Download presentation of the wonders of ancient greece. Greek wonders of the world

He was named the Colossus of Rhodes - the seventh wonder of the world. But this giant did not stand for long - about 70 years, and collapsed during a strong earthquake. It turned out that the sculptor had badly joined his knees, and they could not bear the weight of the huge bronze body. Since then, a proverb has appeared - "a colossus with feet of clay". So they talk about something big, but fragile, push it and it will fall apart. The fallen sculpture lay on the ground for a thousand years. They tried to lift it many times, but everything was unsuccessful. Over time, they began to forget how she looked when she stood. It was said that Helios held a huge torch in his hand, and ships with high masts sailed between his legs into the harbor. In 977 the ruler of Rhodes sold the remains of the giant to some merchant as scrap metal. The merchant cut the sculpture into pieces, transported it to Asia Minor, melted it, and loaded it onto 900 camels, took it to sell pieces of bronze, in which no one could recognize the seventh wonder of the world.

Slide 1

Ancient Greek Wonders of the World Temple of Artemis Statue of Zeus Alexandrian lighthouse Seliverstova Irina Alekseevna, teacher of history, GOU NPO 29, Sarapul.

Slide 2

7 Wonders of the World The first list of wonders of the world is attributed to Herodotus. The list appeared in Ancient Greece in the 5th century BC. e .. All miracles were on the island of Samos.

Slide 3

7 Wonders of the World Historians associate the classic list with the empire of Alexander the Great

Slide 4

Statue of Zeus For over 300 years, the Olympic Games have been held in Greece. They were very popular with the people. They were held in honor of the god Zeus. But the main temple in honor of Zeus was not erected. In Greece, they began to collect donations for the construction of this temple. Construction began in 470 BC. NS.

Slide 5

Statue of Zeus The construction of the temple took about 10 years. But the statue of Zeus did not appear in it immediately. The Greeks decided to invite the famous Athenian sculptor Phidias to create a statue of Zeus.

Slide 6

Statue of Zeus According to legend, when Phidias finished his work, he asked: "Are you satisfied, Zeus?" There was a thunderclap in response, and the floor in front of the throne cracked. For seven centuries Zeus, smiling benevolently, watched the athletes, while in the II century. n. NS. there was no powerful earthquake that severely damaged the statue

Slide 7

Statue of Zeus After the ban of the Olympic Games, thieves ripped off the statue of Zeus, stealing gold and ivory. All that remained of the famous sculpture of Phidias was taken from Greece to the city of Constantinople, but there wooden sculpture burned down during a strong fire. This is how the third wonder of the world died, but the Olympic Games founded, according to legend, by the Thunderer were restored at the end of the 19th century and now they gather athletes from all over the world who are ready to measure their strength in a variety of sports.

Slide 8

Alexandria Lighthouse The lighthouse was built on small island Pharos in the Mediterranean, off the coast of Alexandria. This bustling port was founded by Alexander the Great during a visit to Egypt in 332 BC. NS.

Slide 9

Alexandrian lighthouse Pharos lighthouse consisted of three marble towers, standing on a base of massive stone blocks. The first tower was rectangular and contained rooms where workers and soldiers lived. Above this tower was a smaller, octagonal tower with a spiral ramp leading to the upper tower. The upper tower was shaped like a cylinder, in which a fire was burning, which helped the ships safely reach the bay.

Slide 10

Lighthouse of Alexandria By the 12th century A.D. NS. The bay of Alexandria was so filled with silt that ships could no longer use it. The lighthouse fell into disrepair. Bronze plates that served as mirrors were probably melted down into coins. In the XIV century, the lighthouse was completely destroyed by an earthquake.

Slide 11

Slide 12

Slide 13

Temple of Artemis of Ephesus In honor of Artemis, the inhabitants of Ephesus built near the city, on the site where the sanctuary of the Carian goddess of fertility was formerly located, a huge temple, which became one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Slide 14

Temple of Artemis of Ephesus Funds for the construction were donated by the famous rich man, the Lydian king Croesus. The project of the temple was developed by the architect Khersyphron from Knossos. Under him, the walls of the temple were erected and a colonnade was installed. After the death of the architect, the construction was continued by his son Metagenes, and the architects Paeonius and Demetrius completed the construction.

Slide 15

Temple of Artemis of Ephesus When the completed construction of a huge white marble building opened before the eyes of the townspeople, it caused surprise and admiration. Unfortunately, no one knows exactly how the temple was decorated. It is only known that the best masters of the Greek world took part in the creation of the sculptural decoration of the temple, and the statue of the goddess Artemis was made of gold and ivory.

Slide 16

Temple of Artemis of Ephesus Inside the temple was decorated with wonderful statues by Praxiteles and reliefs of Scopas, but the paintings of this temple were even more magnificent

Ancient Greece keeps many secrets. The architecture and sights of this beautiful country are bright and amazing, so much so that some of them are called wonders of the world. Among these marvelous sites are the Parthenon, the temples of Artemis and Apollo, the Mycenaean Walls and the Ancient Theater of Epidaurus, the Palace of Knossos and the statue of Zeus, as well as the Monastery of St. Peter and the recently renovated stadium in Athens. Below we will talk about all the wonders of the world. ancient greece.

Knossos palace

This palace is located on the island of Crete. It is also called the "Labyrinth of the Minotaur". The palace was built from a variety of stones, and surprises all tourists with its scale. The palace is surrounded by a complex of stones, which resembles a labyrinth. In this palace, the king's family and their servants lived long ago. Absolutely each of the apartments had a kitchen, a pantry, a workshop and a bathroom. Order and beauty are what has always reigned in the palace. On the walls one could see frescoes depicting the life of the ancient Greeks. At that time, water supply and sewerage already existed in Greece. The palace itself was discovered in the 20th century, this palace was excavated for about 30 years. The palace has a huge number of rooms and rooms (according to estimates, more than 1,500 thousand). All rooms are connected by stairs and numerous corridors. There are windows everywhere, and wells are located around the palace as lighting at night. Of the total number of rooms in the palace, more than a hundred rooms were intended only for balls and feasts. The palace was discovered throne room, treasuries and even a theater.

Walls of Mycenae

The huge walls of Mycenae amaze tourists to this day. This building belongs to the legends of the Cyclops. The stones from which the walls are made are incredibly large. The walls are over 8 meters high and about 5 meters wide. Stone lions adorn the walls. The Greeks regard these walls as their protective talisman.

Parthenon

The Parthenon Temple stands at the top of the Acropolis. It was built back in 400 years. BC, in honor of Athena. The way the Parthenon looks amazes everyone - from connoisseurs of architecture to passing tourists who know nothing about architecture. The Parthenon was erected using the oblique erection method. There are no straight lines in it, even the columns are uneven. A couple of centuries ago, there was a statue of Athena in the temple, which was made of gold and an elephant bone. The statue was up to 10 meters high, but, unfortunately, it has not survived to our times. The Parthenon is 30 meters wide and about 70 meters long. The architects who built the Parthenon ordered the workers to grind the marble blocks so that they were the same. And these blocks were fastened together with the help of lead casting and staples.

Erechtheion temple

The temple is located slightly north of the Parthenon. This temple is in the Ionian style and was built around the 5th century BC. The structure itself looks just flawless, and the columns are made in the form of Caryatid figures.

Temple of Apollo

In honor of Apollo, a temple was erected in Arcadia. It was built after the Parthenon was completed. The temple itself differs from the Parthenon in that every year the temple rotates by about half a degree. Externally, the temple is in the Doric style, and inside the Ionic style is visible. One of the columns is made in the Corinthian style. The sculptures from the temple, which were repeatedly tried to steal (they were discovered after the temple itself was discovered), are in the British Museum.

Epidaurus Theater

Everyone knows this theater. Reasonable construction, which is specially made so that sounds occurring in the middle of the theater can be heard on all steps around. There is no such acoustics anywhere in the world. Sounds bounce off the stones, and even quiet conversation will be heard. And resonators built into the walls are tuned to a specific wavelength, helping to improve the sound and its quality. The construction of the theater was completed in the 2nd century BC, but it was found only in the 19th century. In a theater, the stage, the orchestra pit, and the seats for the audience can be clearly divided. The entire theater, except for the stage, is perfectly preserved. The stage itself is surrounded by ruins. This theater was dedicated to the god Dionysus.

Monastery of St. Paul

The monastery is located on a very steep slope, where there are 15 chapels. This monastery was built around the 14th century. Since then, the monastery has repeatedly suffered from fires, but it has always been restored.

The Colossus of Rhodes

This statue is officially listed as a wonder of the world. In ancient Greek mythology, there is such a god Helios, who patronized the island of Rhodes. It was on this island that the statue was erected. It has been built for over 10 years. The statue itself was enormous in height and width. The legs of the Colossus were a huge arch through which ships sailed. The statue was erected gradually, starting from the feet. The legs were made of a wooden frame and then sheathed in bronze. There were a huge amount of stones inside the statue. To sheathe the statue completely, it took more than 200 tons of bronze. The statue stood at the entrance to the island for over half a century, but was then destroyed by an earthquake. Nowadays, several architects have already tried to start a new project and restore the Colossus in Rhodes, but neither the first project in 2008 nor the second in 2015 has yet been implemented. There are legends that if a new statue is nevertheless built, a strong earthquake will happen on the island of Rhodes and destroy not only the statue, but the island itself.

Pharos lighthouse

The famous lighthouse, the fire of which was visible 60 kilometers before approaching trade port Alexandria. The design of the mirrors made it possible to achieve this effect. The lighthouse got its name because of the island on which it was located. Foros was located near the shores of Alexandria. This lighthouse is also called the Alexandria lighthouse. The port of Alexander the Great, in whose honor the second name was given to the lighthouse, created largest port in the Mediterranean at that time.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

A wonderful wonder of the world - the Gardens of Semiramis. These gardens adorned the royal palace of Babylon as early as the 4th century BC. The gardens were located on four tiers, which stood on columns. The irrigation system with which the gardens were watered was very clever and cunning, and no one knew about it. Therefore, the gardens seemed like a real miracle.

Theme: Seven Wonders of the World of Antiquity
Municipal budgetary educational institution Sadovskaya secondary school, branch of Lozovoe village Lozovoe village, Tambov district, Amur region
MHC. Grade 7 Compiled by the teacher of the Russian language and literature Efimova N.V.

Homework Check: What is Art? What kinds of art are there? What are the means of expressiveness in literature? In music? In painting? What is the ideal? The ideal of a person in different eras? And what is the ideal in our time? What do you think the ideal person should be? What qualities would you choose for an ideal person?

I have seen thy walls, Babylon, on which there is roomyAnd chariots; I saw Zeus in Olympia, The Miracle of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the colossus of Helios, And the pyramids are the deeds of many and hard labors; Enai Mavsol is a huge tomb. But as soon as I saw the palace of Artemis, the roof lifted up to the clouds, Everything else faded before him; outside Olympus, the sun sees no beauty equal to it anywhere. Antipater of Sidon (II -I centuries BC)

Art is a "mirror". Look into it - and you will see yourself, people, their era. Long ago in a small country on the shore Mediterranean Sea, in Ancient Greece, people gathered together and began to talk about amazing countries and distant cities and about the "seven wonders of the world." Seven wonders of the world - this is the name of the glorified in antiquity architectural structures and statues. Thousands of years separate us from those distant times.

Miracles are scattered throughout the earthly world: 1. Pyramids - Egypt 2. Hanging gardens- Babylon 3. Statue of Zeus - Greece 4. Temple of Artemis - Ephesus (modern Turkey) 5. Tomb of Mausolus - Halicarnassus (southwestern Turkey) 6. Colossus of Rhodes - an island in the Mediterranean Sea (Greece) 7. Lighthouse in Alexandria - Pharos island (Egypt)

The ancient Greeks loved to travel and talk about what they saw in distant lands. One such traveler was a certain Philo, who lived in the 4th-3rd centuries. BC NS. We have the opportunity to get acquainted with the first page of Philo's diary, where he describes the seven wonders of the World he saw.

Egyptian pyramid Cheops in Giza
2550 BC NS. Tomb of Pharaoh Cheops Height - 147 m Area - 230x230 m (more than 54000 m2) The only "miracle" that has survived to us
Everything in the world is afraid of time, but time itself is afraid of pyramids. Arabic proverb

Hanging Gardens of Babylon (Iraq)
600 BC NS. Created for the wife of King Nebuchadnezzar II. Destroyed by an earthquake (after the 1st century BC)
It is impossible to return there and it is impossible to tell how this Garden of Eden was overflowing with bliss. Arseny Tarkovsky

Statue of Zeus at Olympia (Greece)
435 BC, sculptor Phidias Temple statue in the temple of Zeus at Olympia Height - about 12 m Burned down in Constantinople during a fire at the Hippodrome of the 5th-6th centuries.

Temple of Artemis in Ephesus (Turkey)
550 BC NS. Built in honor of the goddess Artemis Width - 51m Length - 105 m. Consisted of 127 columns 8 m high. In 356 BC. burned by Herostratus
Archaeological site at Ephesus. Layers of silt several meters thick cover the ruins of the Temple of Artemis.
The many-breasted Artemis of Ephesus (a copy of the statue of their zram)

Mausoleum of Mausolus in Halicarnassus (Turkey)
351 BC NS. It was erected as a tombstone of the Carian ruler Mavsol by his wife, Queen Artemisia. The total height of the mausoleum is 49 m. Destroyed by the earthquake of 1494.
The ruins of the mausoleum today

Colossus of Rhodes (Greece)
290 BC, sculptor Haresom Installed to perpetuate the memory of the victory of Rhodes over Demetrius (304 BC) Height - about 36 m Destroyed by an earthquake of 225. BC. (bronze body dismantled in 654 AD)

Lighthouse of Alexandria (Egypt)
3rd century BC NS. The light from the lighthouse showed the way for ships entering the harbor. Height - 135 m. Destroyed by an earthquake in 796. AD (stood for about 1000 years)

Of the 7 beautiful creations, only the Pyramids have survived. The rest were not spared by time, but memory was saved. In the days of classical antiquity, people were fascinated by the seven wonders of the world, but now they are known much more. Wonders of the world include the Great Wall of China, the Colosseum in Rome and much more. Amazing creations of human hands conceal many secrets and mysteries.
Great Chinese Wall(near Beijing) III century BC -1644
Coliseum. Italy. Rome. 72-80gg. AD

Practical work. Seven Wonders of the World are (what?) Cultural monuments.

Consolidation of the material In the lesson, you and I traveled around To the ancient world... What countries have we visited? Which wonder of the world do you remember more? Why exactly it? What would you add an eighth wonder of the world?

Literature of Lurkomorye - http://lurkmore.to/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8C_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81_%D1% 81% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 82% D0% B0 Wikipedia - https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8C_%D1% 87% D1% 83% D0% B4% D0% B5% D1% 81_% D1% 81% D0% B2% D0% B5% D1% 82% D0% B0

To use the preview of presentations, create yourself a Google account (account) and log into it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

The first miracle of the Great Pyramids

This graceful Egyptian pyramid is the oldest of the seven wonders of antiquity. In addition, it is the only miracle that has survived to this day. At the time of its creation, the Great Pyramid was the tallest structure in the world. And she kept this record, most likely, for almost 4000 years.

The Great Pyramid was built as the tomb of Khufu, known to the Greeks as Cheops. He was one of the pharaohs, or kings ancient egypt and his tomb was completed in 2580 BC. Later, two more pyramids were built in Giza, for the son and grandson of Khufu, as well as smaller pyramids for their queens. The Khufu pyramid is the largest. The ancient Egyptians believed that in the event of a person's death, his body should be preserved so that the spirit could continue to live after death. They removed the internal organs, filled the body with salts and wrapped it in linen sheets. So the body turned into a mummy. The mummy was then buried along with clothing, food, precious and other things useful for the afterlife. Khufu's mummified body was placed in a burial chamber at the very heart of his pyramid.

The pyramids stand in the ancient cemetery in Giza, on the opposite bank of the Nile River from Cairo, the capital of modern Egypt. Some archaeologists believe that perhaps for construction great pyramid It took 100,000 people 20 years. It was created from over 2 million stone blocks, each weighing at least 2.5 tons. The workers dragged them to the site using ramps, blocks and levers, and then adjusted them to each other, without mortar. return

The second miracle Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Miracle third Temple of Artemis of Ephesus

Croesus was the last king of Lydia, an ancient region in Asia Minor that is part of what is now Turkey. It was famous for its immense wealth and in 560 BC. built a magnificent temple in Ephesus.

The Temple of Alexander lasted until the 3rd century AD. Gradually, the bay in Ephesus was covered with silt and the city lost its significance. The temple was plundered by the Goths, and later flooded with floods. Today, only a few blocks of the base and one restored column have survived from the temple in Ephesus. return

Miracle fourth Halicarnassus mausoleum

Mausol was the ruler of Caria, part of the Persian Empire, from 377 to 353. BC. The capital of the region was Halicarnassus, which became under the name Bodrum tourist center in modern Turkey. Mausol succeeded his father as ruler of the city and satrap of the province.

Mavsol married his sister Artemisia. Acquiring more and more power, he began to think about a tomb for himself and his queen. It was supposed to be an extraordinary tomb. Mavsol dreamed of a majestic monument that would remind the world of his wealth and power long after his death. Mausol died before the work on the tomb was completed, but his widow continued to lead the construction until its complete completion, around 350 BC. The tomb was named the Mausoleum, after the name of the king, and this word began to mean any imposing and majestic tomb. return

Miracle Fifth Statue of Olympian Zeus

Nearly 3000 years ago, Olympia was an important religious center in southwestern Greece. The ancient Greeks worshiped Zeus, the king of the gods, and held regular festivities in his honor there, which included sporting events. The first Olympic Games, as they came to be called, were probably held in 776 BC. After that, the games were held every four years for 1100 years. They were of great importance; during the games, all wars were stopped so as not to interfere with the participants and spectators to get to the place. In the 5th century BC. the citizens of Olympia decided to build a temple to Zeus. Majestic building built between 466 and 456. BC. It was built of huge stone blocks and was surrounded by massive columns. For several years after the completion of construction, there was no worthy statue of Zeus in the temple, although it was soon decided that it was necessary. A famous Athenian sculptor was chosen as the creator of the statue.

Around 40 A.D. the Roman emperor Caligula wanted to move the statue to Rome. Workers were sent for her, but, according to legend, the statue burst into laughter and the workers fled. Then, in 391 AD, after the adoption of Christianity, the Romans banned the Olympics and closed the Greek temples. Several years later, the statue of Zeus was transported to Constantinople. In 462 A.D. the palace in which the statue stood was destroyed by fire. An earthquake struck the Olympic region in the 4th century. The temple and the stadium were destroyed by floods, their remains covered with silt. This helped the fragments of Olympia survive for over 1000 years. return

Miracle Six Colossus of Rhodes

Colossus was a giant statue that stood in port city on Rhodes - an island in the Aegean Sea, off the coast of modern Turkey. In ancient times, the people of Rhodes wanted to be independent traders. They tried not to interfere in other people's wars, and nevertheless they themselves were repeatedly conquered.

At the end of the 4th century BC. the people of Rhodes celebrated their victory. They just safely defended their city, which was under siege by Greek soldiers for a whole year. The Greeks, realizing that they could not win, even abandoned part of the siege structures. The people of Rhodes decided to sell these structures and build a statue of Helios, worshiped by them as the sun god, to thank him for his intercession.

We don't know exactly what the statue looked like or where it stood. And we know that it was made of bronze and reached a height of about 33 meters. It was created by the sculptor Hareth and took 12 years to build. The bronze shell was attached to an iron frame. They began to build the hollow statue from below, and as it grew, they filled it with stones to make it more stable. The colossus was completed around 280 BC. For centuries, people believed that the Colossus towered over the entrance to the harbor of Rhodes. But it couldn't be. The mouth of the harbor was about 400 meters wide, but the statue was still not so colossal. The descriptions suggest that she stood in the center of the city overlooking the sea and harbor. About 50 years after completion, the Colossus Collapsed. During the earthquake, it broke at the knee level. The oracle ordered not to restore the statue, and it remained where it fell. So she lay for more than 900 years, and they went to Rhodes only to look at the wreckage of the defeated god. In 654 A.D. the Syrian prince captured Rhodes and removed the bronze plates from the statue. They said that he took them to Syria on 900 camels. return

Miracle Seventh Lighthouse of Alexandria

In the 3rd century BC. a lighthouse was built so that ships could safely pass the reefs on their way to the bay of Alexandria. At night, they were helped in this by the reflection of the flames, and during the day - by a column of smoke. It was the world's first lighthouse, and it stood for 1500 years. The lighthouse was built on the small island of Pharos in the Mediterranean, off the coast of Alexandria. This bustling port was founded by Alexander the Great while visiting Egypt. The building was called by the name of the island. Its construction must have taken 20 years, and it was completed around 280 BC, during the reign of Ptolemy II, king of Egypt.

Butskova Natalya A. Completed the work Thank you for your attention