The throne hall of the Kremlin Palace. Grand Kremlin Palace

13.11.2019

Big Kremlin Palace - one of beautiful buildings The historical and architectural complex of the Moscow Kremlin. The structure was erected at the initiative of Emperor Nikolai I at the end of the XIX century on the site of the ancient Grand-Major Palace of Ivan III and erected on its foundation in the 21st century Palace of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna.

The beginning of the reign of NicholasI. It was overshadowed by the Decembrist uprising in December 1825 and therefore he more than his predecessors needed external attributes of power. The ruler wanted to build new spacious frontal chairs for holding palace ceremonies, and in addition, the Big Kremlin Palace was to, first, demonstrate the historical continuity of power, and, secondly, show her shine and strength.

That is why the design of the building uses the elements of the Byzantine-Russian style (to show a dynastic connection with byzantine emperors), and the five main halls of the Grand Kremlin Palace are devoted to the highest awards of the Russian man.

In accordance with its ceremonial function, the Big Kremlin Palace is not so much built as a monument telling russian history and glorifying the Russian army.

Big Kremlin Palace - Quick description

The main task of architects was to solve the problem of unity architectural ensemble Ancient Kremlin and a new palace. The construction was carried out on the project of Constantine Tone. Ancient buildings were included in the Palace Complex - the Granovy Chamber and the Golden Tsaritsyn Chamber, the Terem Palace and Palace Church.

At the same time, in the architecture of the structure, it was clearly manifested by the characteristic of the tone and his time to gigantism. The large-scale two-storey building of yellow with high arched windows stretched along Moscow River by 125 meters, and its height is 37 meters and it looks three-story, although the building has two floors.

Entering the palace from the main entrance, you will fall into the parade lobby, the arch of which is supported by four columns, made of granite brought from Karelia, from the city of Serdobole (now the city of Sortavala). The lobby lights four bronze lamps, each of which is 13 Karseli lamps (invented by the Swiss Master Karshel).

On the second floor, the guests climbed the front staircase, her steps (all of them 66) are low and wide, so that the ladies in the exquisite evening dresses it is convenient to rise and the procession took a particularly solemn appearance. The walls of the lobby are decorated with a yellow marble brought from Kolomna near Moscow.

Georgievsky Hall

This is one of the most monumental and beautiful halls dedicated to the highest order. Russian Empire - Order of George Victorious. The order of the Order is the Golden Cross, covered with white enamel with the image of George, striking the snake.

The Order has four differences. They were awarded officers and military units for courage and courage shown in battle, as well as for long service. In total, about 11 thousand cavaliers and regular military compounds were awarded to all this honorable military rank. Their names you will see on the walls of the hall.

Each of the pylons of the hall ends with a twisted column and sculpture of Ivan Vitali, symbolizing the region or the kingdom of the Russian Empire.

Outdoor coating - a genuine work parquet of 1845, made of 20 valuable wood species brought from South-East Asia and South America. One of the decorations of the hall is a copy of the monument to the great Novgorod heroes of Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, installed on Red Square.

The main colors of the hall - white and golden: the arch, the stucco, and the sculpture of the hall whites, the names of Georgievsky cavaliers and military connections on gold boards. Gilded also six chandeliers cast from bronze.

The George Hall surprises with its rigor and scale. This is the Temple of the Russian Valor, a monument to the root exploits of Russian weapons. As before, government receptions and meetings are held here, awards are awarded.

Alexandrovsky Hall

Alexandrovsky Hall is devoted to the Order of St. Prince Alexander Nevsky. Prince Alexander was known for his piety and courage. The Order in his honor was established by Catherine I in 1725, and the motto of the awards is "for the works and fatherland."

The Alexandrovsky Hall is also huge, its length is 31 meters, width - 21 and height - 20 meters. Constantine tone used in its design elements of the Byzantine-Russian style. Parquet with an intricate floral ornament, created in 1843, looks like a fabric carpet, brilliant under a layer of varnish.

Under the dome there are signs of the Order - Cross and Star with the Monogram of St. Alexander, in the corners - images of a double-headed eagle.

Historical cloths created by the professor of historical painting of the Academy of Arts Fyodor Moller, talk about the life of St. Alexander Nevsky. Pictures on western side The hall is narrated by the military exploits of the prince, and on the eastern we see the scenes from his peaceful life.

Light from high windows, reflected in numerous mirrors, fills all the space. In the design of the walls used white and pink marble, and the red velvet in the upholstery of furniture corresponds to the color of the Order Tape. Between the twisted gilded columns - the coat of arms of the Russian Empire.

Andreevsky Hall

Andreevsky Hall (TRONER) was the main hall of the Kremlin Palace. He is devoted to the Order of St. Andrew the First Called, established by Peter in 1698. The motto of the Order is "for faith and loyalty."

The tetrahedral columns of the Andreevsky hall form three nefs. In the east side of the room there is a throne, consisting of three troons, one of them was intended for Nicholas II, the second - for his wife Alexandra Fedorovna, and the third - for the widespread Empress Mary Fedorovna, Mother of the Emperor. Above the throne place is a garal furs. On the arch depicted the Orthodox Oco in Lights - the Orthodox Symbol of the Trinity.

In the days of coronation in St. Andrew's room to congratulate the emperor, guests were gathered from all lands of the Russian Empire.

Andreevsky Hall is striking with its luxury - vaults, columns and pylons are covered with a golden stucco, and the capitals (the tops of the columns and pylons) are decorated with the signs of the Order - the image of a double-headed eagle, against which - crucified on the Cross of St. Andrei.

Vladimir Hall

The Vladimir Hall is devoted to another high military award - the Order of St. Vladimir, established in honor of the Kiev prince Vladimir, in which the baptism of Russia occurred.

The motto of the Order is "benefit, honor and glory", and his sign is a golden cross-covered red enamel. This Order was awarded the creator of the Grand Kremlin Palace Konstantin Ton.

In their form, this is an unusual hall. In the plan, it represents a square with a side of 16 meters, but at the corners it was performed niche, and as a result, the Vladimir hall is more like an octagon.

The arch of the hall resembles an ancient tent, the daylight in which penetrates through a round lamp, and in the evening the hall is illuminated by a magnificent bronze chandelier. One of the decorations of the hall is the arches adorning the side gallery.

The Vladimir Hall connects the front halls of the Grand Kremlin Palace with the Granovy Chamber and the Terem Palace.

Paradinary Order Halls can be examined during an excursion. Only the Catherine Hall is unavailable, in which Russian president holds official meetings and negotiations.

Ekaterininsky Hall

The Ekaterininsky Hall is devoted to the Order of St. Catherine, established by Peter first. The motto of the Order - "For Love and Fatherland". The award had two degrees. The Order of Catherine's first degree was awarded the princesses on the right of birth, and the second degree is the court ladies. The first lady awarded by this Order was the spouse of Peter - Ekaterina I.

Unusually beautiful candelabra appeared here in 1856, when Alexander II coronation was held. Two crystal candlesticks brought from the Winter Palace of St. Petersburg, and four others took from the Museum of the Imperial Glass Plant.

Own half

In the southern part of the Kremlin Palace there is a residential part of the building. Here, in the so-called "own half," the Emperor and Empress were resting. Anfilad consists of six main rooms:

The empress is luxurious furnished and exquisite finish. In the design, mostly used two colors - blue and gold. Here is the atmosphere of rest and piety
In the future of the Empress (Morning Lady Room) there is one of the most beautiful fireplaces of the palace, decorated with polished malachite plates. Overhead gilded parts in the form of beads, garlands and sockets give him a special refinement
The Empress Cabinet is decorated at the request of the first His mistress of the Empress Alexandra Fedorovna in the style of Bhul (named after the furniture maker XVII century). Here in the finishing of furniture and doors applied special view Inlaid when the plates of the turtle and copper armpers were superimposed on a wooden basis. Also gorgeous upholstery of fabric with golden thread
Empress living room - snow-white with gold trim. Eight gypsum bas-reliefs - symbols of arts, four more depicting seasons. The main decoration of the room is a unique chandelier pineapple, a symbol of hospitality and a welcome.
Dining room is decorated in a traditional classic style. The stucco ornament on the arch, white and yellow marble in the design of the walls, in the niches - marble vases with antique plots, the sculptures of the ice, the beloved Zeus and the god marriage Gimine.

Excursions to the Big Crimile Palace

The Big Kremlin Palace and the Granuitu Chamber can only be visited as part of an excursion by applying. The cost of excursion from 4 thousand rubles (2019), duration of about 1.5 hours. We must be prepared for the fact that the date and time of excursions can be postponed due to the holding of official events. On the excursion it is recommended to take as little personal things as possible. Before visiting, several inspections are held at the airport. Photographing is allowed only in several parade halls.

Large Kremlin Palace It was built by Konstantin Tone as directed by Nicholas I more than ten years - 1838 to 1849. As the great creators thought, the grandiose structure was a reliable and appropriate status of the first-hearth capital.

View of the palace from the river of Moscow

A long 125 meter facade of the palace stretched along the Moscow River Embankment. His appearance will recognize almost all the Russians, even those who have never been to the capital. The huge palace appeared in the Kremlin in the middle of the XIX century, during the reign of Emperor Nicholas I. And the author of the architectural project of the palace building became the famous Russian architect Konstantin Andreyevich Ton.

Idea to build in Moscow The new palace was born after the victory of Russia in Patriotic War 1812. The chaverid city was rejected again, and the Russian king wanted a new building to appear in it, which could emphasize the connection of Moscow with folk traditions. Nicholas I dreamed that the palace turns into a monument to all Russian warriors. In accordance with the wishes of the sovereign, the architect has prepared a building project in the so-called pseudorussian style. Construction took 10 years and was completed in 1849.

The majestic palace rises at 47 m, and the total area of \u200b\u200bits premises is 25 thousand square meters. M. This is not a single structure, but an entire architectural complex, which includes nine temples and chambers of the XVI-XVII centuries., The Terem Palace, 700 rooms and rooms, as well as a long lobby.

The main palace halls are marked in honor of the Russian orders. In the five most luxuriously decorated halls handed state awards and credentials. In addition, there are official celebrations.

Although today this palace is considered the residence of the President of the country, you can get inside it. Subject to pre-recording, tours of palace premises are allowed to organized groups.

Terem palace

View of the southern facade of the palace

The complex of the Grand Kremlin Palace includes a unique five-story building, which appeared in the heart of the city at the beginning of the XVI century. This is an unusual Terem Palace, the author of the initial project of which was the famous Italian Master of Architecture Aleviz Fryazin. The final appearance of the building received in the 1630s, when Russia is ruled by the state of Mikhail Fedorovich.

In the first half of the XVII century, most urban buildings were wooden. When a stone five-story building was erected in the Kremlin, Muscovites perceived this as a real miracle! The most upper floor was especially impressed by the most upper floor - Zlatomerkhiy Teremok, in which the boyars did then meet.

The taper palace is made of stone in the traditions of Russian wooden architecture, and its interiors are richly decorated with colorful wall paintings. Colored glasses are inserted into the palace windows, and in the rooms there are tiled ovens and carved wooden furniture.

Arsenal

Building Arsenal

The first Arsenal building was built at the beginning of the XVIII century. In 1737, the so-called great or Trinity fire occurred in Moscow, as a result of which the city center almost completely burned out. Heavily got from fire and the Kremlin Arsenal.

At the end of the XVIII century, Arsenal was restored under the guidance of the famous architect Matvey Kazakov. However, during the war of 1812, the building suffered again. French troops receded from Moscow blew up the Kremlin Tsehghauses. The two-story building that has survived to this day, built in the traditions of classicism in 1815-1828.

Building - Karea is not far from the Nikolskaya Tower. It is impossible to get inside it. Today, in the historical building, the services of the Commands and the premises are located, where the military officers of the presidential regiment live. These are the soldiers who guard the Kremlin and participate in the honorary guard at the grave of an unknown soldier and near the Eternal Flame.

State Kremlin Palace

View of the Kremlin Palace from the Senate Square

The most "young" palace building on the Kremlin territory appeared in 1961. Before the collapse of the USSR, he was called the "Kremlin Palace of Congresses." The new spacious palace was built for mass and official events. His bright facades are impressive. They are lined with beautiful Ural marble and anodized aluminum.

In 1960-1980, members of the party congresses came here. Nowadays, in a large building, performances and theatrical performances are shown, and New Year The palace collects children to the main Christmas tree of the country.

Senate Palace

View of the domestic hall of the Senate from the courtyard

The beautiful palace for the meetings of the Governing Senate was built by order of Catherine II in the 1770-1780s. The Russian Empress instructed the construction of the Palace Matvey Kazakov, and the famous architect prepared a brilliant project of a triangular building in the best traditions of classicism.

A lot of famous state husbands of Russia visited this palace, and there were various bodies of the Russian authorities. In the 1920s, a working office of V.I. was located here. Lenin, and later in the majestic building of Kazakov, the Government of the USSR held its meetings.

The rounded dome of the Senate Palace is perfectly seen from the Red Square. There is a spacious Ekaterininskaya hall under it, where all major events are held with the participation of the President of the country. A richly decorated marble staircase is laid in the entrance to the hall.

The dome rises above the floor of the Ekaterininsky hall by 29 m. The sections of the walls between the window openings look very solemnly. They are decorated with bas-reliefs, on which portraits of Russian princes and kings are depicted. Nowadays, the Presidential and Presidential Library is located in the Senate Palace, as well as the presidential library.

Faceted Chamber

View of the grain chamber with Cathedral Square

Older Kremlin Palaces include an expressive building of the grain chamber. It was built at the end of the 15th century Marco Ruffo and Pietro Antonio Solari (Peter Fryazin) - Italian architects who worked for the Tsar John III.

The palace received its name because of the finishing of the facade from the east side by the faceted or "diamond" rust. That was how the rich Italian palaces in the Renaissance Epoch were decorated. The Granovy Chamber played the role of the adopted chambers of the Grand Princes. The boyars of the Duma meets in it and the Zemsky Cathedrals took place. In this palace, the victories of the Russian army was celebrated in this palace. And on the red porch, the state trucks took place on the ceremony of coronation to the Assumption Cathedral.

The Big Kremlin Palace in Moscow, an excellent yellow building, proudly towering over the Kremlin next to the golden domes of cathedrals, closed to the general public. In the Kremlin, you can visit the Armory Chamber, the Kremlin Cathedrals. But tickets to the visit of the Grand Palace can not buy in the Kremlin Cassochi. However, who is looking for - he will find. About visiting the Grand Kremlin Palace My Review.

The interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace

Honestly, I do not really like to visit the Red Square. But still it is necessary to do this if necessary, when friends come from other cities and drag out here, in the heart of the capital. However, this time, I planned to visit the Kremlin completely realized, because legends go to the beauty of the Greater Kremlin Palace. It was his halls that show on television during the inauguration of the president, presenting awards to prominent figures.

The idea of \u200b\u200bgetting on a tour to the Big Kremlin Palace came by chance, when browsing topics on the social network. One of the users, said that despite the fact that the Palace is a regime enterprise, it is possible to get there with a company, and indicated its name. I found the site agency on the Internet, and about a miracle, on the nearest excursion to the Big Kremlin Palace was one free place. The cost of the excursion is quite high - in the agency, where I gained a tour, it cost 2900. Wow, you will say. But in other agencies, the same excursion was offered at a price above 4 thousand!

For those who want to get on this tour, scoring an "excursion to the Big Kremlin Palace" you can find offers from tour firms. Typically, a complete prepayment is required for a tour. However, the excursion is held only on weekdays, in an uncomfortable time for working people, in the morning. In addition, the date of excursions can be transferred, because it is not a museum, but the operating residence of the president.

What is included in this cost? The excursion to the Big Kremlin Palace lasts 1.5 hours and is carried out in a group of 20-25 people, only accompanied by a guide. During this excursion, visitors are given the opportunity to visit those halls where the country's president and other high-ranking representatives of other countries are available. You can see the Granovitu Chamber, Andreevsky and Vladimir Halls, Alexander Hall, the famous geogium hall, a terman palace. All these premises are in the same building.

On the eve of the excursion, the organizers on the full participants warned: it is impossible to be late for a minute, otherwise they may not start the whole group, you can only take it on a tour guide in the palace, naturally carry no stitching and cutting items. In general, they fought in full.

In the Metro Arbatskaya, where we were collected an hour before the excursion, everyone was like a bayonet during. The group consisted mainly of grandparents. Yes, and this is despite the cost. This is some explanation, because the excursion is held only on weekdays in the morning. In addition, it is held only several times a month. Moreover, the date of it can be transferred. In general, there are many difficulties with it.

Exactly at 10-00, we were in the glass near Kutafia Tower, through which visitors are admitted to the Kremlin. Thus, we were one of the first on the territory of the Kremlin, which allowed me to make me a few frames of a completely empty Kremlin.

Entrance to the Kremlin

Walking by the most beautiful ancient cathedrals we went to the Greater Kremlin Palace.

Cathedral Square

Big Kremlin Palace and Tsaritsyn Chamber.

Here we again had to wait a bit until we were invited inside.

The large and beautiful yellow building of the Grand Kremlin Palace was built on the initiative of Nicholas I in 1838-1850. According to the project of the architect Konstantin Tone. The palace was used as an imperial residence for the period of the emperor's stay and his family in Moscow. The palace includes about 700 premises. This palace can be called the Palace-Matreshka, because the architect united several buildings built in different centuries, in one large palace. Such a cattle palace turned out.

Entrance to the Big Kremlin Palace

Next to the large Kremlin Palace is the structure of the XVI century with a staircase decorated with lions.

Tsaritsyn fee

Grand Kremlin Palace

The staircase is decorated with figures of Lviv - symbols of royal power.

Lions adorning the stairs

Tsarzsyna window ornaments

Entrance to the palace

At the entrance to the Big Kremlin Palace, we were careful looking for us - everyone checked the passports, enlightened all things on the ribbon. To the question, whether someone has a weapon or stitching and cutting items, one dandelion granny confessed that she has a gas canister. The guard laughed and asked her to leave the canister from them, and at the exit I was given everything.

Let's go back to the excursion. We left things in the wardrobe and waited for a guide. The saddest thing for me was that in the palace, it was practically impossible to take pictures, so the chic halls of the grain chamber, the terragen palace, the fronting chambers of the emperors, I can not show in my post.

What is included in the Big Kremlin Palace

Pomegranate Chamber - One of the oldest premises of the palace. A huge chamber for the 15th century with crops that hold on the only pillar in the middle. The walls of the Pomegranate Chamber are painted by Phahi masters. On the ceiling - scenes from the Bible. Today there are testers at a high level. Unfortunately, it is impossible to photograph in this hall.

Terem palace - Parade halls of the 16th century.

Andreevsky Hall - The front doorway, named after the Order of Andrei First Called.
In the Alexander Hall, gorgeous gold decoration and parquet of 30 tree breeds.

Very interesting Vladimir Hallwhich combines the buildings of the Grand Palace.

Georgievsky Hallnamed George Victorious.

Perhaps I'll show you that I managed to take a picture.

Vladimir Hall

The Vladimir Hall - His feature is that it connects a number of buildings of the XV, XVII and XIX centuries. The hall is crowned dome with a light window.

Vladimir Hall

The ceiling of the Vladimir hall is decorated with orders. In the photo you can see the sign of St. Vladimir. The motto of the Order is "benefit, honor and glory."

Vladimir Hall

Here is the magnificent staircase, which can often be seen in the photos of high-ranking specials.

Parade Staircase of the Vladimir Hall

Chandelier in the Vladimir Hall

In the corners of the hall stood lamps.

Lamps in the Vladimir Hall

The walls of the Vladimir Hall are lined with a pink marble.

Vladimir Hall

The next photo can be assessed by the height of the Vladimir Hall.

Vladimir Hall

Georgievsky Hall

This room made a strongest impression on me, thanks to its size and beauty. Its length is 60 meters, and the height is 17 meters. The arch of the hall is described on pylons who are crowned with the statues of victory, the work of the sculptor Vitaly.

Georgievsky Hall

Geogrievsky Hall

Parquet in the St. George Hall is reserved for more than 150 years (carpet's eccs and the project were created by academician Solntsev). Therefore, you can walk here strictly along the paths.

Georgievsky Hall

Fragment of parquet

Parade doors

Georgievsky Hall

Alexandrovsky Hall

Andreevsky Hall

Chairs, upholstered with red velvet were made in our time in Russian enterprises.

In the Andeev Hall

View to St. George Hall.

Georgievsky Hall

Andreevsky Hall

The trone hall dedicated to the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called - the most pompous and solemn from the halls of the Cell Anfilad.

In the western part of the hall there are three imperial throne, and the sign of the all-leading eye, covered with gravestone gold, is elevated.

Andreevsky Hall

Very facing that I do not have the ability to show all the interiors, but for those interested - you can see a wonderful online publication here, and get a complete picture.

After examining the Greater Kremlin Palace, I still walked a little in the Cathedral Square and photographed the palace on the other side.

View of the Big Kremlin Palace

Perhaps, on this I will finish my story. I will only say that I was under a great impression of the beauty and relics of this building. The magnificence of the halls is amazing so much that not to convey words. If you ever have a desire to visit such an excursion, I recommend you be sure to take advantage of it and visit it.

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The Big Kremlin Palace is one of the palaces of the Moscow Kremlin. Built in 1838-1849 by the command of Emperor Nikolai I. Currently, the Big Kremlin Palace is a parade residence.

Walk through his halls.

Photos of Ilya Varlamov

I also liked the boy to play in the Kremlin - ride on the railing of marble stairs, hiding in the labyrinths of endless halls and corridors, run through the red carpet tracks. What we just did not do, and sit on the thrones, and the mustache struck the statues ... Golden were times.

Then one mode was changed to others and changed locks in the Kremlin. And then Borodin made a renovation in the Kremlin. Now there is no longer the Greater Kremlin Palace of My Childhood, there is no already the Andreev Hall, the imperial throne is no longer caused to the thrill that 20 years ago. What kind of trembling can we say when even the skins of the mountains are now plastic?

Recently came across the archive from the autumn walk through the palace ...

Alexandrovsky Hall received his name in honor of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, established by Catherine I in 1725.

Also, like Andreevsky, in the 1930s was destroyed and turned into a meeting room of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In 1994-1998 restored.

One of the most press halls of the palace. Named was in honor of the Order of St. George Victorious, approved by Catherine II in 1769 and became the highest military award of the Russian Empire.

On the walls of St. George Hall, gold stars and ordinar bandages with the motto "for the service and courage" are depicted.

Ventrayes:

Views from the balcony ...

According to the personal command of Nicholas I, during the construction of the palace, the hall was devoted to the Order of Andrei First Called. Andreevsky hall became a throne hall big Palace And the main thing the imperial hall Moscow Kremlin. In 1932, he was turned into a meeting room, where party congresses were held.

And I still do not like that in the Kremlin, no one is allowed and not allowed to take pictures ... Bored here one to wander ...

Throne ... Here I played in the king:

Plastic ermine ... How could they?

The Granovic Chamber is a monument of architecture in, one of the oldest civilian buildings of Moscow. Built in 1487 - 1491 by decree Ivan III Italian architects:

Andreevsky Hall is striking with its luxury and beauty, expensive decoration. And this is not surprising - the kings and Queen of Russia have sacked in it, he has his own story and its own personality.

According to the photo of the Andreev Hall of the Kremlin, it is clear that in its construction a lot of labor was invested.

Briefly about the main thing

Andreevsky Throne Hall in the Kremlin was built on the personal disposition of Nicholas I in honor of the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrei First Called. He became the throne hall of the Grand Palace and the main hall of the Moscow Kremlin. You can not even talk about the magnificent decoration of the room, which makes the impression on each incoming, caused by the fact that the walls of the hall are frown by the Muarova cloth of the color of St. Andrew tape.

Description of the Hall

Andreevsky Kremlin Hall is the most famous in the palace. The walls of this room are decorated with pink artificial marble and from above gilded. Alonga, gold-plated chairs were attached, upholstered by velvet. The coat of arms of the Russian provinces are placed above the windows.

Ten gold-plated pylons decorate the hall, as well as various symbols in the form of crosses, chains. Silk curtains are perfectly harmonized with the rest of the decoration. High gilded doors, decorated with ordinary crosses, amazing imagination. There are vague images of the names of the emperors of Russia - Peter the first, Paul of the first and Nicholas of the first. Peter - as the founder of the Order, Paul - as the founder of the Statute of the Order, and Nikolai - as the Builder of the Hall.

At the far end, there are three chairs that were intended for the ruler, his spouses and mother. This throne can be seen now in the Kremlin, upholstered by velvet and ermine fur. Above the throne hangs and the above is a radiance with a coated golden rays, in which the Oco is the same. On the sides of the tent hanging two-headed eagles with the image on the chest of the Andreevsky Cross. Six steps lead to the tent. Before, still in soviet timesAt this place was a monument to Lenin.

Paul, as in other halls, made from a multicolored tree and admires all tourists with his beautiful drawing And the huge work, which was invested in this work of art. It should be mentioned that the last restoration of the hall was carried out in 1994-1998, when he was restored in his original form. The architect of the St. Andrew's hall was Constantine tone.

The story of the St. Andrew's Hall of the Kremlin

The main throne room was built in 1838-1849 by the architect in Constantine tone. This wizard created temple architecture, which was widespread during the reign of Nicholas of the first. From 1932 to 1934 the hall was destroyed. At his place was satisfied with the meetings of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In 1997, restoration work began. The leaders of this project were the leading architects of the time S. V. Demidov and E. V. Stepanova. Architects conducted a tremendous labor-intensive work with archival materials in Russia and after its front. Using past photos of the hall, with the help of the latest technologies, they managed to renovate in full, to the most smallest details of the hall as he was during the reign of the emperor Nikolai first.

We can not not mention the very restorer of the highest category, as V. A. Ageichenko, who was both a sculptor, and an artist, and an engineer in one person. For the Throne Hall, he reproduced the coat of arms of the Russian Empire in Bronze. He also created the coat of arms of the Russian provinces, which are located above the windows of the St. Andrew's hall. The floors were also recreated. Due to this, the hall was restored to the smallest details.

Experts found that for complete identity, twenty three types of wood should be used for the restoration of floors. It was brought from all over the world, even with Africa, but did not change anything, doing everything strictly in accordance with the drawings of the nineteenth century. Restoration work participated in general about ninety-nine firms.

The huge room was constantly filled with workers, about 2.5 thousand people worked for days and nights for the benefit of the people. Some ornaments were not immediately, for example, a double-headed eagle. The masters did first eagle the colors of copper. After the establishment, the Commission went to the opposite bank of the river to assess the result received from afar. They did not like, as the eagle looked like a black spider. Therefore, we decided to make an eagle the color of the "wild stone".

In the St. Andrew's hall, as in other premises of the Palace, there are various events, including reception in honor of graduates of military universities. This tradition began President Yeltsin in 1999, and it still continues.

Andreevsky Hall of the Kremlin before the revolution and after

In October-November 1917, due to armed uprising, the Kremlin suffered very seriously, they were detachments of junkers. The troops of the revolutionaries carried out the artillery shelling of the Kremlin. As a result, the walls of the palace, the clock, Nikolskaya almost all the temples located on the territory of the Kremlin and the Small Nikolaev palace were injured.

During the Soviet government, the capital moved to Moscow, and the Kremlin began to use as a political center. In March 1918, the Soviet government was moved to the building with V. I. Lenin. The leaders of Soviet power began to live in the palaces and buildings of the Kremlin. Free access to the construction was prohibited. Although each other than the wishes could visit this famous place. Soviet power to survive from the Kremlin was trying to the Petrograd panel on the protection of monuments of antiques and treasures of art. Their appeal has not even considered. Before the revolution in the hall stood three throne. Later they were sought throughout Russia. The first throne was found in Peterhof, the rest of two - in Gatchina. The Leningrad Museum did not want to give chairs, so I had to make copies.

During the Soviet government, the Moscow Kremlin suffered greatly. By order of Lenin, a monument to Sergey Alexandrovich was demolished in 1918. In the same year, Alexander Alexander Memorial was also eliminated, which was built in the time of Nicholas first. In 1922, about 300 poods of silver were seized from church cathedrals and temples, about 2 crushes, a huge amount precious stones. The Kremlin began to arrange the congresses of the Soviets and Congresses of the Third International, the kitchen settled in the Golden Chamber, and a public dining room was made in Granovit. In the Catherine Church, they decided to arrange a gym. Such disrespect for the architectural work of art could not not affect its original form. It is believed that at that time the Kremlin lost more than half of its attractions.

In 1990, the Kremlin is listed world Heritage UNESCO.

All-seeing eye

Above the thrones is the all-seeming eye (in the Andreev Hall of the Kremlin), made of gold. The throne hall was erected in honor of the highest Order of Russia - Masonic Order Some believe that the all-seeing eye means God in Christianity (the "Horde owner" translates on Hebrew, one of the seventy two secret items of the Jewish Lord God).

This sign is used in many Christian churches, in Freemasonry. On one-dollar bills also printed the Oco Oco. Others believe that this biblical sign is a symbol of divine fishery and the emblem of the Trinity. In Christianity, the all-leading eye in the triangle means the Trinity and the meaning is in such words: "Here is the Oko of the Lord over his fear and reluctant to mercy."

Excursion to the Kremlin

In Russia, the Andreevsky Hall of the Kremlin, like other halls, is often visited by tourists. The palace is a specially protected area. It is impossible to bring anything excess to the Kremlin. It is prohibited in a drunk come, in inappropriate appearance, with weapons, dangerous to those around people. If there are things that can not be carried, they must be passed into the storage chamber in the Alexandrovsky Garden. You can also take pictures not everywhere, but only where it is allowed and where your guide will indicate. For example, it is forbidden to photograph the Catherine Hall of the Kremlin.

Sometimes prohibit photographing in the front walls, Terem palace and the grain ward. The entrance to the Kremlin is permitted if there is a passport, children from twelve can be coming with a passport. True, from fourteen years, the guys can be attended by excursions with a Russian passport. Since the halls of the Kremlin are used to hold official events, there are still some celebrations, it is possible that your excursion can be transferred to a more suitable time for the palace.

Time excursions

The excursion across the Andreevy Hall of the Kremlin is held every day, except Thursday, is a day off. From ten am to three o'clock in the afternoon. The duration of the excursion is two hours for groups consisting of twenty people. The cost of such an excursion is 4500 rubles, for foreign tourists - 5,500 rubles without the use of translator services.

When holding a restoration work, the Italian master was afraid that the workers would make the imputially laying, so he slept four days on the floor in the Andreev Hall.

Catherine The second also wanted to build a palace on the southern slope of the Kremlin hill, instead of a fortress wall, but her plans were not realized.