The height of the Ural mountains and interesting facts. All about the Ural mountains

Ancient Ural mountains separating Asia and Europe. Mountains stretch from far north to the borders with Kazakhstan, from the polar Tundra to arid steppes. These unique places are extremely rich in natural, archaeological, historical and cultural attractions.

There is an opinion that it is the Urals that are the ancestral home of the ancient race of the Aryans.with unique knowledge. Many adventurers flock to these lands in the hope of getting closer to unraveling the secrets of ancient civilizations. One of the most attractive places for researchers is the mysterious ancient city.

There are many places in the Urals that are of great interest to researchers paranormal activity... One of these places is, which is a twenty-kilometer-long stone ridge, consisting of three ridges. Translated from the language of the ancient Bashkir tribes that have long inhabited these lands, "Taganai" means "a support for the moon." A huge number of legends, stories, stories about amazing events are associated with this place.

They say that on Taganai, locals and tourists have repeatedly found footprints of Bigfoot, seen ghosts and UFO landings, came into contact with the Higher Intelligence and fell into a loop in time. Who knows how true such stories are.

There is no doubt that Taganay really is anomalous zone, and this is confirmed by generally accepted facts: inexplicable failures in the work of any equipment constantly occur in these parts, fireballs often form over the mountains, and strange visions visit absolutely healthy people.

Another incredible place - the Man-Pupu-Ner plateau, nicknamed “Ural Stonehenge”. According to local legend, located on the plateau are huge stone pillars - these are petrified giants.

The height of the largest of the seven stone giants is 80 meters.

Everyone who has managed to visit this ancient sacred place feels its powerful positive energy: all worries and gloomy thoughts disappear, a feeling of lightness and causeless joy appears.

The island of Vera, which is located on Lake Turgoyak, is also considered a mystical "place of power".

Panorama of the Urals

Many religious pilgrims from all over Russia are attracted by the Ural temples and monasteries. Of particular interest not only to believers, but also to everyone who is interested in the history of the country, is the Yekaterinburg Church on Blood. This is not only a functioning temple, but also museum complexdedicated to the life of the royal family of the Romanovs - it was in these places that the life of the last emperor of Russia ended.

Excursions are also conducted to the place of the last refuge of the imperial family, known as "Ganina Yama". At present, a memorial temple complex has been erected on the site of the mine where the bodies were dumped.

Traditionally, the Urals are very popular with outdoor enthusiasts. All kinds of trekking, rafting, horseback riding, motorcycle and bike tours - this is just a small list of entertainment offered to tourists.

And in winter, traditional sledding, downhill skiing and snowboarding along the ski slopes are added.

Very popular combined tourscombining leisure with cognitive and educational programs. One of the most popular such routes is a hike in the footsteps of Diaghilev's expedition.

In recent years, new fascinating routes have appeared associated with the fall of the Chelyabinsk meteorite. Tourists are invited to make a trip to Lake Chebarkul - the place where the meteorite fell, visit the local museum of local lore, and communicate with eyewitnesses.

The Ural Mountains are a real paradise for speleologists. The most interesting caves in the region are: Divya, Ignatievskaya, Kungurskaya, Kapovaya caves, as well as the Sikiyaz-Tamak cave complex.

Panorama of the Urals

Inveterate extreme lovers prefer to travel through the most difficult region in terms of tourism - the Polar Urals. In the winter months, the air temperature in these places drops below -50 °. There are very few warm days in the year, mostly in July. The sun does not set over the horizon this month around the clock. Difficult climatic conditions are offset by the fantastic beauty of nature. Inaccessible mountain peaks, glaciers and picturesque lakes, waterfalls and rocky canyons are able to impress even many experienced travelers.

Routes along the Usa and Shchuchya rivers are very popular with tourists. It is believed that only qualified watermen are able to pass the most difficult rapids on these mountain rivers.

Recently, gastronomic and ethnographic tourism has become fashionable. One of best placeswhere you can get to know more about the culture and life of the Urals people, enjoy traditional dishes local cuisine, - a museum of wooden Russian architecture in Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha.

In any case, a trip to the Urals is a wonderful opportunity to escape from everyday problems and worries, to find yourself in the unreal, fabulous wonderful world, touch the origins of national spirituality and culture.

Photos

Ural mountains. Beauty is closer than you think.

Scientists have information that the Ural Mountains appeared 600 million years ago. For the first time A. Prokonesky wrote about them in his work "Arismapey". Unfortunately, the poem itself has not survived to our times. But many scientists of those years referred to it in their writings.

A bit of history

The explorer Ptolemy was the first to map the Ural Mountains. Their detailed description was displayed in his works by the Arab geographer Imaus. In the Russian state, the Ural Mountains were first mentioned by the historian Tatishchev. He began by describing their geographic location.

The mountain range stretches between the West Siberian and East European plains. It was Tatishchev who designated in the geographical report the name of this natural greatness.

After all, he visited the expedition and was sincerely amazed at the richness of the rocks. Communicating with the local population, the scientist borrowed the term "Ural Mountains" from them. Translated from the Tatar word "Ural" means "stone belt". The first question that comes to mind: "What is the height of the Ural Mountains?"

Tatishchev concluded that the highest point is People's Mountain. Its height is 1895 meters. Width Ural ridge generally ranges from 40 to 160 kilometers. And the length is recorded over 2000 km. It is noteworthy that once the mountain ranges of the Urals were in no way inferior to the Sayans and the Himalayas!

Climate and vegetation

The outskirts of the Ural Range are abundantly covered with coniferous forests, and at an altitude of over 850 meters the forest-tundra originates, and the tundra belt stretches even higher. The southern parts of the mountains are covered with a steppe carpet, but their area is small. IN northern zones the mountains are dominated by tundra cover. This is an excellent pasture and reindeer walking area, which the locals do.

As for the climate of the Ural Mountains, it is moderately continental. Winter comes early in these places, snow falls already in September. It lies throughout the year. Even in July, small layers of snowflakes are visible on the soil. And the height of the Ural Mountains allows the white blanket to lie all year round.

Despite the fact that in summer the air temperature fluctuates up to +34 degrees, it cannot be called hot. Due to constant winds and relatively low temperatures in winter (-56 degrees), the Ural climate is considered harsh.

Water resources and natural resources

A newcomer who finds himself in the Urals will be pleasantly surprised by the abundance of local rivers and streams. There are 3327 lakes alone, located on the plain next to the mountains. The Shchuchye Lake is recognized as the deepest body of water in the Urals. Its pit holds about 0.79 cubic meters. kilometers of water. And its depth reaches 136 meters!

Travelers note that in all the reservoirs of the Urals the water is clear and striking in its purity. Only after the rain does it grow cloudy when its level rises sharply in the pits. The prevailing heights of the Ural Mountains are 1000-1500 meters. These include the Pechora Basin, where coal is mined.

Also, the Ural Mountains are famous for their minerals: oil, peat, natural gas. This region is a real storehouse of large reserves of copper, nickel and zinc ores. In addition, natural massifs also store precious metals: silver, gold and platinum placers.

Modern researchers emphasize that in the zone South Urals is the main point of timber extraction. Preservation of forests is the main task of the Ural mountain systems. Today this territory is under protection, since it is here that famous parks and reserves: Serpievsky, Ilmensky, Ashinsky.

Birds and animals of the Urals

Perhaps some readers will be confused by the height of the Ural Mountains and will lead to the question: “What is the animal and vegetable world in these places? " The most widespread species of birds are kites, followed by tits, which feed on pupae of caterpillars and insect eggs.

Also in the mountain forests of the Urals, the common cuckoo, jay, starling, jackdaw, chaffinch and hoopoe flutter at ease. It is curious that a small king bird lives in the coniferous forests. Locals nicknamed her "the Ural hummingbird" because her body is smaller than a matchbox. For almost all birds living in this area, forest berries, fruits and tree seeds are an important food. Such birds as northern pikas and black grouse feed on needles and cedar seeds.

Endangered species

The average height of the Ural Mountains generally does not exceed 800 meters. This is the lowest part of the massif, which is called the Middle Urals. The number of animals and birds in these places causes concern among specialists.

They think they can keep some this moment complicated. These include: desman, European mink, burial eagle, whooper swan, marsh harrier. Therefore, most of them are listed in the Red Book. In the zone of the Ural Mountains, more than 6 species of woodpecker and a rare species of the white-tailed oran were recorded. In the steppe zones, birds of prey live: a kite, a falcon and a hawk.

Different inhabitants

Foxes and wolves can be found in almost all the forests of the Urals. They mainly hunt roe deer, deer and hares. The tundra, in turn, is rich in ermines and polar foxes. The dexterous wolverine loves the coniferous deciduous forest, and the marten and the formidable brown bear live in the dense taiga.

Some wanderers emphasize that the most common animals live in the Ural Mountains. However, an interesting flying squirrel lives in the coniferous massif. It is about the same size as a regular squirrel. Its coat is yellow in appearance with a gray tint.

The unusualness of the animal lies in the structure of the skeleton: in appearance it resembles a large bat. True, without wings. The flying squirrel feeds on various insects and bird eggs. One can talk endlessly about the Ural landscapes. The flora and fauna are so diverse here!

Perhaps for curious travelers, apart from the question: “What absolute height Ural Mountains? ”, It will be interesting to see this place with your own eyes - Narodnaya Gora. It was already mentioned at the beginning of the topic.

The famous hill flaunts with clean lakes and circus grounds. There are also mysterious glaciers and luxurious alpine meadows on the mountain. It is best not to limit yourself to correspondence acquaintance, but to actually visit these wonderful places.

One of the first to map the Ural Mountains was Ptolemy. As far back as the 11th century, the Russians called the Urals the Earth Belt or Big Stone. TravelAsk will tell you about the highest point of this mountain system.

Ural record holder

The highest peak of the Ural Mountains is Mount Narodnaya. Its height is 1895 meters. It was discovered in 1927 by the geologist A.N. Aleshkov during an expedition to the Northern Urals.

Outwardly against the background of the rest of the mountains Subpolar Urals it does not stand out in anything other than its powerful height.

Geographically, the mountain is located on the border of the Khanty-Mansiysk district of the Tyumen region and the Komi Republic, and if we talk about the top itself, then it is shifted towards the Khanty-Mansiysk district. Although this peak is located in a remote area of \u200b\u200bthe Subpolar Urals, from the very day of the mountain's discovery this place has become a favorite area for tourists and romance lovers.

Mount Narodnaya is very picturesque: there are lakes hidden from prying eyes, glaciers and snowfields.

The terrain is an alpine relief with deep gorges and steep slopes.

About the name

In fact, the mountain has 2 names: Narodnaya and Narodnaya, that is, with an emphasis on the second and first syllables. The first name is quite understandable - the mountain, according to the unspoken rules of communism, was dedicated to the entire Soviet people. The second name is explained by the fact that the river Národa flows at the foot of the mountain.

Also in the literature of the Komi Republic there are names in the Komi language, derived from the name of the river, "Narada" or "Narada-Iz", they came into use in the middle of the twentieth century.

About the discovery of the mountain

In general, the Ural Mountains are famous for the fact that the highest peak here could not be determined for a long time.

For a long time, the highest point of the Ural Mountains was Mount Sablya, its height is 1497 meters. Then this title passed to the top of Telpos Iz, whose height is 1617 meters. As the research was carried out, the championship was taken by Mount Manaraga, the height of which was initially determined at 1660 meters, and then at 1820 meters. Well, then Manaraga and Narodnaya “fought” for the first place, as a result the first peak was lower, and Narodnaya got the first place.

Research expeditions

The history of research on the Narodnaya territory is not particularly rich. The thing is that these areas are difficult to access: they are hundreds of kilometers from the nearest settlements.

The very first expedition of scientists visited here in the period from 1843 to 1845. It was headed by the Hungarian explorer Antal Reguli. He mapped the mountain under a different name - Poen-Urr. This group of researchers studied the life and language of the Mansi people, their beliefs and customs. It was thanks to Reguli that the kinship of the Finnish, Hungarian, Khanty and Mansi languages \u200b\u200bwas first proved.

About climbing

Narodnaya is an uncomplicated mountain; even a person who is not engaged in mountaineering can conquer the peak. However, you need to be in good shape, since the hike itself takes about a week on average, because you need to get to the mountain on foot.

For those who wish there is even hiking routes with an instructor and with the provision of the necessary equipment, their cost is on average 15 thousand rubles per person. The most favorable period for climbing is summer.

The Ural Mountains, also called the "Stone Belt of the Urals", are represented by a mountain system surrounded by two plains (East European and West Siberian). These ranges serve as a natural barrier between the Asian and European territories, and are among the oldest mountains in the world. Their composition is represented by several parts - polar, southern, circumpolar, northern and middle.

Ural mountains: where are they

A feature of the geographical position of this system is considered to be the length from north to south. The hills adorn the continent of Eurasia, mainly covering two countries - Russia and Kazakhstan. Part of the massif is spread out in the Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk, Orenburg, Chelyabinsk regions, Perm region, Bashkortostan. Coordinates natural object - the mountains run parallel to the 60th meridian.

The length of this mountain range is more than 2500 km, and the absolute height of the main peak is 1895 m.The average height of the Ural mountains is 1300-1400 m.

The highest peaks of the array include:

The highest point is located on the border dividing the Komi Republic and the territory of Ugra (Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region).

The Ural Mountains reach the shores belonging to the Arctic Ocean, then they hide under water for some distance, continue to Vaigach and the archipelago New earth... Thus, the massif stretches in the northern direction for another 800 km. The maximum width of the "Stone Belt" is about 200 km. In places it narrows to 50 km or more.

Origin story

Geologists argue that the Ural Mountains have a complex way of origin, as evidenced by the variety of rocks in their structure. The mountain ranges are associated with the era of the Hercynian folding (late Paleozoic), and their age reaches 600,000,000 years.

The system was formed by the collision of two huge plates. The beginning of these events was preceded by a rupture in the earth's crust, after the expansion of which an ocean was formed, which disappeared over time.

Researchers believe that distant ancestors modern system have undergone significant changes over many millions of years. Today a stable situation prevails in the Ural Mountains, and there are no significant movements from the earth's crust. The last strong earthquake (with a power of about 7 points) occurred in 1914.

Nature and wealth of the "Stone Belt"

While staying in the Ural Mountains, you can admire the impressive views, visit various caves, swim in the lake water, experience adrenaline emotions going down the course of the seething rivers. It is convenient to get around here in any way - by private cars, buses or on foot.

The fauna of the "Stone Belt" is diverse. In places where spruce trees grow, it is represented by proteins that feed on the seeds of coniferous trees. After the arrival of winter, red animals feed on independently prepared supplies (mushrooms, pine nuts). Martens are found in abundance in mountain forests. These predators settle nearby with squirrels and periodically hunt for them.

The ridges of the Ural Mountains are rich in furs. Unlike their dark Siberian counterparts, the sables of the Urals are reddish in color. Hunting for these animals is prohibited by law, which allows them to reproduce freely in mountain forests. In the Ural Mountains, there is enough space for wolves, elks, and bears to live. The mixed forest area is a favorite spot for roe deer. The plains are inhabited by foxes and hares.

The Ural Mountains hide a variety of minerals in the depths. The hills are fraught with asbestos, platinum, gold deposits. There are also deposits of gems, gold and malachite.

Climate characteristic

Most of the Ural mountain system covers a temperate climate zone. If in summer season move along the perimeter of the mountains from the north to the south, it can be recorded that the temperature indicators begin to increase. In summer, the temperature fluctuates at + 10-12 degrees in the north and +20 in the south. In the winter season, the temperature indicators acquire a lower contrast. With the onset of January, northern thermometers show about -20 ° C, in the south - from -16 to -18 degrees.

The climate of the Urals is closely related to air currents arriving from the Atlantic Ocean... Most of the precipitation (up to 800 mm during the year) permeates the western slopes. In the eastern part, such indicators decrease to 400-500 mm. In winter, this zone of the mountain system is under the influence of an anticyclone coming from Siberia. In the south, in autumn and winter, you should count on little cloudy and cold weather.

The fluctuations typical of the local climate are largely due to the mountainous relief. With increasing altitude, the weather becomes more severe, and temperature indicators vary significantly in different parts of the slopes.

Description of local attractions

The Ural Mountains can be proud of many attractions:

1. Park "Deer Streams".
2. Reserve "Rezhevskaya".
3. Kungur cave.
4. An ice fountain located in the Zyuratkul park.
5. "Bazhovsky places".

Park "Deer Streams" located in the city of Nizhnie Sergi. For lovers ancient history the local rock of Pisanitsa, dotted with drawings by ancient artists, will become interesting. Other prominent sites in this park are caves and the Great Gap. Here you can walk along special paths, visit observation platforms, cross over to right place by cable car.

Reserve "Rezhevskoy" attracts all connoisseurs of gems. This protected area contains deposits of precious and semi-precious stones. It is forbidden to walk here on your own - you can stay on the territory of the reserve only under the supervision of employees.

The territory of the reserve is crossed by the Rezh River. On its right bank is the Shaitan-stone. Many Uralians consider it magical, helping in solving various problems. That is why people constantly go to the stone, wanting to fulfill their dreams.

Length Kungur Ice Cave - about 6 kilometers, of which tourists can visit only a quarter. In it you can see numerous lakes, grottoes, stalactites and stalagmites. To enhance the visual effects, there is a special highlight here. The cave owes its name to the constant subzero temperature. To enjoy the local beauty, you need to have winter clothes with you.

Of national park "Zyuratkul", located in the area of \u200b\u200bSatka, Chelyabinsk region, arose due to the emergence of a geological well. It is worth looking at it exclusively in winter. In frosty weather, this underground fountain freezes and takes the form of a 14-meter icicle.

Park "Bazhovskie mesto" associates with the famous and beloved by many book "Malachite Box". This place has created full-fledged conditions for vacationers. You can go on an exciting walk on foot, by bicycle, or on horseback, while admiring the picturesque landscapes.

Anyone can cool off here in the lake waters or climb the Markov stone hill. In the summer season, numerous extreme lovers come to "Bazhovskie mesto" in order to descend along the mountain rivers. In winter, the park will be able to experience just as much adrenaline while riding a snowmobile.

Recreation centers in the Urals

All the necessary conditions have been created for visitors to the Ural Mountains. Recreation centers are located in places far from noisy civilization, in quiet corners of pristine nature, often on the shores of local lakes. Depending on your personal preference, you can stay here in complexes with a modern design or in antique buildings. In any case, travelers will find comfort and polite, caring staff.

The bases provide for the rental of cross-country and alpine skiing, kayaks, tubing, snowmobile rides with an experienced driver are available. On the territory of the guest zone, there are traditionally barbecue zones, a Russian bath with billiards, children's playhouses and playgrounds. In such places, you can be guaranteed to forget about the bustle of the city, and fully relax on your own or with the whole family, taking an unforgettable memory photo.

The Ural Mountains are located between the West Siberian and East European Plains. Their area is 781,000 sq. kilometers. Many travelers dream of getting to this miracle of nature in order to see with their own eyes all the splendor of the famous mountain range... Also, tourists want to know the name of the highest peak of the Urals in order to climb it or appreciate the entire power of the Urals at the foot of this mountain.

Mount Narodnaya is the highest point in the Urals. Its height is 1895 meters. The mountain is located on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug and belongs to mountain system called the Subpolar Urals.

origin of name

There are two pronunciation options of this name... In the first case, the stress is placed on the first syllable - Národnaya. The thing is that this mountain is located near the Národa River, whose name sounds in the Komi language as “Národa-Iz”.

But during the Soviet era, this name was very consonant with the popular communist slogans. At every step they talked about the party and the people, so it was decided to rearrange the stress on the second syllable, making this peak a socialist property of the Soviet people.

In scientific and reference books, different stress options are indicated. In the 1958 textbook on geography, a name is indicated that correlates with the name of the river. And in the book of 1954 there is evidence that "Narodnaya" is the only correct pronunciation option.

Modern scholars believe that the emphasis should be on the first syllable. This is the official pronunciation of the name.

Summit history

In 2016, scientists found that for the first time this peak was marked on maps in 1846 by a geographer from Hungary named Antal Reguli. Antal researched the history of the Mansi peoples, trying to understand the origin of their language. Later, the scientist proved that Hungarian and Mansi languages \u200b\u200bhave common roots.

Antal Reguli explored the high peak and gave it the original Mansi name Poen-Urr, which means "crown".

Five years later, an expedition led by E. Hoffmann was sent to this peak. As a result, data on geographic location mountains and its features.

For a long time, it was believed in scientific circles that this peak was discovered not by Antal Reguli in the 19th century, but by the explorer A. Aleshkov with his expedition in 1927. New data was released only in 2016.

Despite this, Aleshkov's expedition played a very important role. After all, it was he who measured the height of Mount Narodnaya, after which the peak officially became the highest point of the Urals.

It should be noted that when visually assessing the height mountain peaks it is difficult to understand which one is higher. Mount Monarga stands out for its size. It was she who was considered for a long time the highest point of the Urals. But after the study of Aleshkov, all the data were carefully checked. In scientific works it was indicated that not Monarga, but People's peak is a giant mountain. She is 200 meters taller than her neighbor.

Summit climate

Peak Narodnaya is covered with glaciers. It is located in a cold climate zone. Long frosty winters prevail in these parts. average temperature the air in the cold season is -20 degrees Celsius.

Heavy snowstorms and freezing rains are frequent guests of these places. IN summer time the temperature rarely rises above 10 degrees.

If you want to conquer the top of the Urals, be prepared for harsh climatic conditions. Even experienced travelers will find it difficult to resist the vagaries of nature. Therefore, it is better to take a reliable guide with you.

The most best time for climbing the mountain - July and August. During this period, there are no storms, and the sun is shining.

Geographical position

This giant is located between two mountains, which are named after the famous explorers of the Urals - Didkovsky and Karpinsky. The most picturesque view of Narodnaya opens from the top of Mount Karpinsky.

The majestic rocky slopes, covered with snow-white glaciers, attract the attention of tourists. And the highest point of Mount Narodnaya is shrouded in clouds.

This peak is located in a deserted area. Settlements not nearby.

Near the mountain giant is located Blue Lake... Travelers who go hiking in the Urals often set up their camps on the banks of this picturesque reservoir. Its height above sea level is quite high - 1133 meters.

Tourism and Peak Narodnaya

Due to the flourishing of tourism in the second half of the 20th century, the Urals became a destination for many Soviet travelers. Mount Narodnaya was no exception.

Every extreme lover at heart dreamed of visiting the most high point Ural Mountains. Therefore, over time, commemorative plaques began to be located around the top. Students tried to record their feat, so they brought souvenirs and flags to the top of the mountain giant.

In 1998, the Russian Church installed an Orthodox cross on the main peak. A year later, a religious procession took place along the slopes.

So from a wild inhospitable mountain Narodnaya turned into a hospitable giant.