All you need to know about the Crimea Peninsula. Features of different regions of the Crimean Peninsula

The natural features of the Crimean Peninsula's natural features are surrounded by the sea from four sides, and only Perekop's stakes width in seven kilometers connect it from a large ground. Crimea Square - 27,000 km2. He is less than Switzerland, but more Israel or Cyprus, and the length of its coast is 2500 km.

The climate of spring in the Crimea, especially on the coast, usually protracted, wet and windy. The most unpleasant month is March, but rains with fogs are not uncommon and in May. But the autumn is dry and sunny here, besides good seasons temperature sea water Not falling below 18 ° C until the end of October. Summer in the Crimea roast, in the steppe temperatures reaching 40 ° C. On the coast a little cooler thanks to the sea breeze. The strongest air warms up in July: on the coast, the temperature rises to 36-38 ° C, and on the vertices of the mountains - up to 27-32 ° C. However, over the summer there are no more than 20 such hot days. Large Yalta local residents Call "Oven". Her valleys and beaches are covered with mountain varnish, which does not miss the cold wind. The warm breath of the sea and the evergreen vegetation of the southern coast make the local air fragrant and healing. Winter in the Crimea is soft and low-speed: Sustainable snow cover, which would have held at least thirty days, only in the mountains, not less than 400-600 m above sea level. The higher - the colder: every 100 m "lowers" the temperature of 0.6 ° C. At the Plateau Ai-Petri climate look like near Moscow, except that the wind is stronger here, and on the northern slopes of babugan and chatrdag usually cooler than in the suburbs.

Characteristic landscape: Once the southern slopes of the mountains of the Crimean Peninsula were completely covered with subtropical forests of the mountains in the Crimea left the trail and slow formation processes, and sudden planetary cataclysms. There are solid volcanic rocks - Gabbro-diabases, a diorite, granite-porphyr and others, of which Karadag, Bear Mountain (Ayudag), Castel. Over Alupka, you can see diabaz "chaos" (natural journey of diabase blocks). But South Demerji over Alushta consists of a fragile bulk conglomerate - a mixture of sand, clay and rubble. However, the main material of the Crimean Mountains is the limestone of coral reefs (Mountain Sokol, Eagle, Karaul-Ba, Ai-Petri) and sedimentary rocks (most of the Crimean Mountains). Limestone forms funnels, wells, mines and multi-tiered, bizarre form of the cave - in the Crimea there are more than a thousand. The deepest such cave is a soldier mine on Carabi-Yai (517 m). The central, north and western part of the peninsula is a steppe. In the East, it goes to Kerch Kholmogorier, and under the Feodosia, the main mountain range begins - the chain of ridges, vertices and the flatbed, which are called ialas here. The length of the ridge, which stretches from the southwest to the northeast of the Crimea, is 180 km, and its average height is from 600 to 1000 m. To the north of the main one (internal) ridge is located about 600 m. For the second there are also The third ridge is completely low. Further - only steppe. And such a beloved vacationer South Coast of Crimea is narrow, no wider than 12 km, sushi strip between the sea and the foot of the main mountain ridge.

Gurzuf and Ayudag in the evening coast, beaches, limans from the mainland We get into the Crimea through Sivash - Small Bay Azov Seawhose area is 2560 km². His shores, cut off by bays, form braids and peninsula, and in the Bay itself there are about 60 islands. Sivas depth for the most part does not exceed 1 m and only in rare places it reaches 3 m, and its bottom is covered with a thick layer of il. Water in the bay is much straw marine. Arriving in summer to 42 ° C, it makes a putrefactive smell, why Sivash is called rotten sea. From the Azov Sea Sivash separates the long narrow braid of the purest yellow sand - the Arabat arrow. It begins from the Kerch Peninsula and ends in front of the ingenious. Genic (thin) Strait of 100 m width breaks up Arabatka, linking Sivash with the Azov Sea. From the northeast, the Crimea washes the shallow - the depth does not exceed 14 m - and warm (the temperature of the water can reach 30 ° C) the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov, rich in plankton and fish. However, the most comfortable for swimming shallow beaches with yellow sand are located on the Eastern and west coasts Crimea. This is arabat Kerch Peninsula, Theodosiy bay - and another 130 km of "golden" sands around Evpatoria. But on the south coast and on both sides of him, from Koktebel to Sevastopol, the coast is covered with a broken waves, more or less rolled rock. There are stony beaches - only in some way the shore lies small pebbles, "and they are all separated by insane waves. And the most beautiful capes with coves are located among the ancient coral reefs of the new world. Best on South Coast Beach from a major sand is located in Sudak Bay. Further, west, among the wild cliffs, there are pebble bays with cozy beaches, but the closer the mountain to the water, the more such places are less. There are still wide natural beaches in Alushta, but in Yalta they are mostly artificial. They are quite suitable for recreation, but for underwater hunting, diving or swimming with a mask is not suitable. All these joys can be obtained 20 km from Yalta, in the Blue Bay. The shores from the castel to the fiolent Rocky, the sea here is deep. The coast of the western Crimea is broken, places of clay (Kalayt bay). Recently, visitors rated the nature of Athlesh and Dzhangul at Cape Tarkhankut. These roughly broken rocks, grotted by sea and underwater caves are attracted by swimmers, scuba and scuba heads, underwater hunting lovers. In the Crimea, about 50 salty lakes - Limanov, of which 26 are recognized as healing. At the bottom of them, bold black Il - Peloid accumulates, or therapeutic dirt. In the balneological resorts it is used to treat patients. One of the most famous such resorts is the Sakskoe Lake (it is located next to the town of Saki, which is 20 km from Evpatoria), on the shores of which several sanatoriums are located. The first local mudhouse opened here in 1827. Sakskoe lake at 13 times the sea; A person can lying on the water, read the newspaper.

Lake Sivash The vegetable world in the Crimean Peninsula is about 2500 species of wild-growing higher plants (of which 240 endemic, that is, growing only here), and about 30,000 species can be found in the botanical gardens and parks. The plain Crimea is a dry steppe, wind, anhydrous. Plants are mostly short-lived, withered, tough, prickly - acacia, thuja, skumpia, rarely - poplar. Often there is a loss silver. In June, he blooms, and in an amazing, a heavenly aroma will not compare with him a single wild Crimean plant. The estuary and sivas are growing with salt-resistant herbs. Tulips bloom in May, then poppies. The steppe is beautiful at this time. In the mountains, juniper grows, leaning, dogwood, oak, ram, alder, ash, rosehip, holding-tree, wild apple tree and pear, Alycha.

Dogwood in bloom. In a wild form, this beautiful plant is found in the mountains and on the shores of rivers on the southern slope of the main ridge, above 600 m, beech-robber forest begins. Over big yalta, at an altitude of 400 to 700 m, stands pine forest, the Crimean beech is growing above. The Crimean sausage bark is thicker than ordinary, the needles are longer, the bumps are larger. And the resin is twice as much. Therefore, the healing, the most saturated with phytoncides air - above Yalta. On the southern shore of the plant bloom round year. In October-November, Musmula blooms, roses are blooming secondly, wild daisies appear in the southern mountain slopes; Pale violet unscrewing, korovyat and pizhma, sometimes snowdrops. In January, a freezer blooms in the gardens, almond and galantus whites can be revealed. In February, the time of jasmine, honeysuckle, wintering, crocus, almond, in March - wild almonds and dogs, levko and dairy, Japanese quince, Bagrynik and Magnolia, with her large, lonely, pinkish and white buds are coming. In April, the gardens bloom, the main decoration of which is Alycha, Apricot and Peach. In May - roses, tulips, buggers, wisteria, "golden rain". In June, Magnolia blooms, pink whites of Lenkran Acacia, Techom, Oleander, Smallostennik, Lavirovna, Yucca ... and so the whole year.

Magnolia flowers are one of the symbols of the subtropical paradise the farther from Alushta to the East, the poorer is nature: many subtropical plants simply disappear. Along the road onto Sudak, besides the usual oaks and rabies, poplar, pistachios tupoliste (wild, with inedible fruits), skumpies, hawthorn and rosehip, wild apple trees, and pears, and holding a tree with spines, similar to fishing hooks. The animal world in the Crimea found 58 types of mammals and about 300 species of birds. From small mammals, we will mention field mice, gopers, tushkars, hamsters (in the steppe), wildly voracious earthkers. On the summer night hunt (on mosquitoes, midges and small butterflies) flying bats in the caves in the caves. Hedgehog, protein-televice with Altai, hare-rusak - everything is about as on the continent. There are foxes steppe and fox mountain, stone, ferret, ferret, caress. But the wolves see very rarely. From the hoofs in the forest most of the goal, sometimes the Crimean noble deer and wild boars can be seen.

Grinding chick. Crimea is one of the few regions of Europe, where these rare birds have preserved the biggest birds of the Crimea - black vultures. In second place in size of seats of whiteheads. And those and others remained very little in the Crimea, even hundreds do not get. Dyatlas, hawks, falcons, owls, black crows, shocks, frozards live in mountain and lowland forests. In the steppe - drofs and almost disappeared strepties. In the nursery near Belogorsk, golden pheasans were brought at one time, and the bird was settled throughout the foothill. Silver seagulls, gulls-hoochuny fly over the sea, divers, peganks and cormorants are plunged under the water. Crimea is separated from the mainland narrow, inaccessible for migration to the cereal, so there are many endemics, for example, the Crimean grainy bugger is a large, up to 5 cm, harmless purple beetle. But the Karakurts are danger to people. Small and unwashed, they are very poisonous. They live mainly in the steppe of the peninsula, so that on the west and east coasts it is better not to walk on the grass barefoot. Skolenders live in raw mixtures. However, they may well cover and in a tent. This is a long, reaching 20 cm of the creature similar to a huge forty-glass. By walls, floor and ceiling, the scolenders move with frightening speed. It is advisable to avoid a close acquaintance with them: after their bite, the temperature rises for several days. From the Crimean snakes of poisonous only steppe viper. In the mountains and on the southern shore, Gadyuk is not. The rarest and most beautiful of local lizards - Crimean Gecko. He lives only on the southern coast, from Alushta to Chersonesos. From November to April, the Geckons are in a hibernation, in the summer they lead a nightlife, feeding in insects and spiders, and in the afternoon they are hiding in the slits among the stones.

Crimean Geckon can sometimes be found on the southern shore sea flora and fauna in the Black and Azov seas growing 270 species of red, green and brown algae. The Crimean shores have most philloofors and cystosira. In the thickness of the water there are two types of jellyfish - safe plane aurae and burning, like nettle, bluish root. Small fish swim close to the shore: sea horse, marine needle, dogs, green. On the day there are marine cats (tapestrokes with poisonous spikes) and foxes, Cambals. On the stones - Sea Yershi (Spemen), also with poisonous spines. The drums are grabbed in the sand, they are sultanka. Kefal, Pilengas (Far Eastern Kefal), Gorny, Katran (Black Sea Shark) are inhabited at depths. This shark for a person is not dangerous: she never attacks him. The more dangerous of all the little fish, similar to the staunch, but with three needles in the dorsal fin. These needle contains a poison of such force that, while driving, you can run all vacation. Fishermen called this terrible fish by the sea dragon. At night, from the rocks, the crabs are chosen ashore. The predatory mollusks of Rapana, who moved to the Black Sea from the Southern Seas, in search of food creep on the mussel, reveal its sash and stretch the contents. Dolphins of three types are inhabited in the Black Sea: Fatsya (Sea Pig), Belobook and Apultin. It is Afalin that is usually shown in dolphinarities.

Crimea is rich recreational resources. His geographical position and weather Created conditions for the formation of unique biological complexes. What exactly, consider in this article.

Natural zones of the Crimean Peninsula

Three main natural zones are distinguished:

• steppes;
• high-rise region;
• trestious evergreen forests (Mediterranean).

Fig. one. Detailed map natural zones Crimea

Most of the peninsula rank steppes. This is a flat territory, fully mastered by man. In the northeast, semi-desert steppes and salt marshes are closer to the Azov sea.

The biggest richness of the plain part of the Crimea is his fertile land. It is represented by chernozem and dark chestnut soils. To date, 70% of the territory of the steppe is mastered by man. Here are plantations of corn, rice, wheat, sunflower, and grapes.

Fig. 2. Vineyards in Crimea

Among the plants are prevailed by Kovyl, Ticacc, perennial cereals. The spring field is hidden by plantations of amazing colors: tulips, iris. Animals will fall in minks. These are gopters, tushkars, ferrets, hamsters, various mice. Many steppe birds.

Natural zones of mountainous arrays

Foothurines represented by forest-stepm. The main representative of this part is oak. Also many other Mediterranean plants: Maple, Hawthorn, Bearinglet, Pistachios, Turn.

On the northern and southern slopes of the main ridge of the mountains - broad forest forests. Soil here - mining and forest. A special place on the tops of the mountains is given to the Crimean Pine. This tree is low, but with a very wide and empty crown.

Fig. 3. Landscape in Crimea

Yaylah is covered by mountain steppes and meadows. The soils are appropriate: mining and mountain-meadow. Flora is represented by cereal steppe plants, meadow flowers. Spring iala is covered with crocuses, Edelweisss are often covered.

Yayyi is the Turkic name of pastures on the mountain peaks.

The coastline of the Crimean Peninsula is covered with dry juniper-oak forests and shrubs characteristic of the Mediterranean climate. Plants grow on brown soils. Among unique species There are: Derizhetyevo, Sumy, Skumpiya, Lanenik, Walnut, Almond.

Many species of animals mountain Crimea Fully exterminated by man. Right now in wildlife You can meet only a deer and a roof, boar and mouflon. Predators are even less: Cute, Fox, Lask.

What did we know?

Crimea is a rich fertile region, fully mastered by man. Wild forests in this region practically did not remain, and all unique animals live in reserves. At the same time, here is very rich nature: the steppe edge in the north of the peninsula, the most beautiful largest forests on the southern and northern slopes of the mountain range and the amazing hot Mediterranean region on the very coast of the Black Sea.

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The natural complexes of the Crimea are very violated, although these changes, unlike other regions, are not always negative. And now it happens unreasonable human intervention in natural processes. As a result of excessive cutting down in the nearby past, the Crimean full-fledged oak forests turned into low-spirited thumbs up, and in the eastern part of the southern shore of the Crimea, the forest was destroyed at all. Now there are forced to invest significant funds in the deposit of dry bare slopes, in order to avoid erosion and landslide processes. In the Crimean mountains, about 120 environmental properties. The largest of them are the reserves of Crimean, Yalta, Karadagsky.

Picture 13 from the presentation "Crimean Mountains" To the lessons of geography on the topic "Mount Russia"

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Mountains of Russia

"Mountain breeds" - Metamorphic rocks. Minerals are characterized by hardness, density, color, glitter, temperature and other properties. Magmatic. Salt. Organic. Granite. Magmatic rocks. Rocks. Limestone. Coal, limestone, chalk, shell. Chemical. Sedimentary rocks.

"Crimean Mountains" - in the Crimean Mountains about 120 environmental properties. River stock regulated by waterfronts. Natural vegetation represented by low-spirited forests, thickets of shrubs, dry herbs. The average temperature of January +1 ... + 4 ° С. The climate in the mountains has its own characteristics literally on every mountain range.

"Mountains of the Urals" - parts of the Urals. The edge of the West Siberian Plate. Malachite. Geographical position. SAMI northern part The Urals consists of rocky placers (rocks and remains). Four of the Zauralye. In the east of the snow falls less, and frosts reach 45-50? P. Stone belt of the Russian land - Ural. Temperature regime also has its own characteristics.

"Mountains in the Caucasus" - big caucasian Ridge. Elbrus. Local lezgins are called Mount Kicendag, which means "Mount of Fear." View of Bazarduzyu. Basdazu. Dykhtau. mining system Between the Black and Caspian Sea. Height is 5204 m, that is, height is inferior in the Caucasus only Elbrus. And at a height of approximately 3900 m stands a modern little church.

"Altai Mountains" - aware of 212 endemic species, which is 11.5%. Altai is a large mountainous area located in the central part of the country. Altai - Golden Mountains. Altai is divided into central, northwest, northeast and oriental. Here they originate the largest rivers Western Siberia. - Ob, Irtysh. "Altyn".

"Mountains of the North Caucasus" - subalpine meadows. Big Egorlik. Summer wet and cool. Snow ice. Mountains of Russia. A kind of plain axis is the Kuban River. The area is famous for the high crops of wheat, sunflower, sugar beet. Minerals. The Caucasian Rivers are divided into plain and mountainous. Caucasian Mountains - The highest mountains of Russia.

Total in the subject of 10 presentations

Who does not know about the Crimea? This peninsula is known to all. It has an excellent relief, which contains a large number of architectural monuments and historical notes. And what is the healing air over him! ..

Crimea is also called "Australia in Miniature", first of all, because such a small unique peninsula is located immediately in three climatic zones. In general perspective, the climatic features of the entire peninsula are close to a moderate climate. The flat part (in the north of the peninsula), called the Crimean steppe, is characterized by a moderately continental climate and a mountain belt, called Crimean mountains. South coast Crimea is represented by a subtropical climate.

In addition, in Crimea, you can find many types of plants that grow only on this peninsula and a variety of endemics animals. In addition, surprisingly, but on such a small (area of \u200b\u200babout 26,000 km2) is up to 50 salty lakes. This is in the past sea bays, called still limans. They are separated from the sea with non-strokes of land, on which natural beaches are placed. Of 257 rivers and rivers of the longest river, there is the Saligir River, and the very thick-breeding - Belbek. The coast of the Crimean Rivers is indescribable picturesque. The mouths of many of them for many years have formed gorges, canyons. They am striking with their beauty and waterfalls, which in the Crimea more than 25. Study-Su is the most majestic of them. Its height reaches 100 meters, and Kuchuk-Karasini waterfall is one of the small ones. Its height is only 2.5 meters.

Presence high mountains And the proximity of such seas as black and Azov, the existence of historical places determine the uniqueness of the peninsula for tourists.

Flora of the Crimean Peninsula

The vegetation world in the Crimea is peculiar, unusual and diverse. On the territory of the peninsula, more than 2535 species of plants were recorded, which is almost 2 times more than on the whole. Plants are unique here, since the twentieth part of them is found only in the Crimean Earth. These include: Stankevich's pine, hawthorn junk, hawthorn Klinoliste, Stephen male, Rowan Krymskaya, Crimean lemongrass, Kryvsky Covel, Zizyprofora Crimean, Ehremus Krymsky, Smolevka, Yalinskaya and others. In addition, there are many such species of plants that have not changed over many millions of years. They are called plants - relics. Here are the names of some of them: the tees berry, the Sumy is a tanning, the strawberryman is fine-grade, skumpia of the leather, Lanenik Crimean, Rare Orchid "Commercial Crimean" and many others. The list of diverse flora has more than 1000 species of plants, which were delivered by people over many years of the existence of this section of the Earth.

The South Coast of the Crimea has changed significantly due to the active human activity. This part of the coast has built many existing health and resorts. In this regard, 80% of plants growing here, leavings from other corners globe. For example, take the birch, which was brought 230-250 years ago from. And such exotic plants like figs, cypresses, almonds, ferns, tulips, cyclamen, and the like, also fitted well on someone else's Crimean Earth.

Fauna steppe and foothill zones of Crimea

In connection with the uniqueness of the geographical location of the Crimean Peninsula, there is a large number of peculiar animals. Thus, scientists were established that mammals on the peninsula up to 60 species, and birds are 280 species. The amazing fact of the fauna of the Crimea is considered to be the clarity of the change of its species from the northern point to the south. It also became obvious that animal world At this section of the sushi is presented much more modest, in comparison with nearby areas of the mainland.

In the steppe territory, rodents live, such as: Susliki, hamsters, tushkans, gluttones, public voles, mummifs, cunning mice, etc. They are attracted to the fields in the field. The presence of these rodents explains the predators here and predators. This is: steppe fox, badgers, steppe ferrets, cunits, caress. Here you can meet a steppe viper, which is considered to be a poisonous, as well as yellow-covered and Crimean lizards.

The steppe part of the peninsula is famous for the large number of birds, especially waterfowl. Only in the bird reserve, which is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Carcinite Bay, more than 230 species of birds are registered and approximately 85 species of them nest here. Among them: steppe larks, pures, foddes, beasts, fi-phuts and many others. Captures the spirit of existence different species Swans, Drops, Cranes and Herons. There are also predatory birds. For example, a rare kind of steppe eagle, which hunts rodents. In the forests, starlats, pancakes, finches, fuses are searched.

In the foothill zone there are Ussuri raccons, mummifs, blonds, rabbits, squirrels and hares of Rusaki. The characteristic feature of the Crimean Zaitsev has the fact that they have a gray color of wool all year round. It is rich in this area and mixed types of species of birds: garden oatmeal, nightingales, starlats, dalks, rugs, forties, tvalki.

Fauna Mining and Forest Zone and Yaylova

Lani, roelli, noble Crimean deer live in mining and forest areas. Large animals are found: wild boars, mountain forest fox. Among the rodents you can see the badger, a cunita, yellow-threshing and forest mouse, sully pool.
In the forests, you can hear the voices of the starlings, cinkers, chaffins, shcheglov, dyatlov, sleds, drokes, wipers, raspberries, zozul-cuckoo, etc.. Of bats In this zone there was a large horself. Regarding the predatory feathers, then there are: a fineness, rewrother, eagle, black neck, mousetrap, cauldron, owl-neasy, etc.
The representative of the reptiles lives in the mountain forests - a copper-copper, which is perfectly climbing on trees.
Quasha, Tritons live in swampy water lifts. The presence of drunk hemps, fallen leaves, bark of trees favorably affect the lives of a great set of insects: snails, Usach-Rosalia, Coroedov Zhukov, the caterpillars of silkworms and many others.

Yaylas are the most not suitable territories for the lives of large wild representatives of the mammalian detachment, since the precepts of sheep's herds almost destroy the vegetation cover of the vertices of the mountains. But here you can still meet lizards and various insects. In addition, the representatives of the pennate will revive this sad picture of lifeless corner. There are: SIP, OREL-BELOVOST, Vulture, Blue Stone Drozd, Mountain Imp.

Fauna South Coastal Zone

It seems that this section of the peninsula should be the most favorable for the lives of many representatives of wild animals. But this is far from that. Mammals not a single species here are not found, but the birds are presented in a huge amount of species. So, at this corner of the Earth they live: black frills, finches, horikhavostki, falcons-capsana, strife, apt, starfish, forty and others. Of the reptiles, such representatives are allocated: lizard, gecko, yellowopuses, leopard poloz, Triton. Thanks to the climate, favorable conditions for the lives of a variety of insects are created: ants, Cycad, Bogomolov, Crimean Grudelice, Butterflies and OS.

On the coast, you can encounter scorpions and phalanges.
It is impossible, of course, not to say about animals sea coast. Literally the entire coast of the Crimean Peninsula pleases guests with its lively. Flocks of grooves, crocheant stars, intelligent cormorants, greedy pieces, horses, squirrels, chirks, gagar, krajakv, ceremony and others. Tirelessly fly along coastline In search of food.

And how many waterfowl here? Swans, silvery seagulls, flamingos arrive here. These include very carefully. In the area of \u200b\u200bEvpatoria, Lake Lake is located, where Swans nest throughout the year. In addition to them, they live eggplanes, herons, ducks. There are cases when Pelicans arrive at the Lake Lake.

Ichthyofaun Crimean Peninsula

Almost one third of representatives of freshwater fish, and this is up to 14 species that live in the Black, Azov seas and fresh water bodies of the Crimean Earth are indigenous inhabitants. Among them, they especially appreciate the Crimean Usachi, the Crimean Shemai, the streams and Salgir fish. 32 of the remaining species over the years arrived from somewhere and acclimatized here. So, thanks to the commissioning in 1975 of the North-Crimea Canal, through its water emigrated from the Dnieper a significant number of fish species: karasi, carps, perch, pikepets, crowded, pike, white amurates.

Among the inhabitants coastal zone You can call: bull-martovik, Cambalu Gloss, Kefal, Zelenushka, sea swallows, sea dog, sea needle, skate. But the meeting with the marine hero can bring a diver or fisherman a lot of unpleasant sensations. The first ray of the spine fin or gill lids resembles the bite of the wasps and causes swelling and temperature increase. The most dangerous inhabitant of the low-water bay or the bay with a sandy bottom is the "sea dragon". Its injection poisonous and resembles a bite of some kinds of snakes. An unwanted counterpart can be attributed to the thage-tower, which was called "Sea Cat".

Of the 4 types of marine animals on the coast of the Crimean Peninsula, you can present dolphins of three species and one type of seal-monks. If we talk about sharks, they are distinguished by two types: a cat shark and a Black Sea shark, called cape. These predators are not large in size and do not pose a danger to humans.

The Crimean Peninsula is shortened simply, is part of Ukraine. Its territory on the one hand is strongly issued to the Black Sea, and on the other hand is washed by the Azov Sea. The length of the coastline is more than a thousand kilometers, and the territory itself is represented by two types of relief - plain (70%) and mountains (20%). SAMI high Point Peninsula - Top Roman-Kos reaches a height of 1545 m.

Crimea: climatic features

For most of the Crimea, a temperate climate is characteristic: softer on the flat part and more wet in the mountains. Directly on the coast climate is close to Mediterranean. Even in winter average temperature By region, plus (in the south to +4 ° C, in the north to +1 ° C). Snow cover is established very rarely, as a rule, once every 7 years. Summer prevails clear and low-aluminous weather. Sometimes sea air masses bring a precipitate on the peninsula, which manifest themselves in the form of plentiful but short-term rains. Autumn is considered the best and comfortable season, especially the so-called "velvet" season - from the beginning of September to mid-October. Weather at this time are moderately warm and sunny. However, later in mid-November, harsh weather changes are possible, including rains and cooling.

Nature of Crimea

The nature of the Crimea Peninsula is diverse and unique. There is here mountain peaks With dense forests and "alpine" meadows, sheer rocks and picturesque waterfalls, wide steppes and fruit gardens, as well as wonderful sandy beaches and warm sea. With its beauty and landscaped manifold, the Crimean Peninsula may compete with the most popular spa resorts of the globe, and if you add to this therapeutic and recreation opportunities of the region, then it claims one of the leading places. The most nature here have been created favorable conditions for phyto, water and mud. And the combination of natural beauty, historical monuments, modern attractions, developed infrastructure every year make Crimea are increasingly attractive for visiting tourists from many countries.

Resorts of Crimea

There is a division of the Crimea to the eastern, western, southern and central part.

In the eastern part of the Crimea Located the most romantic resorts, surrounded by wild cliffs, mysterious grots and blue bays. Feodosia, Kerch, Sudak, Ordzhonikidze, New World and Koktebel - settlements of the Eastern Crimea, each of which is associated with any ancient legend or mysterious history. The climate in this part is dry, and the coast has no sea currents. Sandy shore of the Azov Sea, excellent swimming and magnificent vegetation - the main advantages eastern coast Crimea.

Western Crimea. - This is the flat coast of the Black Sea. On it are such popular resorts As sandy, Saki, Nikolaevka, Evpatoria, etc., are primarily therapeutic and wellness centers, which can be heard from various ailments. In addition, these are excellent seats with family and children. Unlike the eastern Crimea, there are no forest arrays here, and with the sea is adjacent to the endless steppe. In this regard, the air of the Western Crimea is saturated with marine salts in combination with the aroma of steppe herbs. And even in the fastest weather in this part of the peninsula, it breathes easily. Sea beaches, for the most part, sandy, or finely pebble. Western Crimea - a traditional place for tent townships, in particular near settlements Nikolaevka and sandy.

South Coast of Crimea (SKK) It is considered the warm part of the Crimean Peninsula. Its length from Cape Ayia (Sevastopol) to the ancient volcanic massif Kara-Dag (Sudak) is about 150 km. For this territory, the Mediterranean climate is characterized in combination with pure mountain air. Tropical trees grow here, and the locals grow grapes. Due to the fact that in the south shore over 150 days a year, the air temperature does not fall below +15 ° C, the health resort of this region specialize in the treatment of people with diseases of the organs of the respiratory, nervous and cardiovascular system.

The southern coast accommodates two major resort associations - Greater Yalta and Large Alushta. Big Yalta includes such resorts like Yalta, Alupka, Gurzuf, Foros, etc., only 21 urban-type settlements and 9 villages. Every year in Big Yalta, over one million tourists is resting. In addition to Alushta, herself also includes partenit, fishermen, a brought, small lighthouse, a professorial corner and other villages and villages. The total length of the big Alushta is 80 km.

Removed from the sea, but this is no less popular central part Crimea. Simferopol, Bakhchisarai, Falcon - Popular tourist places. The area is primarily valued historical monuments times civil and great Patriotic War, architecture of the Middle Ages, as well as numerous natural objects. Valley of Ghosts, Red Caves, Mount Camel, Waterfalls Jur-Jur and Raven, Canyons and other unique excursion routes Available to everyone to get acquainted with the nature of the Central Crimea.

Crimea: Attractions

The Crimean Peninsula annually attracts many tourists not only sandy beaches, warm sea and healing air. Many come here to visit his unique historical and architectural monuments, get acquainted with the local culture and admire modern achievements.

The most visited attractions of Crimea are:

• Alupkin Palace (also known as Vorontsov Palace). It was built at the beginning of the 19th century as a residence of the Governor General of Novorossiysk Count Vorontsov. It has about 150 rooms in it, and he himself combines the Gothic, Neootsky and Moorish style.
• "Swallow's Nest". Architectural constructionsBuilt on the head cliff of Cape Ai-Todor. Outwardly reminds medieval castle. Today is located there viewpoint, Restaurant and souvenir shops. This is a kind of symbol Southern Shore Crimea.
• Bakhchisarai Khan-Saray Palace. On its territory there are palace corps, harem, mosque, gardens and famous Bakhchisarai fountain.

• Cableway. Connects the village of Mishar from Plateau Ai-Petri and raises tourists to the height of bird flight. From the top station there is a picturesque view of the coast from Foros to Sudak.
• "Cave cities". Buildings dated 5-7 centuries and constituted directly in the rocks of the room, which are combined with land facilities. These are whole cities, castles and monasteries created in special placesforming the so-called natural fortress.
• Nikitsky botanical Garden. Includes the top park, Nizhny Park, Primorsky Park and Montador Park. The collection of plants collected from around the world exceeds 30 thousand species. Here the only Californian oak and the "iron tree" grow here. The garden will not leave indifferent and each time it can be discovered for itself something new.

The list of sights of Crimea is almost endless, because for each person something unforgettable can be the fact that the other will not even notice. Only arriving here and appreciate all the charms of this place on their own, you can really understand what Crimea is actually.