Museums of Rostov-on-Don: addresses and descriptions. Kremlin Rostov: Description, History

Address: Russia, Yaroslavl region, Rostov Great
Start of construction: 1670 year
Ending construction: 1683 year
Number of towers: 11 pcs.
Main attractions: Assumption Cathedral, the bells of the Assumption Cathedral, the Naughty Church of the Resurrection, the Ship Order, Church of John the Theologian, Church of Odigitria, Church of the Savior of the Unclean (on the Seine), Church of Grigory Theologian, Red Chamber, White Dining Chamber
Coordinates: 57 ° 11 "05.2" N 39 ° 24 "59.6" E
An object cultural heritage Russian Federation

The construction of the Kremlin in Rostov was conducted from 1670 to 1683 years. The customer of construction work was the local Metropolitan of Jonas Sysoevich. According to his plan, the construction was supposed to transfer paradise in its full compliance with the biblical description. In religious literature, the paradise is presented in the form of a garden with a pond in the center, and the garden itself is surrounded by walls with the towers.

Kremlin from a bird's eye view

In 1787, Metropolitan moved to Yaroslavl, so the Rostov Metropolitan Yard (another name of the Kremlin) lost its purpose and gradually decline. Services in local temples were no longer held, and the bishops planned to sell the entire metropolitan complex on the layer.

However, the Kremlin escaped such an unenviable focus thanks to the enlightened urban merchandise - the architectural ensemble was renovated for his funds allocated (work was carried out in the 60s and 80s of the XIX century).

View by Rostov Kremlin From Nero Lake

In the fall of 1883, the Rostov Museum of Church Antiquities was opened in the Kremlin Chamber called "Belaya". The initiators of such a decision of Titov A.A. and Hanks I.A. Since 1886, the museum fell under the patronage of the heir to the imperial throne of Tsarist Russia - it was Nicholas II, who later became a king. In 1910, the State Duma finally consolidated the establishment of all-Russian status and decided to allocate a certain amount from the treasury on its content. In 1953, due to a strong tornadow, most of the monuments of the ensemble were injured, but somewhat later they were restored.

From left to right: Odigitrievskaya Tower, Church of John the Theologian, Main Entrance, Cashier

The territory of the Rostov Kremlin is represented by three zones. This is the bishop courtyard, the Metropolitan Garden and the Cathedral Square. The oldest building of the city is located here - the five-key Assumption Cathedral, built in the distant XVI century. Majestic building shrines took the place of another, more ancient Temple, at one time erected from stone. The outer part of the Assumption Cathedral is finished with a variety of decorative details that give the building a special expressiveness.

Architectural features of the Rostov Kremlin

In addition to the Assumption Cathedral and the benzor, administrative buildings were also on the territory of the Metropolitan Court. One of them was the building of the vessel.

From left to right: Church of Odigitria, Assumption Cathedral, Church of the Resurrection

The two-story building appeared here in the middle of the XVII century. Some time, next to her, the Survection Church of the Resurrection with a couple of fortress turrets was erected. Right under the Church there were holy gates, which performed in the role of a parade entrance to the courtyard. Because of the small number of architectural delights in the upper part of the Church, it seems formidable like a watchtower. But the lower part, which flows into the arch of the holy gates, due to the cyot, tiles and brick pattern seems simply luxurious.

Also, by the plan of ions, the Metropolicy choirs was erected for his residence and maintain considerable cash savings.

Church of Sunday

Initially, they were a 2-storey building, but at the end of the XVII century there were 3rd floor, and in the century, all the building was decorated with classic decor. Today, the metropolitan choirs are recognized by narrow windows on the first floor and the ornamental belt.

Government choirs, or the Red Chamber - another solid building, which is the attraction of Rostov Kremlin. The special beauty of the structure is achieved at the expense of the porch, completed by two tents. An equally valuable historical monument on the territory of the bishop courtyard remains the complex of the church of the Savior of the Nerukotye Image.

Church of John the Bogoslev View from the Kremlin's courtyard

The lower floor of this building was erected in 1675, occupied economic services, on the top floor there was a church room itself, recaller chambers and refectory. This shrine was considered a home temple of the ions.

John the Nagalov, the Naughty Church of the Cologovo with five chapters, was built last. She became the best building of that time - from previous buildings it was distinguished by a rich decor on the entire outer surface of the building. The elongation of the main part of the shrine in aggregate with drums visually make it higher. The construction of the church of Odigitria was the final point in the formation of the ensemble of the Rostov Kremlin.

Church of Odigitria

As for the Kremlin walls and towers, their construction was usually carried out after the construction of most buildings. As it applies to real fortress walls, they were equipped with braces. At the same time, wide window openings were burned in the Kremlin towers, which is uncharacteristic for the fortress. According to the general decor, the towers also becomes clear that no protective role between the tower, no walls played, and the fools served as a tribute to tradition.

From buildings economic value Special attention deserves their own brewery and bakery. Their design was pretty primitively, which allocated both buildings against the background of a rich residence of Metropolitan.

From left to right: Assumption Cathedral, belfry

Modern life of the Rostov Kremlin

Today, the Rostov Kremlin exists as a museum-reserve of state importance. He is also the repository of the largest collection of works of Finifth - the most ancient art painting by enamel. Come to Rostov in the XVII century, it remained in demand in the city and to this day.

The Museum Picture Gallery is represented by several halls. They exposed portraits of a local nobility and merchants, notable in the XVIII - XIX centuries. Here the works of Russian artists, famous in the late XVIII - early XX centuries. Among their work is the avant-garde.

Red Chamber

Inside the White Chamber of the Kremlin, who has previously served for the Rostov Vladyk dining room, exposure to church antiquities has been deployed. In part, it reproduces the first exposition of 1883 in the Red Chamber, built for the great sovereigns, today the cutter cutters, porcelain, ceramics are exhibited. There is also a valuable exhibition called "Archeology of the Earth Rostov".

The White Rostov Kremlin is familiar with the majority of our country's inhabitants. It was here that the scenes were filmed from the popular film "Ivan Vasilyevich is changing profession." Although in the plots with the old Moscow appears, the shooting was carried out in similar chambers and covered transitions of the Kremlin of the city of Rostov. This city is located in the Yaroslavl region, was previously known as the Great Rostov.

The history of the construction of the Rostov Kremlin

There are still disputes about whether the structure has the facility in Rostov to wear official name "Kremlin". Such medieval structures in their definition performed a defensive function. Their construction was to be carried out in compliance with the fortification requirements, regulating the height and thickness of the walls, the location of the boys and watchdogs. In the Rostov Kremlin, many elements do not comply with the required defensive standards, perform a decorative role rather. This situation originated from the very beginning of construction.

The fact is that the construction has not thought about the defensive fortress, but as a residence of Metropolitan Ion Sysoevich, head of the bishop department in Rostov. Vladyka himself controlled the development of the project and the construction process from beginning to end.

So for the 1670-1683 years, the Metropolitan (bishop) courtyard, imitating the biblical paradise garden with the towers around the perimeter and the pond in the middle, was erected. Yes, there are also reservoirs, the buildings were built near the Nero lake, on the hill, and artificial ponds were burned in the courtyards.

The courtyard served as the placement and service of the highest spiritual power for more than a century. In 1787, the bishops were relocated to Yaroslavl, and the architectural ensemble in which the warehouses were placed, gradually came to launch. The clergy was ready to even let him down on the layer, but Rostov merchants did not allow destruction and was restored in 1860-1880.

After that, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Romanov, the future Russian emperor, adopted the Metropolitan courtyard under his patronage and initiated the opening of the State Museum in it. For visits to the Museum-Reserve "Rostov Kremlin" opened in 1883. Today it is the object of cultural heritage of Russia.

Modern State of the Rostov Kremlin

In recent years, the restoration of many objects of the Rostov Kremlin has been actively carried out. Somewhere it has already been completed, so visitors can see the restored frescoes, walls and interior items. In some buildings and facilities, repair is just planned. The entire architectural ensemble of the Museum-Reserve is funded from the federal budget, with the exception of the Assumption Cathedral, which since 1991 is the property of the Orthodox Church.

Behind the stone walls with eleven towers are: Vintage chambers, churches, cathedral, bell tower, household buildings. They are divided into three zones, each of which has its own courtyard. Central zone - Surrounded by churches, the bishop courtyard with residents and economic buildings. Northern part - Cathedral Square With the Assumption Cathedral. Southern zone - Metropolitan garden with a pond.

What to see in the Kremlin?

Excursions in the Rostov Kremlin are available for everyone. Entrance to some buildings are free, but most exhibitions and premises can only be visited after purchasing an entrance ticket. The greatest demand among guests are used by the following excursions:

• . The five-headed temple was built in 1512 on the remnants of the Leontief caveman, in which the power of St. Leonty, Bishop of Rostov and Suzdalsky is still kept. In this attack in 1314, the baby was barefoot, who later became Sergey Radonezh. The reconstruction of the temple was not fully carried out, the frescoes were stored only partially. The temple acting, in architecture similar to the Assumption Cathedral in Moscow. The entrance is free, free, through the Cathedral Square.
  
• . The tower with bells was built in 1687. In the initial completeness, all 15 bells are preserved. The largest bell on the belfry - "Sysova", it weighs 32 tons, "Polyel" - 16 tons. The remaining bells weigh less; Their names are very original: "goat", "Baran", "starvation", "Swan". Lift to the tower is paid, but it is prohibited to call visitor to the bell. The base of the building has a souvenir shop with black ceramics. In the very ringing room there is a church of entrance to Jerusalem.
  
• Resurrection Church (notad). Built in about 1670 over two gates, travel and pedestrian, which open the road to the bishop court. When passing through the gate, the ticket is acquired for inspecting the bishop courtyard and his churches.
  
• . Former residential building, on the lower floor of which the household cellars were located. Now the "house in the cellars" became the hotel with the same name, where everyone would stop spending the night within the boundaries of the Rostov Kremlin. The level of comfort in the hotel is low, but guests have the opportunity to stroll along the empty Kremlin, and in the morning - wake up for the chime of bells.
  
• . The description of the Rostov Kremlin will not be complete without mentioning this corner for recreation. In the garden you can walk, relax on the beads. Especially beautiful garden in spring, while flowering apple trees and other trees.
  

The above lists the most popular excursions in the territory of the Rostov Kremlin. Do not forget to take a photo or video device with you to capture the types of an old architectural ensemble and make your photos against the background of the memorable interiors from Leonid Gaidai's film.

Additional information about the Kremlin

Opening hours of the Museum-Reserve: from 10:00 to 17:00 year-round (except January 1). Excursions on the walls and transitions of the Kremlin are carried out only in the warm season, from May to October.

Museum address: Yaroslavl region, city Rostov (pay attention, it is not Rostov region). From autostation or railway Station The path to the Kremlin takes 10-15 minutes on foot. Its towers and gilded domes are visible from any outskirts of Rostov, so it's simply impossible to get lost on the road. In addition, any citizen will easily tell me where the main attraction of the city is located.

At the ticket office, the Museum-Reserve can be purchased as a separate ticket for visiting one building or exposure and a single ticket "Transitions on the walls of the Kremlin". Prices for individual expositions are low, from 30 to 70 rubles.

Master classes on bell tower, for the manufacture of museum cards, in painting Rostov finifesty cost from 150 to 200 rubles.

Hotel "House on the cellar", where tourists stop at any time, from one night to several days. Rooms with amenities are designed for one to three people. Food is provided in the restaurant "Collection", open to everyone in the premises of the Red Chamber. The restaurant serves classic dishes of Russian cuisine, including fish and lean. There is an opportunity to order a banquet in the Kremlin restaurant about a wedding or anniversary.

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The "Business Card" of Rostov Tourist - the Kremlin with its five temples, the Assumption Cathedral and a complex of residential buildings, acquired by powerful fortress walls. According to its original purpose, the Kremlin was a residence of the Bishops of the Rostov-Yaroslavl Diocese. It can be divided into three independent parts. Central is the actual bishop courtyard. In the northern part there is a former Cathedral Square with the Assumption Cathedral, and in the South - Metropolitan Garden.

Bishops' courtyard

High Wall Walls beautiful towers, decorated with numerous heads of temples and tent steady tents, the bishop courtyard, which is now customary to call Rostov Kremlin, was laid in the 1660s on the site of the old and much more modest bishop house, from which only fragments of buildings were preserved.

The first built temple, a kind of cornerstone of the ensemble, was the Church of the Resurrection of Christ over the Northern Gate. This is not just a church, but a whole complex architectural complex, consisting of a five-chapted temple, gates in three spans, galleries and two towers framing the gate. The Resurrection Church was supposed to fulfill the role of the holy gate in the complex of the bishop and was oriented to the outside, to the Assumption Cathedral.

Metropolitan Ion Sysoevich did not have time to complete his brainchild, and his successor Metropolitan Ioasaf was completed. The complex turned out to be truly grand: two of the magnificent holy gates with the apparent temples, the eclipses of their beauty and the central temple of the courtyard; Many stone chambers, a small pond in the middle of the courtyard.

The second Giant Scientific Church - John the Theologian, located above the Western Gate of the Kremlin. If the Resurrection Church was the first temple of the ensemble, then Ioanovskaya - one of the latter. The largest and most famous Chamber in the Kremlin is adjacent to the John Church - the Red Chamber. Another wonderful temple of the Rostov Kremlin is the Church of Savior on Seine. This is the main, central temple of the bishop courtyard, conceived by Metropolitan Ion's Sysoevich as a parade church. Although it is located not in the center, but slightly covered with the building. The White Chamber is close to the Spasskaya Church, built approximately at one time with the temple. It is assumed that this complex was built exactly according to the sample of the Patriarchal Palace in the Moscow Kremlin.

Assumption Cathedral

The existing cathedral is already the fifth on this place; before him in the center ancient City Four more four temples changed. The first was the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Mother of God "from the woods of oak", the wooden, laid back in 991 at Prince Vladimir, one of the first cathedrals in Russia.

It is known that at the turn of the XII-XIII centuries, the abbot of the cathedral was the father of the hero of Alesh Popovich.

The Assumption Cathedral built at the beginning of the XVI century is a truly magnificent building worthy to be the Central Cathedral of Rostov, one of the main cities of medieval Russia. His architecture is under the obvious influence of the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin - probably the architects, built the cathedral, were in Moscow and carefully studied the metropolitan temple. The powerful walls of the Rostov Assumption Cathedral are divided by the blades on three stared from the West and four - from the north and south.

Initially, the chapters were somewhat different (perhaps helmet), and in the XVIII century they were replaced by the current bulbous, covered with a lemeth. During the Troubles, the cathedral, like the whole city, was captured and looted by Tatars and Cossacks, who were in the troops of Falgestria, and Metropolitan Filaret was captured and sent to the Tushinsky Vora.

Luxurious baroque iconostasis, preserved to this day, was installed in the Cathedral at the Archbishop of Joachim in 1736 after another fire. In the cathedral, the burials of many Rostov princes and clergy, including the builder of the Rostov Kremlin, Metropolitan Sysoevich ions are preserved. During the replacement of the floors in 1884, the Cancer of St. Leonty was discovered in South Apside - Dar Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky.

The complex of the Assumption Cathedral is a separate part of the current Rostov Kremlin, and much more ancient. However, all other temples and walls with the towers were able to deliver so that they all became a single and harmoniously combined architectural ensemble, one of the most beautiful in Russia.

Bells

The famous Rostov belfry was built with the cathedral in 1682-1687 in two stages. Of course, before it was a more ancient eight-marched bell tower, the foundation of which was found archaeologists south of the cathedral. "Bells" at the Assumption Cathedral was repeatedly mentioned in the Rostov chronicles. A few later for the biggest bell was attached an extra pillar, and in it placed the bell weighing 33 tons, called Sysoze in honor of the father of Metropolitan Ion Sysoevich, the customer of the bells. And now in the repertoire of Rostov stons there is a special "ringing with a satiety."

About the bell tower of Rostov, everyone knows who at least a little interested in the history of Russia or the Golden Ring. The notes of many of the stalls are preserved, which are performed and now: Ionsky, Georgievsky, Kolyansky ...

Helpful information

Mode of operation: Daily from 10.00 to 17.00, except January 1st. Frescoes and fortress walls are open to Furnishing from May 1 to October 1.

Admission: a single ticket with a discount for visiting all the museum exposures - 700 RUB.

Rostov Great - old City On the shore of Lake Nero. He saw a lot of battles, was burned more than once, but he survived and restored again and bloomed. The heart of the city is of course the Rostov Kremlin, and more precisely the former residence of Metropolitan, where today is the Museum-Reserve. Thousands of tourists who go to Rostov seek to get here.

Rostov Great (or Yaroslavsky) has a long history. The first to these lands came not Slavs, and the Finnish peoples, and the remains of the ancient settlement of Sari are even preserved in the vicinity. But already in 862, there was a city of Rostov. This date is the earliest mention of Rostov, but not even as a settlement, but as about the city.

In 911, the first Christian Church was already set here, notice, because Russia was baptized only in 988-990. But the old faith firmly held the minds of Rostovchan, and local priests had to flee, and some died from the hands of citizens, such as Bishop Leonty, who was later ranked with the face of the saints.
Older stone Temple Cities - Assumption Cathedral, built in 1162. True, the first version of the temple burned down, and the one that came to this day was built in 1411, and among the masters of the Cathedral was both Dionysius. Many believes are connected with this temple. Bartholomew baptized here, famous peace like Sergius Radonezhsky. Here the rules service John Kronstadsky. And in 1913 the last Russian king prayed here.
And remember the modern cartoon "Alesh Popovich", where people hid in the church from Tugarin Snake. It is here in this temple. And Alyales himself, by the way, was the son of his abbot.

It is worth noting that the city has not had a good protection for a long time, so it suffered more than once from the raids of the Tatar-Mongolian yoke, was buried during the time of the University and received serious destruction during the Lithuanian intervention period. Rostov strengthened with the help of earthen shafts and fortresses, but because by that time Rostov was already in the middle of the country, and the need for fortress disappeared, so in the XVII century it was decided to build a stone residence of the Metropolitan, which we know as the Rostov Kremlin. The start of construction had to 1660, when Metropolitan Ion arrived in Rostov, and in the whole thirty years he built his brainchild.

It was a magnificent facility, the amazing panorama of which admires today. Rostov Kremlin is good from all angles: from the remains of urban shaft and from the shores of Lake Nero.

Churches, household buildings, belfry, vessel basting, living courtyard, metropolitan chambers, white chamber, eleven towers, etc. - all this is a single complex, with each other in transitions and covered galleries.

Especially worth noting, the belfry. It was built in the late XVII century and had thirteen bells. Each of them had their own name: "Swan", "Polyelin", "Horodar", which called only during the post. But the biggest was "Sysova", named after the Father of the founder of the Rostov Kremlin, Metropolitan Sysoevich ions.

But very soon, the bishop courtyard was moved to Yaroslavl and the Kremlin, as the pilgrim courtyard began to call, which in Rostov attracted the relics of Rev. Dimitria, remained empty. All other years, the Kremlin existed on donated pilgrims and believers.

In 1883, a museum opens on the territory of the Kremlin. Expositions were put up in the wards, and the institution itself was taken under their wing Cesarevich Alexey and the future Tsar Nikolai Alexandrovich.

Today, the Rostov Kremlin is State Museum Reserve And one of the most visited attractions is not only the city, but all the edges. And how not to visit the place, which is familiar to everyone without this, who at least once watched the legendary film "Ivan Vasilyevich changes profession." Yes, it was precisely for these transitions who ran the Miloslavsky's truncated prince, it was here that the "Soviet" Ivan Vasilyevich's trapeznical, and that they were "overseas, eggplant caviar" here.

If you are traveling yourself, you will need at least half a day to visit the Rostov Kremlin. And if you want to visit all exhibitions, then one day may not be enough.

What's the cover charge

At the entrance to the Kremlin there are cash regulations where you can buy tickets for exhibitions.

A single full ticket (including an observation and museum cinema) at all exhibitions costs 400 rubles.

You can buy I. separate tickets At exhibitions and master classes. Full price list can be found on the site of the museum.

Just running around the Kremlin cost 50 rubles.

It is proposed to purchase tickets for such an interesting action as a concert of the bell tongue. It is worth this pleasure is not cheap - 1500 rubles per person. Bell ringing (abbreviated version) can be listened to and free, you only need to clarify at the checkout, which bells call.

Exhibitions of Rostov Kremlin

In the former bishops, several permanent expositions launched, but besides this, the museum constantly changes and adds a whole range of portable exhibitions that are dedicated to different dates. These are exhibitions dedicated to the Great Victory, this year they are presented very widely, exhibitions of Rostov Finifsti and much more.
Among the constant exhibitions, tourists can visit the exposition "Medal Cabinet". Here are all originals and copies of medals, from the very first to be awarded the warriors "for the Poltava Battalium of 1709" years to, the latest awards of the Sochi Olympiad.

In the White Chamber (the Ivan Grozny-Bushma, Ivan Grozny-Bushma, was visited by the Supreme Hospital). Here are the exhibits of church utensils, crosses, old books and documents that managed to collect historians and archaeologists. The exhibition tells about the period of the XVI-XVIII centuries, and there are quite valuable items that are relics.

A little similar to it on the subject of the "Ancient Russian Art" exposure, located in the eight rooms of Samuel Corps. By the way, it was from this exposition that the history of the museum began. Here are the frescoes, and paintings, and church vestments, and even gilded cencing, which is already four hundred years. Looking at these luxurious exhibits. Decorated precious stones and metals, you understand that the church before people did not regret money.

The symbol of the Russian Troika - Sliving Bubares, presented in the exposition "Yamsky bells". Here you can find out the story, where did this tradition come from, what are the bubbles and how they were distinguished - all the same bell skills became one of business cards Rostov, well, as Tula Armory Plants. And here you can see the real sleeves.

Water Tower

Be sure to climb the steep wooden staircase on the water tower. Types from there are opening such that in the fairy tale not to say!

Museum of Finiphi "Rostov Kremlin" Must enter the mandatory program of each excursion. Each, firstly, because at a time you can hardly appreciate the entire collection, which employs more than three thousand exhibits, and in the second here you can not only look at beautiful baubles, but also try something to create something yourself -class.

After inspecting the exposition, you can buy products from Rostov Finifsti from the official factory (about where the factory is Rostov fingent, and what can be bought in the store with a factory you can read here).

Exposition "The Ancient Past of the Rostov Earth" will introduce us to mammoths and prehistoric rhino, which wandered in this area during the Paleolithic period, as well as with the first people and life and life in the Stone Age.
Several exhibition halls in the Red Chamber of the State Choir occupies an exposition that tells about the history of Rostov in the period from the VII to the XV century. It was during this period that the city was born, and then he was quite large and strategically important. No wonder here they sent the princely heirs of Kievan Rus, so that those learned to rule, by the way, to say Rostov was a rather "plump" city and did not mindlessly obeyed.

Here is a weapon of the X century, the princely seals of Yaroslav Wise, vintage figurines and much more.

In Church of Odigidria On the territory of the Kremlin there is an exhibition "shines Zlato and azure", which tells about the baroque period in the church. Here are the luxurious vestments of priests, rich icons, amazing tombstones, which themselves are unique art objects.

About the exhibition in the Museum of the Church of Odigitria, you can read in detail here.

And if you get tired of viewing a variety of museum exhibitions and want to relax, you can do it in the living room, located on the first floor of the Red Chamber. Here in the interactive mode, you can visit virtual exhibitions and find out detailed information About the section you are interested in.

Food in the territory of the Rostov Kremlin

On the territory you can eat, for example, in a cozy garden house. You can find it in the territory of Yablonva Garden.

Hotel in Rostov Kremlin

Few people know, but in the territory of the Rostov Kremlin there is a hotel that is called "house in the cellar". In the hotel there are 24 numbers and they are rarely empty. But if you boast in advance, you may be lucky. Here are the site of the hotel.

Official site Museum Rostov Kremlin

Rostov Kremlin is the object of cultural heritage that each tourist should visit. And attend once, I want to come here yet.

Continuing to walk on the old Russian city of Rostov the Great, we attend its main attraction: State Museum-Reserve Rostov Kremlin.

It turned out that when we came there in the evening, the museum did not work. Museum staff offered us just to walk through its territory, since all the buildings were already closed. Of course, this walk was not free, and we decided to come already tomorrow morning, in order not to rush, visit all the buildings of the Kremlin architectural ensemble in Rostov.

Moreover, the day today was saturated with new impressions. Early in the morning left and have already managed to visit 2 Rostov monasters: and.

There was a lot of time ahead, it was too early to go to bed. Therefore, in our general meeting, we decided and went to Lake Nero. Having passed along a highlighted sunset by the Kremlin Wall,

We went down the steep steps down.

On the right away over the gray waters of the Lake Nero brilliance dome.

We walked along the shore of this reservoir, admiring the surrounding beauty, posing a picture of the Kremlin's dome in the rays of the setting sun.

Returning back, we accidentally came across a small museum of vintage things. He wore a loud name: "The Art Gallery" Horse "Mikhail Selischeva."

In the ordinary village house several rooms were allocated under the exhibition. In general, it was interesting to consider what is already rarely used in our time.

But for this trip on the numerous attractions of the Yaroslavl region, we have already looked a lot of old trash. He was shown in and, so we did not add new impressions.

But in the courtyard of the museum there was a lot of interesting things for our boys. After inspecting the exhibits of the museum, my nephews were offered to shoot from the crossbow. This action added new impressions. 😆

And then the boys gave the racket to play table tennis.

Emit there was no limit! And then it was still possible to relax in the hammock in the fresh air.

So the evening passed very actively, with jokes and laughter.

Unusual locals

Our next day was devoted to the inspection of the Kremlin architectural complex. We came to the opening itself, to 9 o'clock. But it turned out that again a little was not guessed with the museum's work regime: all temples and exhibitions work here only from 10.

We had to walk around the territory for a whole hour. But we were not boring - after all, everything was so majestic and beautiful!

In the center of the Kremlin, we saw a duck family on the pond.

They committed morning walk And importantly, each friend, the Guski proceeded by us in their urgent matters to a small pond to swim and dive. Such funny!

My Moscow nephews are straightforwards from the possibility so close to observe the living ducklings!

Yes, what to be surprised at schoolchildren, even we - adults looked with delight, how duckly babies are strolled and bathed. So the time waiting for the opening of museums and temples on the territory of the Kremlin flew unnoticed for us.

Kremlin

Impressive features

It quickly passed an hour, and all museums opened their doors for us. In general, the name "Kremlin" is not quite suitable. Because at a time when it was built, Rostov was already in the center of Russia and did not have such an important defensive value as before. Therefore, when it is construction, some features used to protect under the siege were not used.

For example, you could enter the Kremlin through a wide gate. The windows, as in ordinary peasant homes, were decorated with platbands, and there were no boys in the towers - all this was unacceptable in defense.

But anyway, the Kremlin became a monument to an ancient military architecture in Russia's early, even addresses.

The history of the creation of "earth paradise"

Rostov stronghold was built for almost 15 years. The Kremlin was built in the period starting from 1670 and to 1683. Metropolitan Ion Sysoevich himself was the ideological inspirer and the head of this construction.

After the implementation of this grand idea, the appearance of a real earthly paradise was assumed, exactly what it was described in the Bible: a paradise garden, surrounded by thick walls with towers, and in the center there is a pond with mirrored water. The thickness of the Kremlin walls is 2 meters, and their height is about 12.

After about 100 years, the bishop department was transferred to Yaroslavl, and the Metropolitan Yard remained without attention and proper care. Services in the temples ceased, and all the buildings began to be used under warehouses.

After another 100 years, he was renovated, and after a while the future Russian king Nikolai-2 took him under his guardianship and patronage, and the State Duma decided to regularly allocate a decent money amount for the content.

A unique monument of past

All adjacent Kremlin territory can be divided, conditionally, of course, on 3 independent of each other, part. It is clearly visible on the Kremlin map (it can be enlarged to better see all buildings).

The most important central part is the bishop courtyard. Assumption Cathedral on the square, which was previously called the Cathedral - this northern part. South refers a metropolitan garden with apple trees.

The Kremlin includes 11 towers.

Temples of Rostov Kremlin

Magnificent Assumption Cathedral

It should be noted that the Assumption Cathedral, which we see today, is built in the distant 1512.

The temple has become 5 construction at this place. His cross is located at an altitude of more than 60 meters. And the first, as the story states, was erected here the cathedral of the Assumption of the Mother of God. He appeared much earlier in 991, during the rule of Prince Vladimir, and became one of the most first outstanding temples throughout Russia.

Known such interesting factAnd it was documented that at the same time the abbot of exactly this cathedral was the father of the legendary Alyosh Popovich, who was suspended in the episons and tales of the Russian hero.

According to its architectural plan, the Assumption Cathedral of the Rostov Kremlin is similar to the same cathedral in the nearby Moscow. It is likely that the architects built it often went to the capital and took something for their work from there. During the time of vague time, the cathedral did not escape the fate of the entire city. He was completely looted by the enemies from the troops of Falsemedria, and Metropolitan himself was captive.

The luxurious, simply royal iconostasis installed here in 1736. Fortunately, it is preserved in pristine form. The founder of the Kremlin is buried here - Sysoevich ion, many Russian princes and representatives of the clergy of Rostov.

Resurrection Church

One of the very first graceful buildings in Rostov Great, who appeared at the Sysoevich ion was the Church of the Resurrection. The time of its foundations is referred to 1670.

On the facade of the building there are pedestrian and travel gates. This church is notable, and the passage under it was guarded.

Immediately rushes her ornate gallery. The walls of the temple was performed in 1675 by Yaroslavl and Kostroma masters.

Inside the temple room lead unusual arches. They are very reminded.

In the Church of the Resurrection of the Rostov Kremlin there is no usual wooden iconostasis. Instead of it - a wall of a stone that shares the altar and the rest of the temple space.

The windows in the church are large and are high enough. This allows you to penetrate the sunlight. Together, all this creates a particularly solemn and majestic atmosphere.

And now there is still an entrance to the Kremlin walls. Is it possible to deny yourself the pleasure of stroll through the ancient corridors?

From here you can better see the Kremlin buildings. The whole territory is visible as on the palm.

Church of John the Bogoslov

The existing Church of John the Theologian of the Rostov Kremlin is also propraged. She was built a little later than the rest, and became one of the last in the beautiful ensemble of the 17th century old Rostov Kremlin. Probably by this time and architects, and the masters have gained enough experience.

Therefore, this temple in its proportions and external decoration looks the most elegant compared to the rest of the Kremlin buildings. It looks particularly beautiful from the Kremlin yard. It is very clearly seen here, as the separation of the facade is going - first goes the dump, then the altar, then the temple and beautiful drums with graceful domes.

Church of Odigitria

The two-storey church of Odigitria, built in 1693, is rectangular. It looks very unusual and elegant.

The church itself acted on the top tier.

Inside its arches and walls decorate 20 stucco cartridges of an unusual shape.

Now there is a collection of sculptures, icons, silver products of the 17th century, as well as the clothing of clergy, which used to be used in the commissioning of liturgy.

Differences of gratifying churches

In the northern corner of the Kremlin fence there are holy gates. They built them at the beginning of the 18th century, and they led them directly to the square in front of the Assumption Cathedral.

Spasskaya Tower Church

In 1675, another church of the rescue was built on the Seine. She was erected on the spot that stood here before the wooden church on a piece of stone. In 1671, a strong lightning strike completely destroyed a wooden house. And over time, in his place was erected by a temple that stands here and now.

This church is remarkable in that its architecture contains features of the decorative decorations of the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, but only without any interference.

The Spasskaya Church is different from other local churches - it is one-eyed. Its light drum is built on a pedestal also having light opening. The soil is obtained as if two-story. Thanks to this view, a little elongated proportions, a gilded chapter, highly raised on a thin drum, the church of the Savior of the Husband on the Seine looks like a high beautiful tower.

And although the church is pretty like simple forms that are not distinguished by rich details, its inner interior is striking with its luxury and surprising wealth. Among all other Kremlin structures, it has no equal in this. Probably, the thing is that the building was a homely church of Metropolitan.

From the very beginning it was conceived for special cases: worship services in the presence of a large number of clergy and honorary guests. The inner decoration of the church is just luxurious! The gilded arcade is especially impressive there. Parapet is richly decorated with frescoes.

Each church is necessarily different from other temples of the Rostov Kremlin. Thus, the Church of Gregory Theologian Rostov Kremlin of 1670 is standing out by the lack of drums in it with windows for lighting.

Initially, it was built on the "old stone wards", and all the inner space was beautifully painted by artists. But what happened in 1730 the strongest fire destroyed beautiful paintings. Restoring historical monumentsThey were replaced with molding frames with paintings, but no longer as ancient.

Overflowing stons Rostov

Famous bells

The famous callsuit of the Assumption Cathedral, which is part of the Rostov Kremlin complex, is based at the end of the 17th century.

For a personal order of the Metropolitan almost at the same time was created immediately 13, of course in weight, bells. The first "polyeline" weighed 16000 kg, the next "swan" - 8000 kg. The largest and heavy bell on the belfry of the Rostov Kremlin is named "Sysova". His weight is 32000 kg!

Each bell was distinguished from their other tonality. The melodies produced by them were amazed by their colawering and harmony. Each of them wore her interesting name: Call, Baran, Red and others.

At the end of the 19th century, the bells, its bell collections replenished with two more bell bells. All 15 bells please us so far.

An interesting fact is not only that, despite all the vital polishes, all the bells are preserved, but also the fact that the notes of special bell tongues are still kept: Georgievsky, Ionsky and many others. There is even a special "ringing with raw materials."

Museum of bells

Now in the Kremlin is the exposition of bells and bells. During the excursion, we told a lot of new, interesting and amazing about the bells, bubber and bells.

Here they are presented a huge variety! And almost everyone has its own story, your voice.

Earlier in Russia, the bells had a lot of diverse destinations, because the bell tower was accompanied by a person, practically all his life. They called on holidays and in difficult times, reported fires and attacks of enemies, and also convened to the Church service.

And smaller bells were used in everyday life. They were mounted on horse races, hung on the neck of animals so that they were not lost.

And we were allowed to call some bells. Beauty!

Kremlin chambers

White Chamber

The White Chamber is a large, almost square building with large windows in which colored windows are inserted. Perhaps the only external decoration is the massive porch before entering.

This architectural monument was built in 1675 as the dining room of the bishop house.

Previously, the room was decorated with frescoes. But they, unfortunately, were not preserved. A long time ago there was a refectory in the Spasskaya houses of Metropolitan.

Now there is a museum of church antiquities. Among the exhibits are crosses, crucifixes, amazingly beautiful icons.

The main museum value is rare, the 16th century is pressed the cross.

Also here are presented several types of weapons. For example, such a clumsy (in my opinion) cannons on wooden wheels.

As well as furniture items, vintage interiors

and here is such a funny lion, it is not clear to someone showing the language. 😀

The chambers themselves do not differ in some special luxury. Their decorations serve unusual windows, which are completed with original arches with girks and two very beautiful gold-plated smoking on the roof of the house.

Under the common roof with a white chamber there is a diverse chamber. It can be said that it was like hay and used to be a reception for visitors. There were no special excesses here. Everything is only necessary: \u200b\u200bicons, shops and panicadiles. There were also cabinets with beautifully painted doors. Apparently, they were used to store a variety of dishes and various items for meals.

Red - So beautiful

Interesting architecture of the Red Chamber of the Rostov Kremlin. It is bunk and built in the form of the letter "g".

Previously, on the lower floor there were bread and a few more accommodation. Above the bread was a dining room. Her walls were decorated with an amazing fresco painting.

For the beauty of the dining room, the whole building and called the Red Chamber. It is very beautiful outside - leading to the top floor decorated porch, decorated with thick pillars, curly platbands - all this resembles a beautiful palace from a fairy tale.

On the 1st floor now the hotel is open, where you can relax a bit. And the second floor is busy an exhibition of unique items of the past. This, for example, the seal of Yaroslav Wise, the ancient crosses, the sword of the 10th century, brought from Western Europe And many other very, very old.

Church Dogs

By the location of Samuel complex, if you look at the scheme of the Rostov Kremlin, it takes a central place in the entire architectural ensemble.

On the attached gallery from it it was possible to go anywhere: in any residential or storage room and any tower of the Kremlin.

Interestingly, its construction stretched over the century. As they would say - long-term. In the 16th century built the first floor. According to the preserved old documents there were 13 chambers.

And only in the 17th century, after a hundred years (!) The second floor appeared. They combined with each other two narrow stairs, which were built into thick walls. Here, on the second floor there were Celi, where Metropolitans lived. There was still a cross, as well as the judicial chambers, sense. Bypassing the first one, on the second floor it was possible to climb along a high porch.

Since then, little has been preserved here. In the 18th century, the upper floor was completely redone under the leadership of Archbishop Samuel Mislavsky and also appeared the third floor. Hence the name - Samuel complex.

Now there is an inspection of art objects Ancient Russia, such as the icons of the 12th century, covers from the tombs of Rostov miracles, church items - a water boss and gilded cencing from the Assumption Cathedral.

Some more Kremlin chambers

The two-storey house on the cellars received such a name, because he really stands on the cellars.

There are still hierarchy chambers that were equipped specifically for housing in them hierarchs. For example, there was some time a father of the first kings of the Romanov family. The frescoes of the 15th century are preserved.

The special decoration of the chambers are numerous pipes on the roof, which masters with their fantasy and skillful skill turned into small amazing turrets-chimneys.

It is known that the hierarchy chambers are built in 1670. They served by the Palace for the king Alexei Mikhailovich. Naturally, the inner decoration was distinguished by a special, royal luxury.

In the wood tower, as already understandable from the name, dried and stored for firewood.

Looking tower

And I would advise you to climb looking platform Water Tower and admire an amazing view from a height of the Kremlin and its surroundings. Just want to warn that the entrance will need to be paid separately.

Yes, there is still a rise in narrow stone old steps, and then on wooden stairs.

But you immediately forget about the physical activity, as soon as you are over the Kremlin! Only delight and admiration remain.

All Kremlin buildings seem so small. And you are already wondering how it was possible with inappropriate to get lost in such a small area. Oh, how we didn't think so when we were at the bottom of trying to understand where we are now and where we go. 🙂

Only now, when we rose over all the roofs, you can be freely surprised by the beauty of the panoramas opening before us: with a huge lake of Nero and numerous Rostov churches and temples, which are located and behind the Kremlin's territory.

Film, film, film

Well, in our time, the Rostov Kremlin became famous for the fact that the episodes of some famous films were removed here. The most famous of them "Ivan Vasilyevich is changing profession", a wonderful comedy, which I looked, probably everyone.

And now we also have the opportunity to stroll through the same famous walls.

Recall the famous fragments of the film.

And capture the same buildings.

How much is royal life

State Museum-Reserve GMZ Rostovsky Kremlin is a great monument of the history and architecture of the distant past in Rostov. With the nearest inspection, he causes genuine admiration for the talent, fantasy and skill of Russian craftsmen. Come and you can make sure that yourself.

Museum work time - daily from 10 to 17 hours. But the territory is open longer: on Friday and Saturday from 9.00 to 20.00, and from Sunday to Thursday - from 9.00 to 17.00.

Single entrance ticket costs 550 rubles. But this includes a visit not to all exhibition expositions. You can buy just an entrance ticket for 50 rubles. Well, further buy in those places where it is interesting to get.

You can familiarize yourself with the prices of sightseeing Kremlin to understand the cost of the upcoming trip in advance. All data are relevant for the summer of 2016.

It was very pleased that children under 16 can visit many exhibitions and objects for free. And you can also order excursion programs. This is relevant for those who come to the Kremlin independently.

Kremlin's address: Yaroslavl region, city Rostov Great, Cathedral Square. Coordinates: 57.18445, 39.41517.

You can see where the Kremlin is located and the construction of its territory on the map (press "+" to bring closer, and "-" to remove objects).

In this trip to Rostov Great we stayed at the hotel :. On the site you can find many other accommodation options in the city. And even comfortable and inexpensive living conditions are looking for on the site. Here are a variety of apartments and rooms in different parts of Rostov. You can only choose!

We walked around the Kremlin and next to him on July 18 and 19, 2016. Other sights of the Yaroslavl region, where I managed to visit, there is on this map.

And you can watch this and other sights of Rostov, along with a professional guide, orders the excursion program.