Actions of passengers emergency situation (collision, coup, tipping) on \u200b\u200burban public transport
grouped, tightly grab the handrails, try to avoid falling
make your feet in the floor, hands in the back of the front seat, head turn ahead
leave transport through doors, windows, emergency exits. Leading help affected
items: located in the stralee fire extinguisher, brake shoe, hard diplomat, etc.; In the extreme case, knock the glass with a strong blow to the leg in the angle of the window, hanging on the hands on the ceiling handrails. Before the output, be sure to clean the opening of the windows from the remaining glasses.
With the smell of Gary, such measures should be recognized as required, as the time to build a queue leading to the existing exit, passengers may not be. In case of fire, urban transport is very fast. The nose and mouth in this case should be protected in advance with a scarf, sleeves or other material, if possible, mixing it with any liquid.
In the event of a fire in the cabin, let me know the driver, open the doors (using the emergency opening), emergency outputs or break the window. If there is a fire extinguisher in the cabin, take measures to eliminate fire focus. Select out of the salon outside nourishing, without touching the walls and metal parts.
When accidental in case of damage to the current wire, the most safe place In the tram or trolleybus - sitting. At the same time, the feet from the floor it is better to tear off, and do not touch the walls and handrails. It follows from the electric transport by a jump, at the same time two legs ahead, without touching the housing, so as not to close the electrical cap.
When falling into the water, wait for the salon to fill the interior with half, hold the breath and dance through the door, an emergency output or a broken window.
Actions of passengers in a fire in urban public transport
immediately report fire to the driver
protect your mouth and nose with handkerchief, scarf, sleeve
start stewing fire
open the door with an emergency revelation button or scatter glass
stand down vehicleBy passing forward children, women, old people
assist the victims
Actions of passengers when falling public transport in
if the vehicle is afloat, selected through the window
When immersing into the water, remove excess clothes
deep breathe and choose out through the door or window
if necessary, bulk the glass 126
help the children and can not swim
having noted on the shore to help the victims
Accidents in the metropolitan zone of danger in the subway
Turnstile
It is forbidden: jump over the turnstile; pass through
Escalator
It is forbidden: running around the escalator; sit down on the steps of the escalator and puts things on the handrails; linger at the exit from the escalator and create a pressure
It is forbidden: descend on the path of the metro; break the restrictive line at the edge of the platform; Get close to the car before it stops
It is forbidden: lean to doors; prevent the opening and closing of the doors;
open doors while driving and stopping
From the rules for using the metro.With the fall of people and items on the path of the metro, smoke, sunbathing and other dangerous situations, contact the station or train engine on the passenger-driver system.
When trains of forgotten, fearless and suspicious things and items are found in the subway and suspicious things and items, inform the police officers, employees of the metro or train machine.
Actions of the passenger who fell on the way
do not rise from the paths on the platform (high-voltage is laid under it
contact Rail)
if the trains are not visible, run to the beginning of the platform (there is a staircase)
if the train seemed to lie down between the rails, closing the ears with his hands and opening
Actions of train passengers when stopped in the tunnel
do not leave the car without a driver of the train "on the exit!" I will leave the car from the side where the contact rail is not running along the tracks along the rails between the rails when the train appears in the tunnel niche observe caution on the paths, when leaving the tunnel
do not with you combustible, chemical and explosive substances
do not include in the power supply of the Wagon Household appliances
with the smells of burned rubber or smoke appearance immediately refer to the conductor
with a real threat, immediately leave the car through the tambourities and emergency exits; In the extreme case, knock out undergraduate items (stairs - stepladers, rigid portfolios - diplomats, eliminated from the nests with tables and clothing shelves) window glass
do not pull to the suitcases, throw them; Your life is not worthwhile
Actions of passengers when crashing the train
go from the windows and doors
grasp for fixed parts of the car and step into something legs
car leave through outputs and windows. First of all evacuate the affected and children
in order not to get under step tension, go away from the way at least 30 m
publish the first medical care for victims
In case of accidents associated with a collision and emergency braking, most of the injuries people are obtained as a result of drops from the shelves. To avoid them or at least soften the blow, it should be, except for fixing baggage, remove unsafe bottles from the tables, glasses in cup holders with sticking out of them like daggers with spoons, etc. To adjust, especially on the shelves on whom children sleep. Mattresses from the outside or put the rolled blanket or unnecessary clothing under them so that a protective roller formed, through which it is difficult to join. Fully, before fixing, close, or open the door of the coupe, so that they do not cause injury in the opening of a hand or head with a sharp stop.
With a serious crash, you must immediately get out of the car (only, jumping out, do not fall under the counter train) and assist the affected passengers. Carefully examine whether there are no covered wires with drop-down wires: they can represent mortal hazards.
The fire in the train is not a flame, but, first of all, the poisonous products of combustion of synthetic finishing materials. Poisoning occurs in minutes. And with intense combustion - seconds. In order to avoid this in a moving train, go to the next car. It is advisable towards movement, in the street who is possible with a third party where there is no railway tracks. Do not disappear in all directions, since arriving rescuers will look for you near the web.
With a strong smoke of the carriage, close the nose and mouth with a rag with a cloth - a towel, pillowcase, sheets, a piece of broken clothing. In semi-empty cars you can move on your knees. Since the bottom (at the floor) smoke is less. There are situations where a moving train cannot be stopped. In such cases, it is necessary to act according to the following scheme.
put on yourself more clothes. Protect your head
jump along the train to the side where there are no pillars
try to land on your feet connected together
flocks and focate turn off the speed of the fall
Jump out from the moving train only in cases of direct danger to life!
The actions of the passengers in a fire in the train in the event of a fire
report fire Wagon conductor
wake out sleeping passengers
go to the front wagons; If it is impossible - in the rear; Tightly closing the doors
If the fire is cut off out
go in the coupe or to the toilet
close the door tightly and open the window
If the fire is impossible
stop train Stop Crane
open the doors, select the window
help evacuate for children and affected
exit the car, go away from it
After the accident quickly, choose from the car through the door or windows - emergency outputs (depending on the situation), as the likelihood of fire is high. Emergency exit from wagons serve quickly opened windows in the SM and 6m coupe from the side of the transverse shelves. Smash
The coupe window is only heavy infirred objects. When leaving the wagon through an emergency exit, choose the side of the railway track, where more free space, taking with you documents, denngigi, clothes or blankets. Once from the outside, immediately turn into rescue work: Help passengers of other coupe break the windows, pull out victims, etc.
During the accident, bottling fuel is possible. In this case, go away from the train to a safe distance, as there is a threat of fire and an explosion. If the cocked wire is turned off and concerns the Earth, remove from it by jumping or short chambers to protect yourself from step tension. The distance that electric strokes spread over the ground can be from 2 (dry) to 30 (wet) meters.
Check the knowledge gained by verifying your responses to tests with answers shown at the end of the textbook.
Leaving the plane through the exit released and inflated the ladder, you need, without stopping, jumping on it, and not sit on the edge, and then move down. Only a jump is achieved an increase in evacuation rate.
Leaving the aircraft jump on the ladder
Right wrong
Leaving the aircraft using a tarp route
try to wear a coat or a jacket made from hard-fated and hard-welts
think out what shoes should be put on; Avoid high-heeled shoes, but if you are put on them, and when evacuations, you will have to use an inflatable rescue ladder, then remove them when you leave the plane
with each takele and landing, make sure that the safety belt is tightly stretched from your hips.
know what fixed pose you need to occupy when an emergency landing; Watch what happens by the aircraft; If all indicates that the accident is inevitable, take the desired pose
know where the outputs are located on the plane and how they open
Activities of air passengers during decompression (salon depressurization)
immediately put on an oxygen mask
instruct the safety belt and prepare for a sharp decline.
Activities for fire in the aircraft
listen and execute crew members commands
protect your burns by closing the opening of the body
make and enjoy to get out on all fours
if the passage is blocked, move on top of the lowered air chairs
out of the aircraft, go away from it as far as possible Forced landing of the aircraft on the waterit happens rarely.
Action of air passengers with forced (emergency) landing for water.
put on a life jacket and inflate it slightly
take with you or put on warm clothes
take the place in the rescue raft
With a sudden accident, the crew and flight attendants have little time or it is not completely for the preparation of passengers and a passenger cabin to the forced (emergency) landing. Therefore, as soon as it became clear that the situation on the aircraft emergency and after a few seconds (minutes) will occur for a forced (emergency) landing, the FCC should file a team to the passengers to take a posture for emergency landing. For example, "Make and wrap your knees with your hands! Use soft things to protect your head and torso from shock! Gouping! "
This is a minimum that can be done to prepare passengers to strike at the time of landing almost in any situation.
IN civil aviation There are generally accepted security measures, according to which the plane, landing, when passing the turbulence zone, passengers must be in their places fastened by binding belts, while the backs of the chairs should be brought to a vertical position, the table is closed (fixed), and flight attendants must check the execution of passengers These security measures, which is included in their duty. Therefore, if a sudden accident occurs on take-off, landing or when the turbulence zone passes the command to take a posture for an emergency landing will be an additional security measure to the previously accepted and ordinary for each flight. After an emergency landing, the crew must act in accordance with the emergency schedule.
Actions of the crew and flight attendants at the accident on Earth
The action of the crew with an accident on earth is regulated by the RLE of the specific Sun (section "Actions in emergency situations"), but general provisions For all Sun are the same.
In the event of an emergency situation on board the aircraft, threatening the safety of passengers and crew members, in the parking lot, running, running before taking, run after landing, when there is no time to perform preparatory operations, crew members (including flight attendants) are required to take all measures for The immediate evacuation of passengers, without waiting for the arrival of the ground rescue team, and take them to a distance of at least 100 m from the nearest part of the aircraft.
As soon as it is established that the situation on the aircraft emergency (crew members must report the FAC on the appearance of smoke, the emergence of a fire or other deviations from normal conditions), the FCC should immediately give the crew team, including flight attendants, to act as an emergency schedule for a forced landing on land.
At the same time, the KVC should file a team of flight attendants to start the evacuation of passengers from the aircraft (after stopping the aircraft, if at the time of emergency situation was in motion).
In the event of an emergency in the parking lot (for example, a fire) at the moment of the absence of the FCM, immediately begin the evacuation of passengers from the aircraft. As soon as the situation is allowed, the FCC is obliged to directly lead the evacuation of passengers in accordance with the emergency schedule after a forced landing on land. The duties of flight crew members and flight attendants are the same as when an emergency landing on land.
In case of accidents of aircraft and helicopters, there are several main types of emergencies and therefore each passenger for personal security is obliged to very carefully read the memo on the rules of behavior on board the aircraft and salvation in the event of an accident during take-off or landing.
In addition, he must listen to the instructions of Stewardles on the use of oxygen masks and the location of spare outputs from the aircraft of this design.
Most air passengers during the accident, instead of using reserve emergency outputs, Packed panic and arrange a pressure from the main inputs-outputs. If you need to leave the airplane on the inflatable ladder or from the aircraft wing, then to increase the speed of exit, you need to jump on the ladder or to the ground, and not try to sit down and slip down.
The jump will save you up to half a minute, which is very important when fireing an aircraft or an explosion threat. Injuries and their degree of gravity with unsuccessful takele or landing depend on the strength of the blow. Particularly strong passengers are obtained in caseless safety belts. In this case, even the "conditionally soft landing" will entail fractures, bruises, dislocations and injuries, as a person will throw out a chair in the salon.
Emergency situations in the cabin
Decompression
Decompression is associated with a rapid air outlet from the cabin of the aircraft. Decompression is accompanied by a deafening roar and a whistle overlooking the air. The salon is filled with fog and dust, visibility drops sharply.
The air leaves the lungs, there is a ringing in the ears, the gases are expanding in the intestines, and it creates an extra, sharp pain. To avoid the deadly outcome of the suffocation and breaking the lungs, it is necessary in the first seconds of decompression to wear an oxygen mask located near each seat.
I feel bad or simply pressed to the nose and mouth oxygen mask does not always save from the loss of consciousness, so it must be put on it. To assist next to a sitting passenger or your relative, you must first wear a mask for yourself. Otherwise die, remaining without oxygen, you can both!
The action of the aircraft crew is an immediate decline to a height of less than 3000 m, on which the oxygen content is considered almost normal.
Fire in the plane may arise for several reasons. One of them is the fire of one or several engines. In this case, in the portholes you can see the flame escaping from the engines or turbines, on the wing of the aircraft, and at the very beginning of the fire, a thick black smoky loop coming out of them. Such a fire is associated with violations and serious problems in the operation of the aircraft engines and, as a rule, leads to the disconnection of engines and a forced landing.
In another case, the fire may arise due to negligence in circulation of fire in the cabin of the aircraft. Modern aircraft are made not only of aluminum, they carry a significant amount of synthetic and other easily flammable substances, such as plastic, foam rubber, foam and others. These materials are dangerous not only by their increased flammability, during combustion or drainage they allocate poisonous substances that, together with fire, spread through the cabin very quickly, while there is a lot of thick black smoke, which makes breathing and contributing to the orientation loss.
If the fire occurs in the aircraft engines or inside the cabin makes the crew forced landing. At the same time, the main thing is not to create a panic, but organized after stopping the aircraft to go to the main or spare outputs, following the established sequence (children, pregnant women, disabled, then all the others). In case of fire inside an aircraft cabin, heading to the main or spare outputs, the following rules must be followed:
in no case do not open spare hatches of the outlet of the aircraft where there is fire and smoke - it will only increase the fire and smoke of the aircraft salon;
do not take a manual sting with you - it will complicate your position and lead to a loss of precious time; Try not to breathe a poisonous smoke (often yellow due to burning plastic), cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or part of the clothes.
In the smoked cabin of the aircraft, it is better to make it better to the exit Clarice or on all fours, since smoke is less. Remember: smoke is more dangerous than fire! Protect your skin from burns, having wrapped in clothes and putting the cap, take care of your eyes, face and hands from burns; Do not stand at the exit in a long queue - there are other emergency exits;
if the passage is littered, then go through the chairs, lowering their backs;
The most important thing is to comply with all the instructions prescribed by the flight rules and not to become the cause of the fire.
Accident when takeoff
This is perhaps the most dangerous view Accidents, as the aircraft has when take off the full loading of a flammable, which may explode from the blow or ignite. In addition, the accident at take-off is a possible refusal of engines at a low height, which leads to a sharp drop in the aircraft. In such a situation, it is almost impossible to survive, although in world practice there are cases of salvation of one or even several people miraculously survivors.
Emergency landing
With a forced landing, an aircraft or a helicopter can crash into trees, a rock, split in half, to light up and explode. In the case of an emergency landing declaration, it is necessary to take a secure, fixed posture.
bend and tightly pinch hands under the knees;
head on your knees or tilt as low as possible;
legs to rest in the floor, putting forward them as far as possible (but not under the standing chair!);
at the moment of impact it is necessary to prepare for strong overloads that may have miscellaneous direction (and down, and up), so you need to strain as much as possible, as the athletes say, it is grouped.
The aircraft crew must:
evachable all passengers and crew members to a safe place immediately;
take with me group and individual emergency rescue;
provide the first necessary medical assistance to passengers and crew members;
prepare emergency radio stations and transfer a message about a catastrophe; determine their location;
prepare for use signal visual means (signal mirror, bonfires, signal signs);
prepare a platform for planting a rescue helicopter.
All the works listed above must lead the aircraft commander or, when he is injured, death, one of the crew members. After evaluating the situation, the aircraft commander or a person, its replacement, takes appropriate solutions. It distributes the responsibilities between members of the crew and the most active, not yielded to panic and falnial sentiments, passengers.
Their task is to organize a temporary camp, shelter from unfavorable weather conditions, breeding fire and cooking. It is most advisable to remain all at the site of a catastrophe or forced landing, which naturally facilitates the search and allows you to preserve the strength and health of people prior to the arrival of the rescue group. Such a solution is justified under the following circumstances:
when the disaster signal is transferred to the crew in the air or immediately after landing;
if the landing place is definitely not defined; If the terrain is unfamiliar and hardening (mountains, taiga, deep snow, etc.);
when the direction on the nearest settlement is unknown;
if a most of Crew or passengers are injured and can not move independently.
When making a decision to stay at the place of the forced landing, the commander of the aircraft or a member of the crew, its replacement, first of all:
establishes round-the-clock duty over the air and the surrounding area in order to detect rescue groups and timely feeding the signal;
organizes patients and wounded care;
takes accounting all available property and food and establishes the norms of their spending;
organizes the construction of shelters from adverse weather conditions;
organizes the search for water and food production using local capabilities (collection of berries, mushrooms, edible plants, fishing and hunting);
conducts the prevention of possible diseases associated with poisoning and various diseases.
The decision to leave from the place of forced landing is accepted:
if the emergency landing place is exactly known and the nearest distance settlement Nearby;
if the health status of crew members and passengers allows you to overcome this distance for the bright time of the day;
in the case of a direct threat of life (flood, fire, volcanic eruption, the spill of the ice field, etc.);
if the aircraft and people cannot be detected from the air rescue helicopter or aircraft due to thick vegetation;
if there is no connection and help within three days.
When making a decision on care from the place of forced landing, the commander or a crew member, its replacement, should:
distribute duties;
distribute water and products between the participants of the movement and establish the daily norms of their flow;
determine and if possible, it is detailed to develop a route in detail, apply it to the card and determine approximate time movements in stages;
prepare the necessary equipment, property and medicines that will provide autonomous movement by deserted locality;
prepare alarm and communication tools for the possibility of using them at any time during movement; prepare victims of transportation or independent movement;
at the site of the accident or forced landing of the aircraft, leave a note with a detailed list of all crew members and passengers, indicate the circumstances of the accident (forced landing), the health status of all crew members and passengers, the direction of movement, the departure time, lay out the arrow from stones or cutted trees, make Cubes on trees, etc. in the direction of the Group's departure.
Forced landing for water
The forced landing of the aircraft on the water happens quite rarely, but often ends with serious injuries, the death of passengers and the crew. It should be remembered that the aircraft can last suddenly and sometimes so smoothly and imperceptibly for passengers that they will take it for the usual landing at the airport. But it may happen that during the leading when the water strikes the water, the plane will fall apart and quickly swell. Wherein:
rescue vests and inflatable rafts in the plane;
rescue facilities are in one place and you are not able to get to them during the time;
there was a panic and it is impossible to get to life vests; water overboard ice;
on the sea, the storm, and the waves reach several meters high;
emergency landing occurred far from the shore in the open sea;
fuel, spilled out of the tanks of the aircraft on the water, caught fire.
In addition, it should be remembered that although airplanes have some buoyancy, but it all depends on what type of aircraft. If the engines are located on the wings - the plane will be in a horizontal position, if the engines are located in the tail of the aircraft, then it will float the tail down. Before sinking, the plane can be afloat from 10 to 40 minutes. But if it is damaged by the fuselage, then this time will be much smaller.
Crew action
All available rescue rafts on the water (inflated when dropped automatically, in winter it happens in 3 minutes, in the summer in 1 minute).
If the rafts did not inflate automatically, then the coat jerk, which leads to the cylinder of the gas filler system.
If the time allows you to grab warm things on the raft, as well as an additional stock of products and water, regardless of the presence of a rescue fleet of the emergency stock.
Make sure that there is no one left on board the aircraft.
Command with passengers on rescue rafts takes on the commander of the aircraft, and in the case of his death - the eldest in rank.
At the end of the landing in the rescue rafts immediately move away from the place of immersion of the aircraft (helicopter) to the safe distance, using for this oars and other healthy items. Then straighten and throw the floating anchor, which will reduce the speed of the drift in the wind and will not give the raft far away from the place of the accident, which contributes to a faster search for rescuers. In addition, an oil spot remains at the crash site for a long time, which also facilitates the search.
If the rafts are somewhat, they must be tied together with a rope at a distance of 10-15 m from each other.
Organize the search for people who can still stay in water and take steps to their raft.
Organize the collection of all items found in water, as they can come in hand in the future.
If there is a radio station, immediately pass the disaster signal and turn it into a lighthouse mode (instructions for the use of an emergency radio station are applied on its package, and no special skills are required for its use).
"Encyclopedia of survival" Chernysh I. V.
(Scheme 60) Remember that on board the greatest danger is smoke, not a fire. Breathe only through cotton or woolen elements of clothing, if possible with water moistened. Breaking through to the exit, move nourishing or on all fours, as the bottom of the salon is smaller. Protect open areas of body from direct fire exposure using existing clothes, blankets, etc.
After landing and stopping the aircraft, immediately head to the nearest exit, as the probability of the explosion is high. If the passage is lit up, sneak through the chairs, lowering their backs. When evacuating, get rid of hand luggage And avoid the output through the hatches, near which there is an open fire or a strong sluffiness. After leaving the plane, remove from it as far as possible and lie on the ground, pressed my head with my hands - an explosion is possible.
Forced landing of the aircraft on the waterit happens rarely. Before sinking, the plane can be afloat from 10 to 40 minutes. However, if the fuselage is damaged, this time is significantly less.
Airplanes, whose engines are located on the wings will be afloat in a horizontal position, and those whose two or more engines are on the tail, will float the tail part down.
When drivening, which is always unexpected, there is practically no time to prepare. In one case, the plane can touch the surface as smoothly, which is incomprehensible, it landed it or driven, in the other - it can fall apart and quick to sink. Therefore, when driven, it is necessary to act on the commander of the crew or flight attendant (Scheme 61), i.e. Wear a life jacket and inflate it, take with you or put on warm clothes and go to the exit, specified by the airconductor, for planting a rescue raft.
After a forced landing on the water, rescue rafts are descended. The time to bring the fleet to the working condition is approximately 1 min in the summer and 3 minutes in winter. If the leading occurred during the cold season, you need to take more warm things on the raft. We should not forget about the reserve of water and food. In a set of the fleet there is an emergency reserve, which may not be enough if the swimming is long. The commander of the aircraft crew commander is assumed by all passengers on the water.
Using oars and rented items, you need to move away from the place of immersion of the aircraft. After that, straighten and quit the floating anchor overboard, which will reduce the drift drift speed in the wind and will hold back in the accident area.
Check the knowledge gained by verifying your responses to tests with answers shown at the end of the textbook.
36. How to leave after an emergency landing to leave the aircraft through the output with the released and inflated lady:
a) without stopping, jump on the ladder and move down;
b) without stopping, sitting on the edge of the ladder and move down;
b) to stay before the ladder, sit down on it and move down. |
37. When an aircraft emergency landing is necessary:
a) folded on the stomach, bend and squeeze my legs;
b) put on a life jacket, rub the back of the front seat, and hold the head between the knees;
c) bend, tilt the head as low as possible and cover it with your hands, lay down on the back of the front seat.
38. You fly on the plane. The flight attendant reported on board on board and the upcoming forced landing. Your actions after a forced landing provided that the aircraft salon smashed, the fire is visible in some places, the passage to evacuation exit is not blocked:
a) immediately put the oxygen mask, protect the body from burns and you will wait for rescuers;
b) Protect your burns by closing open parts of the body, feed back and crash to the output on all fours, covering the mouth and nose with a handkerchief or elements of clothing, moistened with liquid; Once by side, quickly move away from the aircraft;
c) ask the berthrutrice to bring a bottle with mineral water, on the backs of the chairs we run to the exit, pouring yourself to the water on the go, being overboard, we will wait around the aircraft in case your help is needed.
39. The plane made a forced landing on the water. You need:
a) put on a life jacket and inflate it, take with you or put on warm clothes, go to the exit for landing in a rescue raft;
b) take a rescue vest and warm clothes with you, go to the exit, go down to the rescue raft, put on warm clothes and a life jacket;
c) wear and inflate the life jacket, take the stock of products, go to the next salon and wait for the help of the flight attendant.
40. With a violation of hermetic in the aircraft, it is necessary:
a) fasten the safety belt and, closing his head with his hands, lean forward;
b) immediately put on an oxygen mask, fasten the safety belt and prepare for a rapid decline;
c) fasten the seat belt, helping the neighbors, put the oxygen mask.
The technique of landing with well-operating engines and helicopter systems does not differ from landing on a good helicopter.
Depending on the conditions and place of landing (airfield or playground), the type of landing (with mileage or by helicopter) is selected.
The technique of landing with one or two refused (off) engines is set forth in pp.6.6. and 6.7. of this section.
Evacuation of people transported and leaving the helicopter members of the crew.
FCC:
Give a command to turn off the engines to stop cranes, close fire cranes, extract an emergency radio station and an emergency radio beacon (if available);
Estimate the situation and the position of the helicopter, lead the evacuation
transported people, crew members;
Leave the helicopter after the completion of the evacuation of people and other members
To provide first assistance to victims;
Take. Measures to establish communication with the nearest airfield when landing outside the airfield and report on the consequences of landing, planting coordinates.
A WARNING. Return to the helicopter to all crew members is prohibited until it is confidence in the impossibility of fire or explosion.
Second pilot actions:
If the doors in the cargo cabin are not open, leave the helicopter through its blister;
Take part in the evacuation of people transported;
Render the first help victim.
Filmmeryk actions:
On the KVS team to establish stop cranes in the closed position
(turn off the engines), close fire cranes;
De-energize the helicopter, turn off the batteries;
Proceed to the evacuation of transported people through the door of the cargo cabin or through emergency hatches;
After the complete evacuation of the transported people to leave the helicopter;
Assist the victims.
Emergency drive.
General instructions.
Before flying over the water surface, people are on board ,
must explore the rules for the use of rescue equipment available on a helicopter, in case of emergency leading.
Each crew member is obliged to know perfectly with his duties when
leaving a helicopter on the water.
The main task of the crew, in the event of an emergency leading, is
ensuring the safety of the evacuation of people and the crew.
The commander of the helicopter, performing flights above the aqueous surface, should be read to emergency leaving of the pilot cockpit when the helicopter is immersed in water.
All members of the helicopter crew must be read-to-use
individual and group rescue floats, as well as to the evacuation of people.
Before emergency drive, the crew must:
Immediately report the service of the ATC about the upcoming leading;
With engine running engines, perform an emergency decrease before hanging at an altitude of 0.5-1 m, and in the presence of an emergency engine system - planting water;
After hanging (landing), ensure a quick evacuation from the helicopter of people using the existing rescue.
When flying over the water surface on board the helicopter should be:
Rescue vests of each crew member and people transported;
- rescue rafts;
Emergency stock of water and food, radiocommunication emergency tools and alarm systems.
Notes:
1. When flying from the coast of no more than 25 km on board a helicopter can only be life jackets Each crew members and transported people, rescue vests must be put in front of the flight. The report of the Department of Internal Affairs must submit immediately the emergence of an emergency on board, as in the future it may not be enough time for this.
2. In the absence of a type of helicopter, its function
are resting on the b / m.
3. If there is a SSU helicopter, depending on the timeletmalgable time, the FCC should contact passengers based on the following standard text:
"Dear passengers!
The aircraft commander is referred to you. For technical reasons, we have to have a forced drive about _____ minutes. On board there is a rescue equipped; Terrestrial search and rescue services are informed. Stay in your places, keep calm and accurately follow the guidelines and other crew members.
For 5-10 seconds, the command will be followed by the command: "Attention, leading".
4. Depending on the disposable time after receiving information about the upcoming emergency drive from the CCC, the Used should contact the passengers based on the following standard text:
"Dear passengers!
Says a flight attendant. I urge you to calm and please do the following:
Immediately release the passages and take our places in the chairs;
Loosen the ties and unbutton collars;
Put inserting jaws, glasses, sharp. Delivers in clothes pockets;
Soft things to laid so that the head is protected;
Button and tighten the tight belts, tightly moved to the back of the chair;
On the team "Attention, leading" group your body;
After a complete stop or helicopter hang, unbutton the belts and evacuate from the helicopter, following the instructions of the crew members.
Crew action.
6.10.2.1. Deployed Emergency Control Card
"Action of the crew before handing in the absence of an emergency system
announcement. "
* (1) Signal disaster, emergency lighting and scoreboard "Exit" -
include - FCC.
* (2) service of the ATC on emergency and measures taken -
report qCC, 2 / p.
DISASTER. DISASTER. DISASTER.
I make a forced landing (place with open text).
Reason for landing __________
Flight mode (course, height) __________________
Requires help (what) _________________
On board _______ man.
* (3) to the lead - to prepare - qC, 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
FCS give an indication of a used or used, if available, check, all people have rescue vests on all people.
* (4) Blisters, hatches, doors, squeezed windows - reset, internal doors - open, fix - qC, 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
All crew members on their workplaces reset blisters, hatch covers, front door. If there are squeezed windows, using a handle located by the window, pull out the locking profile and push out the outside window. Open and fix the door in the open position to the crew cockpit and, if you have, in the passenger interior.
B / m and b / p make sure that all people transported are in their places and are fastened, after resetting the entrance door to take their jobs and fastened with the belt belt.
* (5) Reduction and freezing - execute - KVC, 2 / p.
FCS perform hanging over water at a height of 0.5-1 m.
If possible, hang closer to the coastal line.
* (6) Group rescue remedies - actuate - 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
2 / p, b / m and b / p. Switch to the cargo (passenger) cabin, capturing with you an emergency radio station and radio beacon (if available), reset group rescue floats (rafts), pre-fastening them for the elements of the helicopter design, The need to lead them to the working position (deploy, turn it over).
* (7) Evacuation of people - perform - 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
2 / P, b / m and b / p to ensure the transition of people in a helicopter in group rescue flooders, and in their absence - leaving the helicopter people with intelligent individual flooders. FCC perform a stable whistle.
* (8) On the end of the evacuation of the CCC - to report - b / m, 2 / p, b / p.
B / m, 2 / p and b / p Making sure that there is no left on board the helicopter
people, to report the sacc on the end of evacuation.
* (9) Command b / m, 2 / p, b / p about leaving the helicopter - to file - the FCC.
FCC, taking a report from b / m, 2 / p about the end of the evacuation of people, give them a team to leave the helicopter.
* (10) On the completion of the evacuation of people, b / m, 2 / p, b / p - make sure the FCC.
FAC through his blister visually make sure that people, b / m, 2 / p, b / n are out of helicopter.
* (11) A helicopter for a safe distance from the Plavstunctions - Move - FCC.
FCC Move the helicopter as possible at a distance of 50-100 m away from people on water.
Note. Under the wind, over 3 m / s movement of the helicopter from the people on the water, it is recommended to perform against the wind (in the underwear side).
* (12) Helicopter - Drive - FCC.
The FCC lead the helicopter vertically with the transfer to the right roll when ticking the fuselage about water.
* (13) Engines - Turn off - KVC.
FCS Turn off both engine cranes during touabling fuselage about water.
FCC leave the helicopter after stopping the HV.
Warnings:
1. In the case of a helicopter with one non-operating engine, it is necessary to act in accordance with the recommendations of Section 6.7, hold the helicopter on the horipon, using the power of the operating motor up to emergency.
2. In the case of a leading with two non-working engines, water landing is performed on the NV self-pricing mode in accordance with the recommendations of section 6.6, with the minimum possible transmission speed. At the same time, the safe leaving of the helicopter, which is not provided on board.
6.10.2.2. Deployed Emergency Control Card
"Crew actions before the helicopter, equipped with a system
emergency Owner. "
* (1) In the presence of flight speed less than 150 km / h - make sure that the FCC.
FCC and 2 / Ps must make sure that the flight speed is pointer
does not exceed 150 km / h.
* (2) Switch Inflating floats - Enable - FCC.
FCM when flying over the water surface turn on the switch
Inflatable floats on the left arm-gas lever and control the filling of floats to illuminate the boards of inflatation of floats, visually and on the 2 / p report. 2 / p visually make sure filling the right side floats and report the FCS on their filling.
* (3) Signal disaster, emergency lighting and scoreboard "Exit" -
include - FCC.
* (4) service of the ATC on emergency and proxicated measures -
report qCC, 2 / p.
FAC or on his command 2 / prnue report the emergency response in accordance with the type text:
DISASTER. DISASTER. DISASTER.
I (type helicopter, call sign or on-board number),
I make a forced landing (open text),
Reason for landing ______________
Flight mode (course, height) _________________
Requires help (what) _______________
On board ______ people.
* (5) Wiper cleaners - turn on - FCC, 2 / p.
FCC and 2 / P, or by team KVS b / m, turn on wipers.
* (6) To the lead - to prepare - qC, 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
FCS give an indication of b / m or b / p, if available , check, all people have rescue vests on all people, whether everyone transported people are in their places and are fastened with binding belts.
* (7) Reduction and planting on water - Run - KVC, 2 / p.
FCC Perform a decline and landing for water as opposed to
wind, with the minimum possible progressive and vertical
speeds (preferably vertical decrease) along the front of the waves, closer to the coastal line.
* (8) Engines - Turn off - KVC, b / m.
FAQ or on his team b / m Stay cranes to establish in the closed position, close fire cranes and turn off all fuel pumps.
* (9) blisters, hatches, doors, squeezed windows - reset, internal doors - open, fix - qC, 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
All crew members on their workplaces reset blisters, hatch covers, front door. If there are squeezed windows, using a handle located by the window, pull out the locking profile and push out the outside window. Open and fix the door in the open position to the crew cockpit and, if you have, in the passenger interior. B / m and b / p make sure that all people transported are in their places and are fastened, after resetting the entrance door to take their jobs and fastened with the belt belt.
* (10) Group Rescue -
purify - qCC, 2 / p, b / m, b / p.
FCC, 2 / P, b / m and b / p. Switch to the cargo (passenger) cabin by taking with it an emergency radio station and a radio beacon (if available), group rescue floats (rafts) lead to action, pre-consolidating their fools for elements The design of the helicopter, if necessary, lead them into the working position (deploy, flip).
* (11) The evacuation of people is to perform - KVC, 2 / P, b / m, b / p.
FCC, 2 / P, b / m and b / p Ensure the transition of people in a helicopter to group rescue floats, and in their absence - leaving the helicopter with rigorous individual plascases.
* (12) On the end of the evacuation of the CCC - to report - b / m, 2 / p, b / p.
B / m, 2 / P and b / p Making sure that there are no people aboard the helicopter, to report the sacc on the end of evacuation.
* (13) At the end of the evacuation of people, b / m, 2 / p, b / p - make sure that the FCC.
FCS make sure that people, b / m, 2 / p, b / n are outside the helicopter.
* (14) Helicopter - leave - FCC.
FCS leave the helicopter, if possible, de-energized it off with batteries,
Warnings:
1. In cases where the emergency transmission is performed
In close proximity to the coastal feature, or foreign rescue tools (ships, MBU, etc.), the water surface is allowed, if it leads to a safer leaving of the helicopter with passengers. The speed of taxi should be chosen depending on the state of the water surface (balney) and the behavior of floats, inclined to loss of the form and the conveyance, when the speed is exceeded 15 km / h.
In other cases, taxiing should be avoided.
2. Inflated Front floats distort the indications of the speed pointers, in this when the helicopter is braking before handling the passage of the speed of 4О-30 km / h should be monitored by the emergence of the "Shaking" mode.
3. In case of emergency drive at night, using the headlights, it should be borne in mind that the aqueous surface begins to be viewed from a height of about 30 m, and at least 20 m at heights due to the reflection of the light of a water-raised spray raised by the NV stream, the light screen occurs, Which worsens visibility from the cockpit of pilots.
In this case, the direction of light headlights should be held
Inside the light screen (closer to the helicopter) on the plot, where the water surface is viewed.
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