Large islands in Lake Onega. Onega Lake on the map of Russia

Onega Lake - This is the pride of Russia, is in the northern part of it. It is huge in its size, in size, among freshwater reservoirs in Europe, is inferior only to Ladoga Lake.

And in area on Globe It takes the 20th place. Lake Manits amateurs of amazing fishing and connoisseurs of harsh nature with dense forests and interesting historical places. Water in the lake is fresh and very clean. Onega Lake on the map of Russia is simple, it is easy to carefully consider tags and know the location.

Onega Lake on the map of Russia

On its location, onega lake is united by two areas - Leningrad and Vologda, as well as Karelia, is located in the Baltic Sea basin. But its main part is still located in Karelia - 80% of the Lake Square.

On the shores of Onega Lake are the cities of Medvezhiegorsk, Petrozavodsk, Kondopoga, Perenets, Shuya, Girvas. Nearby Pindushi, Pyage, Claimuzhi, Sandy and other settlements. In total, they are 57, but the bulk of the population, about 90%, lives in the three largest cities.

Part of the Lake Square (about 50 sq. Km) is the islands, the most largest is the island of Kizhi, Suisari, Klimatsky, Kerk and are located, mainly in the northern part of the lake. It is noteworthy that there are already 50 rivers in Onega Lake, but the source takes only the Spear River, which connects this lake with Ladoga.

How to get?

You can get to Onega Lake different paths - Both by train, and your car, and water. From any city you can come to Petrozavodsk by train and start your journey from this city, and maybe it is limited to them. On the train you can come to the city of Kondopoga, and in Medvezhiegorsk, and in Ascension, and in Sturge.

Considering the fact that the lake shipping and belongs to the water highway, they regularly run the boats on which you can go to the opposite coast, without making a car hook along the shore.

To the islands of B. summer time From Petrozavodsk without problems can be reached by "comet", but in the winter it will be more difficult. There will have to stop your choice on a helicopter or try more extremal way - snowmobile or boat on airbag, straight on ongoing ice.

Onega Lake Interesting Facts and Origin

The origin of the lake of the lake glacial-tectonic, and this means that it originated due to the melting of the glacier in the places of tectonic decreases of the earth's crust.

Due to the glacier, certain form of relief were flooded, which made it possible to appear different widths of valleys and high ridges. Well, the water of the melting glacier filled the Latio Sea first, which over time was reborn in the lake.

In the place where the lake is now located, 400 million years ago everything was covered by the shelf sea. But there is no reliable information about the origin of the name of the lake, and not even in all sources recognize one more name, saying that it is not relation to this lake.

However, Onego is the ancient Russian name of this lake, which cannot be said about the word "Onega", because this is the name of the river, which does not even come into contact with the lake.

According to one of the versions, the name of the lake occurs from Finnish language and means "sound", that is, a sonorous or noisy lake. There are other versions about what can mean the name. Whether this is a lowland plain, translated from Samsky, whether significant and huge, translated from the Baltic-Finnish. And there is an option that translated this name means pleasure or satisfaction.

What a lake Onega: Features

Onega Lake is not a simple freshwater reservoir, it is the purest water, and a variety of fish, which means favorite place Fishermen and underwater hunters, and beautiful nature, and crystal air, and raised shores, and magnificent sunrises, and charming sunsets.

There are almost 50 varieties of fish, many of which are of industrial importance, and this is almost all of those that are found in Karelia. The fishing season begins with the middle of May and continues until December.

Of course, given such favorable conditions for fishing, in many areas you can rent boats and fishing equipment, which will make it easier for the fate of tourists and add a variety of their rest.

Every year, the Russian Sailing Championship is held here among cruising yachts, collecting a huge number of fans and tourists. The lake is shipping, however, frequent storms often make water freight. Passenger Transportation Waters are not regular, but some routes are constant.

sights

The entire coastline of Onega Lake is sisite attractions - these are a variety of architectural buildings, and temples, and interesting historical villages.

True, getting to all these objects is not so simple, so be prepared for a long campaign, in which there will be few hotels and guest courtyards, but there will be many villages with hospitable owners.

If you have enough time to drive around the whole shore of Onega Lake, then you are going to the way, you will not regret. Well, you can start a trip from major city On the lake - Petrozavodsk.

Petrozavodsk What area and far?

This city is the largest in Lake Onega, the capital of the Republic of Karelia. Of course, the places that you should visit in this city are more than anywhere else in the lake. Be sure to visit National Museum Karelia and get acquainted with the life and color of the Russian north.

There are also famous petroglyphs that attract tourists so much. But S. contemporary art In the form of a variety of sculptures, you can meet by visiting the promenade of the city.

In addition to avant-garde compositions and monuments, there are constantly various unusual events and historical reconstructions. Immediately you can admire the lake or go on the water to Kizhi Island.

Various attractions, including the ferris wheel with a wonderful view, are waiting for you in Petrozavodsk Culture and Rest Park. And if you want to see the three millionth collections of stones and minerals with our own eyes, it is necessary to go to the Museum of Geology of Precambria.

Also, in Petrozavodsk there is therapeutic resort Martial waters with healing mud and museum about its history, as well as with wonderful healing air. Do not forget about the Museum of Post, and about the Maritime Museum, and the Museum of Industrial History.

Although the foundation of the city began with the construction of plants and did not think as a place for tourism, over the years, many places have accumulated here, forcing people to overcome huge distances to see them.

Karelia City Medvezhegorsk

This is one of the old Russian cities in the Lake Onega. As understandable by the title - its feature is a huge number of bears.

True, there is nothing to be afraid, mostly they are made of wood, bronze or gypsum. You can hardly see the real shaggy bear. But there are other attractions.

For example, centenary railroad stationwhich retained its external appearance and even the heating system since its construction.

Do not move away from the station, but look at the History Museum railway transport. Also visit the Local Lore Museum, which was equipped in beautiful building in the form of a ship.

But, of course, the main attraction is the nature of Onega Lake surrounded by pine forest. It is interesting here in winter and summer.

In the warm time of the year you will be pleased with the campaign for mushrooms, which here are a great diversity; and fishing with a mandatory catch in the form of roach, Czech or even Soma; and water travel on the boat; and unforgettable beach rest on a shallow sand; and healing baths in the shungite pool.

But with the onset of cold weather, a bearish skiing complex and other snow fun should be measured - to ride ice of a frozen lake or in the snow on aeroons, in dog sledding or with other unusual devices.

Kizhi Island on what lake?

The main attraction is not even the island of Kizhi, and the unique Museum-Reserve for its territory is on its territory open sky, one of the largest in Russia.

Wooden architectures in his possession are not possible not to please the eye. There are no accommodation and hotels on the island, only ancient buildings, samples of peasant settlements, churches, mills, chapels, barns.

Be sure to leave to visit Kizhi at least a whole day, because so that everything needs a huge amount of time and you will not want to skip the slightest corner.

And if you want to prolong acquaintance with this place for a few days, you can rent a room on any neighted IslandFrom there, organize excursions or simply transferred to boats.

However, organized excursions to this federal significance reserve are sent from St. Petersburg, and from Petrozavodsk on the ship, and in winter on dog sledding on the ice of Onega Lake.

The most remarkable building of the island of Kizhi can be called the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord. You can't miss it for sure and you can see from any point of the island, because it is a 11-storey building height. Wonderful facades, smooth, perfect looks of wooden dome, located at different heights, reimburse the fact that the church can be admired only outside.

It strikes with her majesticity and impress the awareness of what it was built without a single nail. But to go inside you can in the Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and see the ancient icons and paintings of church content.

In general, listing all the sights of the island is not possible - each building, each mill, has a cultural significance, is of interest and is famous for a certain history.

Visit the house of the peasant Oshevneva and the House of Sergeeva, compare Water and windmill, Look at the vintage bath and admire the chapels. And do not neglect the time for a relaxing pleasure of nature, which is beautiful anywhere on the shores of Onega Lake.

City of Kondopoga Karelia

Previously, this place was a village, and now the second largest city in Karelia after Petrozavodsk, but more ancient. In addition to their attractions, the city of Kondopoga is famous for the cute lakes and rivers located in the district, excellent nature, wonderful fishing and the possibility of organizing alloys along the Sun River.

Holland made the city a wonderful gift - these are bellygal compositions, emitting incredibly melodic, charming sounds.

The bells are located on the arch, as well as on the pillars, and the ringing is controlled using modern computer technologies. Of course, not to do without a local local lore museum, in which the exhibits tell the history of transformation and reincarnation of the Condust, as well as the life of the Karelian people.

When you get tired of visiting museums, go straight to the Kivach waterfall. It is located in the reserve, whose name is consonant with the name of the waterfall. In addition to a ten meter waterfall, three hundred-year pines and arboretum will be filled.

From natural beauty, it can be noted Mount Sampo, which is considered the place of incredible strength and fulfillment of desires. Mountain can be considered looking platformWith which there is a magnificent view of Onega Lake and adjacent forests.

Do not be lazy and go to the top of the top, because for this you will not need too much effort, but the result will cost that - you enjoy the look of the beautiful.

Klumenetsky Island

Most big Peninsula Onega Lake is a Zanezhsky, located in the northern part of it. But south of him is located the most big Island - Klumenetsky, in the territory of which the Holy Trinity Monastery is located, or rather his ruins.

He is significant in that he acted in the 18th century and is almost the most old stone monastery On the territory of Karelia.

Archaeologists and tourists will definitely not bypass this place by the party and enter their eyes to see the preserved fragments of the frescoes.

Of course, this is not all attracts the island. He manits lovers lone rest In nature, since there is an opportunity to forget about the fuss of the outside world, to divide and sunbathe on the sandy beach.

Lake Onega can be attributed to the treasures of Karelia, where thousands of tourists come from different cities.

Ogean Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in Europe. His other name sounds like it, which is no coincidence. There are several opinions about the causes of the name. From the point of view of scientists, the reservoir received such a name from the river flowing next to him. Another opinion is due to the fact that in the area where the water is located, there are often fogs, liaison with what, it received the name of it - translated from the Old Finnish the swirling lake. About 1000 rivers fall into the lake onega, and only one follows - Svir.

Its area is approximately 9.9 thousand square meters. km. The depth on different sections fluctuates. In the northern part, the depth is 127 m., And closer to the south of 20-30 m. Spring for the lake is characterized by water lift, which lasts for 1.5-2 months. Storms are often observed. The weather is unpredictable, the calm can instantly replace the storm. In some parts of the lake, water is so transparent, which is viewed to a depth of 8 m. Water is characterized by high quality.

An particular popularity of the lake is useful among fishermen. What is not surprising at all, because it is famous for fish wealth. It dwells various fish, including valuable commercial, such as trout, salmon. In total, 47 species of fish live in a reservoir. In addition, in the mouths of some tributaries of the lake, there is a double mollusk, which forms pearls with a pea size. In search of a precious ball on the reservoir, the pearls are arrived, but finding a pearl is not a small effort.

Lake Onega is very surprising by its form, the structure of the shores, a complex terrain, water quality, picturesque bays, fascinating sunsets and dresses. Especially fascinate sunsets and dawns. The main shore is sandy, but also encouraging, and even swampy shores. In the middle of the lake there are a lot of islands, there are a total of about 1,500 islands, among which are wild, with dense forests, part of the islands are caught by people.

Among the forests, rocks and swamps Karelia spread its extensive water spaces a large lake of a completely unusual form. Like an unknown monster, it extended to the north of his tentacles-bays; One of them in its form resembles a trunk, the other is a powerful culbage of a huge cancer. This is a lake Onega, or the Russian people called him, the second largest freshwater lake in Europe.

They say that in the ancient right language the word "Onego" means "smoking lake", and this name appeared due to frequent in the area of \u200b\u200bthe fogs. However, some geographers do not agree with this and believe that the name moved to the lake from the river flowing to the east of him (or, on the contrary, the river accepted his name from the lake). It is also called the younger sister of the Great Ladoga. And although it is two times less, but almost good fifty kilometers is longer. It is curious to find out: why Ovarovyi consider these giant reservoirs of Europe sisters?

For this, it turns out, there are serious foundations. Lake giants relatives are not only the fact that they are the biggest on the continent and are not far from each other. The main thing is that they appeared on the light almost simultaneously after the receding of the last glaciers. Large depressions whose bottoms are engaged in Ladoga and Onega lakes, there were still in the wholnikone. They arose in the old geological epochs during the shifts and faults of the earth's crust. Glaciers, repeatedly advancing from the north to the territory of Europe, headlighted, or, as they say, "fallen", the bottom of the lake Kotlovin, made them more even.

The southern and northern parts of Onega lake sharply differ among themselves, especially in the structure and outlines of the coast. South part Lakes is an extensive Plove, central lake. Most of the lakewater is concentrated in it, and the depth here is significant - in places 100-110 meters. The shores are diverse - rocky, sandy, wetlands. Completely different shores in the northern part of the lake. Here it is dismembered by two bays - a large and small Onega Lake. Cropped into the southern tip of the Baltic Crystal Shield, they extended far back to the north.

The eastern bay from the Plove of the Small Onega Lake extends to the north to the city of Medvezhiegorsk and in that area is called Perenets. From him and got his name to the city of Perenets, where one of the most important artificial waterways of our country begins - the White Sea-Baltic Channel, which tied the Volga with the White Sea. Large Onega Lake is divided into bays, which are called lips here. Their three are Kondopogan, Ilem-Gorskaya and Lizhemskaya. The shores of the lip bays are very cut. They are covered with forest, rocks and often break straight to the water with sheer cliffs.

Numerous small bays are separated by cassellas. The ends of the capes aside someone crushed with a giant hammer, and therefore, in many arresters, stone placerings were formed, or, in local, Louds. When strong winds are raging, the Louds protrude from the water. Between the large bays there is an extensive peninsula of the frozen - the edge of the forests, rocks, swamps and ancient legends.

Onega lake is rich in the islands. They are numbered more than one and a half thousand. Covered with dense forests, with shores, rugged bays and bays, the islands give the lake a kind of charm and painting. This was notified by the writer M. M. Svavin: "The islands as if climbed above the water and hung in the air, as it seems here in very quiet weather ..." Indeed, the islands seem like "hanging", because with clear weather they, as if in the mirror Reflected in the smooth surface of the lake.

The largest among the islands is Clemetsky, Big Lelikovsky, Suisari. There are Wild Islands, uninhabited, where the leg of a person is rarely stepping, and there are those that are famous and known to the whole world, such as Kizhi - a reserve, famous for wooden monuments of folk architecture, or southern deer - the tomb of the ancient inhabitants of this edge. Numerous large and small rivers replenish their waters on the lake.

Among them, shuya, Suna, water, Andoma, Vytetem. Some of them are stormy, with thunders and waterfalls, others - quiet and calm. From how much water rivers bring the lakeside, the position of its level depends. In the spring, during the melting of snow, the tributaries become multi-water, lake intensively nourish. His level rises until the end of June. Snow reserves in the pools - the river stock will decrease sharply, the lake level will begin smoothly.

Summer in the pronsection is cool, often breeze. In the afternoon they blow from the lake on the land, and at night - in the opposite direction. The lake is rarely calm - only in quiet summer white nights. Lake Onega is amazingly beautiful with northern harsh beauty, especially when a fixed surface is painted with pinkish glare of the morning dawn. Autumn - rainy, with winds, storms, frosts. Storms raw often. They fly suddenly, take up big waves, break the rafts of the forest, drive the logs to the shores. Neuly at this time on the lake.

From November to mid-April, cold winter reigns in the prion, cold winter reaches, frosts reach -30-40 degrees. At the beginning of winter, the shallow water and bays in the northern part of the lake are primarily covered with ice. The ice station gradually applies to the south, covering all new sites of the lake. The central onega lake does not freeze long. In the large mass of its waters, there is still a lot of heat, and the winds walking over the lake helps to fight the ice stove, hacking the freezing areas.

Only in mid-January, frost conquers water element, calm her, clothes with ice armor. Under the ice shelter, the lake is sleeping until the beginning of the spring. In May I ice melted.

Beautiful northern nature of the soda. This is a truly forest edge with rich wood reserves. Here, the long-fibrous Karelian spruce is growing, which produces excellent quality paper, from the famous Karelian birch birch manufactures beautiful furniture that famous around the world. There are protected groves here, keeping the descendants still Peter first. Moose, bears, wolves, boars, lynx, cuckit, otter, squirrel are found in dense pronzhsky forests. The local reservoirs became the second birthplace of North American Ondatra. Birds here are a great set, including waterfowl; Total about 200 species. The owner of Forest Debreys is a royal deaf.

Forests of the prion is a huge natural berry plantation, where all types of northern edge berries are presented in abundance - lingonberries, strawberries, cranberries, cloudberries, blueberries, raspberries, currants, blueberries. It is famous for the Lake Onega and his fish wealth. It dwells all types of fish characteristic of Lakes Karelia. Perch, Sig, Harius, Koryushka, Ryapushka, roach - the most common fish, can be found in any lake Zakleke. A medihog is found, for spawning it rises up the tributaries of the lake. Live here and valuable fishing fish - salmon and trout.

By the way, trout in the lake did not last before. She is the gift of Sevan, a guest from sunny Armenia. From there, the aircraft delivered millions of eggs of this fish. The famous Sevan Trout (Ishkhan) passed, and the Lake Onega became the second birthplace. Loved here and Baikal Omul. The lake has always played a big role in a person's life. It gells in ancient epic works and in ancient legends. For millennia, a person has created a distinctive culture here, the material marks of which reached our time.

In one of the most famous museums of the world - the State Hermitage in St. Petersburg - you can see exhibits that tell about the culture and art of the ancient inhabitants of our Motherland. In the center of one of the halls is huge stone plate dark red; The polished surface is made by images of deer, swans, fish, people; Here you can see some mysterious signs, in the form of circles and lines. This granite block is a particle of the lake. It is broken on the rocky Cape Ren Nose and brought to Hermitage for universal ferris. Weigh the exhibit tens of tons.

Figures knocked out on the rock, which was brought from the shore of Onega Lake, about four thousand years. The man of the neolithic era lived in many areas of the European North. It was obviously not very horrged winter cold, as evidenced by the remnants of the places of ancient settlements, found even on the shores of the White and Barents Seas. The collected information was allowed to scientists to make a map of the neolithic settlement map. It clearly shows that in some places the settlement are closely grouped, forming as if peculiar "cities" or densely populated areas.

They can be classified as a middle flow of the river Sukhona, the shores of Lake White, God, Lachy, Onega, the coast of the Onega Peninsula and Kandalaksha lips. Nevertheless, of all such places were the most inhabited shores of Onega Lake.

The ancient Onega lake played, obviously, a special role in the life of an neolithic person. It was here that two greatest monuments of antiquity were discovered: Onega Sanctuary and City of dead - Oleneostrovsky grain. From the eastern shore in the lake there are several rocky seats. Some of them are weakly designated and have no names, but five other capes are most famous. This is kataret nose, perm, demons nose, storage room and gaze nose. Modules are folded dark red thick granite. Over the centuries, the wind and waves flooded the surface of the coastal rocks, it became smooth and smooth. On the rocks, right at the water itself, some images are seen on the surface of granite. They are invisible and something resemble children's drawings. There are many primitive images of men, deer, birds, frogs, lizards, boats, tools of labor.

Pictures are located groups and one. Often there are episodes of hunting and fishing. There are images of fantastic animals and birds, and near the drawings of real animals. These are petroglyphs (ancient rock paint images), the creations of the artists of the Stone Age, for which the web served by polished coastal rocks served, and the brush is a flock chisel. On the shores, the lake was found around the six hundred of such petroglyphs. Especially a lot of them, and the most diverse, is on the Cape of the demons. Local residents They called these drawings "demonic traces." The rock photo area was the natural temple of the ancients, where religious rites and ceremony were performed. Ancient people were adherents of the cosmic cult, especially the cult of the Sun, as evidenced by numerous images of this shining. The ancient inhabitants of the Onega coast had not only a sanctuary for the departure of cult rites, but also a generic tomb, where they buried the departed. She is known in the scientific world as a Oleneostrovsky burial ground and is located on the southern deer island. Curious how burial was committed.

At a depth of about one and a half meters, a pit was digging. The bottom of it is plentifully sprinkled with a red okra. She was identified with fire and had to scare the demons of evil. Together with the dead in the pit, clan items belonged to him during life, including stone axes and knives, spears and arrows. Different amulets of stone and bones are found - figures of people and animals; These were the owner's friends: they had to protect against danger, disease, evil eyes, help in hunting and fishing.

Onega lake has been published by faith and the truth served a person. On the shores, he built a housing, in coastal forests hunted, fishing fish in his waters. But even more increased the importance of the lake into our era, when the paths leading to close and distant seas - the White, Baltic, Caspian, Azov and Black are crossed. Three great waterways lead from the lake north, west and south; The White Sea Baltic Channel connects it with the White Sea, and the Volga-Balt (the Volga-Baltic Water Road is called) - with Baltic Sea and the Volga. On the aquatic expanses they slide passenger liners, Boats, boats and, as if gigantic snow-white birds, racing Meteors and Rockets.

On the shores of the lake there are several dozen ports and marins, and among them the biggest - Petrozavodsk, Kondopoga, Medvezhiegorsk, Pieres. Millions of tons of cargo and tens of thousands of passengers are transported annually on the lake. Courts walking from the Volga or Baltic north, cross the lake on the city and are suitable for the city of Polenets. Here the lake path ends. Next, they go along the artificial water road - the Belomorsko Baltic Channel. Lake Onega is located in the center of another waterway - Volgo Balta. This path begins from the shores of the Baltic Sea, from St. Petersburg, goes through the Neva, Ladoga Canals, Sviri, Onega Lake and the Volga-Baltic Channel.

Here's how great the role of Onega Lake, lying at the crossroads of large water highways having the most important national economic importance! This does not exhaust the value of the lake; There are a lot of branches of farms, widely using it natural resources, and first of all fish wealth.

Do you know that the pearls find on the coast of the lake? In the wellhead sections of some tributaries, a bivalve mollusk is found, which forms small pearlescent balls with a large-scale china size. A lot of need to work well with pearls, so that at the rated day of the river among the shells to find such in which the cherished pearl rose. Water Onega Lakes are used to supply settlements and industrial enterprises - forest processing plants, shipyards, machine-building factories, pulp and paper plants. The coast of the lake is a natural pantry wonderful stone.

Multicolor building material is mined here: red, pink, white and other color shades marble, black and greenish diabases, a famous shockinsky quartzite of raspberry color, red, dark red and gray granite. On the island of Kiezi, a Museum-Reserve of Wooden Architecture, where many monuments of folk art were collected. There is something to see what is sincerely surprised at the famous Lake Onega. Everything is unusual here - both the ancient rock paints, and the immortal creations of the Russian architects of past centuries, and the monumental monuments of the modern era - settlements arising from the ashes of the fiction after the Great Patriotic War - and very new cities created in recent years.

No wonder the lake attracts thousands of visitors from different countries of the world to its shores.



This reservoir has an interesting form - in the direction of the north, it stretches with tentacles-bays, its shores are made by many of the Mysters, there are here and the islands that have scorn with violent vegetation. Lakenet is the second largest freshwater reservoir of Europe, it is sometimes compared with the Great Ladoga and call her younger sister.

As you know, almost twice the more of Onega, but they were formed at the same time.

The history of the origin of the lake

On the surface of the Earth, this reservoir appeared, as soon as it was retreated and melted with the last glaciers, filled with a clean water of huge pitchers, which existed long before the formation of the glaciers themselves. Scientists argue that the cause of their appearance became faults and shifts in the earth's crust in the long-standing geological epochs.

Deep water this mysterious lake Seen many amazing creatures that settled here many thousands of years ago. Who knows, perhaps their descendants still live at the bottom of the reservoir.

The lake has an oblong shape, its maximum length, taking into account the mouth of the rivers flowing into it, is 245 km. Its widest part is 91 km long.

About 50 rivers fall into this reservoir, while only one follows - Svir. The maximum depth of the reservoir reaches 107 meters, with the average depth equals 30 meters. The purity and transparency of the water of the water is comparable only with the famous.

Coastline

The reserved is deservedly enjoys unprecedented popular among tourists who love to explore and remote corners of the country. It is worth noting that the two parts of the lake plug separately from each other in the outlines of the shores and their structure.

The southern part (the so-called Central Onega Lake) is a wide spill. It is here that the most concentrated great depthsAnd the shores are striking with their diversity - these are rocks, and sandy shallow and swamps.

The northern part of the reservoir itself was divided into two picturesque bays, which are called small and large ongoing lakes. They stretched toward the north, crashed into their cold waters into the southern edge of the Baltic Crystal Shield. Thanks to the different natural conditionsHere is well developed.

Islands of Onega Lake

The surface of the beautiful Onega Lake is literally littered with numerous islands. In total there are more than 1.5 thousand - large and small, rocky and vegetation covered with vegetation. The largest islands are the islands of Lelikovsky, Klimatsky, Suisari. One of the most famous among them is the original Kizhi Island, famous for its unique monuments of folk architecture.

Some of the islands are wild, they rarely steps a person's leg. Many Islands attract travelers with an excellent opportunity to spend time alone with nature and enjoy the charming landscapes of the Karelian Territory.

Because of the huge amount and diversity of fish, the best in life can be organized here. Especially rich in the water of the lake with such species of fish as grayling, sig, perch, rippushka, roach, born. The medault and such valuable fishing species as trout and salmon are also found here.

In addition to Trout, brought from the Armenian city of Sevan, the Baikal Omul, spread throughout the water, was perfectly accustomed. The picturesque shores of Onega Lake and its numerous islands will be an excellent place for those who are interested in real.

Riddles of Onega Lake

In the famous Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg there is an interesting exposure, which is a huge piece of stone slab weighing several tens of tons. This gigantic boulded was once part of the Lake Onega, or rather, his Rocky Cape Per Nose.

Literally the entire surface of the granite slab is covered with ancient images of swans, deer, fish and people. In addition to live figures, on the stone you can consider numerous signs in the form of lines and circles. What they mean - still a mystery.

Scientists found that age shark drawings Lake Onega - 4 thousand years. The shores of this reservoir have always been populated by people, as evidenced by those found in different places The remains of their ancient standings.

On the shores of Onego there are the unique monuments of antiquity - this is the Oleneostrovsky burial ground (the city of the Dead) and the Onega Sanctuary. Surely there are others here amazing placesuntil inaccessible to man. Salt the ancient riddles of the lake is a great reason to start with its shores.

How to relax on the lake

It is famous for its unique corners of nature, where every person can relax and gain strength. Onega lake is one of these places.

It is worth come here to families or friends, but even lonely travelers will be something in this amazing edge. There are excellent conditions for all lovers of an active lifestyle. Exciting hiking, picking up berries and mushrooms - all this is available to travelers.

Onega Lake is the second largest Lake in Europe. By area, equal to 9900 km 2, it occupies the fourth place among large lakes Russia. The maximum depth does not exceed 120 m. The main tributaries of the Onega Lake - Shuya, Sun and Water. It follows from it. Svir.

Basin of the lake of tectonic origin; It was largely reformed as a result of the activity of the glacier. Especially noticeable influence of the work of glaciers in the northern part of it, which is characterized by rug coastline: Here there is a lot of deep-smoking narrow bays stretched from the North-West to the south-east, that is, in the direction of the glacier.

The relief of the lake bottom is distinguished by the complex structure and extremely uneven distribution of depths. This is the Lake Onega, as well as Ladoga, stands out sharply among other large lakes in the world. About the line Petrozavodsk - the mouth of the water, the lake basin is divided into two sharply different parts: North and South. Its part of it has a smooth relief of the bottom and relatively small depths. Here, in turn, several morphologically isolated parts can be distinguished: 1) Svirk lip, 2) Svirkoena, 3) South Onego and 4) Central Onego.

The northern part of the lake basins has extremely sharp fluctuations in the depths, the presence of numerous long and deep Vpadin or holes separated by elevated bottom sections. A large number of chalks, capes, islands and bays gives this part of the lake shatter. Separate parts of the lake wear independent names: Big Onego, Petrozavodskaya Guba, Kondopoga Bay, Lizhem Guba, etc. The largest lip of the northern part of the lake is Perenets, it has a length of about 100 km.

Northern Coast Rocky, and South, East and Western shore, the bigger part is formed by a chain sand dunesreaching the height of 15-18 m, followed by the swamps sometimes. The whole deep-water part of the lake basin is made by light-green-green sludge, and small coastal parts of the lake - fishing, pebbles and boulders.

The amplitude of fluctuations in the level of the lake is small and is 50-55 cm per year; Its perennial values \u200b\u200bare 1.8-1 9 m to the dependence on the nature of the weather in one or another year there is a different type of annual water level, however for the most part The level of level corresponds to the type of mode with distinctly pronounced, albeit a low spring flood. In century, the level of the lake is noticed a certain cyclicity that is well-consistent with the move of atmospheric precipitation.

It is interesting to note that in Onega Lake Stabrovsky engineer back in 1854, for the first time in Russia, sewage were recorded. This was done many years before sewage lakes began to study the trout.

The water balance of Onega Lake on average for a mertaining period (1887-1939) for calculations produced by 3.A. Viculina; Characterized by the following data (Table 1).

Table 1. Water balance of Lake Onega

The transparency of the water of the lake is relatively small, less than in Ladoga Lake. White disc, lowered into the water, ceases to be visible usually at a depth of 4 m. The water of the lake in the mass has a slightly brownish color due to the large influx of swamp water; Its mineralization is very weak and amounts to 30-40 mg / l, and rigidity is not more than 1 German degree. The greatest values \u200b\u200b(17 °) the water temperature reaches in August; In the bottom layers, even in the hottest periods, the temperature is not higher than 4 °. In the warm part of the year, the jump layer is well expressed and is at a depth of 20-25 m.

The process of freezing of Onega Lake begins with coastal shallow parts and gradually seizes the central deep-sea areas covered with ice much later due to the large stock of heat in water and excitement; This process lasts about 1.5-2 months - from mid-November to the end of January. The cleansing of the lake from ice begins in the southern part of the reservoir in the middle or late April. Most of the lake is revealed in the first decade of May, and central part - In the middle of this month. Onega lake is part of the Baltiyskoga of the Water Way and is a regulator of a sviri drain, the water energy of which is used in hydropower purposes.