What is the difference between the island from the peninsula. Find out what is the island different from the peninsula from a scientific point of view

Probably everyone dreamed of getting on uninhabited islandAnd I did not exception. This is a great opportunity to check your strength, find out what you are capable of. In the meantime, I am in a civilized world, I will be happy to tell what is the islandAnd what unusual islands are on our planet.

What is peninsula and island

If you open the dictionary in search of the definition, you can detect 2 the meanings of the word "island". First - part of the sushi, which is limited from all sides with water. The second meaning is: Plot having characteristic features Compared to the rest of the terrain. At the same time, under the peninsula implies part of the sushi, one side adjacent to the mainland either island and washed with water from others. Among the many islands and peninsulas would like to mention the largest and, accordingly, the smallest. So:

• Arabian - most big Peninsula;
• Yamal - the smallest peninsula;
• Greenland - most big Island;
• Bishop Rock - The smallest island.

Islands is enough interesting places On our planet, each of which is unique in its own way. Limited space affects literally in everything. For example, many birds falling on the islands pass your way of evolution Being not flying. So Cocapa, Dodo, Kiwi and thousands of other species appeared. A thorough study of this phenomenon showed that, unlike mainland fellow, island birds possess less developed muscles and longer legs.

Separated from the rest of sushi islands as if "cut off" from the rest of the worldAnd the time there goes to your guy. Many islands are populated by aborigine, whose culture is unique in their own way.

There is unique "Dust Island", unintentionally created by man. In fact, it is a huge spot of garbage, which gathered in a single whole under the influence of oceanic currents. It is located this "island" in the Pacific Ocean, and in the area there is no damp of the US sizes.

Pheasan IslandIn principle, nothing is distinguished among the sets of others, but something special is still in it. For a long time he was the subject of disputes and even wars between Spain and Francethat in the end led to a rather original solution. Half of the year on the island "hosts" the municipality of the Spaniards, the remaining half of the year is in the authorities of the French.

Island ship Located in the Atlantic. Of course, this is an ordinary island, but according to the documents - the ship! The thing is that at the time of its development, the treasury did not have free funds for its content. Then enterprising islanders renamed it to "The craft" Ascension "standing on the raid"And they themselves signed up with sailors.

On our planet there is different sites Sushi, surrounded by water from all sides. The biggest ones are planetary form of relief, called continents or continents. Sushi areas of smaller sizes are called islands.

Islands

The difference between the islands between themselves is not only in size, but also in origin. What raised them above the sea? In some cases, the islands - the raised parts of the shelf (underwater outlook - approx. If they do not reach the surface, there are shales, banks; rising from the water, become the islands. Scientists have established that because of the ocean level fluctuations, many of the shames often became the islands and On the contrary.

Islands Madagascar and Socotra off the coast of Africa, Newfoundland Island off the coast North America - These are plots of sushi with the same geological features as the mainland himself.

The biggest island in the world is Greenland - quite compare the area with the smallest mainland - Australia.

The numerous islands of the central and southwestern parts of the Pacific are combined into a whole island country, named ocean. The islands groups are united into archipelagoes. Sometimes they consist of 2-3 islands, sometimes from the countless number of small islets, as in Indonesia. In transitional zones between continents and oceans, the chains of island arcs - archipelagments located along the edge of the deep-sea gutters are often stretched. These are Aleuta, Kuril, Japanese Islands. In essence, it is the tops of the underwater ridges created by volcanic processes - approx. In such areas, seismic danger, frequent earthquakes and eruptions are increased. For no accident, these island arcs are included in the famous "Pacific Fire Ring".

Volcanic islands are the tops of underwater volcanoes, climbing above sea level. Such, for example, Islands: Santorin in the Aegean Sea, Hawaiian, Galapagos, Easter, Tahiti in the Pacific, Azores, Iceland Island in Atlantic. Canary Islands In its base, they have a corru of a continental type, which is attached volcanic cones. Islands Mediterranean Sea At the coast of Sicily: Wulcano, Lipari, Stromboli, as well as Madeira also volcanic origin. In the history there were cases when the underwater volcano, waking up, created a building in the form of a cone or cliff over the ocean surface, which the waves immediately destroyed.

Peninsula

Peninsula - Sushi sites surrounded by three sides with water far-frowning in the seas and oceans. They have a different shape. If these sites are narrow, with a pointed end, they are called capes. Often on the capes are beacons, warning with their light about the close ground, about possible reefs, chalk.

In the north of Russia, long elongated peninsulas received the characteristic name "nose", for example, Peninsula Kanin nose.

Sometimes the peninsula is washed by the waters of several seas, for example, the Scandinavian Peninsula - the waters of the Baltic, Northern, Norwegian, Barents Seas, and the famous Mausi Gorn and Good Hope Separate the Great Oceans.

Each peninsula is unique in their form, as, for example, Apennine, similar to boots, or Somalia Peninsula, Nicknamed "African Horn".

When flooding the scenes on land or mouth of rivers, bays are formed. This is the origin of the estuary - the bay in the form of a funnel at the mouth of a large river. The most famous estuaries are Girona on the River Garonne in France, La Plata - Estuary of the Parran rivers and Uruguay in South America.

Sometimes themselves sea \u200b\u200bwavesmoving huge masses of pebbles and sand, create islands and peninsula - braids, perepening separating from sushi secluded bays and limans. Some such peninsula change their form several times a day under the influence of marine tides.

Reefs and atolls

The picturesque islands-atolls are folded by corals. Coral reefs are usually formed in tropical shallow (from 50 m to the first hundred meters - approx ..

Atoll is coral island In the form of a solid or torn rings, an endless shallow pool - lagoon. Especially numerous coral islands in the Pacific Ocean. In the Indian Ocean, almost all islands - the atoll. Snow-white sand beaches of such islands - destroyed material corals. Although the island is composed of coral limestones, it can be volcanic. Corals begin to settle on the residues of destroyed underwater calders of volcanoes, which are located near the surface of the ocean.

The biggest coral building is big Barrier Reef. The east coast of Australia.

What is the difference between the island from the peninsula?

A separate part of the sushi, from all sides, surrounded by water is called an island. This part of the planet of the Earth can be compared with the mainland, because they are also surrounded by water. The difference consists only in size - the island is less than the mainland.

Part of the mainland, which is surrounded by water from three sides is called the peninsula.

Island

The islands are of different sizes, they differ in origin. How did they form? In most cases, the islands are the raised sections of the shelf (underwater part) of the continent. When the sushi sections do not protrude above the water, they shall form; Rising above the water level, they form the islands. Scientists brought that due to tides and sings, they often turned out to be turned into land and vice versa.

On the planet there are islands that consist of corals. Coral reefs are formed in tropical shallow seas, on wide zones of shames.

Peninsula

Peninsula are different for the form. The Apennine Peninsula has a boot form. Narrow, pointed peninsula called capes. There are a lot of them in the north of Russia. In the capes are building lighthouses that can warn sailors about the long-awaited land, about nearby reefs, shallows.

There are peninsula, which are washed by the waters of different seas. Baltic, North, Norwegian, Barents Sea surround the Scandinavian peninsula. Under the influence of marine sings and tides of the peninsula, they can change their contours several times a day.

Peninsula - the territory connected with the mainland on the one hand is washing water from three sides. The island from all sides is washed with water and does not connect with land. The area of \u200b\u200bthe island can be measured, and the Peninsula Square is tensile.

Large islands and peninsula

(Greenland Island)

The largest island on the planet - Greenland is equal to the smallest mainland - Australia. Famous Islands: Haiti, Madagascar, Cuba, Greenland.

(Oceania Islands)

A real country from small islands in the central and southwestern parts of the Pacific Ocean is Oceania.

(Andaman and Nicobar Islands Archipelago)

Canadian Arctic, Large Sunda Islands, which are the vertices of the underwater ridges form archipelagoes. The archipelago is a few islands - sometimes several islands, and sometimes - a reasonable amount forms a whole chain.

(Easter Island)

Some islands have volcanic origin. They are crater of underwater volcanoes. For example, Easter Island, Iceland Island.

Industan, Kamchatka, Indochina, Scandinavian, Alaska, Apennine, Arabian, Balkan, Brittany - Large Peninsula on Planet Earth.

On the planet Earth landscapes are extensive and picturesque. Meadows and fields, rivers and sea, mountains and plains produce a unique relief on it. The traveler would be nice to have with him not only a high-quality camera, but also a map of the terrain. And in order to navigate the map, it is necessary to remember at least the basic concepts from school geography.

For example, how to distinguish the island and peninsula? Of course, the pilot of the aircraft and the bus driver know where tourists brought. But whether tourists will be able to understand where they are. After all, the concepts are not only dry wording, but also a number of differences.

Determine Island

The island from all sides is washed by waters, towering over them. The biggest island in the world is. It is located in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, belongs to the State of Denmark. Island MadagascarWater washed Indian Ocean, smaller sizethan Greenland, and accommodates the whole country of Madagascar with the capital of Antananarivo. There are many major islandswhere two states are located. For example, Cyprus, Haiti, Kaliman and Timor are divided between neighboring countries.

What are the islands?

Islands are born from continents, volcanoes and coral reefs. So, British Isles once separated from Eurasia, and Canadian Arctic Archipelago - From North America. The islands of mainland origin are composed of the same breeds as the mainland generated. Outwardly, even their relief is similar.

The islands of volcanic origin are only in the quiet, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. They arise from that part of the volcano that towers above the water. Sometimes such islands are formed during the spread of lava, which was crowded from the train.

(Local Rapanui) is a famous island of volcanic origin, washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean. This is the most appreciated locality. All the soil on it is formed from the collapsing slopes of the volcano, so there is almost nothing growing. Most tourists are heard about the Istukans of the MOAI, for which the island is visited. So these statues are created by residents from volcanic ash, compressed by natural processes in Zherech. Even local lakes are formed in the craters of volcanoes, and the rivers are not at all.

Sometimes the Vulcan's island itself also destroys it. For example, it happened with an island that rose from the coast of Iceland on November 19, 1963 after the eruption of the underwater volcano. By the end of October 1965, the island died. Iceland itself is also an island of volcanic origin, and the largest in the world.

Coral island, or atoll, are a narrow ridge in the form of a ring. They are formed around the warm lagoon from coral skeletons. The process of compressing the remains of corals with new polyps occurs for a long time and leads to the formation of pictorial coral reefs. Atolls are more common in Indian and Pacific Oceans. Previously, there was no special navigation technology, such reefs represented a serious danger to navigators.

The most famous atoll islands are the state of the Maldives. The chain of twenty-atolls is slightly elevated above the water, so this state is the lowestmost above sea level. Maldives lagoon filled with pure water azure water.

The islands in the rivers are formed from the nanos, which water brought to the mouth of the river or lower her mouth. But there are also floodplain islands that arose in the formation of the new river in the floodplain.

The most famous in Russia river Islands Located in St. Petersburg. A hare island has an area of \u200b\u200b28 hectares, located in the Room of the Neva, separated from the Petrovsky Island by the Kronverki Strait. The biggest island in the Delta of Neva - Vasilyevsky. Petrovsky, Stone, Pharmaceans and Elagin Islands are also located in the Neva Delta. Each of them is the magnificent monuments of the architecture of the city.

Differences of the peninsula

The peninsula with one side is attached to any mainland or island, and the remaining three of it are in the waters of the sea, lake or river. The world's largest peninsula - Arabianwhose area exceeds 3 million km². The Arabian Peninsula is located in Southwestern Asia and accommodates seven countries. It is almost all covered with sands, but rich in oil, which serves as a source of prosperity of Arabian states.

Types of Peninsula

Peninsula are divided into joining, struggling and accumulative.

The joining peninsula does not have a common origin with the mainland, to which he is attached. For example, Peninsula Hindustan - This is a piece of the Indian platform, who joined the mainland of Eurasia.

The inflated peninsula geologically similar to its mainland. Crimean peninsula - this is the southern part of Russia, and Kola Peninsula - east End Baltic shield.

The accumulative islands are the waters of rivers and lakes. They are formed when accumulating the jumpers on the jumper between the island and the mainland. The largest accumulative peninsula - the Veslovsky Peninsula on the island of Kunashir, which is part of the Kuril Reserve.

And how to designate a small piece of sushi at the very end of the island, peninsula or shore? Such a protrusion is called Cape.

Now it is easy to understand why the Peninsula on the mainland can be reached by land, and it is impossible from the island. After all, the island is separated by water.