince supporters of the reality of "Nessie". Thus, Professor Bauer writes:

The footage of Dinsdale convincingly proves that a giant living creature really lived in the lake - at least in the 60s. Moreover, I am convinced that it exists here - or existed - in the singular. Another thing remains unclear. Everything indicates that this creature needs oxygen to maintain life. But it hardly appears on the surface. If we summarize the testimonies of eyewitnesses who described a massive body with a hump, fins and a long neck, then the appearance of a modern plesiosaur emerges. But the creatures living in Loch Ness do not come to the surface and spend part of their lives at the bottom. This suggests that we are already dealing with a descendant of a plesiosaur, which has developed over time the ability to remain without air for a very long time.

Proponents of the reality of "Nessie" refer to old legends, according to which at the bottom of the lake there is a network of caves and tunnels that allow the monster to swim into the sea and come back. However, the conducted studies of the seabed and shores indicate that the existence of such tunnels is unlikely here.

Conscious hoax

One of the alternative explanations for this phenomenon is that the owners of hotels and other establishments located near the lake used the ancient legend of the monster to attract tourists. Therefore, local newspapers published "eyewitness accounts" and photographs allegedly confirming their statements, and even made Nessie's dummies. Wilson's prank accomplice Christopher Sparling was Montague Wethorl's stepson and testified that people at the newspaper's office pressured Wethorl to obtain convincing evidence. Noteworthy is the closeness of the activation of the theme of "the Loch Ness monster" (1933) and the film adaptation of "The Lost World" by Arthur Conan Doyle (1925), which popularized cryptozoology, thereby creating fertile ground for the emergence of the urban legend about the existence of the relict lizard in Scotland. It should be noted that the "first eyewitness" - Mr. John McKay - was the owner of the hotel in Inverness, and in the film " lost World"There is a scene of a plesiosaur passing by a steamer and a small mise-en-scène at the very end of the picture, where a brontosaurus, having fallen from the Tower Bridge it has broken into the Thames, floats on the surface of the river, holding its head high on a thin neck and arching its back exactly as it is captured in the" photo surgeon ".

This version does not explain the early mentions of the creature, however, these mentions themselves, like most medieval legends, do not differ in accuracy and are not confirmed by anything. It can be noted that the biographies of a number of medieval Christian saints contain references to fantastic monsters expelled or subdued by them (for example, Saint Attracta, Saint Clement of Metz and others); it is possible that the story of the pacification of the monster on Loch Ness was recalled a posteriori, when the urban legend of "Nessie" had already formed.

Tazhbentaev A.Zh. one

Dontsova E.V. 1

1 Municipal budgetary educational institution "Adamovskaya secondary school No. 1 named after Mikhail Iosifovich Shemenev"

The text of the work is placed without images and formulas.
The full version of the work is available in the "Work files" tab in PDF format

1. Introduction.

Scotland is one of the parts of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, a country with stunning nature and magnificent sights (see Appendix No. 1). The official symbol of Scotland is a mythical animal called the Unicorn. However, this country became famous thanks to another mysterious creature.

The famous Nessie, the Loch Ness monster, lives at the bottom of the Scottish Loch Ness. This is exactly what one of the ancient legends says. For the first time they started talking about Nessie in 565 AD, when something in the waters of Loch Ness tried to drown the companion of St. Columbus. Millions of tourists come to Scotland every year in search of evidence of Nessie's existence.

In this research paper I will try to find answers to a number of questions: "Does Nessie really exist? Could it be just people's fantasies? Or a sensational discovery by scientists?"

Relevance of the chosen topic: Many scientists admit the existence of the Loch Ness monster, but fearing for their reputation, they are in no hurry to study this problem.

Purpose of the study: Conduct your own research that proves there is no monster in Loch Ness.

Object of study: Scotland. Loch Ness Lake.

Subject of study: Loch Ness monster.

Tasks:

Acquaintance with historical facts and eyewitness accounts;

Study of the results of scientific research;

Research methods:

Study of scientific literature;

Analysis of historical facts;

Comparison;

Description;

2.The main part. 2.1 More than a legend.

Perhaps, none of the existing animals on Earth has received such attention and fame as the still mysterious beast that lives in the depths of the Scottish Loch Ness. The Loch Ness Monster is by far the most famous of all mythical creatures.

The first chronicle record of the Loch Ness Monster dates back to the fourth century, written by Abbot Jonah. In it, he says that he saw a "terrible beast" who wanted to attack a person.

There is also a record that "a big fish with a snake's neck and head" lives in Loch Ness in the geographical atlas for 1325. Stories about the monster are recorded in other chronicles, which are now kept in the library of Scotland. But this lake became especially famous after a small sailboat turned over on Loch Ness in 1880 and went to the bottom together with people. The cause of this disaster struck many. Why did the sailboat capsize? In completely calm weather, almost calm. With renewed vigor, the ancient rumors about the “underwater devil.” (1) There was a brave diver, MacDonald, who decided to “give battle” to the monster. And most likely he simply did not believe the eyewitness accounts. The diver went down to the bottom of the lake, and when he climbed back, he said only one thing: "I saw this devil!" (4)

Time passed. In 1933, construction began along the shore of the lake railroad... They cut down the forest. Many people appeared near the lake. Almost every week he caught the eye of someone (see Appendix No. 2).

A year later, one of the enthusiasts - Mountain - decided to finally solve the Loch Ness riddle. He created two dozen observation posts near the lake. Within a month with a little Nessie, as the monster was called, volunteer observers saw fifteen times, three of them close up. However, these observations did not bring clarity.

That summer on the shore mysterious lake hunters for the unknown have found someone's tracks. Photographers witnessed them on film. In addition, in accordance with all the rules of forensic science, plaster casts were removed from them and sent to London for special research.

The zoologists' response was overwhelming. Yes, these are footprints of a large mammal. It is well known to science. It's ... a hippo! But how could a southern animal get to the north of Scotland? Experts refused to answer the last question.

Probably, the analysis of the tracks was not wrong. It's just that someone laughed evilly at the excitement around Nessie and fabricated a semblance of traces of a hippo.

After this event, the search for the Loch Ness monster was so ridiculed that for many years scientists and simply enthusiasts from science did not dare to do it again. Only in 1957 a book was published in England, which collected 117 eyewitness testimony of Nessie. "This is more than a legend" - the book's author Constance White called it. Photos of the monster were also published.

Public opinion, however, was almost unanimously wary of this evidence, to say the least. Zoologists preferred to remain silent. (1)

2.2 Common plesiosaur.

But events continued to develop. In the spring of 1963, a series of explosions were carried out on the shore of the lake. They do not stop for five days. At the same time, 230 people are monitoring the surface of the lake. And they were not disappointed in expectations. Apparently disturbed by the unusual, Nessie began to appear frequently from the depths. She was seen forty times over the summer! And they were filmed six times!

Now there was no time for jokes about the "gullible simpletons". Screened on British television, a documentary about Nessie made an impression.

The created commission, which included zoologists and lawyers, interviewed many eyewitnesses of the Loch Ness miracle with partiality. And she came to the conclusion: “We find that there is an unknown creature in Loch Ness. If this is an animal of an unknown order, then it deserves careful study. If it belongs to an already known order, then it deserves study on the same basis. "

Prior to these conclusions, an attempt was made to describe the appearance of the "animal of a known or unknown order" from Loch Ness, based on the available eyewitness testimony and photographs. The following emerged: the length of the body was about 18 meters, of which the neck and serpentine head were about 3 meters. One or more humps on the body. Rounded tail. When Nessie was seen on the beach, she had four legs.

What about such a portrait? If you believe the description, then it is very similar to the plesiosaur - a fossil fish lizard from the Mesozoic era, who lived in prehistoric seas (see Appendix # 3). Huge predators - their length reached 15 meters, their massive head reached more than one meter in length and was armed with sharp teeth more than 20 centimeters long.

And this beast lives in our time?

Even if we assume that the prehistoric lizard has survived to our time, then another question immediately arises: how could a sea animal be in freshwater lake? In addition, every serious scientist will say that it is impossible to identify an unknown representative of the fauna from the descriptions of eyewitnesses and a few photographs.

Nessie's study has moved off dead center. Zoologists are investigating whether there is a possibility for such a large animal to feed in the lake. Geologists establish the history of the reservoir. The volume of the lake is calculated.

The findings support a disturbing hunch. There is more than enough food for Nessie. The area here is enough for dozens of plesiosaurs. The lake in the distant past was a sea bay and became autonomous after an earthquake or as a result of land uplift.

The marine animal could survive despite the gradual desalination of the water. Mild climate, lots of fish, plankton, no enemies.

The mystery of the Loch Ness monster continues to thrill the minds. A new expedition is organized, this time consisting of physicists. Gordon Tucker has announced that he will use a new type of sound locator.

The spearfishing has begun. At a distance of 1200 meters from the coast, the sound beam detected something massive, but it remained motionless. Finally, the sonic locator catches the moving mass! The expedition made the assumption that they recorded the movement of the Loch Ness monster. (1)

2.3 Is Nessie Alone?

While the mystery of the Loch Ness monster is being solved, let's talk about its relatives. Judging by the same "popular rumor", there are not so few of them.

For example, in Yakutia, an employee of the biological team saw a huge beast crawling out onto the shore of the lake. The skin of the animal was smooth, bluish-gray, there was a fin on the back, the neck was long, and the head was relatively small.

In the summer of 1953, two geologists, also on the Yakut lake, noticed on the surface some living creature shining in the sun, which was swimming towards the shore. Its massive body, about 10 meters long, was dark gray in color, and had a high fin on its back.

If you ask people living in the areas of the Yakut lakes, then you will be told about the lake monsters that eat not only fish, but also birds on the shore.

A group of scientists from London, conducting observations on Lake Loch Morar, published a sensational report. The report contains 27 of the most reliable eyewitness accounts of the monster that lives on this lake. It is a large snake-like creature, more than 13 meters long.

Professor Vakhrushev suggested that not one monster lives in the lakes, but entire families. Many skeptics ask why, then, the corpses of deceased plesiosaurs do not float to the surface of the water. But it has long been known that crocodiles and some other reptiles swallow stones, which play the role of ballast. Therefore, their corpses can remain under water and are eaten by benthic animals.

In the middle of the 20th century, rumors arose about a strange monster that looked like a snake. He was seen in Lake Utopia, on the border between the United States and Canada.

Message from Norway, 1978: an unknown animal appeared here in one of the lakes. Residents of fishing villages claim that the monster is a descendant of a prehistoric fish or beast.

Newspaper report dated August 1981: “Another animal unknown to science lives in the American Lake Champlain. Residents of the surrounding places called him Champ, it was a snake-like creature, 5-10 meters long. (1)

So it turns out that the Loch Ness monster is not one of a kind or is it all just a massive hoax?

2.4 Modern research. Versions.

Did the prehistoric lizards still survive to this day or not? This question remains open to this day. Scientists all over the world express their assumptions and guesses, fantastic films and scientific television programs are shot, but there is no exact answer yet. The Scots are hardly interested in seeking evidence or refutation of the existence of the monster. For them, a monster is a reliable way to attract tourists who love ancient legends and tales.

Reports of witnesses of meetings with the Loch Ness monster continue to come in huge quantities in our time, but modern technology still does not help to bring humanity closer to the answer to the question - who is this underwater inhabitant.

In 2001, several dead fish of the Atlantic Conger family, which usually live in salt water, were found on the shore of the lake (see Appendix No. 4). It has been suggested that these animals were deliberately brought here from the ocean to act as monsters for tourists. (3)

In 2003, researchers from the BBC international group explored the bottom of the lake (600 instruments) using sonar sonars, but never found anything. Studies in 2016 also did not reveal anything. (3) Of course, the scientific world is full of mysteries, but many believe that all the data was simply classified, and in fact Nessie, an amazing monster with a small head and a huge body, exists.

On this moment scientists give several reasons, according to which, the Loch Ness monster is fiction. I will cover some of them:

1) Most of the supporters of the existence of the monster considered it a relict plesiosaur, but over 70 years of observations it was not possible to find a single corpse of an animal, as well as any fragment of the body, neither a claw, nor a tooth, nor scales;

2) In 2005, Neil Clark, curator of paleontology at the University of Glasgow Museum, compared the first reliable data of observations of the monster with the travel schedule of roaming circuses, and came to the conclusion that the locals saw not prehistoric dinosaurs, but bathing elephants (see Appendix No. 5 ); (2)

3) According to the Italian seismologist Luigi Piccardi, a tectonic fault called the Great Glen runs along the bottom of the lake. Huge waves on the surface of the lake, as well as huge bubbles rising from its bottom, according to the Italian, are nothing more than the results of tectonic activity at the bottom of the lake. All this, according to Piccardi, can be accompanied by emissions of flames, characteristic sounds reminiscent of a muffled roar, and also cause mild earthquakes, which are mistaken for a monster; (2)

4) According to electrical engineer Robert Craig, observers took the cases of surfacing of previously submerged trunks of the Scotch pine Pinus silvestris, in many growing along the shores of the lake, for the appearance of a monster; (5)

5) One of the alternative explanations for this phenomenon is that the owners of hotels and other establishments located near the lake used the ancient legend of the monster to attract tourists. Therefore, local newspapers published “eyewitness accounts” and photographs allegedly confirming their statements, and even made Nessie's dummies;

3. Conclusion.

While working on this project, I watched many scientific television programs, worked with encyclopedias and learned more about the Loch Ness monster. After considering all the material and comparing all the facts, I still believe that the famous monster in Loch Ness does not exist. Especially considering the latest modern research that hasn't confirmed its existence.

In general, not a single obvious evidence of the existence of an ancient lizard in a Scottish lake has been presented to the judgment of experts and scientists.

People tend to believe in something inexplicable and mysterious, to invent and conjecture something that does not exist. A log and strong waves can be mistaken for a living being, especially when you see it at a great distance.

Perhaps someday there will still be irrefutable evidence of the existence of still unexplored animals, but while the Loch Ness monster remains a myth, an undisclosed mystery and mystery for all mankind. Who knows, maybe Nessie is biding his time, and soon we will all open our mouths in surprise?

4. References:

Ermakovich D.E. “I want to know everything” / D.Ye. Ermakovich.-Publishing house AST, 2010.-156 p.

Internet resources.

V.M. Mezentsev "Encyclopedia of Miracles" / V.M. Mezentsev.- Main edition of the Kazakh Soviet Encyclopedia, 1987.- 288 p.

Nepomnyashchy N.A. "Loch Ness and the Lake Monsters" / N. A. Nepomnyashchy: Publishing House "Veche", 2002.-541 p.

Appendix # 1. Appendix # 2. Appendix # 3. Appendix # 4. Appendix # 5.

For the first time, the Loch Ness monster was mentioned almost 1,500 years ago. There is a lot of evidence confirming the existence of this unusual creature.

For the first time about the mysterious monster from Loch Ness was mentioned in 565 BC. After that, there were many stories of witnesses, videos and photographs, but even today it is not clear for sure whether a monster lives in this lake or is it a hoax.

Eyewitness stories faced with the Loch Ness monster

The Inverness Courier newspaper in 1933 ran an article about a married couple McKay who saw the Loch Ness Monster. In the same year, road construction began on the northern bank. A large number of cars and people appeared on the shore. It was at this time that Nessie began to be noticed especially often, apparently he was attracted or, on the contrary, disturbed by the noise.

Observation points were established around the lake, as a result, the Loch Ness monster was seen 15 times in 5 weeks. These publications caused a lot of noise and attention.

In 1957, a local resident White published a book called "This is more than a legend", it was printed 117 stories of people who faced the monster. In all stories, Nessie's appearance is about the same: a huge body, a long neck and a small head.

In 1964, a relatively clear picture of the monster was taken, it was photographed by the surgeon Kenneth Wilson, but in 1994 it was proved that the photo was a fake, and later the doctor's accomplices admitted this.

Back in 1964, Tim Dinsdale filmed the lake from above, and the shooting shows a huge creature moving around the lake. Independent experts from the Aeronautics Reconnaissance Center were able to establish the authenticity of the footage. The shooting captured the movement of an animated object, the speed of which is 16 kilometers per hour.

Over the years, this film was the main proof that an unusual creature lives in Loch Ness, but in 2005 these same experts changed their mind and stated that the foam trail on the water was left not by a Loch Ness monster, but by a previously swam by boat.

Scientific research of the lake

Such stories are hard to believe without scientific evidence. Back in the mid-50s, a sound scan of the lake was carried out, as a result of which 2 strange things were discovered.

On the lake, visual illusion can occur due to the formation of strong short-term water flows that occur due to changes in atmospheric pressure. These currents can make large objects move, which float against the wind, and it seems that this is a living creature floating.

But at the same time, a strange fact was found - at the depth of the lake there are giant objects that can rise, maneuver and sink to the bottom by themselves. It is still not clear what these items are.

It seemed that all doubts were dispelled by Air Force personnel in 2003, who completely surveyed the lake and found nothing strange. But in 2007, amateur Gordon Holmes placed microphones in the water to study signals coming from the depths. When he noticed movement in the water, he immediately turned on the video camera and captured a dark huge object floating under the water. The body was under water, and the head sometimes rose to the surface, and a foam trail remained behind it.

A few days later, these footage appeared in various television programs. After examination of the film, its authenticity was confirmed. The video shows that the creature is approximately 15 meters long and moves at a speed of 10 kilometers per hour. But this footage is also not true proof of the existence of the monster. It is believed that it could be a huge worm or a log, or just a light illusion.

What can skeptics say?

Skeptics believe that there is not enough biomass in the lake for a creature whose body length is 15 meters to live and feed. During the sound scanning, it was determined that the lake has 20 tons of biomass, this amount is enough for the life of a living creature weighing no more than 2 tons. And when studying the fossil remains of a plesiosaur, it was found that these lizards weighed 25 tons.

Adriant Schein states that not one creature lives in the lake, but a colony of 15-30 individuals. The length of these individuals should be no more than 1.5 meters, then they can feed themselves.

And for Professor Bauer, such a theory seemed unconvincing, he is sure that thanks to the photography of Deansdale, it is clear that back in the 60s, there really was a huge creature in the lake, and it was in a single copy. It remains unclear that oxygen is needed for the life of this monster, but it appears on the surface extremely rarely. If we take into account the testimony of eyewitnesses, then this appearance coincides with the appearance of a plesiosaur. But these creatures do not come to the surface, but spend a lot of time under water, which means that the descendants of the plesiosaur simply learned to live without air for a long time.

Local residents confirm the hypothesis about the real existence of the Loch Ness monster.

Different versions of the Loch Ness monster

There are 4 versions of the unusual inhabitant of Loch Ness:

• Most people are sure that a preserved plesiosaur lives at the bottom of this ancient lake, which has managed to adapt to stay at the bottom for a long time thanks to oxygen reserves.
• Many eyewitnesses who saw the monster encountered it in 1930. Meanwhile, traveling circuses stopped on the shores of the lake. In such circuses, there were elephants, and elephants love to swim, while they immerse the body in water, and lift the trunk up. It was they who were noticed by the locals, because at dusk it is difficult to understand what exactly is floating in the lake.

• Italian scientist Luigi Piccardi believes that there is a tectonic fault at the bottom of the lake, it is because of it that huge bubbles and waves appear. The scientist believes that due to the rift, flames can be thrown out, which are accompanied by sounds similar to a muffled roar.
• This hoax could have been created by hotel owners to attract tourists and increase prices for their services.

Does a monster live in Loch Ness? Of course, there is a lot of incomprehensible and unexplained here, but I would like to think that there are corners on our planet unexplored by people, where dinosaurs may have even survived.

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With a snake head and neck, native to Loch Ness, Scotland. According to legend, Roman legionnaires were the first to tell the world about the mysterious monster. For a long time, nothing was known about the existence of the lake monster, until in the spring of 1933 the McKay couple first reported to the newspaper about a meeting with an unknown animal. Driving along the road that runs near the lake, they watched as from the depths of the lake appeared an unknown huge size, resembling a cross between a lizard and a fish. The monster remained on the surface of the lake for no more than twenty seconds, after which it plunged under the water and did not appear again.

Since the construction of this road, which runs along the coast of Loch Ness, people have noted almost five thousand appearances of the Loch Ness monster. After the report of the McKay spouses about the meeting with the monster, local newspapers seized on the sensation that became known to the wide masses. After that, the revival of the ancient legend of the water monster began, which began to be called the Loch Ness Monster or Nessie. The Loch Ness Monster made itself felt again a few years later, when new alarming reports of a huge monster began to appear. Numerous witnesses claimed that they observed in the water column "the movement of a huge lizard", several times they found footprints on the coast, which a crawling animal could leave behind.

Scientists became interested in the Loch Ness Monster and began to regularly explore the lake with visual methods. But soon the effectiveness of visual studies did not bear fruit, and scientists went the other way - Loch Ness began to listen with sound scanning. The first operation of this kind was carried out in the middle of the twentieth century, and since then work in this area has continued continuously. The use of sonar scanning of water allowed scientists to learn many important things about Loch Ness, for example, they were able to calculate the total amount of biomass in the lake - a very important circumstance directly related to the possibility of the existence of the Loch Ness monster. In addition, the study of sound revealed the presence of a seiche effect in water, which causes optical illusion. This is the sudden occurrence of the strongest short-term water flows arising from a sharp change in atmospheric pressure. Such currents, dragging large objects along with them, create the illusion of the object moving at their own will. But scanning with sound also revealed inexplicable facts in the lake. Scientists have recognized that at great depths there are objects of enormous size, which independently rise and fall, moving under water. There is still no exact answer to the question of what these objects are. Confidence in the existence of the Loch Ness Monster still raises many questions. In fact, the Loch Ness monster cannot dwell alone at the bottom of the lake. There must be some offspring to live there, otherwise the giant would have died long ago of old age. But on the other hand, if, for example, a dozen of such monsters live in the water, why do people so rarely see them?

One of the most common and plausible assumptions is the theory that the Loch Ness Monster may be a surviving plesiosaur. This is one of the marine reptiles that existed during the era of the dinosaurs, which ended about 63 million years ago. Plesiosaurs were very similar to dolphins or sharks, and an expedition of scientists to the lake in 1987 could well support this hypothesis. But the fact is that about ten thousand years ago, there was a huge glacier on the site of Loch Ness for a long time, and it is unlikely that any animals could survive in the ice water. According to John Grant's reasoning in one of his books, the Loch Ness monster does not belong to the younger generation of settlers. The family of the largest marine animals, which arrived in Loch Ness several decades or centuries ago, has nothing to do with the family of whales or dolphins, otherwise their appearance would often be observed on the surface of Loch Ness. Most likely, we are talking about, which is rarely shown on the surface; in addition, eyewitnesses could observe different parts of his gigantic body, which can explain the conflicting descriptions of the monster by many witnesses.

Over the years, the mystery of the Loch Ness Monster has become overgrown with an incredible amount of detail: over the decades, a lot of documentary evidence, photographs of varying reliability, echo sounder recordings and underwater video recordings have been provided, but at the same time there is a huge number of fakes. Research will continue further, and perhaps the mystery of the mysterious monster will be solved.

Labynkyr devil

In the east of Yakutia, in the Oymyakonsky region, there is a small lake Labynkyr, about which there are many rumors and legends. According to numerous observations, including filming from a helicopter, a huge animal lives in the reservoir, presumably of relic origin. In the nearby village of Tomtor, locals claim that strange creatures inhabit the lake. Old-timers answer questions about the newly-minted "Nessie" eagerly, saying that there is some kind of "devil" in the reservoir that has been living there for a long time. In all the surrounding districts, the creature was nicknamed "Labynkyr devil". Since Lake Labynkyr is located in the northern part of Russia, famous for low temperatures, the surface of the lake is covered with ice for most of the year. Researchers have found that every winter, several large polynyas (called local "devil's windows") appear on the surface of the lake, and traces of some large animal appear next to the polynyas. Officially, science is believed that the inhabitants of the water depths are quite well studied, but practice shows the opposite. For the first time the topic of "northern monsters" was raised by the newspaper "Youth of Yakutia" in December 1958. And two years later, the diaries of the head of the geological party V.I. Tverdokhlebov, where the existence of a large animal of unknown origin in Yakutia was also confirmed. This post was criticized by many. One of the researchers at the Permafrost Institute suggested that eyewitnesses observed nothing more than a large catfish about five meters in size and weighing up to 300 kg. However, soon this version turned out to be refuted - it turned out that catfish had never been found in Labynkyr. In any case, according to existing scientific practice, such reports are certainly considered documentary evidence.

Scientists were interested in Tverdokhlebov's reports; as a result, several expeditions were sent to the lake, which, however, did not bring any convincing results. Cryptozoologists, in turn, put forward their assumptions about the natural origin of the "Labynkyr Devil": a giant mutant pike, an amphibian or a relict reptile. In 2005, the well-known TV program organized its own expedition to Labynkyr, during which it carried out a number of measurements and research. With the help of the echo sounder, it was possible to identify an abnormal crack at the bottom of the lake. A deep-sea TV probe allowed the expedition to find the remains of animal jaws and vertebrae at the bottom. We also managed to record unusual sounds coming from the side of the lake, similar to the roar of an underwater monster. The Acoustics Laboratory of the Research Institute of Oceanology has come to the conclusion that the recorded sound is unlike any known to science.

It was also reported about the appearance of a "devil" in the neighboring Lake Gate, but an expedition that went to this lake completely denied the existence of any monsters in it. There are very unusual stories about the monster among the locals. For example, one day a monster got out of the depths to the shore and chased a Yakut fisherman, who died on the run from severe fright. On another occasion, the creature swallowed an adult dog that was swimming after a thrown stick. But most often the Yakuts call deer the object of hunting, of which there are many. There is a terrible story about how a local reindeer breeder tied a team of reindeer to a tusk sticking out of thin ice. While he was making a fire, a loud crack was heard on the shore - the tusk fell into the broken ice, and something huge carried the deer to the bottom. Neither the team nor the animals themselves were found. In part, the existence of the monster is also confirmed by the fact that different eyewitnesses have the same opinion in the descriptions of the monster. They describe it in almost the same way - a huge dark gray body, a large head. According to available evidence, the distance between the eyes of the huge creature is more than a meter. Such dimensions seem incredible, but the find of a local resident helped here. A man accidentally discovered on the shore the jaw of an unknown animal with teeth, which was so large that a rider could easily pass under it while standing in an upright position. As of today, all data on Labynkyrsky, as in the case of "Nessie", have not found direct and conclusive evidence.

The Loch Ness Monster is a creature, according to legend, living in the waters of Loch Ness in Scotland. In this article we will try to delve deeper into history, learn more about Nessie, and also look at a few pictures, talking about their authenticity.

If we turn to the very depths of Celtic legends, then for the first time this creature was noticed by the Roman conquerors. The very first mention of the Loch Ness monster dates back to the 5th century AD, where one of the chronicles mentions the water beast of the River Ness. Then all references to Nessie disappear right up to 1880, when, in perfectly normal weather, a sailing ship with people sank to the bottom. The northern Scots immediately remembered the monster, and began to breed all kinds of rumors and legends.

The avalanche of rumors reached the point that one of the major newspapers even published a story of a married couple who faced a monster face to face. In the wake of popularity, a road was built here, many curious people came here to see with their own eyes the existence of the beast. The once quiet surroundings have become a bustling place, and the shores of the lake have always been filled with photographers and onlookers. A certain enterprising citizen even set up a number of observation posts along the perimeter of the lake. And lo and behold - within a month the Loch Ness monster was seen as many as 15 times


The excitement has grown so much that the capture of the creature has become on the agenda of the Scottish government. Then this idea was rejected after listening to scientists who argued that in fact there is no evidence of the existence of Nessie.

Among the subsequent references to the Loch Ness monster is the testimony of the English military pilot Farral, who, flying over the island in 1943, saw something similar to Nessie. But during the war, this was quickly forgotten. In 1951, the monster caught the eye of a local forester and his friend, and a year later, a local resident was walking on the shore with her son. In 1957, a book was even published, which collected all the stories of eyewitnesses who saw Nessie. The title of the book spoke for itself: "This is more than a legend"


But despite such a large number of eyewitnesses who saw the monster, only a few proofs of its real existence were provided. Among the earliest evidence is a photograph of a doctor named Kenneth Wilson, dubbed the "Surgeon's Photograph." In the course of detailed analysis, it was found that this picture is a fake. Later, the authors themselves admitted this.


Another famous photograph was taken by aeronaut Tim Dinsdale. During aerial photography, a trail was recorded left by a large, long creature. For a long time, this photograph, initially recognized as real, was the only evidence of the existence of the Loch Ness monster. However, in 2005, a detailed analysis showed that it was just a trace left by a sailing boat.


Subsequent studies, including sonic scanning of the lake and many other experiments, only further confused the researchers, revealing many unexplained facts, but clear evidence of the existence of the Loch Ness monster in the lake was never found. The most recent evidence comes from a Google Earth satellite image showing a strange spot that resembles the Loch Ness monster in the distance. The main argument of skeptics is a study that proved that the flora of Loch Ness is very poor, and there simply would not be enough resources even for one such huge animal.

Let's take a look at the three main theories behind all these rumors and talk about a monster living in a lake. according to one version, in those years when the largest number of claims about the monster were made, traveling circuses often stopped by the lake. And the Loch Ness monster is nothing but a bathing one. When elephants swim, they are most similar in description to Nessie.


The version of the scientist from Italy - Luigi Picardi, relies on a geological fault at the bottom of the lake, the aforementioned Great Glen. Due to tectonic activity, huge waves rise here very often, as well as bubbles from under the water. This activity could affect the raising of large objects from the bottom of the lake, which were carried to the surface, as well as cause strange sounds. All this taken together was mistaken for the Loch Ness Monster.


You can also call the version about the staging of this story by the owners of local hotels, who made a dummy of the monster to attract tourists. It's no secret that this place became popular only after all this hype with Nessie, tens of thousands of tourists poured here, bringing considerable income local residents... However, it is sometimes very helpful to believe in miracles. And even despite the abundant scientific evidence, some of us will still believe in the existence of the Loch Ness monster. Think for yourself what life would be like without such stories, without something mysterious and supernatural