Gweetra, Nakhar, Studkulatula, tourist routes.

22.12.2019

Including 40-kilometer plot of the main ridge from Nahar Passage to Chiper-Karacha with the dominant peak of Gvandra, is known among tourists called Gvandra district.

He lies at the junction of the Western Caucasus with the central. The source of Kuban, the Ullu-Kam River, is separated from the Rippiece of Baksan Koh Hostuau, which the main ridge connects with Elbrus.

In this jumper there are several passages, which, having independent interest (the path passes near the vertices of Elbrus), often turn on, usually as an initial, acclimatization, plot, into multi-day trips to the Central Caucasus.

The fan-shaped network of the valley allows you to build a variety of radial and ring routes on the hubandra. This still has a latom-headed area with a wide range of patients of the I-II categories of complexity, perhaps most of all in the West Caucasus is suitable for tourist fees, schools. In recent years, summer stationary tourist camps have become arranged here.

For traveling with the intersection of the main ridge, it is characterized by more sharp than in Teberd or Arkyse, contrast in landscapes between the northern slopes, with the predominance of the usual resident of the middle strip of the pine forest, and southern, with difficult-grade thickets, lush spruce-fir and beech forests.

If you start the route from the north, the initial points can serve aslas of Hurzuk and the student associated bus line With Karachai. The studio is also easy to pass from Teberda Potted Epchik. Moving from the south, it is convenient to start the foot in the villages of Genezvish on the military-Sukhum road or Hatish on the Ingur Highway (Scheme 10).

Student and Hurzuk.
Located in the header of Kuban Auly, Stukkulak and Hurzuk are not one hundred years. Together with Aul Card-Jurrt, they made a big karachay. Here was the main territory engaged in Karachay. It is believed that in the Great Karachai, fell apart from the rest of the world, the difficult gorge of Kuban, and the Karachai people have developed. Archaeological data show that, unlike other areas of the Caucasus, there was no dramatic change of the population. A settlement that existed from Cobansky was 0.5 km from the modern Aula (middle I Millennium) to Alanian time. In the material culture of this, more than a 1.5-thousand years traced continuity.

From Karachayevsk to Studeklana about 45 km. Immediately outside the city, at the entrance to the Kuban gorge, the bus is traveling by a narrow street of the village of Kamennicorovsky. At the beginning of the XIX century. In this place, the Russian troops built a strengthening, which was to locate the exit from Karachai Ayov.

The slopes of the gorge covered with deciduous forests are shifted as closely that for many kilometers there is no place for settlements. The valley is somewhat expanding only 30 km, behind the lubrication of the River Hude. Water in honestly muddy. It can be seen how a few hundred meters brown jet is not mixed with transparent water Kuban.

Here, on October 20, 1828, the battle of Russian troops under the command of General G. Emmanuel (who came from the Kislovodsk fortress on the Helosh River) with Karachay. The result of this battle was the final accession to the punishment to Russia. Further, Karachay remained away from the devastating Caucasian war. Despite the colonial methods of tsarism, the majority of the population found the accession to Russia favorable. In the strengthening of the Caucasian line, regular exchange trading has improved. The tribute to the Kabardian feudalists, who owned pastures in the foothills were stopped.

The building of the Elbrus mine stretch is drawn. The mining of silvervitz ore began in 1891. The products were exported to France and England. In 1891-1892 At the ministry he worked as an outstanding Ossetian poet K. L. Khetagurov.

The nature of the valley is changing. The slopes - first left, and then the right - take offense. The road descends to the gardens widely sprawled village of Polyana. Awesome pyramidal poplar Aul Card-Juront are already visible. In Aul, the sacli with an earthwood roof survived.

The remaining several kilometers to Studet the road runs wide by the Ferms. The student is located on the right bank of the river of the same name, in his sign in Kuban. The latter above the merger is called Ullu-Kam. There is mail, a dining room in Aule. At the entrance to the aul monument to the hero Soviet Union O. M. Kasayu.

4 km from Studkulana, in the wide valley of Ull-Kama, there is an Hurzuk. The quadrangular stone tower of Goshai-Kala is elevated above it, its construction is referred to XII century. This tower saw the invasion of Timur (1396), which reached the Kuban Gorge to Elbrus. In Aula there are mail and shop.

According to the gorge of Studella

To the foot of the Gvandra
The 3-4-day route for the Valley of Studella, Gondaray and Indrukoga to Gvandre - the second highest top of the Western Caucasus (3984 m) - can be recommended for the first acquaintance with the mountains. Almost all the way passes through wooded gorges, captures meadow and alpine zones, up to glaciers.

The bus is pleased to the last houses of Aula Studkulak. Next, up the gorge of Studyard, the left shore, goes the country road with meadows. The river calmly flows in a solid strip of Olshanik. In the wide valley between birch groves stretch the hay. Stones with meadows are collected in heaps. The road is the bushes of Barbaris and Oshness.

Approximately 10 km from Aul, the road passes through the bridge to the right bank. The rise is noticeable, except for changing vegetation. In the glades, along with birch and yawa, it became more pine. On the opposite slope to the river descend the dark lanes of the pachist. The nature of the river has changed, it beats in rocky shores. Ahead was visible to the rocky array of gondara in the main ridge.

After 6-7 km, the road returns to the left bank, tangible rises and after 2.5 km takes Körtmeli to the Polyana before the merger of the Rivers of Gondaray and Mahar forming the student. House of Lesnik and Kosh. Previously there was a sawmill, now the workpiece of wood is stopped. At half an hour walk through Mahar, there is a source of Narzan. In the glade tourist parking. From here, the ways to Pass Nahar and the Gondara's Gorge will intersect routes to Abkhazia and Teberda to Uzunkol.

Scheme 10. Routes on Gvandre:
1 - in the Mahara Valley in Kichi Maureju; 2 - Chaulluchate; 3 - Pass Gondaray; 4 - Gondaray - Klych; 5 - in Uzunkol with high-mountain pastures of jalpakkol; 6 - in the Merdy Valley through AK-you; 7 - on sachen; 8 - Merdy's pass; 9 - Ice Lake Dalar; 10 - by Kichkenecol Gorge on Nenskra; 11 - jumper "Petrel"; 12 - Dolomites; 13- through small kichkenecol; 14 - Taldychat; 15 - Ceper-Karachai; 16 - on chiriirkol; 17 - Talychhan - Manchhap; 18 - from Talychhava on the castle glacier; 19 - in Baksan's gorge through Hostuau; 20 - Hassan-Koy-Suryulgen-Aush; 21 - in Valley Nenskra and Kuban from Elbrusya
Our path is in the gorge of gondara. The road (on the left bank) is a rare forest. Many strawberries, mushrooms. A kilometer through two forests by the river is interrupted due to avalanche from the rock slope. From the glade bridge (two logs) to the koss. Here you need to move, if you go to the hanging valley of the jalpaccol (p. 201). A close wooded jalpaccol gorge with a cascade of waterfalls is visible behind the river.

The road to the Verkhovaya Gondaray continues on the left bank. 4 km from Kurtmeli red from the buzz of Konsky Sawel Polyana, behind it the road is cool climbing the stone ridge formed by the oncoming cones of the removal in which Gondains broke through the narrow direction. Over the tested bridge. On the right bank of a big meadow, a stream falls from the plumb. Road pours water. Already close tops of the main ridge. The truncated pyramid of the peak of the Spanish Communion became visible to the right of the array of gondara. The first glacier appeared rightly.

3 km from the bridge, for the wooded cape of the Right Shore, in Gondara, the Indurayuk river flows into the gondara. Under the fir, a convenient place for parking a small group. A few hundred meters above the indryochka waterfall. The river is closely in the bare-rounded "gates", and she struck in one of the holes hole, through which surplus water splashes.

200 m from the merger through both rivers was transferred bridges. On the arrow of the cat. From here we look at both gorges. The valley of the gondara is further narrowed and the flanser. Valley indrucia - wider, covered with forest. On the cool left slope - Bereznyak (can withstand avalanches), more gentle right inhabit fir, and above - pine. Over the forest already glitters the spur of Gvandra, a snowy peak of Ak-Kyshtyk. To get into the gorge of Indury, it is necessary to return from the cat for several hundred meters. There on the indruct turns the road. Slicing the angle, it rises into the forest on the slope.

The old fir tree is pretty shit. Everywhere stumps, overgrown with raspberry heaps of unlocked branches. After 1.5 km, the road goes to the clearing and ends. Further trail.

Gweetra
Behind the mane throat is a big meadow. Forest, if you can name so rare translucent islands, retreated far to the slope. In winter, avalanche is frequent here. Trees are abandoned even on the other side.

For a spacious meadow, at the foot of Ak-Kyshtyk, the fork: the right gorge of Western Kichkenecol, to the left - Ak-Töbe. The Valley of Western Kichkenecol lies at the level of Indurakoy, Ak-Tebe - hanging. Over a wooded ledge, blocking the entrance to the valley, the Glacier Ak-Tebe is already visible - the ultimate goal target. Near the merger (4 km from Gondaray) through Ak-Töbe, perhaps the bridge. On the left bank in pine grove cozy place For Bivuaka. Near Kosh. From the glade Körtmeli 4 o'clock walking.

An excursion to the Ak-Telece glacier can be made light. There are two trails in the Ak-Tebe gorge; They are connected abroad of the forest, at the top kosha. Right-Bank climbs on a wooded ledge with a meadow before the development. Another, starting from the Kosha behind the bridge, rises to the left shore and, only coming out of the forest, passes through the bridge, to the right, to the upper cat.

With a meadow for the first time, Gweetra opens - a snow-ice wall, falling to the footing glacier. Early in the morning the peak ridge is lit when everything else merges in the dark. The most favorable position for inspection is Moraine before the Ak-Tele Glacier. From the valley he is visible above and to the left of the foothold. There, the trail is laid with stony terraces (from Indurakoy 4 km).

Gondaray.

Passing gondara. From the Rippiece Gondaray is the epiced pass through the main ridge in the Gvandra River Valley. They have long been enjoyed along with Nakharsk Pass for the message punishing with Abkhazia. The pass is well known hunters.

From Studyard to the village of Omarishar on the Abkhaz side, from where you can leave by bus in Sukhumi, 3-4 days walk. The path to the kosha for the development of gondara and indrucia is described on page 195. For the development of the Gondara Valley, almost a flask is narrowed. On meadow slopes graze cattle. The trails are on both shores, on the left. After 3 km, the rise in the valley leads to a flat pebble terrace, where the river is bottled into several ducts.

The right slope of the valley here form the rocks of the gondara and peak of the Spanish Communist Party, the left - overgrown with grass of the masses of Nahara. The natural way would be further up the valley (southwest). There, the glacier is visible behind the sea. With it there is a pass, but not on the Gvandra, but in the gorge of Klycha (see the next route). The Gondara Pass is located between the gondara and the peak of the Spanish Communist Party. It is necessary to rise to the right slope (southeast). Pass and lying in front of him the glacier are still hidden for the ledge of the old, overgrown below, lambs. From there falls the stream.

The trail rises with the right bank of the stream, along the old scree from the edge of Rhododendron. Then, on a grassy slope, abruptly deviates to the east, envelopes lamb foreheads and displays the next terrace. The pass is not visible and from here. In the framing, the scales get up a new wall of lab bits, above which the Gondaray glacier peeks. Last grass, rare flowers. Here is the night. From the pebble plain 1.5 hours of lifting, to the pass remains for another 3 hours.

Baranje my foreheads are full from the east along a long screened under the hanging glasses on the rocks of the gondara. As the tops are raised behind the backs, the tops of Nakharov grow. Speeciously looks like a sharp duct of medium Nahara.

Opened, finally, pass. In a long rugged crest connecting gondaras with a peak of a Spanish Communist Party, a lot of windows. Transfer slightly below the rest. The benchmark may be a rock with a vertical crevice to the left of the pass. To the transfer point brings the snow slope of 20-30 °. Direction of movement in the Gondaray Glacier - south.

On the pass grass. The southern side of the Sunday. Cool down to the Gvandra River is a croup. The river begins with the snowfields and Lockers of the Gondaray massif and the first kilometers flowing along the main ridge. In the background, behind the Gogua Range, which separates the Gvandra Valley from the Saken Gorge, the Snow Top Maaa-Shirh (3848 m).

A frequent error of tourists on the descent to Gvandre is an attempt to get off the pass straight down. Herbal Culoire becomes more cooler and is replaced by scaling discharges. On narrow green shelves, insurance is unreliable. Proper-at the level of the pass to traverse to the east, crossing the numerous siders and rock scallops at the very top. Places the path is marked by tours. Something you need to be hidden. Approximately in a kilometer from the passage of Culuars become shorter, lungs, in this place from the river climbs a long scree with a big snowball. Here and should be descended to the valley, just to the river 2-3 hours of descent. If you adhere to the right path, the overall complexity of the transition will be IA.

The trail begins on the left bank, near the Balagan shepherd (crossing the snow bridges). After 1.5 km, the narrow valley turns sharply to the left, south. The trail crosses the large-term overgrown with a fern of scree. 2 km from the rotation of the river breaks through the stone challenge. The footpath over the snowy bridge goes to the right bank. Left further - steeper and thick Poros by Bukovenik and laurels. Behind the crossing through the stream arising from the close side gorge, the trail comes into a beech forest, but after 1 km goes down to the river, on the meadow. At the exit from the Forest Kos, and 500 m on the left bank of the village. A bridge is gone to it.

Behind the village trail goes to the left shore, far from the river, in the beech, and then in the fir forest. Tedious lifts and steep descents. 6-7 km from the village of the trail decreases to the shore of the Gvandra, to the abandoned wooden house near Narzan.

Rises are becoming position. The trail gradually picks up highly from the river and after 2 km takes on the road to the barrack of forests. After another 1.5 km, the road is desposed in a smashing serpentine to Gvandre, on the bridge. After a quarter of an hour, the houses of the village of Omarishar on the military-Sukhum road are shown. Here ending station Bus from Sukhumi.

Gondaray - Klych.

From the Gondara Valley there is also a way out into the gorge of the Klych River. This pass (IB) was mastered by tourists only in the 50s. A short uncomplicated descent on the Cloud trail makes it attractive for groups ending with a hike.

From the Valley of the Gondarae, the pass is not visible. A flat pebble terrace in the upper gondara way the path coincides with the route through the Gondaray Pass to the Gvandra Gorge (see the previous route). Here is a comfortable place to sleep. The glacier, for which the rise goes to the pass on Klych, is visible in the south-west.

The left bank of the river, among the stones, sworn rhododendron, juniper, the trail rises to the old stage of Baranjah Lbov to the next terrace. For the crossing through a large stream, it climbs into a robust ridge of the left Moraine. At the upper end of the moraine sand site (possible overnight). Near the remnants of German bludges, piles of rusty iron.

Exit to the glacier (2 hours from the lower terrace) on the gentle, sprinkled with a moraine material by the branch of the foreheads under the left slope. This side should be followed to avoid cracks, and on the glacier.

When you go to the glacier, it seems that there is a dead end here: in the south and in the West, the crest of the main ridge dismembered on the sharp peaks, from the north of the destroyed rocks, "foreheads" and screaming southern Nahara. Only over these rocks and fuses, a relatively calm ridge, which could be translated. It is there that the pass is located. It is necessary to rise above the rocks in the Snow North-West Circus, connecting with the main Glacier with a narrow snowflake. The passage is not the most pronounced saddle (on the opposite side there are cool cliffs on the opposite side), and the window separated from it with a flat rock.

Deep snow in the circus risks from early morning. The last plot is 50 m bulk rocks. The entire rise from the end of the glacier takes about 3 hours.

The heavy rise is rewarded with an amazing panorama west. In the center of the icy hat of the Klych-Kara-Kaya, to the left of her chain of Hutia glaciers, on the right of Kulhore Kay's teeth, over which bu-Ulgen and dotta-kaya look like. Even more distinguishes Karakaya, Maruh Bashi, Big Mark. As in the palm of Nakharsk Pass. In his widespread failure, the Glacier Chaulluceat is visible on the north side of the Main Range. In the east of Elbrus, a long ridge of Hwandra, a dark saw of gondaray and in the foreground - marked by a narrow snow field of the peak of the Spanish Communist Party.

The descent on the gentleland, the right side, under the rocks of the southern Nahara leads to a stony platform (at the beginning of summer under the snow) with destroyed dugouts. From here it is necessary to traverse to the West with a little descent of a large scree and go on the path running away from Nakhala Pass (p. 172). From the pass to the trail for about an hour walk.

In Uzunkol and Sacin

Alpine jalpakkol pastures. The Jalpaccol River, which is held the shortest path from the glade of Körtmeli to Uzunkol, flows into Gondara 2 km from the meadow. A close wooded gorge with a waterfall, which serves as an entrance to the hanging valley of Jalpakkol, can be seen from the meadow half an hour walk from the meadow on the road. A trail was laid left trail to the pastures of Jalpakkol to the left bank of the river. You can go through the gondara in the bridge 4 km from Kurtmeli or closer on the logs (p. 195). On the right bank of the gondaray meadows, haymaking.

The trail on the jalpaccol with steep zigzags looped among pines. Bygoing the waterfall, it becomes put, in the gym (avalanche residues) moves to the right shore of Jalpakkola and runs out of the forest. Ahead opens wide, in some places a mafakkol wetland; In the depths of it, to the left of the acute snowy top of Ak-Tour, visible in the Uzunkola gorge. At the edge of the forest, under the pines, perfect place For overnight stay.

In 1.5 hours walking along the trail (past Kosha), the merger of two large streams, the sources of Jalpakkol; Not far from nearby. The pass is hidden by a black rock, the braveing \u200b\u200bvalley of the left (southern) source, above it only looks out of the Ak-Tour (at the top of the Northern origin there is also Pass (IA) on the Uzunkol Polyana).

Climbing the cliff to the left at a grassy slope, find out on the rocky terrace. On the left is an extensive darting circus with destroyed reddish cliffs. On the right, 200 meters below, on the swampy meadow, surrounded by the scree and the sea, the lake. It is possible to get to it if the black rock mentioned earlier can get around the right, at the stream. Ahead (in the East) the top of the Ak-tour, from the slope of which flows a small glacier; On it you need to go to the pass. On the glacier to get out simply - a short green scallop separating it from the fission circus on the left. Pass (IA) is a wide saddle in a highly destroyed rocky ridge against the northern edge of the glacier. From the glacier on the saddle lead several dozen meters of steep movable scree. These last meters are hard. Total from the merger of the stream to the pass of 4 hours of lifting.

In the east behind the river, Merda, the rocky tooth of Dalara is emerging, to the right of him brick. In the distance of the snowy hat Elbrus. The Merdy River is far away, a few of her sleeves bloomed on a flat swampy valley. The descent from the pass, first on screaming, then steep herbaceous slopes, takes 2.5 hours and takes it to the left-bank trail. Soon the trail is deepened into the forest and another hour goes to the Uzunkol Polyana (see p. 208). Near Alpalar "Uzunkol", from where you can leave on passing transport to Karachay.

In the valley of the Merdy through Ak-Tele. This route is longer and more difficult than Jalpaccol. Not one hour will have to spend on glaciers. But the panorama of Gvandra will delight even the sophisticated tourist.

The path to a kosha in the gorge Ak-Tele (13 km from the Körtmeli Polyana, 5 hours' walking) is described in the route to Gvandre (p. 197). Further, the trail comes with stony terraces on the right bank of the river Ak-Tele. Ahead is visible to the top of the Gwandra, under her Gvandra glacier, to the left and above, above the label chain, the Ak-Tebe glacier. For Ak-Töbe, the necessary pass (I b). In the West, the peaks of Nakharov were lined up. 2 km from the kosha, on the last terrace, behind which the trail goes to Morane, overnight.

The path marked by the stone tours along the Morane and the light Baran Liba brings to almost the glacier. It is gentle, the cracks are narrow, and their little. Ahead grows the rock peak (small gvander), to the left of it in the closing crest is a wide slide. This saddle is false (on the other side of steep rocks), the true pass to the right of the peak and will open a little later. Lifting all the time along the battle snow. A steep ridge of the hubandra decreases to a close transfers.

In the East, behind the smooth field of the Merdy Glacier, which lies far downstairs, rustles, in black drips, a steep rock cliff. Then the tower of Dalara is towers. How to the palm of the palm of the sacan (p. 209).

The descent on the mice glacier is cool (up to 30 °) with a snowy slope. It should be kept to the left, closer to the rocks of a small hubandra, because stones and ice protrude on the right. From the glacier, we move to a short left Morane, where the trail goes from the Merdy Valley. To the river with a pass of 2 hours of descent. To Uzunkol Polyana 2 more hours walking (p.209).

On sachen. The three-day transition from the glade of Körtmeli according to the valleys of the gondara and indructory in the Saken gorge, to Abkhazia, is available only to experienced groups. Pass through the main ridge near the peak of Murzuk refers to the IIA category of complexity.

From the development of Ak-Töbe and Western Kichkenecol (p. 196), the path lies on the flanned Valley of Western Kichkenecol. Trails crossing numerous old screeings are on both shores, noticeable - on the right; On this beach near the merger with Ak-Tele is a kosh. From the kosha above the gorge is visible asymmetric peak of Murzuk. To the west, it is broken by the walls, the eastern comb is more flat and bordered on top of the snow field. The pass is the left top and is not visible yet. It will open only after 1.5 hours walking, from turning the valley in front of the glacier, which is about 4 km from the cat. The language of the glacier is generous. It is easy to climb on it (another hour) from the river on durable marine fossection. Among the sea bugs at the level of the glacier overnight.

Curved by Bergshrund 200-meter Snow Takes Passage on Sacin straight against the camp. Under it a few hundred meters of non-comma lifting open ice and snow field. To the right of Murzuk over the Western Circus of the Glacier, at the entrance to which the cliff-Noung, in the crest of the main, the ridge is visible to the windows. They lead in the head of the Gvandra River (the south side is hard to cool cliffs). The destroyed rock wall in the east belongs to the top of the Guvander.

Above Bergshrund is a steepness of about 30 °, it increases under 45 ° under the pot. Here in July, an ice lining is naked. The last dozens of meters are easier to do, bypassing the ice, on the shelves of destroyed red rocks to the left of the transfer point. Total from Moraine to a pass about 2 hours of lifting.

Verses Brick and Dalar with Ak-Tele
The overview of the Northern side is limited to the extensions of the Gvandra and the Gondaray massif. Only far in the northwest is visible to the reddish cloth Ringe-Age. In the south, the mogshire ridge rises. Neither the valley of Saken, no descent to it can be seen.

Under the pass, there is a snowy field covered as ticks, the spurs of the Gvandra and Murzuk. From the "gate" a long steep descent along the stream along herbal slopes with cliffs in the valley of the right influx of Saken, on the trail. Approximately 1 km from Sacken, the trail moves along the snow bridge to the right bank.

Uzunkol - the first, if you count below, the large left influx of the Ullu-Kam River. Alpalage is located in his verpraider. In addition to excursions and short routes to the neighboring Valleys of Studkulan and Chirikkol from this gorge, an easy access to the south is possible in Abkhazia and Svaneti.

From Hurzuka to Alpalar "Uzunola" there is a country road. She comes with the right bank of the Ullu-Kam River, along the edge of the flat floodplain. Before turning to the Uzunkal Gorge of about 10 km. As the Ull-Kama Valley here is straight and flaky, the place where the gorge is diverged, it's clearly visible from Aula.

Opposite the mouth of the Uzunola Tourist base of Cherkessk. The road to Alpalar (about 9 km even) passes through the bridge through Ullu-Kam.

The uzuncola gorge rich in forest and meadow crops was inhabited since a long time. The massif, the remains of the dwelling and strengthening of the catwarm-Alan belonging to the IV-VIII centuries are excavated at the collection. The settlement is one of the earliest Alan monuments found in the West Caucasus, it seems to be summer cat. Defensive structures arising from the VI century - evidence of the decomposition of the generic community: feared not external enemies (the chain of the main ridge was served with reliable protection), and their tribesmen.

The road comes with a noticeable climbing the right bank of Uzunola. The valley is filled with forest. Pines climbed even on the rocks approached the river. On the way solar clearing, many raspberries, strawberries.

Kichkinkolsky Circus
Uzunkol is formed by the merger of Kichkenecol and Myrochi rivers. Kichkenecol gorge leaves southeast, Merda - southwest. The camp is located 1-1.5 km below the development. Near the merger, on the left bank of the Uzunola, in Pine Boru - Uzunkol Polyana, where tourists usually sue the day. From here it is also worth making a two-hour excursion to the kichkenecol gorge, to inspect the group of its vertices closing it - the Kichkenecol horseshoe.

In the Valley of Kichkenecol from Alpalage goes on the right bank in the pine forest path. With Uzunkol Polyana, bridge was transferred to it. After 1.5 km, the forest ends. The trail goes to a wetland, littered with plain stones. The top of the filter was opened ahead, a concave snowy field of which was seen from the bridge at the glade, and the gendarm on the crest of the castle. With each step, the panorama unfolds all wider. Good review - From Kosha's turn of the valley, about 1 km from the border of the forest. To the right of the castle, over the large Kichkenecole glacier, (his tongue is descended into the valley) a twin-old rock pin with a gendarme "finger" in the middle - twins. More to the right of Dalara's ass (3979 m).

Merdy's pass. Glacial lake Dalar
From the Merdy Valley there is a Passone (IB) over the main ridge. He takes into the gorge of the Saken River, one of the sources of Codori. The transition through this pass from Uzuncola to the village of Genzvish at the Military Sukhumskaya Road takes 2.5 days.

From Uzunkol Polyana Up to the left bank of the Mard River goes to the forest path. About 1 km away. Further, the left bank was littered with stone blocks, the trail passes through the bridge on the right. Another 1 km, at the forest border, it returns to the left bank, to the second koss. A bed of a few kilometers extends a flat wetland valley with rare groups Berez. The pass is not yet visible, it is hidden behind the twist of the valley. Above the gorge rises the rocky pinname of the pyramid.

The trail is broken by the edge of the left slope. An hour later, the walking swamp is replaced by "squeezing" of huge stones. Running forward, we note that the descent from the pass to the Saken River may be difficult. Since in the afternoon, the bad weather is more likely, and the choice of the right path in bad weather is difficult, it is recommended somewhere under the cover of the stones to have a night to be on the passage in the morning. Firewood should be taken from the forest.

The path to the pass is now clearly visible. In the south, the top of the brick is dominant over all. Wide saddle to which the western wall of the brick is broken, and there is a pass. Before passing the field of the Merda Glacier, he is visible above the Baranja LB chain.

The trail towards the glacier bypass Barani foreheads from the West. It rises along the herbaceous left slope of the valley. On the trail, on the ledge of the slope, the mountaineering sites ("Overnight People"). The glacier is severely cut by cracks, but among them it is easy to find the passage. To the pass from the glacier kits a snow slope to 25 °. From the Merdy Valley to the pass 3-4 hours of lifting.

From the south to the pass, an extensive snow plateau is adjacent - "Dome of Myrochi"; They begin with a leaving from the main range. Springs - Mogashirch ridge. From the dome two ways of descent: one or east, in the upper horse River Dalar, the other - to the southwest, in the Sakena Valley. Per south edge The dome in the mogshirh ridge is a decrease that serves as a pass (IB) connecting the Dalar with sachen. To get to the Saken River, you must go first on the dome about 1 km on this pass. Landmark - truncated cone towering over the cliff pass. Even further the peak of Saken.

From the saddle of Dalar - Saken, where from the dome it is not difficult to go through lightly destroyed rocks, and the upper flow of Saken and the Green Valley of Dalara are visible. The descent in the direction of sacaine for a broken snowman leads to the edge of the cliff. Here is the key location. Ways down on the sheer climb no! It is necessary to go without losing height, west. There is 500 m, a glacier is visible, cool falling from the slope of the Gvandra. The glacier leads the shelf in the rocks, in places is wide, in some places with a few meters. However, shelf it can be called very conditionally - at a considerable distance she covered with a fission. On this shelf and you need to move. In some way, the road is marked folded from stones tours. Technical difficulty The path does not represent, but requires the skill of confident walking next to the precipice. People who came to the mountains in the group should not be in the group (there is another embodiment, which can be cutting part of the shelf path: from Perevali to go on the dome of the Merda not in the direction of the saddle Darlar - Saken, but to the right, under the rocks of the southern crest of the top of the Merdy Basi (she snaps west Pass). Along the crest on the slight rocks to go on the shelf).

Further descent - by major stones edge of the glacier. Here you also need caution: multi-touch boulders are perfect. Finally, after half an hour of climbing in Stone Chaos, we go to the Morane and go down to the terrace's wide exhausted streams (here on sand vessels you can do), in the middle of which the glacier ends. Its gray-blue body dissected cracks on blocks. At the end of the grotto, where the stream of the sachen river is broken from the noise. Sitting a few hundred meters at a level place, the river is wrapped with a waterfall from the wall of lab branch in the valley. Barani foreheads go around to the left, under the slope of the sachen mountain. For the grass and stones, we go to the first left influx of Saken - a multi-colored stream, current from the mogshire ridge. Crossing around the snow bridge. On the other side of the smooth meadow.

The descent is over. Down a narrow sachen valley leads the trail. Until the first cat at the border of the beech crighter 5 km. Behind the foot trail climbs on the bumps. Unexpectedly the slopes are broken down. Among the meadows of Balagans shepherds.

The meadow begins a high-run forest. A twilight reigns there, so close fir, beech. Ferns above human growth. Another 10 km, the trail passes through the bridge on the right bank of Saken to Narzan. On the randum near the source several houses, there is a people's resort. Then goes the road. 6 km Sellia Saine, famous for the story Gulia Spring in Saken. From here to the village of Genzvish at the Military Sukhuma Road 1.5 hours walking.

To the lake Dalar.
Through the conversion of Merdes, the simplest (IA) runs, although not the shortest, the path from the Uzunola in the Gorge of Nenskra. From the Dome of Merda there are two descents: to the Saken Valley and Dalar. On the way to Dalara lies the glacial lake. A visit to it can be the goal of an independent radial or annular travel. Below are the routes to the Dalar and the options for an annular campaign (scheme 10).

From the Dome of Myrd (p. 209) in the Gorge of Dalara, the South Dalar glacier flows. The left side of the glacier form brick cliffs, right - snow-covered slopes of the Sachen mountain. From the dome on the hollow upper plateau of the glacier leads the 200-meter slope of steepness to 30 °. Since in the future it is to go to the left bank, on the descent to stay near the brick. However, at the end of the summer, when ice and stones are exposed on a steep area, it is better to descend on the plateau from the saddle Dalar - Saina in front of the Saken array.

Below the plateau, the glacier is very wasep. It is necessary to go to the left bank and descend along the wide shelves on the scarlet foreheads and the ozip. The end of the glacier breaks down to the lake. The ice wall rugged by vertical cracks is sometimes collapsed, icebergs float in the water. From Merdy's pass 1.5-2 hours walk

The Dalar River flows from the lake. All green valley with curly shrubs on the slopes is visible. The first hundred meters flow drops cool. Descent to the valley - left shore, near the river, on simple rocks and fuses.

The short (7 km) of the Gorge of Dalara is known for difficulty thickets. They start approximately 1 km, in front of the stream flowing from the castle glacier. At the border of the shrub Kosh. From here begins the trail. To circumvent part of the thickets, it is raised on the left slope. But here, the thick greens forcing sometimes crawling. Somehow trail is lost in stones. Finally, after 2 hours of exhausting promotion, we go to the creek from the castle glacier. At the mouth of the pan. The trail is improving. In the islands of the beech forest you can relax. Before the fall of Dalara in Nenskra about 3 hours walking. Down on the left bank of Nenskra (the bridge is gone there) there is a car trail. Before the village of Chubheri is about 300 km (p. 224).

To the lake Dalar, you can also go through the pass (IIA) between the tops of the brick and Dalar. The Snow Saddle of this Pass is visible from the headwaters of the Merda Valley over the Glacier North Dalar. Lifting to the top circus of the Glacier Right-Bank Morane, along the trail. Under the pass Bergshrund. It is necessary to traverse on the descent, to the east of the snowfield and through the colors of the Barani foreheads to go to the Larker, which goes into the corner under the cliffs of Dalara and twins. Further descent, adhering to the southern counterfort of twins, leads to a terrace just above and eastern lakes.

Option with a return from the Dalar lake on the northern side of the main ridge. Smooth, covered from the vessel, the place for the night is on the left slope east of the lake, on the terrace of meters a stairs above, above the fission. Hence the vertices of Dalara and twins are visible.

You need to go to the castle glacier and from there through Pass (IIA) between the peaks of Kichkenecol-Bashi and the filter in the Gorge of the Kichkenecol River (p. 213) or through the Pass (IB) east of Kichkenecol Bashi on the Chungur-Jar River (p. 214, 227 ). To get to the castle glacier, it is not necessary to descend into the gorge of the Dalar River and then make a difficult rise from the valley of its left tributary (p. 216). In short, it is easier from the said terrace near the lake to traverse (about 3 km) to the east of the grassy slope of the main ridge. Almost half of the traverse - to the green crest, departing from the top of the castle, is already visible with screaming behind the eastern edge of the terrace. You need to keep on the horizontal section of this ridge. The castle glacier becomes visible from the next scallop. Although the last stretch of traverse is complicated by the intersection or bypass (above the slope, at the place of the origin) of cool-rescued satellites, in general, the time spent on it (3-5 hours) is much less than on the "natural" path with descent to Dalara Valley.

On Kichkenecol Gorge on Nenskra
From the Kichkenecol Gorge, from the Glacier, the average kichkenecol, there is Pass (IIA) through the main ridge, derived by Nenskra, the Dalar River. Valley Nenskra is already in Svaneti. The path from the Uzunkol Polyana to the village of Chubheree on Nenskre takes 3-4 days.

The transition of the first day, until overnights on the glacier, the middle kichkenecol is about 3 hours. From the kosha at the turn of the Valley of Kichkenecol, where the panorama of the vertices closing it is deployed (p. 208), the edge of the glacier is visible under the northern slope of the filter.

Near the cat up the steep meadow slope of the valley separates the trail to the Dolomites (p. 219). The main trail, going through the stream with several ducts, continues on the flat bottom, under the right slope, among rare pines and birch. At the quarter of the hour walk, the next right tributary, the branch of the trail to the pass over the glacier is small kichkenecol (p. 221). Rise to the middle kichkenecol start in front of the third stream, 1 km from the previous one and without reaching about as much to the language of the Grand Kichkenecol Glacier, visible in the impasse of the gorge. This glacier left under the slope of the valley of Right-Bank Morane, the lower end of which overgrown with grass.

The trail on the right bank of the stream climbs into a green Morane. In the "pocket" behind the ridge, a smooth grassy platform with traces of bivouaks. It should be for the night, however, not here, and above, closer to the pass. The trail by going to the left of the old brands of his foreheads, rises to the right Morane of the Glacier Middle Kichkenecol. The glacier retreated from the lower end of the moraine on the filter slope and adjoins it only with the top field, oriental filter. Prior to this field about an hour of lifting along the trail along the moraine crest. At the upper end of the Moraine, at the level of the glacier, Ozerko. Near the developed platforms. Here and you need to sleep.

Pass to Dalar from here is clearly visible (in the south). This dissected Bergshrund a wide snowy slope with a height of about 200 m. Before his foot, a few hundred meters horizontal plateau of the glacier. To the right of the pass - the filter, on the left - the rocky vertex, topped with a turreka, -kchkenekol-Bashi. At the end of summer in the western slope over Bergshrund stands.

The rise to the pass should be started closer to Kichkenekol-Bashi, where there is a bridge over Bergshrund. Above Bergshrund is the most difficult place - 100 m resistant to 45 ° (alternated insurance). Next, you need to rise with the traverse to the west on the hollow field. There is a bridge over the second large crack (from the bottom indistinguishable) under the transshipment. The whole rise takes about 2 hours.

The pass is a ruined rock comb. There are several platforms under the tent. Review is stanese. In the north, over the sorry of Tallychat-Basi, saw the saw-shaped crest of dolomites. For the Uzunkola Gorge rises the rock tent of the closet. The southern panorama is framed with long, with many gendarmes and sheer ledge, the crest of the castle and the two vertices of black towers. In the middle, for the gorge of Dalara, the smooth line of the low Kodoro region. In the distance of the Ice-Rock Pyramid of the Staverra. The bottom of the Dalar gorge is not visible outside the edge of the western branch of the castle glacier, the smooth surface of which lies in 150 m under the pass. This edge also hides the icefall formed by the Western branch in its movement towards the Eastern, starting from black towers.

Descent on a glacier in small and medium movable glaciers and snowflakes. This is further important to find the departure of the icefall. From under the pass, you need to cross (in bundles) slightly convex field of the glacier to the south, in the direction on the tip of the crest of the castle. A few hundred years of meters from the rocks will be seen that the left of the glacier is shown on the burgger - Barbus forehead. It is necessary to go on it (less than an hour from the pass, there are camp sites). On the left opened the icefall over the branch foreheads.

The hillock breaks down towards Dalara with ass. You can go further on the screech between the hillocks and the cliffs of the castle or near the icefall, on the gentle "foreheads." In any case, you find yourself on the terrace in front of the language of the glacier, where the stream begins, the left influx of Dalara. The terrace ends with a 200-meter rock ledge, from which the stream is broken by a waterfall in a short (about 1.5 km) of the Tigal Valley. Descent into it after pre-exploration with the right slope, using herbaceous shelves. Communicable insurance!

Shortly before the flow of the stream in Dalar begins a difficult shrub. From the mouth down the way to the left bank of Dalara goes path. Birch, Ostrolisnik, Noodle grow thick. Crack forest islands come across. At the mouth of Dalara (about 3 hours walk) hunting hut. Near the log bridge over Nsenskra. On the left bank horse trail. To the village of Chubheri, from where you can go by car in Zugdidi, about 30 km (p. 224).

Jumper "Petrel". From the northern edge of the Uzunkol Polyana, from the bridge through the Uzunkol, visible above the Kichkenecol Gorge Top filter, and the right - the snow-ice jumper in the main ridge between the filter and the lock (not visible from the glade). With this high saddle (the jumper "Petrel"), serving pass (IIIA) from the Glacier Big Kichkenecol on the castle glacier, climb the filter and the lock. Saddle is easier by the castle glacier. When climbing the mentioned peaks, it is visited, as a rule, it is from this side, although to get to the castle of the castle from Uzunola, one more passage should be overcome (see the previous route). When the saddle passing through the direction preferably, the direction from the north to the south is to fall a more simple part of the path at the end of the running day.

From Uzunkol Polyana, only the topmost area of \u200b\u200blifting to the pass can be seen. The lower part is a steep icefall - it is visible in a profile from the kosha's turn of the Kichkenecol Valley. The whole rise is visible only from the Big Kichkenecol Glacier. This glacier surrounded by the peaks of the Kichkenecol horseshoe from the cat is clearly visible. You can go on it with two options.

First.
Continuing to go a right-bank trail, climb to the lower end of the right Manene of the glacier (p. 214). The main path, for overnight stays at the glacier, Middle Kichkenecol, leaves Morane. It is necessary to minimize on the less a trail, laid up the moraine crest with rare birches and an eggs. Without reaching 100 m until the top end of the Moraine (the shaft rests on the rock counterfour filter), the trail runs on the glacier.

Second option. Kosha go on the Kichkenecol clashes and, pressing to the left side of a flat wetland valley, to move towards the tip of the left moraine Glacier Big Kichkenecol. For the ridge of the Moraine rise (there are scraps of the trail) to the stream flowing from one of the hanging glaciers of the trapezium. Here are the platforms. From Uzunkol Polyana about 3 hours walking.

From here, the entire slope of the pass is visible. Three characteristic sites can be distinguished. At the bottom of the icefall, squeezed between the snow-ice slope of twins and the lock and the rocky sorry of the filter. Above ice discharges, adjacent to the ridge rocks crossing the filter slope. The topmost area is steep snowy fields (with ice yields) with Bergshrund.

The path under the icefall-through the smooth field of the Glacier Big Kichkenecol, for which it is more convenient to descend, passing along the Morane a few more hundred meters. The average steepness of the lifting of the icefall is about 30 °. It should be adhered to the right to move the side where cracks are less.

Behind the icefall lies with a diameter with long cracks of about 150 m.

The direct path to the pass is blocked by the mentioned discharge - almost a 100-meter ice wall. The castle, adjacent to it, is also very cool and avalanche. Wall around the wall - on the slope of the filter. From the side of the filter, the plateau is limited to the ridges of rocks, over which the glacier strip is visible (at the beginning of summer it looks like a solid snow field). You need to go up using shelves in the rocks, on this glacier. Travertging it towards the pass (steepness of 25-40 °), to reach the tip of the rock ridge, over the discharge.

About 250 m remains to the pass and not more than 150 m in height. The shortest path is the traverse of the icing snow slope of 30-40 ° under the rocky ridge, separating from the pass to the top of the filter. If, however, the cornice hangs on this ridge, it will have to descend (losing almost 100 m heights) under Bergshrund and overcome very steep (up to 50 °), the extended takeoff "in the forehead", through cracks. On the passage of the site.

The whole rise from the nights in Morane takes 7-9 hours. It is necessary to go out at night to be on the pass until 9 o'clock in the morning, while thin snow on the ice substrate on the upper slope will not be touched under the sun.

With the pass distant panorama east. In the foreground, the surroundings of the castle glacier: marked with a Kichkenecol-Bashi tooth, covered by the scree of the cliffs of Chungur-Jar, the pyramids of black towers. Behind, between Elbrus and a white cone of a stapler, a sea of \u200b\u200bvertices of the Central Caucasus. Clearly distinguishable ushba.

On the descent to the castle glacier, the filter slopes should be kept. Right, closer to the castle, - plumbers. From the saddle to the left and down the croup of bulk rocks. At the bottom until the middle of the summer lies the snow with ice. The descent passes along the sidelier, right side. After 200 m in the sidelier, the narrowing. It became clear that below is a snow field, but it is broken by Bergshrund. The main thing, the descent under the Kuloir would be stonepices. Having reached the narrowing, you need to cross the Kulawar left. With scallop over the left side, it is also visible to the left snowstore, nascent on the slope of the filter. It is easy to descend to it by destroyed stepped rocks, on which there are mountaineering platforms. At the exit from the sideline, the crack, but not solid - bypass on the left. Further, a gentle snow slope displays a lock surface of the castle. All descent takes 2-3 hours.

In the Valley of Chirikkola.

Dolomites. Dolomites - a rocky array in the outflow of the main ridge separating the valleys of Uzunola and Chirikkol. North and south of the array are passals (respectively, IB and IA); They enjoy to pass from the Uzunkol Polyana to Chirirlas or on his source - River Chunur Jar. Popular South Pass under which lies alpine lake. With lifting - a wide panorama of the Kichkenecol horseshoe. For the trained group, the transition through the South Dolomites Pass from Uzunkol Polyana to Chirikkol is possible per day. It is better, however, to do it for a day and a half to be in the lake in the morning. Interesting and excursion to Lake Like.

From Alpalage "Uzunola" we go on the Kichkenecol River Gorge of a good right-bank trail (see a description of the excursion to the Kichkenecol Circus, p. 208). Approximately 1 km over the border of the forest in Kichkenecol flows, running into small ducts, the right influx. There is a kosh. Flat-bottom the valley continues the path to kichkenecol glaciers. Up on a grassy slope, holding the stream, leaves the trail on the Dolomites. Neither the vertex nor the pass from the valley is not visible. After 1-1.5 hours of steep lifting, the trail displays the alpine meadow to the common terrace - a comfortable place to sleep. Training detachments of climbers stop here.

The lake is located on the next, large, terrace, the edge of which is visible at 500 m, behind gray fission. The tops of the Dolomites are blocked over the terrace. Lifting to the lake (the trail is still naked) takes about an hour.

In a relaxed blue water, reddish walls of dolomites are reflected. If we raise 10-20 m on the rocks southern ShoreA picture of Dalara and the trapezoid will open with the cliff.

Lake Dolomites
In the stones surrounding the lake, the trail is lost. But the pass is already clearly visible - a wide saddle in the south-east. To the left of the pass, Dolomites comb, on the right - the low rock vertex "40 years of the Tatar ASSR". Lifting to the passage along the moraine screaming and the snowfriend takes less than an hour. Before the fission, one more small lake.

The east side of the pass is a hollow snow field. It brings to the beginning of a long, steep sideline filled with an unstable fission (in the upper part covered with snow). Kuluaire stonepipedated. A safer descent need to look for the right to destroyed the rocks of the peak "40 years of the Tatar ASSR" and Ozipos. It leads (about 2 hours from the pass) to the left bank of the River Chungur-Jar, on a flat pebble-sand terrace in front of the language of the same name of the glacier. There are no trails here.

A poorly noticeable trail begins below the river, on the next herbal terrace. This terrace breaks up to the north, in the lower valley, steep breadheads. On the cliff, the trail is knocked out around the thread. Below "Lbov" it goes by the subalpiy meadow. After 1 km, it is replaced by birch crosses. Comfortable spot For Bivuaka - in Pine near the merge of the flow of Chunur Jar with the Talychhan River (p. 227). To him from the Chungur-Jar glacier about 4 km (walking time).

Through small kichkenecol. Uncomplicated (IA) One-day transition to the Valley of the Chungur-Jar River through the pass over the glacier Small Kichkenecol is attractive as the rise to the Dolomites, the panorama of the Kichkenecol circus.

The route starts from Alpalage Uzunkol and to Kosha in the Valley of the Kichkenokol River (p. 208) coincides with the route for Dolomites. The pass and the glacier from the bottom are not visible, they are hidden behind the grassy slope of the valley. Going around the cat through a broken stream of streams, you need to go further along the main trail of the flat valley of kichkenecol, under the right slope. The path to the glacier Small Kichkenecol is branched at about 1 km from the kosha, not reaching 100 m to the next right inflow of the Kichkenec River; This stream originates from the glacier. The branch must be found, because without a trail to rise through the shrub and thickets of Rhododendron difficult.

After a few hundred meters, the shrub ends, the rise continues on a steep herbaceous ridge. The stream remains on the right all the time. Above the ridge rests on the rock step. The passage is at the very stream, along a steep herbaceous sidelier. Sended from it, finding ourselves on a wetland terrace. It can be seen that the streams with a waterfall with lab bams. Barani foreheads go around on the left. Further, on a large screeching and Morane, we go to the glacier Small Kichkenecol, in the depths of which is clearly visible to a narrow translated saddle.

Umbos under it. From Alpalage to Pass 6-7 hours walk.

The descent to the east first fuses, then on a small glacier. At the end of the glacier - Barani foreheads, they go around to the left. Then there are long screeching, for which we go (2 hours from the pass) on the language of the Chungur-Jar glacier. Further descent on Chungur Jiar is described in the previous route.

Tallychat. Sports groups practice the transition to the Congur-Jara Valley (and in the opposite direction) near the main ridge itself, through Tallychant Pass (IIA). It is located between the peaks of Kichkenecol-Basi (in the main ridge) and Tallychat and leads from the glacier Middle Kichkenecol in the southwest corner of the Chungur Glacier.

At the top plateau of the glacier, the middle kichkenecol, on the right Morane, have overnight stays. Before them from Alpalage about 3 hours walk along a good trail (p. 214). With a plateau visible in the east the whole rise to the pass. This is a narrowing 250-meter steep snowy crown upward. In the lower part of Bergshrund, overcoming which is the main difficulty. If there is no bridge, bypass should be sought on the rocks on the left (several tens of meters with hook insurance; front without a backpack). Over Bergshrund, a snowy slope has a steepness to 45 °, it takes alternately.

The descent to the east first was not difficult cliffs, then on the snow field, sticking to the rocks of Tallychat.

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Source of information and photo:
Social team

Leila Ghechiyaeva,
Karachayevsk

Abode of vintage deep

The road itself in the stupid is full of fascinating details. The state of majestic nature, beautiful legends, folk monuments will cause admiration for the amateur of the whole beautiful and tougher romance. Nor a person, then a separate topic for the article that neither architectural constructions or terrain, then historical dressing.

For example, a red bridge over the river in the honest gorge gave the Karachai to the legend of love. Many consider this story at all are no legend, but historical fact. And perhaps, the right and the legend mutually coexist in this beautiful, but tragic love story. How to know ...

Not far from the Red Bridge is Kadau Tash - the Holy Stone Karacha, according to the legend the people who protect people from the troubles and misfortunes. This place has long been revered by the people and attracts the attention of travelers.

Not far from this stone is the territory of the Elbrus silver rudnik. The honesty gorge has long been richly rudded by ores - silver, gold, lead, chrome. In the 50s of the XIX century, economic buildings were built for a ruddown enterprise. For a long time, the Elbrus mine was a place of practical training for students of the Moscow Mining Institute. Since the end of the XIX century, the mine served as the main rendering of the public treasury. Not only Karachai, but also neighboring Cossacks and other mountain societies could be supported by the time of the revolution and other mountain societies before the time of revolution, including their mountain schools, including the Scienting School. Humarinskoye Postal Department has functioned to the funds reversed from the development of the mine, these funds contained teachers invited from Central Russia, as well as hospital workers and pharmacies.
Now, unfortunately, the mine is abandoned ...

Student - cradle of talents

The modest two-story building of the first secular ski school is located in a picturesque place - not far from the merger of the River Hurzuk and Studet, right at the source of Kuban. The school was created on the initiative of the outstanding kada karada Magomet Bayramukov, who was supported by the then Tsarsky abandoning Karachai Nikolai Grigorievich Petrinshevich, who was nimbled in the people of Zukku Priestop because of a light squint. The person is unique in its kind. He lived in a difficult time. And although the shots of the Caucasian War have risen, in the hearts of freedom-loving horses, the fierce and distrust of new authorities still lived. But the kindness, the wisdom of the royal bailiff, his respect for the traditions and mentality of the Highlanders did their job, and Petrinshevich soon enjoyed great respect and confidence among the local population.

So, having enlisted with the support of the bailiff, the advanced people punishment in 1878 open the first secular school in Studech. Before that day, children studied with mosques and madrasas. The meaning of this school for puncture is great, since in those days the student was the center of the public, political and cultural life of all the punishment, the children were trained in school from all the nearest Aulov - Khurzuka, the Upper Studkulana, Kagegurt, Duut and Jazzlyc. The school was international, in addition to Karachay and Balkarians in her walls studied - Jews, Kumyki, Georgians, Tatars, Russians and others. The first teacher of the school was Moses Oleinikov, later - Ossetian Chrumov, Tatar, Supankulov, the first Karachai teacher was an enlightener.

Scienting school is famous for its graduates: the first chairman of the Karachay-Cherkess regional executive committee, a well-known writer, translator, the first candidate of medical sciences, the legendary poet, the People's Poet of Balkaria, the first mining engineer Ali Janibekov, Linguist-Turkologist Ahmat Bayramkulov, Poet Azret Urnets ... These are the names of people forever remaining in the history of the people.

Focus of antiquity

In school, carefully refer to their historical past. At the initiative of the current director of the Uchklass school Slanebek Janibekov, a museum was created in the building of the first secular school. During his existence, it was visited by a huge number of people. The connoisseurs of their culture and traditions have the opportunity, as if on the car time to be transferred to distant times and see the life of their ancestors. In the creation of the museum, former teachers of the history of Ibrahim and Boris Shamanov, a veteran of pedagogical labor A. Janibekov, candidate of historical sciences A. Boschaev and others were active.

A distinctive feature of our museum is that he is the only PCR, where the material is assembled, showing the development of popular education in Karachay since the 70s of the XIX century, says Salabek Yunusovich. - We take this building, and, thank God, the building has been preserved during the deportation of the Karachai people. Being a kind of focus of the antiquity, the museum becomes the richest source for the development of the spiritual culture of students and all its visitors.

The first room. On the stands on the right there were photos of the first students, first teachers, first graduates. A bit of military topics - on the left photo of active participants in the Great Patriotic War - immigrants from the Scise Team: Haji-Ahmat Salpagarova, Azret Shamanova, Sagita Habicheva, Yusuf G. G. On the stands lie military trophies.

In the second room, the creators of the museum to simulate an ancient Karachai Sack. At the entrance to the left there is a focus, the cauldron hangs, near the Teply (dining table), a cumman, intended for ablution of hands. On the wall hangs Gybet (burlap from the goat's skin) - for storing grain, flour and other croup, a kipper (burlap from sheepskin leather) for liquids - milk, ayran and sour cream. In Starin, the focus was opened for air penetration, and sometimes to make sure the culinary abilities of the girl liked, young people looked into the hole of the focus. On the floor-skeletal felt carpet, which was made in the old people. On the wall velvet red carpet, embroidered with golden threads. There is also a cross-linked eagle with a pocket, where the craftsmen folded their tools for embroidery. Handmade wooden beds, which is about 200 years old.

The third room collected clothes of our ancestors, household items and crafts. The benches indicate the family signs of Karachai birth. All household equipment is made by old masters manually. Here is a sieve, wooden oils, goppans, chambers, parts of a weaving machine, trough, soha, irons, caulders, Aragun and much more. Women's clothes are posted - winter, summer, festive, for work. Most products exhibited in the museum, about 150-200 years, although they do not say that they are so old. For example, "Kerte Tone" (an old sheep with silver buttons) of our great-grandmothers - not inferior in the quality of modern models of winter clothes. However, not all wardrobe items are created by the hands of masters. "Ishley Chuukla" - Women's shoes on heels, for example, brought from England. Here are our great-grandmothers!

The fourth room is a converted classroom. Here, employees of the museum regularly hold lessons on the Gorsky etiquette, on the history of Karachay-Cherkessia, native literature, meetings with war veterans, with noble people punishing.
At the stands, biographies and photos of famous Karachayvtsev, starting from 1878 to date, are neatly posted. Ismail Aliyev, Boris Ebzeev, Khalimat Bairamukova, Mudalif Batchaev, Issa Karaketov, Kurman Kurdazhiev, Azamat Suünchiv, Bilyal Salpagarov, Rakai Aliyev and many others, whose names are presented policies, culture and art of Karachay.

Janibekov Schanibekov nice to note that there are a lot of people and villagers, and high-ranking officials, and schoolchildren with teachers come to admire the old days. The museum has an honorary book where visitors record their wishes and impressions from what they saw. It has been conducted from May 1, 1995 and there are a lot of warm words in it and addressed to the Creator of the Museum, and to the people having rich history and culture. The first guests of the museum were professors of the University of St. Petersburg and a delegation from Turkey headed by the Minister of Culture of the country.

The museum forms a careful attitude towards the whole old, and each time his visitors go to the eternal, invaluable - the history of the people. You will be in Studechlane, be sure to go to the museum - you will not regret.

In the head of the Kuban, in the imposition of the p. Student, there is a major Aul Studellan, who has one hundred years. He along with nearby Card Jurh, Hurzuk and a little with. Given in the next valley made up a big karachay. It was the main territory occupied by Karachay. It is believed that in B. Karachai, for the close gorge of Kuban, and the Karachai people have developed.

Archaeological data show that, unlike other areas of the Caucasus, there was no dramatic change of the population. In a semi-kilometer from modern aula, I was studied on the left bank of the river. Ullou-Kam, a settlement was found that existed from Kobansky (beginning of the I millennium BC) and to Alanian time. In the material culture of this, more than a 1.5-thousand years traced continuity.

The road was laid down the gorge, the lateral valleys are permeated by the paths: in the summer they hold Cauchy in the meadows. Mahara and Gondara's confluence, not far from widely fame mineral SourceIn the 60s and 1970s, the recreation bases of several enterprises and educational institutions were built. In the valley of the daut of cars of livestock breakers. Aul Daut half feud.

The branched network of valley allows you to build a variety of radial and ring routes for Studylant. For the first acquaintance with the mountains are good excursions to the foot of the Gvandra, hiking on Oz. Ullu-Koyl and to Lakes Kurzo. Larger experience requires a rise to the Water Separation of the Studkulak and Uzun-Pom, from which distant panoramas, and routes from Dauta Verkhovyev. Also a few of the Ice Passions of Middle Difficulty are also known in the date node.

Student is connected by a bus line (about 45 km) with Karachai. This industrial city was founded in 1928 (before the war he was called Mikoyan-Shahar) as the center of the Karachai Autonomous Region, and now is the center of the district of the same name. On the outskirts of the bridge, on the right bank of the Kuban, a round squat tower-fortress survived, built in the first half of the XIX century. Russian troops to locate the exit from Karachay Ayov. Similar strengthening is in Art. Krasnogorsk near Cherkessk.

The bus first is a narrow street of the village. Kamennikova, then along the highway with the right bank of the river. In the deep, covered with deciduous forest gorge there are no villages, but placed separate buildings, children and sports camps. An andesitic quarry remained on the left side. To water pummies LEP supports stretched out in the Transcaucasia; Then the line goes to the dautsky ridge. By 24 km - the tourist shelter "Kuban", and by 26 km, at the bridge against the entrance to the Gorge of the Daut, - the wagon of the reserve.

Soon the highway moves to the left bank, on the right, in the p. Hude, there are several standard houses with red tiled roofs. Water in Helosy is often muddy, brown. Up on the right bank of this river is the dirt road, the bridge is moving there.

For honestly on the right bank of the Kuban, the buildings of Elbrus-Skodnik (30 km) are visible. The mining of silvervitz ore with the participation of Belgian capital began in 1891, the products were exported to Zap. Europe. In 1891-92 The Rudnik worked as an outstanding Ossetian poet and the enlightener Costa Hetagurov. I. P. Krymshamkhalov worked here, subsequently a public figure, one of the pioneers of Karachai literature. Now the industrial mining of ores stopped, for some time the mine was used as a training base of the Moscow Mining Institute.

The valley is expanding, the road goes among the gardens of the village. Elbrus. At this place on October 20, 1828, the squad of Russian troops under the command of Emanuel, who came from the Kislovodsk fortress along Hu-desu, broke the militia of Karachay. The result was the joining punishment to Russia. Local elders took the oath of the king. On Kuma, the Hahlandukov fortress was established by the exchange courtyard, so as the potseas "could get salt there, iron, goods and bread and would be missing within the limits of Russia according to their need." In the future, Karachay remained aside from the devastating Caucasian war, the movement of Shamil. Despite the colonial policies of the authorities that appeared on the feudal tip, the majority of the population considered the accession to Russia with the abolition of Dani Kabardian princes and the expansion of trade acceptable. An innovation appeared in the farm: Plouge processing of the Earth, the spread of potatoes, replacing the local unproductive breed of cows into Ukrainian, hives in the dafeca. Cattle and wood exported. On the lands of many other nations Zap. Caucasus Military actions and punitive expeditions continued for a long time. The Caucasian War ended in Kbaja (Red Polyana) in 1864

The nature of the gorge is changing. The slopes - first the left, and then right - they are taken off, while maintaining only rare pines (the studio of the brand is dry dry). The highway returns to the right side and enters into Aul Card-Jurut. This is one of the oldest villages in the mountains founded in the XVI-XVII centuries, and maybe before. In those days, there were escalated from the entire Caucasus. Mogilnik on the left bank of the Kuban at least 400 years (excavations showed that he belongs to the housesulman period). People mastered the Verkhnekuban Basin for a very long time ago: in the cards-juront and the studs of bronze bars and casting forms of the Kobansky era were found.

In the village, old, long-abandoned, log houses with an earthwood roof are preserved. This type of dwelling is characteristic only for the Karacha and Baksan Gorge in Balkaria. With the second halves XIX. in. Received (from the Cossack population) The house built from local materials is usually wooden and an incelaved clay, as a rule, with one or two rows of rooms, a duplex roof and gallery. In the postwar years in the upper villages, as in the foothills, brick houses are built with a four-piece roofing of tiles, iron or slate.

The remaining few kilometers before Studyard the road runs wide by the widespread by the farms again accompanied by a high-voltage line. The student is located on the right bank of the river of the same name in his sign in Kuban, which is the above merger called Ullu-Kam. In the village there are mail, shops, in the center there are forestry. At the entrance to Aul Monument died during the Great Patriotic War, and behind the bridge through Ullou-Kam - the monument to the Hero of the Soviet Union O. M. Kasa-Eve, the commander of the partisan detachment operating in the Mogilev region. On the school building, a memorial plaque was strengthened with the name of Karachai teacher and educator I. M. Bayramukova (1869-1921).

At the bridge over r. Student preserved a small two-storey house of the old school (1878) - the first secular educational institution in Karacha.

The road was laid down the gorge, the lateral valleys are permeated by the paths: in the summer they hold Cauchy in the meadows. The merger of Mahara and Gondara, not far from the wide fame of the mineral source, in the 60-70s, the recreation bases of several enterprises and educational institutions were built. In the valley of the daut of cars of livestock breakers. Aul Daut half feud.

The bus first is a narrow street of the village. Kamennikova, then along the highway with the right bank of the river. In the deep, covered with deciduous forest gorge there are no villages, but there are separate buildings, children's and sports camps. An andesitic quarry remained on the left side. To water pummies LEP supports stretched out in the Transcaucasia; Then the line goes to the dautsky ridge. By 24 km - the tourist shelter "Kuban", and by 26 km, at the bridge against the entrance to the Gorge of the Daut, - the wagon of the reserve.

In the village, old, long-abandoned, log houses with an earthwood roof are preserved. This type of dwelling is characteristic only for the Karacha and Baksan Gorge in Balkaria. From the second half of the XIX century. Received (from the Cossack population) The house built from local materials is usually wooden and an incelaved clay, as a rule, with one or two rows of rooms, a duplex roof and gallery. In the postwar years in the upper villages, as in the foothills, brick houses are built with a four-piece roofing of tiles, iron or slate.

At the bridge over r. Student preserved a small two-storey house of the old school (1878) - the first secular educational institution in Karacha.

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Geography

Located along the River Studkulak, where the Studkulanichi River and Ullu-Kam, in 37 km south-east of Karachai. The district center and the studio connect the road, renovated in 2013.

Topographic maps

List card Kislovodsk. Scale: 1: 200 000. The state of the area for 1983. Edition 1988

History

Aul Stukkulan has several hundred years. In 1878, the very first secular educational institution in the Karachai region was opened - the People's School with five-year learning. In the late XIX century of the XX century, the student was included in the Batalpashinsky branch of the Kuban region. The population was then more than 5 thousand inhabitants, a 2-class school was functioning with a hostel for the mountaineers, 5 mosques, 19 shops, 5 forge. Worked cattle breeding (sheep more than 60 thousand). 19 beekeepers worked, which had more than 1,200 hives.

In 2012, digital television began to function in Studeklana.

In Aul, the hero of the Russian Federation Abdullah Izhaev was born.

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Notes

An excerpt characterizing the student (Aul)

"You are right, Moron, I have no serious reason to torment you ..." "And immediately smiled. "But do we need him? .. Yes, and moreover, not all torments leave visible traces, right?
I did not want to stay! .. I did not want to look like this monstrous "Holiness" will practice their "talents" on a completely innocent person. But I also knew perfectly well that Karaff would not let me go until my torment enjoyed me at the same time. Therefore, by gathering how much my broken nerves allowed me, I prepared to watch ...
A mighty executioner easily raised Cardinal, tieting a heavy stone to his feet. At first, I could not understand what such torture meant, but the continuation, unfortunately, did not make you wait ... The executioner pulled the lever, and the body of the cardinal began to rise ... I heard a crunch - it came out of his joints and vertebrae. My hair stood on end! But Cardinal was silent.
- Scream, Moron! Deliver me pleasure! Perhaps then I will let you go before. Well, what are you? .. I order you. Scream !!!
Dad shared ... He hated when people did not break. He hated if he was not afraid ... And therefore, for "naughty" torture, a much stubborn and evils continued.
Moron became white as death. According to his thin face, large droplets of sweat were rolling and, breaking, dripped on the ground. His excerpt was striking, but I understood that it would not be able to continue for a long time - every living body had a limit ... I wanted to help him, try somehow anesthesia. And then I unexpectedly came to mind a funny thought, which I immediately tried to implement - a stone hanging on the feet of Cardinal, became weightless! .. Karaff, fortunately, I did not notice. And Morona raised his eyes in surprise, and immediately closed them, so as not to issue. But I managed to see - he understood. And continued to "conjure" further to make it easier for his pain as much as possible.
- Get out, Madonna! - Dad exclaimed displeasure. - You prevent me from enjoying the spectacle. I have long wanted to see if our dear friend will be so proud, after the work of my executioner? You prevent me, Isidor!
This meant - he, nevertheless, understood ...
Karaff was not seen, but he somehow traveled to his incredibly sharp little. So now, having revealing that something happens, and not wanting to lose control over the situation, he ordered me to retire.
But now I myself did not want to leave. My assistance was required by the miserable cardinal, and I sincerely wanted to help him. For I knew that leave him alone with Karaffoy - no one knew whether Moron would see the coming day. But the Karaff was clearly not worried about ... Without giving me even to indignant, the second executioner literally carried me out the door and pushing toward the corridor, returned to the room, where alone with Karaff remains, albeit a very brave, but completely helpless, good person. ..
I stood in the corridor, confusedly thinking how to help him. But the exit from his sad situation, unfortunately, was not. In any case, I could not find it so quickly ... Although, honestly, my very position was, probably, still sad ... Yes, while Karaff has not yet tormented me. But the physical pain was not so terrible as terrible was tormented and the death of loved people ... I did not know what was happening to Anna, and, afraid to somehow intervene, helplessly waited ... From my sad experience, I am too good I understood - I called in some kind of rapid effect of dad, and the result will only get worse - Anna will probably suffer.