Chistopure Boulevard History. Pistochny Boulevard and Luggles

One of the most interesting facade of buildings in Moscow - former profitable house with the temple of the Trinity on Mud Or, how he was painted in common, house with beasts -located on Chistoprudny Boulevard.

The construction of the beginning of the 20th century, made in the style of modernity, has gained its fame due to the unique terracotta bas-reliefs of fantastic animals, adorning the plane of the walls of the third and fourth floors. On the facade you can see the owls and ducks, griffins, dragons, lions, chimer, unusual plants and flowers, and some creatures are difficult to even pick up the name. The bas-reliefs were performed by Arteel Artel "Muraba" according to the sketches of the Moscow artist Sergey Vashkov, the student Vasnetsov and one of the recognized masters of the Moscow modern. They appeared not by chance - whales, being a specialist in the field of religious art, was admired by medieval bas-reliefs on the walls of the Dmitrievsky Cathedral of the city of Vladimir: his facade decorate about 600 bar-reliefs depicting saints, as well as real and mythical animals. They became a prototype of the mythical creatures that settled the facade of an income home - the artist did not copy them, but rethought and "adapted" under the architecture of the beginning of the 20th century: creatures became noticeably larger, and their drawing has become more grotesque and ironic, which was characteristic of modern that time.

Interestingly, after the end of the construction of the house, Sergey Vashkov and settled himself.

The house was built in 1908-1909 for the project of the architect Lion Kraveksky and the construction engineer Peter Mikini. The money for the construction of the building gave the church - he was erected as an income house at the Temple of the Trinity of the Liberal on the mud at the Pokrovsky Gate, and it was planned that part of the apartments would be allocated for living in need of parishioners, and the rest will pass in the challenge to profit. Initially built on the original project the house was 4-storey, but after the Great Patriotic War, In 1945, he was rebuilt on the project of architect B.L. Topaz and acquired a height of 6-7 floors. The top row of bas-reliefs was destroyed, but in general the mythical gestary was well preserved. The last changes in the appearance of the house occurred in the 2000s: it was then that he acquired the current pale bluish-green color, and the bas-reliefs were concerned.

To date, the building has the status of an object cultural heritage regional importance.

By the way, see how the house with beasts looked before the reconstruction, you can in the wonderful Soviet film "Podlidysh" (1939) - the adventures of Natasha lost in Moscow began just with the exit from his entrance.

Well, and see how the building looks now, it is possible to live: enough to come to pure ponds - Pistochny Boulevard, house 14.

Historical and, how to say, atmospheric place for a walk in the center of Moscow - pure ponds. The labyrinth of the streets with old houses and signs on them names of people who were born, created masterpieces or just stayed here for a while, form a kind of museum under open sky. So everything here is permeated with the spirit of history and creativity. Well, ahead: I am moving to the metro station "Clean ponds" and here they are, protected spiritual places, stretch from meat to the Pokrovskaya Square.

History of pure ponds

There are several options for the history of the occurrence. Clean ponds. The version is more known, according to which in the XVII century in the area there was a slaughterhouse, and sewage merged into local reservoirs, then there were three such ponds called froze. After the command of Peter I, these lands were given by his favorite, prince Menshikov. A part of the reservoirs by order of the prince was drained, and the largest of them was purified, simultaneously imposed a ban on water pollution. From this point on, the pond ponds became the historical name of the place, while maintaining in the title, as a tribute to the past, the form of a plural.

Today is a pleasure zone and a cultural and historical park. Chistopure Boulevard is a wide parking alley for walking, which lasts until health Center "Clean ponds", and behind this building, to the area of \u200b\u200bthe Pokrovsky gate - is the pond itself. You can rent a bike to make a bike in the nearby historical places or stroll along the pond, feed the clarity dwellings and admire the swans.

Cultural and historical parks Park Clean ponds

Let's go through the most signal places Lovely guided routes. The beginning of the park zone of Pistochnaya Boulevard begins at the monument to Griboedov, the author of the classic work "grief from the mind." On the pedestal you can see the burner with the image of the comedy heroes. The monument was created by the sculptor Apollo Manuilov and was established in 1959 on the site of the sculpture of the Russian anarchist Mikhail Bunin made in the abstract manner of the sculpture of the Russian anarchist. The latter was dismantled at the request of the Public Representatives for the incomprehensible futuristic approach when creating it. Griboedov himself lived for some time on the meat street, in the house number 42, where he completed the famous comedy and therefore the place was chosen logical.

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A walk through the purebuchny boulevard, on the left side will lead us to the house 19. The historic building created by the architect novel Klein at the beginning of the twentieth century in the style of neoclassicism was the premises of the previously famous cinema "Colosseum". And in 1974, the Contemporary Theater is located in the building and is now located. One of the founders and the first artistic director of the theater was Oleg Efremov, in many respects determined the style feature of the theater - to speak with the audience about the eternal truths in the language of modern art.

Moving on chistoprudic in the direction of the Pokrovsky gate, the pure ponds geographically ending the area, you can go to the Trinity Church on the mud, which is located on Pokrovka Street. Next to her - another architectural masterpiece - this was previously the revenue house, built at the beginning of the twentieth century. It is curious about its design: bas-reliefs at levels from the 2nd to the 4th floor depicting fantastic animals, birds and trees. The authors of the design - S. Vashkov and P.Mikini. Thanks to these images, the structure received the name "House with Beasts". The upper floors were discharged in 1945, so the building looks fragmentary unfinished. Partially this house is visible in the frames of the film "The meeting place cannot be changed."

"House with beasts" is adjacent to the modern cinema "Roland" located in the house number 12. He carries the name of the talented actor of Rolan Bykov. Earlier here was the "Borodino Panorama", now she was transferred to Kutuzovsky Avenue.

Further - on Pistochnaya we go to the Arkhangelsk Lane, turning on which, see Menshikov Tower. Alexander Menshikov "Happiness Balcher Belonnyy" near his foundation ordered to build a huge stone Temple On the site of the dilapidated church. The construction of this facility was carried out with the participation of Italian architects. The tower of the temple, built in the style of Baroque, surpassed the bell tower of Ivan the Great. But on this "half-music lord", as Pushkin called Menshikov, did not calm down. Alexander Danilovich for the fabulous amount bought in London clock-chimes, which were installed on the temple. The clock was discouraged by an hour, half an hour and a quarter - which was not on the Spare Tower of the Kremlin. The celebration was complete, but short-term. Lightning quit the spire, and the clock - their century was the underworn - were disassembled and brought to the cannons.

Modernity Park Clean ponds

Walk through the chistoprudic boulevard is not only historical monuments And tribute to the past. This is an active recreation area that attracts different generations on the alleys and cultural representatives. Representatives of modern underground. "Griboedov" is a favorite place of romantic meetings. I want to come here and the indigenous Muscovites and the guests of the capital to see the scenes inspired by touching melody in the performance of Igor Talkov, illustrations of painting masters and artistic works.

Chistoprudny Boulevard 14 - The Budriness of the Trinity Church at Mud, 1908-1909 is a monument of late, national modern.
House for the arch. L. L. Kraveksky and P. K. Mikini decorated with fabulous beasts of work S. I. Vashkov.
Vashkov's works are extremely interesting - and above all this church in Klyazma (see r. Architecture of part 11, 12 and 14 and 18)

The raisin of the house is, of course, a curly pattern, a carpet covering the third and fourth floors. Drawings in the form of animals, birds and plants are made of terracotta (burned clay) according to the sketches of the artist Sergey Vashkov, attracted to this work Arteel "Muraba".

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A man, far from architecture, bas-reliefs of fabulous creatures, most likely, will not say anything about anything, but the sophisticated look will immediately notice the similarity with the decoration of the Dmitrievsky Cathedral in Vladimir (XII century). The walls of the cathedral are decorated with more than 600 reliefs with images of birds and animals, mythical and real, as well as the sculptural faces of saints and seraphim.
Pupil Vasnetsova, S.I. Your in its own way interpreted the ancients (increased them, which was characteristic of modern style) and moved them to Moscow to clean ponds.

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Not even knowing anything about the history of creating these drawings, you can simply admire them, or even kill time, trying to count how many in the facade of Lviv, how many griffins, owls, deer and unprecedented animals, which are difficult to recognize ...
Fortunately, Vashkov's work over time has been preserved almost in full (by the way, the artist himself settled in this house), but the architectural project (authors - L. Kravetsky and P. Mikini) has undergone amendment.
Many are almost all - the profits were extended from above, the same thing happened with this house in 1944-45. Initially, the 4-storey, the house lost the upper side tent square towers and grew by another two, and from the corners - for three floors (this superstructure looks like an alien style of Modern, who sought to get away from straight corners - at the bottom of the building it can still be seen that the corners can still be seen "Smoothed" and decorated).

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Boulevard in the Basmann district of the Central administrative District Moscow city. It takes place from the square of the meat gate to the Pokrovsky Gate Square, the numbering is carried out from the meat gate. On the boulevard there are pure ponds (in fact, the pond is one). The Boulevard comes out: from the inside of the Arkhangelsky lane, with the external big Kharitonievsky lane and the street Makarenko.

The granite barrier with lamps and stone benches draws entrance to the green strip of the boulevard. Behind him - a monument to A. S. Griboedov, established in 1959 (sculptor A. A. Manuilov, Architect A. A. Zavarzin).

Chistoprudny Boulevard was arranged in the 1820s, when considerable funds were identified for the restoration of Moscow after a grandiose fire of 1812.

This is the largest area from the rings and the second boulevard squares after Tver in length (822 meters). In addition to the wide main alley there is still a quiet side, separated by a lawn, which is seated with groups of trees and bushes. Both alleys overlook the large platform near the pond. In January 1966, a two-story glass cafe opened here. In 1982, he was rebuilt for the first time. Modern complex "White Swan" was built in the 2000s. In 2006, a monument to Abai Kunanbayev and a fountain was installed nearby.

Clean ponds were formed due to the dam running along the wall White City River wraps. Until the end of the 17th century, local butchers dumped from the scored cattle, the water distributed the stench, why the ponds were originally called frogs (there are other versions of the origin of this name, but the most common is considered mentioned above).

Petra's favorite of Menshikov, who bought the land, which the post office is held now, cleared the ponds and stricter forbade them to pollute them; Since then, they are called clean.

The ponds of the ponds were a favorite board of boating, and in the winter - ice skating. The author of the guide to Moscow in 1831 invites the reader to visit Boulevard, in order to "admire here skating on the English or St. Petersburg manner."

In 1960, the shores of the pond were strengthened by stone, and in 1966 - concrete.

The pond, attached by lipami, hug two narrow alleys converging at the end of the boulevard.

Chistoprudic Boulevard is repeatedly mentioned in Russian literature, as a pre-revolutionary - in Pisemsky, Leskova, Boborakina, and Soviet. The Boulevard of the NEP period can be found in the story of V. Kataeva "Knives", which was written at one time operetta. The book of living in this area Y. Nagin is devoted to the boulevard of 1920-1930 - "Pure Ponds", which was filmed by the movie. A lot of poems of modern poets are written about Boulevard.

At the Pokrovsky gate, the Boulevard closes the well-preserved building of the former hotel, built at the beginning of the XIX century on the project, allegedly, V. P. Stasov, although his authorship was not documented.

Building both sides of the boulevard at the beginning of its existence was the advantage of the noble. The author of the guidebook of 1831 exudes the delight: "On both sides, such houses rise, which would seek the ancestors to our for something extraordinary: the uneducated mind they could never imagine such proportionate stone chambers." Archival data, however, do not confirm that there are neither especially large, even by that time, neither-valuable in architectural relations; "Commonity" of the same buildings for the architecture of the classicism era was a must. In any case, according to its development, Chistoprudny Boulevard could not compare either with Tversky or Nikitsky.

In the second half of the XIX century, the Baric mansions moved into the hands of the middle merchants, bureaucratism and burghers. At the same time, several multi-storey income homes appeared. The Soviet period also made their own adjustments to the architectural appearance of the Boulevard: here you can see the facilities of the period of the Soviet avant-garde and the emerging "large Stalinist style".