Boat Soviet Union Story. Cruise rest in the USSR

On this motor ship traveled only the favorites. This liner knew perfectly in the West - they were judged on him, as they live in the Soviet Union, but most of The USSR's population did not even guess his existence. His life was shrouded in secret. Still remains the mystery and his death

On February 16, 1986, at 15:00 from the New Zealand port, Picton came out by the Soviet cruise ship "Mikhail Lermontov" on board, which was 408 passengers and 330 crew members. The ship was walked by the Queen Charlotte. At 16:35, the captain of the vessel went to the cabin, and on the bridge there were a vetted navigator, the second assistant captain, two sailors and New Zealand Lotsman. Lotsman told passengers on the radio about local attractions. At his request, the course of the vessel was paired closer to the shore. At 5:30 pm, the motor ship entered the course from the strait into an open ocean.
Suddenly, Lotsman gave the team: "Roule left, 10 degrees." The watch officer duplicated the order, and the motor ship, changing the course, entered the narrow strait between Cape Jackson (Cape Jackson) and Walkers Rock Lighthouse. The second assistant Captain Gusev reported that he sees browns on the water. To the question why the course has changed, Lotsman replied to the Wakten Navigar Sergey Stepanishchev, which wants to enable passengers to admire the beauties of Cape Jackson. At 17:34, the second team of Lotsmana sounded: "Roule left, 10 degrees." The motor ship "Mikhail Lermontov" at 17:38 at the speed of 15 knots entered the strait. An unexpectedly passenger vessel is crashed into an underwater cliff. The length of the samples was 12 meters. Waterproof bulkheads were damaged, and by inertia, the motor ship continued to move forward. The captain Vorobyev immediately appeared on the move bridge, who took the management of the court on himself. He decided to throw a motor ship on sandy sandy in the Gulf of the Port Gore.


At this time, the passengers of the ship gathered in the music salon. They were entertained accompanied by artists. At 17:43, a public alarm was announced. The report sounded on the bridge that waterproof doors were angry. At 17:45, the vessel's roll was already 5 degrees. Water began to enter the refrigerated department, gym, grocery storerooms, laundry and printing house. Water leaked through poorly locked waterproof machinery doors. At 18:20, when the emergency group tried to fasten the doors, the ship's roll was already 10 degrees. The captain gave an order to prepare rescue equipment. The report was received on the bridge that the water fills the main distribution shield of the power supply, as a result of which the main engines stopped and the electricity was gone. At 19:10, the vessel's roll was 12 degrees and the captain gave an order to leave the engine room.


The ship "Mikhail Lermontov" was built on March 18, 1972 in the GDR on the shipyard "Mathias-thesen Werft" of the city of Wismar (former GDR). Building cruise liner Controlled commission from the Ministry of Maritime Fleet. The ship was commissioned in 1973. Its destination was regular service cruise lines. In the same year, on May 28, the ship "Mikhail Lermontov" left the port of the registry of Leningrad and went on his first flight on the route Bremerhaven London-Gavr New York, where arriving at the end point sea Travel June 11, became the first Soviet passenger vessel who visited the foreign American port over the past 25 years. However, in 1980, the United States took counter measures against the Soviet government, which introduced his troops to Afghanistan banning all Soviet courts to visit the US ports and the liner was transferred to routes to Europe.
A few years later, in 1982, the vessel was modernizing, which cost the Soviet state of $ 15 million. Since then, the ship "Mikhail Lermontov" answered all international standards transatlantic liner. It was the first ship of the Passenger Fleet, which was mounted by the American-made satellite communications station. The cruise liner on the thought of his creator was a showcase of the Soviet lifestyle, so the appearance did not bother to appearance and internally. In Germany, the hull of the vessel repainted into white, there were more cashe suites that demanded the market. Finish, design and comfort of the premises hit the imagination even those who had seen the world of Soviet sailors. Salon deck surprised glass shops and open shop windows. Elegantly equipped bars: the comfort of the Sadko Bar with his soft seats attracted many guests, real trees grew in the winter garden, the music salon was accounted for about 500 spectators.
According to the Maritime Charter, the captain personally gained the crew staff of the new ship. Getting to the team of the ship "Mikhail Lermontov" was considered great luck. Competition in the world of passenger shipping was serious, so the rate was made on democraticity and sociability of personnel. The captain convinced the leadership of the Soviet fleet to introduce on such vessels in addition to the usual marine form, the gala form for the command staff. Appear in places where passengers are resting, it was forbidden. Only members of the vessel crew were involved in the artistic amateur, on the Western cruise liners, professional performers are invited. Passengers liked that nurses and librarians, stewarts and bags, flight attendants and galley workers sing and dance for them. Cooks and waiters on cruise Soviet courts studied the kitchen of the peoples of the world and the secrets of the serving. Takes were colossal, and expenses were appropriate. On the ship were dance and choral groups. His fuch orchestra who necessarily played the deck when the ship went to the port.

The project of the ship "Mikhail Lermontov" has become a successful propaganda share of the Soviet government. The ship actually performed the work of diplomatic services, successfully advertised the Soviet lifestyle in the West.
After the Caribbean crisis of 1962, the international situation of Stewed Soviet government took a number of activities aimed at guiding bridges between East and West. The Soviet-Canadian line opened the ship "Alexander Pushkin". The ship "Mikhail Lermontov" was instructed to master the USSR-US tour. On the day of arrival in New York, the Soviet liner visited about 500 journalists, and in the morning the American newspapers came out with the headlines: "Mikhail Lermontov," Cold War, put an end to the cold war. " The Americans recognized the Soviet liner and passengers appeared on the ship. The motor ship has become a notable ship in the market passenger traffic. He created a serious competition with some western cruise liners. When the American line was closed, the USSR Ministry of the Marine Fleet drew attention to the large stream of passengers between England and Australia and in 1979 the ship "Mikhail Lermontov" was sent to work in the southern hemisphere. Soviet cruise liner made seven worldwide tours. He came out of London, visiting the most beautiful corners of the world, and returned to London, but on the other side of the world.
The atmosphere on the ship was homely. Crossing the equator, passengers with the team participated in the holidays of Neptune and Pirate dinners, for which special diplomas received. We attended excursions in ports and were sick for the crew of the "Mikhail Lermontov" ship when they played with other teams in football or tennis. The liner was a small state on which the usual life flowed. They got acquainted here, fell in love, married and dying.
Many passengers went to cruises annually and welcomed the crew members as relatives. They brought gifts to them, and then wrote letters and called to visit.
Movement in the waters of the World Ocean regulated special maritime organizations, the so-called conferences. The participation in them was worth a lot of money, but instead of motor shipmen received the right of unhindered movement and support in the ports of the whole world. The conferences were followed and then the prices for cruises from different providers of such services were held approximately at the same level. The Ministry of Passenger Fleet of the USSR created its own company in England. The named "CTC", where tickets at low prices were sold, so foreign tourists stood in line to get to the Soviet ship. The price reduction was compensated by low costs. Our sea vessels We used the Soviet fuel, which was much cheaper than the Western, saved and on salaries of Soviet sailors (the captain of the ship for the flight received about $ 70, and other crew members from 20 to 30 US dollars). In England, tickets to the Soviet liner were sold at a price of $ 70 per day. The ten-day tour on the ship cost 700 US dollars. The British, for example, accommodation on the Soviet boat sometimes did cheaper than life on the shore. This fact naturally did not like Western cruise firms, so they were taken by all sorts of provocations.


At 19:18, the vessel roll was already 13 percent, on the motor ship included emergency lighting. At 19:20, tanker gas carrier "Tarihiko" arrived at the resinuum vessel and the sea ferry "Arahura". The team was given, urgently land passengers. Landing took place relatively organized. At 21:15, the report came to the bridge that passengers were taken to the coast of Tarihiko and Arahura. Then the captain gave the order to check the premises and evacuate the crew.
At 21:30, the vessel roll reached 23 degrees. At 22:10 rescue operation ended. Passengers and crew members met police and doctors. Lotsman under the supervision of two crew members was taken to the steam "Arahura", but as soon as the vessel was to the shore, he mysteriously disappeared. There is a version for which pilot fled from the ship through the toilet, which was in the captain's cabin. The toilet had double doors, which Soviet officers did not guessed. Police did not know for a long time where he was looking for and how he managed to hide.


When night went over the passenger ship, he was already lying on board. At 22:10, the famous cruise liner "Mikhail Lermontov" sank in the Gulf of the Port of Mountains. Many of the team members who float next to the ship in boats, looked at this terrible spectacle with bitterness. They cried and did not believe that it could happen. When they spent a rollback, one person did not respond. Pavel Ponyadimova was in the refrigerated compartment. It was there that the ship received a basic hole.
In Leningrad, the crew of the passenger ship was waiting for relatives with warm things and representatives of the competent authorities that were not interested in the psychological and physical condition of the crew members.
The catastrophe from the coast of New Zealand occurred on the eve of the opening of the 27th CPSU Congress, which heated interest in the version that the motor ship was removed from the market competitors. On the fact of shipwrecks of the vessel, the USSR and New Zealand In record rapid deadlines conducted an investigation. Materials immediately segregated. In the history of the death of the liner, there was a lot of no clear questions - why the experienced pilot led the ship on the rocks, why the Watching Assistant made a change in the course, could have been able to save the ship and finally, who was to blame.
On February 18, 1986, the North-West Transport Prosecutor's Office of the city of Leningrad was initiated by a criminal case on the shipwreck of the ship "Mikhail Lermontov". In the actions of Captain Vorobyov, the investigation did not see the composition of the crime. The prosecution was filed with senior assistant Stepanishchev for the transfer of his right to control the vessel through the steering. Two months later, the prosecutor's office passed the case to the Leningrad City Court. Soon senior assistant Captain Sergey Stepanishev was convicted for 4 years of correctional work. When submitting a sentence, the court took into account the illegal actions of a citizen of New Zealand Lotsmana Marlborovskaya Aquatorium Donald Jemyisson.
The court decision in the case of Stepanisheva, the New Zealand side called the totalitarian justice. Jamison was not condemned, he voluntarily passed his pilot license and expressed deep regret for the incident. Lotsman's career completed the captain of a small freight ship. He never talked about the tragedy of the ship, even with countrymen. For all these years, not one journalist never managed to interview Donald Jemison.


The history of the vessel "Mikhail Lermontov" did not end with his death. Foreign passengers threw the Australian courts with claims to the Baltic Sea Shipping Company for millions of US dollars. To reduce the measure of indignation, the New Zealand guide raised a safe to the surface with the jewels of passengers who have stored them.
The question of the restoration of the passenger ship was resolved at the highest instances, but the cost of the event exceeded the cost of the vessel. On August 20, 1986, an order was signed to write down the "Mikhail Lermontov" ship from the balance of the Baltic Marine Shipping Company.
Passenger motor ship was not insured, because it did not make sense to insure in Soviet companies, because the whole sea \u200b\u200btransport belonged to one owner - the state. Funds for the payment of damage to the passengers tried to recover from New Zealand. In April 1989, the Baltic Marine Shipping Company presented the port of Picton and Lotsmana to the authorities of Pictald Jamison for 100 million Australian dollars or $ 45 million. The trial lasted for several years. Lawyers found out that Lotsman was one in several faces. He performed the responsibilities of the Director General of the Board and the captain of Picton's port, was the only pilot and in addition the guide throughout the water area. Jamison worked 7 days a week to 16-18 hours a day. Excessively exploiting Donald Jemyisson, Picton's port authorities violated a huge amount of both New Zealand and international conventions, and therefore were to be responsible for the actions of Lotsmann, which led to tragic consequences. As a result, the Baltic Marine Shipping Company received 2 million 750 thousand US dollars. The amount, of course, is significantly less than it was announced in the lawsuit, but the Soviet side considered such an outcome of the affairs of the affairs. In world practice, the ship's accident usually answers the shipowner, and not Lotsman, moreover, the details of the death of the vessel became known, but the USSR did not want to give them to publicity. It was not beneficial to the dissemination of information and New Zealand. Island state So I have lost damages - 5 years after the ship's catastrophe, passenger ships did not attend these places. The parties concluded a settlement agreement and pledged to keep him secret for five years. The version that the ship has removed competitors, has not been discussed anywhere.
Before the place of death of the ship can be reached in three hours. Rent a boat and gear costs 800 American dollars. The ship "Mikhail Lermontov" lies at a depth of 36 meters. In clear weather, his board can be seen from the sea surface.
In New Zealand, the passenger motor ship gave impetus to the development of diving. "Black divers" rushed to Lainera, which raised alcoholic beverages, caviar in iron banks, dishes, gold and silver products, retrieved the frame of the mahogany from the windows of the cabin, the deck loungers were cleaned, overlooking the disaster. Collecting items from the ship "Mikhail Lermontov" has become a favorite occupation of local. International laws prohibit raising any items with dead courts. In some countries, the punishment for this is extremely severe - up to 6 years in prison, but New Zealand lives in its island laws. The number of people willing to visit the Soviet ship still does not decrease.

In addition to the documentary note of Vietnam, the book included the abbreviated version of the previously published book "Synd - the village of Relatives" dedicated to the village of the village, founded by Belarusian migrants on Amur in 1912, including my direct relatives on the grandmother's grandmother's line.

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Led Book Foreign Fragment About Vietnam and not only (Lyudmila Krylova-Lopacchenko) Granted by our book partner - LITRES.

A little stories about the steamer "Soviet Union"

The ship was laid in Hamburg on August 24, 1921 for transatlantic flights from Germany to America and is named after the largest shipowner - Albert Ballina. Paroturbation could transport more than 1,800 people in the cabins of the first, second and third classes.

In 1935, due to the fact that Albert Ballin, by origin, was a Jew, the decision of the Nazi authorities the ship was renamed Hansa. "Ganza" translates from German as the trade union of the North-German cities.

During World War II, Hansa was part of the Navy of Germany and transported military goods and troops. In March 1945 during the evacuation of the German troops from Eastern Prussia Hansa blew up on Mine and sunk at a 20-meter depth of 9 miles from the coast. In accordance with the decisions of the Potsdam Conference of the leaders of the Three Allied Powers of the Naval and Trade Floty, Germany were divided between the winning countries to reparations1. The courts intended for the transfer of the USSR and "Gansa". In 1949, the ship was raised, after restoration work from two flue pipes, one left, from four masts with cargo arrows there were only two.

Albert Ballin liner (Albert Ballin), mid-1920s

In 1953, the ship received official name "Soviet Union", and in 1955 he entered into the Sea Fleet of the USSR. It was the largest ship of the USSR shopping fleet of that time.

Soviet passenger cargo Ship Soviet Union In the Soviet Union (Bay Golden Rog, Vladivostok), 1957.

In March 1957, the Soviet Union arrived in Vladivostok and began working at the Kamchatka express line Vladivostok-Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. He worked on this line from 1957 to 1980. From 1965 to 1977, the Captain Paroturbare "Soviet Union" was a hero of socialist labor, Boris Andreevich Grishin. For the service personnel, he was "Correspondence" - his cabin was located at the top. For six months of work on the vessel, I saw it only once and then we can say, a glimpse when he left his cabin.

The cabins of the layout were much lower. Every time the storm began, round portholes In our cabins trembled tightly, so they were called "coarse". In the storm, when the ship fell into the wave's nose, we saw in the porthole only water. And when the feed went under water - there was heaven in the porthole.

Usually everything suffered in the storm: both attendants, and especially passengers. With a killee swing, we went to the stern with a girlfriend's girlfriend, they were tied with a rope to the doors going to the open deck of the stern, and swung on a swing, only sensations here were more abrupt than on a swing.

Kelest pitching is when that nose, the feed goes into the water. With onboard swing, it was interesting to walk on the corridors of the 1st class corridors. Their length was more than a hundred meters. We ran a stand there.

During the roll on the left or right side, it seemed that a person walking along the corridor was not directly, but diagonally.

I came to work for the ship at the end of 1969. I was told about him many legends, many of which were true. It was a German ship, which was spoken by the preserved metallic plates with inscriptions in German.

Closed walking deck.

(Four lives of the Soviet Union)

Here we evenly danced with the passengers free from watch from the watch, and when the pre-examines were taken to Kamchatka and smokers or demobilized back, then the servicemen were sleeping with smooth rows, putting a poster wrote before entering the deck: " Girls, please do not conntove" Such passengers focused on three thousand.

At that time, the Soviet Union was not allowed abroad, since the ship did not have documents, and in the flight, as they spoke on the ship, he was accompanied by a submarine. I saw her once at night.

Who at least once visited the flight at the Soviet Union, received an indelible impression of life. I worked on it more than six months. My goal was to earn a "visa" and visit abroad.

The movie the film ended. In the photo: the number 1 class (left to right) Valentina Zhmurin - head of the cinema, Svetlana Polashuk and Natalia Magula. Photo ator.

Sometimes we have our own cabins in which there were five-room 1st classrooms, ordered meals from the restaurant through the chefs, with whom they were in good relationships.

On the floor of the cabin of the 1st grade was the cinema and pool. In the pool, we sometimes bathed. The crew members were forbidden to swim, but the keys from it were in numbers 1 class, which means we. I first worked for a number, then I was transferred to the music salon.

In the photo, license plates are preparing for flight. In the foreground Svetlana Pisulshchuk (left) and Nadezhda Didno. 1970. Photo by author.

In 1980, the Soviet Union was written off and sold to Japan on scrap metal called Tobolsk. Of course, it was not decent to let the Soviet Union on "Nails".

In the 1970s, the ship with the title "Tobolsk" stood at the pier (in my opinion) as a floating hotel. Apparently, by the time of the write-off of the Soviet Union, the real "Tobolsk" was already written off. At the "Union" I never earned a visa, after six months of work on it, I was in charge of him because of the skirmish with the Starrome. There were several people with me, among them was Natalia Mogul.

It turned out that Natalia and I went with the "Union" at the same time and at the same time settled on the ship "Felix Dzerzhinsky", where they became friends, although they were just familiar.

In the photo: Magula's daeous Natalia (left) and Valentina Konovalova. Photo by author.

Postcard. Steamer "Soviet Union". 1970. From the personal archive of the author

The motor ship of the Penterns

In 1970, the Black Sea Shipping Company was transferred to the Far Eastern Shipping Company « Felix Dzerzhinsky "for its further operation. A team was gained to the ship, which was supposed to replace the team from Odessa.

As it turned out, the new team, from the captain to the cleaner, was recruited, as they rumored, from "Ptandes", that is, people who have written off from other boats for various provinces. For example, I was written off because of the conflict with Starrome, as I mentioned.

Felix Dzerzhinsky motor ship. Picture from the landing ticket. 1970. Black Sea Marine Shipping Company

But what was it a wonderful motor ship and what a wonderful team! The ship by own forces urgently prepared for flight, and the captain went to an unusual experiment: to attract more people to repairs, he replaced the road and fire sailors to the girls.

At the same time, the girl, the only cadet of the seaworthy school, was held on our motor ship.

Once there happened a funny case. In Vladivostok, late autumn is worse than winter. Strong wind, instead of rain - small icy needles. I stood at a ladder in a toil. At this time, two guys run past, covering faces from ice rain. They have already slipped past me, how suddenly one of them says: "Listen, there seems to be a girl standing on the ladder." They returned and with surprise began to ask me how it was allowed to work with a sailor. I decided to cloud a little, say that we have the whole team of women's. Guys, of course, did not believe.

Usually, the electric buttons was displayed on the heat shifts, the electrical button was displayed on the ladder to call the rotten call. One call is a wrapal sailor, two calls - a firewall watching sailor, three calls - a Watch assistant captain and four - the captain himself. And so I press the button, the girl comes on and asks what happened. I say that the boys do not believe that we have sailors - girls. Then I click two calls - the fire sailor resorts, also a girl.

I say guys again: "Well, not yet believe?" - And I press three calls, and at this time our cadet duty was aimed at the captain's assistant. She, in the form of a navigator, screams to me from the captain's bridge: "Luda, what about you?" "And I tell her:" Yes, the guys do not believe that we have a fully female team on the ship. "

She immediately reacts and says: "Yes, an experiment is carried out on our ship: in the team some girls." Distributed guys stand and do not know, believe or not. And suddenly one shows another: "Look! The port of the registry is Odessa! " (And we still did not change the inscription). And then the second says: "Yes, from these Odessans you can expect everything," and they ran further, and probably told about the miracle they saw.

Felix Dzerzhinsky motor ship in the Russian Bay Under Loading fresh water. (Kamchatka). Photo by author.

Free from the watch crew members on vacation in the Russian bay. From left to right: Captain N.I. Svitenko, Nancy Tymoshenko and I (Ludmila Ladmila)

Russian bay. From left to right: Zhanna Librarian, senior license plate Lyudmila, Larisa, Motorist Motorist Volodya. Photo by the author

Felix Dzerzhinsky, unlike the Soviet Union, was not standing on a certain passenger line. It was very interesting - every time a new flight. We visited Kamchatka, Kurilla, in Magadan, Anadyr, Nakhodka. We passed almost all the bays of the coast of Okhotsk and Japanese Morese. Descended to whaling fleets on Canary Islands (It was a journey from the winter to the summer). Canara - the dream of all sailors of Vladivostok. Returned tanned, to envy all their friends and acquaintances. And only coming to the port, we learned where the next flight would be.

There were flights that lasted more than a month. So I was remembered to the Bristol Bay (from the Canadian Coast), where our fishing seinols were fished. On board our ship was the change of fishermen and members of the crews of the seiners: on the substitution of those who for some reason had to return home - after all, the fishery lasted several months.

We stood in the sea, and there are dozens of fishing vessels around us. There was a quiet evening. On all vessels burned lights, and because it was light.

I stood on the deck. We talked to Botathers, as strange noise and some screams suddenly heard. Boatswie fell off and disappeared somewhere. He returned with a gun and began to shoot at sea. Having made a few shots, he explained that it was the lighter to chase the flock of a silence that Syvuchi would now appear in all vessels, and the grades will return to the sea. I say: "And what, they understand who they shoot, and who are protected?". He says: "Of course. They are smart as people. "

After some time, the truth appeared Sivuchi. On ships with a low sediment, they were crap on the deck and rummaged in networks, pulling the stuck fish. Those that could not climb, rose from the water and were rising by the fish, which fishermen were served. I thought that my life was going to go to the sea, my own struggle for existence, no less dramatic than on zemob

At the same time, the Bristol Expedition contained filmmakers who shot the film about everyday life of fishing seiners. Having finished a business trip, they returned home on our ship. It was a wonderful flight. Creative people went with us. They organized KVN between the crew team and the team of passengers.

We lost to passengers, but I won the captains in the contest.

Competition of captains. Parody on Captain rivals. Photo from the author's archive.

The KVN crew team. Photo from the author's archive

The KVN rival team is a passenger team. Photo from the author's archive

KVN jury: on the right passenger assistant captain of the ship Ernst Nikolaevich, senior license plate Lyudmila Sergeevna, left representatives of passengers. Photo from the author's archive.

Fans in the music salon. In the foreground on the left, Captain Nikolai Ivanovich Svitenko. Photo from the author's archive

After the publication of all these materials in his blog, suddenly in a year I received a comment, whose fragment is public here. After dozens of the representative of the Komostava ship "Felix Dzerzhinsky", I learned the secret about the award of the first place to the team of passengers:

Lyudmila Nikolaevna!

I see that my comments are already irrelevant in a year, but I really hope that you will answer me. I think that I was a witness and even a direct member of the events described by the T / X Felix Dzerzhinsky. In addition to the unconditionally recognizable Captain Captain Svitenko, I try to identify other people captured in the photo.

You, as I understand it, fell on t / x literally on his parish from Odessa. This or autumn 1969, or early spring 1970. I know for sure (recording in the employment record) that I went to it from April to June 1970 - I wanted exact dates to specify, but there are no books at hand. At this time we made several flights to Kamchatka and to the Beringovomorsa Expedition (Bristol). Here, in this expedition, KVN was organized with submenimal crews of fishing vessels (we lost: the role of fishermen has played the role of fishermen in the jury crab canned food). Here, in my opinion, our memory also coincides.

Alexander.

But the most awesome for me was another news. In May 1971, I opened a visa, and I went to another ship, which went abroad, and in July, in July, Vladimir Vysotsky concert was given at Felix Dzerzhinsky.

Still on this ship at least a month, I would, at least witnessed this historical event.

I learned about this after many years, stumbled upon the Internet on the forum "Vladimir Vysotsky. Creativity and fate "2 (2008). There I found a wonderful photo and two interesting quotes.

In the photo of the Kamostav of the ship "Felix Dzerzhinsky" with Vladimir Vysotsky. In the center of Captain N. I. Swatenko, 1971. At Felix Dzerzhinsky, someone from the crew shot

"June 30, 1971. Vladivostok (during a trip to the voyage), on T / X Felix Dzerzhinsky.

Man on the left of V.V. (Vladimir Vysotsky) - Captain of the ship N. Swatenko.

Comment: "And the name of this captain is accidentally not Nicholas? It looks very similar to Nicholas Holyanon from "Roman about girls."Photo of 1971, and the novel this kind of Vysotsky wrote later. Maybe in memory and now I remembered ...

Answer: "Yes, Nikolai. But this coincidence, I think there is never any similar surnames. "

And I'm just sure - This is not a coincidence. At the beginning of the memories of the ship "Felix Dzerzhinsky", I wrote that there was a slightly, among the sailors, Dzerzhinsky, "the ship of the finnish", since the whole team, from the captain to the cleaner, was recruited from people who were written off from other vessels for Different provinces, and everyone knew who was punished for. They said that our captain punished "allegedly for contact with the youngster," therefore it was transferred to work with foreign flights. These were rumors. What was in fact no one knew. It may be this topic inspired by his poetic lines:

Then Brazil will dream

And you wake up - our shore,

Someone goes abroad

And someone coat. "Sailing of a commercial freight or passenger ship between marine ports The same state. "

Nikolay Ivanovich Vitentko was at the time 35 years. No one condemned him, because it was very intelligent, educated, by all the respected person. Perfectly played on the piano, guitar, sang well. But, the teen girls really pursued him, and he shaved from them, as the damn from Ladan.

After the speech of Vladimir Vysotsky on the "Dzerzhinsky" Vysotsky and switty became friends. I found this information on the Internet, and when I got acquainted with the unfinished "novel about the girls" Vysotsky, I realized that the prototype of the hero of the book – Holyanon Nicholas - He became the captain of the ship "Felix Dzerzhinsky", Nikolai Ivanovich Svitenko.

"Roman about girls" is the name of the unfinished prose of Vladimir Vysotsky. Really novel or just a story with this name wrote a poet, we will never know. Only a literary fact is observed - the narrative breaks after three tens of pages. Obtained, asked only the story vectors of the main characters - ex-student students of the theater institute, a currency prostitute Tamara Poliketa, the criminal of Nikolay Khutenko, named colleague and Alexander Kuleshov, under the name of which the author brought himself to "Roman ..."

... Tamara, who was really a very girl, loved Nikolai Holyanko, was already an adult glory guy named "Colleague". It was nicknamed so because it should be that with him it was always good and reliably. "

Ilya Rubinstein.

Reference: N. I. Svitenko until 2011 he worked as deputy captain of the sea shopping port in the city of Sevastopol, wrote the book "Sea roads and meetings on them" 3. He spoke at the evenings dedicated to the memory of V. Vysotsky. "

I learned about this on the website of the newspaper "New Sevastopol":

«… In the Marine Library named after Admiral M. P. Lazarev, July 24, the day of memory of Vladimir Vysotsky "Sea Vysotsky" will be held. We provide for the performance of the captain of the Far Nikolai Nikolai Ivanovich, now the Deputy Captain of the Sevastopol Maritime Trading Port, the author of the book "Sea Roads and Meetings on them", about friendship with Vysotsky, his stay in Vladivostok on board the ship "Felix Dzerzhinsky" in July 1971 .

Nikolai Ivanovich Svitenko. year 2009. Fragment of the cover of the book "Sea roads and meetings on them"

That's how unexpectedly for myself, I learned about the further fate of our captain, Nikolai Ivanovich Svitenko, his friendship with Vladimir Vysotsky, and the most interesting thing is that Nikolai Ivanovich became the prototype of the main character of "Roman about girls" Vysotsky.

In memory of Vladimir Vysotsky's stay in Vladivostok in 1971, there on July 27, 2013 opened the first in Russia singing a monument to V. Vysotsky. This material can be found in the photo specified.

At the opening of a singing monument to Vladimir Vysotsky. Vladivostok, 2013.

At the opening of the monument to Vladimir Vysotsky.

Having studied with Felix Dzerzhinsky, I got on the smallest cargo ship Far Eastern shipping company - Sea ship "Zeya", which was chartered at Vietnam for half a year. I would not have written these memories if there were no events that occurred with the crew of the Zeya's ship in May 1972, the witness and the participant of which I had the opportunity to become.

Red river

In 1971, after I spent more than a year on the courts of Far Eastern Maritime Shipping Company ("Soviet Union", Felix Dzerzhinsky), I received a "visa" abroad, and thus I have the opportunity to visit not just for Border, and in the most exotic, even today, countries. I took for one of the most small-sized courts of Far Eastern shipping shipment from the TIS series - the ship "Zeya".

After several flights to Japan, Zeya unexpectedly for us was chartered for six months to work in Vietnam.

I worked on the "Zeya" ship in the posts of day and buffets.

We were preparing to go to the port of our registry - Haiphon. At that time, Vietnam was divided into two parts - Northern Vietnam and South Vietnam. In Haifone (Port of Northern Vietnam) was relatively calm. How I read in one of the newspapers, "Military actions walked mainly much south of 17 parallels, which was a strip of land, scorched by the napalm and mutilated funnels from bombs and missiles."

However, we were warned about the possible beginning of hostilities and in the northern part of Vietnam, and suggested those who did not want to expose themselves to the risk to shore or go to another ship. Only one woman left, who announced that he had already experienced "happiness" - to be under the bombing in Vietnam. But, since other crew members are "happiness" have not survived, then everyone agreed to go to this together, as it turned out later, a very dangerous flight. Our motor ship arrived at the port of Haiphon in April 1971, but since it was a semi-annual freight, then we did not hurry to put us in the berth, everything is in the ports of the Soviet Union. We stood on a red river raid, which is ten kilometers from the port in the yellow sea.

On the night of the second May, the first raid of American aircraft on the port of Haiphon was committed. In addition to the Soviet shopping ships, the pier and on the raid stood Polish, Bulgarian, Chinese ships and vessels of other sovereign states. There was a rainy season, which was accompanied by strong thunderstorms and almost incessant zippers. But the explosions and glow from them who woke us very much differed from gaps and light of natural origin. I immediately understood that the bombing began. We all ran to the upper deck and, taking on board, peered into the darkness. The airplanes and almost next to the board, the harmless belligent, the shells released by the aircraft were closed above us. It was incomprehensible to whom they were intended, because the peaceful ships were stood around.

Suddenly, a strong explosion rang out on the outskirts of the city. Glow from him lit the whole city. As we later learned, it blew up the petroleum. After a few seconds a warm explosive wave, which came to our ship, lightly pushing us from the side. The hum, explosions, shooting, bulling on the water shells - all this created a feeling of some unreality.

In the morning of the next day I sat on a deck chair on the upper open deck. Suddenly I see: the head of the radio station runs past me and tells me that it will begin to bomb. I ask why he decided so. "Look at the sky," says. I look up, and there all the sky in white stripes is traces from barely visible airplanes. Subsequently, white stripes in the sky will be precursors of another bombing. It seems to me, and the moments did not pass, as a terrible growing buzz from dive aircraft heard.

I always, when I watched films about the war, tied this cutting ears with the incident bombs. But it turns out that such a sound is published by piquetting aircraft, because bombs are reset from a small height, and they almost immediately exploded, falling into the goal. American pilots threw bombs with sniper accuracy.

Somehow, during the raid to the board of our ship "under the shum", a Chinese shipyard was moored, armed with a large-caliber machine gun of the Soviet production of the sample of the Great Patriotic War, and opened the shooting on the flying on low height aircraft. It was very similar to provocation. Immediately the Captain team rang on the ship's radio: "Calm the mooring of the Chinese", "that was immediately done, and the Chinese shipshop began to quickly attach the flow from our side. But the shots were noticed by the Americans. We knew that they would not forgive such tricks.

There were no moments, as from the left and right side of our ship, two powerful explosions rang out. It seemed to me that our "Zeya" was thrown over the water.

A huge pole of water with a sludge rose. They say, we were saved by the fact that the bombs exploded at the bottom of the river, extinguished by the shock force of numerous fragments, which was sleeping the whole deck. Sailors from neighboring vessels standing on the raid and witnessed these explosions, they decided that Zeya died. But, when a pillar of water with a raised from the bottom, Il dropped, everything, as we told us, did not believe their eyes - "Zeya" stood in her place.

On external communication from all of our boats, challenges were challenged: "Zeya", answer how many killed and wounded. " Our radist from shock could still still come to himself, because he was in the radio and seen how the bombs fell from the plane and exploded. Having calmed down, he began to answer that we had no killed or injured. But we had already hurried to the sanitary and fire boats. Until now, I have been staring for terrible souvenirs - a few fragments from those bombings.

Our, that is, the Soviet presence in Vietnam, it was represented by a limited contingent of military advisers - specialists in testing missiles "earth-air", as I later, many years later, read in the newspaper. Any movement of Soviet specialists immediately became famous to Americans. This indicated the next fact.

When we were already standing at the pier, at night next to Zeeye, the ship "Grisha Hakobyan" was moored.

Early in the morning, as always, I included the wagon in the cabin company. At this time, usually information about the deployment of ships on the raid and at the pier was transferred to a purely Russian language. Suddenly hear: "Tonight was the unloading of the ship" Grisha Hakobyan ", on board who was tanks." It was not customary about the loads of this kind out loud, we learned about them for salary for salary, and such dumps are sharp for the language of the sailors called "coffins". We at the "xe" sometimes also received such allowances.

We believed that in the Thrums "Grisha Hakobyan" was not flour in how quickly the unloading was held. Usually with the loads of this kind as flour, rice had to wait for unloading weeks, and then they coped over a day.

The hoods on the highland were carried out with regular frequency, at the same time three times a day. During the wax, the members of the carriage (the most curious, who belonged to and I) rose to the upper deck and, putting black glasses, looked into the sky, trying to count the number of aircraft involved in bombing. And their number sometimes reached twenty. We were sure that we would not fire us, so if they wake .... Yes, and on our little shy and hidden it was nowhere. The decks of other ships standing nearby were deserted. We watched our rockets rising from somewhere from the depths of the jungle, chased aircraft. The spectacle is indescribable.

Assami-controlled airplanes, prescribing complex figures, left rockets. But it happened that the rocket achieved the goal, and then we saw numerous fragments of a shotled aircraft, falling, as in slow motion, on rice fields or to the river, where numerous ships were on the raid.

We were told by Vietnamese that if a shot down flyer on his parachute fell into the hands of peaceful peasants working in rice fields, he had no chance to survive. It was hammered by a moth or simply broken into parts, because there were no Vietnamese families, wherever one person died. On the streets of Hymfon, we saw many children-cripped victims of Nalalm or Bomb.

Vietnam 1970s. "Dolly". American aircraft shot down in the sky of Vietnam.

In the evening of the same day, when Grisha Hakobyan arrived, we went to the arrival of the motor ship at the invitation of the fourth mechanic, a large fans of Russian emigrant songs. Some cassettes we rewrote yourself.

At night, Grisha Hakobyan was supposed to follow the loading coal to the Camf port, it is six hours of our move from Hyphon. We could not assume that after a day we will again be on board the Grisha Akopyan, which will happen to him and that our "Zeya" will go to the rescue. In the port of Camf, the Americans have overtaken the motor ship, the rocket was aiming at the cabin of the fourth mechanic, where we spent the time on the day before.

The fact that the terrible misfortune crashed, we learned at midnight: on one of our Soviet boats, "SOS" with Grisha Akopyan were caught.

The advice was collected from the captains of our ships who stood in the port and members of the port of the port of the Haiphon, which was decided to send to the salvation of people and the ship "Grisha Hakobyan" our "Zeu". Why the choice fell on us, one could only guess. First, because of the relatively small sediment of the ship - after all, the Farwater of the River was already minted, secondly, due to the small number of the crew. It happens that there will be less victims (for comparison: on the "Pioneer class" heaters, to which "Grisha Hakobyan" belonged, the crew consisted of about 40 people, there were 27 people on our motorhip).

In Camp walked all night. The ship entered the Farwater port of the camphor in the morning, and we immediately seen the drop of smoke. Farwater passed between rocky shores of a small bay, which was already minted. At the rate of "Zey" stood single cliffs in the form of large pillars. Because of this cliff, the Vietnamese boat-johnka appeared, with which the red flag was mahali, warning about danger.

Our captain, Vitaly Evustikheevich Belov, gathered the crew and suggested to make a choice: either come back, or follow the mined path and save the motor ship and crew. But we have already seen a smoking motor ship, so even thoughts did not arise about the return, and Zeya continued the way. And here appeared american airplaneswho continued mining the fairway with deep bombs; Those fell right along the path of our following, sometimes getting on the rocks, and immediately exploded. All not occupied crew members gathered on the top deck in rescue vests In case of incoming shell on a motor ship. But, apparently, the Americans have not yet planned to bomb us. We moored on board to the pier, and the nasal part to the ship tolerant. To his surprise, we did not find the crew. There was no one on the shore. As then, we were explained by Vietnamese comrades, while the port of the port, which and the port could be called with a big stretch, as there was only one "Grisha Hakobyan", the captain was wounded, the boatswain was killed, and the entire crew was directed deep into the mainland.

We had a direct connection with Moscow, which was carried out through Pompolit (assistant captain on the political part). We were informed that we must wait for the crew of the Graschan Hakobyan's ship and take it onto their board.

At Zee, the hoses turned to extinguish the fire, but I had to first cool the deck: she was hot, because in the hold coal burned. Fired fires immediately from several points - from the shore and on the ship itself. Later, Vietnamese workers ports approached and began to help our sailors from the shore. Suddenly, from Moscow, we received an order to immediately leave the port, as Americans began to threaten us. Around our vessels continued mining.

We were forced to leave without fulfilling our main task; There were no news about the fate of the crew. Later, we were told that the crew was taken to the "Pereslavl-Zalessky" ship and sent to his homeland, which turned out to be untrue (if you believe the historian A. Rosina). The same way, on the mined phawatera, we returned to the external raid of the port of Haiphon.

The courts that stood in the port of Haifona stood there for almost a year, until the river was cleaned by our travelers.

However, we were ordered to return to the port. This news was unpleasantly surprised, because it was already impossible to go there. The port himself was imperatively bombed, and the shore was fired at the distance shot by the American ships, and so that mines and shells with a whistle flew over our heads. Airplanes, rising from aircraft carriers and bombed port, also flew over us and back. It was scary, especially when airplanes, bombing, returned to the aircraft carrier. It was the bombing aircraft that received damage, gave a machine-gun to standing on the raid the Tanker "Pevek". The shells were in the superstructure, where the teams were located, where the cabins were located, the queue was silent by the cabin, where four women were located, they said that they were all hooked.

Above the coastal stood black smoke. From the shore on the boats, which accumulated at the external raid, and there were about twenty, they flew the birds, many of which did not reach the ships and fell into the water. We, having turned over the board, substituted their hands, and they were exhausted, sat down right on the palm. So we stood for several days.

Finally got the long-awaited order - leave the port. We left almost the last, after us only "Pereslavl-Zalessky" took. Our vessel was scheduled, and we were received for half a year new Port Signs - Hong Kong. Going out of the Tonkin Gulf, we stumbled upon a military American ship, which, sending his nasal gun on us, made it stop. I do not know how much this confrontation would continue if there is not our older colleague Antonina Fedorovna. She ordered to put on girls, and we had three things with her, bright dresses and go to the deck, what we did than led to the horror of the senior assistant captain, but we saw revival opposite. The Americans faded our hands, we answered them. We realized that they would not shoot from guns from guns.

A few days later, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Philippine Islands, we met the American aircraft carrier, who walked from Vietnam to rest in Singapore. It turned out that we were in the oncoming course and from us, of course, demanded to collapse, because this bullfin was accompanied by a great security - deck helicopters and airplanes, ships and a submarine, which surfaced on this occasion.

Our captain, without reacting to the signals, continued to follow his course. Essential, our captain turned into a gambling worn boy, who flatly refused to instruct any American admiral there. And we saw how all this commander began to turn off our course. And what they remained to do - we were in neutral waters, and no one was decree; And we, such proud, went near, looking at them not from top to bottom, but on the contrary, from the bottom up. It was our little revenge for everything we had to go through. So ended our participation in the Vietnamese events of 1972.

P.S. When in May 1973, we returned to Vladivostok, the first who entered the side of the "Zees" were employees of the State Security Committee. I do not know with whom and what they were talking about, but personally they wondered if I took pictures in camphor. I had a camera "Kiev", but before the occasion of Vietnam, all those who had cameras, passed them to pompolith in the safe. Such existed strict rule. In the camphor, when the fire was tushed, someone from the guys brought me my camera and said: "Take pictures." I had more than a dozen fluid frames, and they all turned out.

End of a familiarization fragment.

The human body is capable of much, I would even say to the impossible. About this story of one escape across the ocean.

December 1974. Pacific Ocean. On the passenger liner "Soviet Union" Dancing. On board a few hundred lucky. These are Soviet citizens who were lucky in the midst of winter to go to the sea tropical cruise. Only a very attentive view of all tourists would allocate one not quite usual. He was almost always alone, while others drank, ate and having fun. He looked at the ocean for hours or studied the starry sky. On the evening of December 13, 1974, a person goes to the top bridge and looks around. On the main deck passengers danced, the girls expected invitations to the dance. But the lonely passenger looked not on them, but in the dark beyond. Roaring ocean and a single fire on the horizon. The clock was shown 21:00. One minute, a man went down to the stern of the main deck and took a step overboard across the border of the state.

On the eve of the new 1975, Muscovites were preparing for New Year's celebrations. In pre-holiday days, a sensational news comes from the ocean - Escape from the USSR. A citizen of the Soviet Union rushed into the Pacific Ocean from the side of the liner. After three days spent in the water, he independently went to the Philippine Bank. But the Soviet radio stations and the press were silent, and through the noise and interference of the so-called "jumper" radio station "Voice of America" \u200b\u200breported the name of the fugitive. It was Stanislav Vasilyevich Kurilov. At the request of relatives, where Stas, they received the answer, - disappeared. And after 12 years, the fugitive gave an interview to Israel. Modest and shy man with an insecure english and disarming smile. It is difficult to believe, but this he made one of the most desperate and bold shoots from the USSR in all his seventy-year-old history.

It was a jump from the height of a five-story house for a rotating rowing screw. Three-day swimming in the storm ocean among sharks. Not one training system does not guarantee the safety of a person who decided on such a crazy act.

underwater Laboratory "Chernomor"

And, nevertheless, serious experience in water and under the water from Stanislav Kurilov really was and only because of this he managed to survive. So in 1968 near Gelendzhik on the coast, the underwater laboratory "Chernomor" was carried out. Among the testes there was a young oceanologist Stanislav Kurilov. The multi-torque unit allowed divers weeks to live under water, and go to work on the seabed.

The task of the underwater expedition was to find out how the body behaves in unusual conditions and what are the limits of human capabilities. Axanavats under conditions of increased pressure and without sunlight experienced permanent physical exertion.

steamer "Albert Ballin"

liner "Soviet Union"

The Soviet Union's liner for almost half a century was considered the largest passenger ship in the USSR. In height, the ship could be compared with the multi-storey house, its length is more than 200 meters, a displacement of over 30 thousand tons. However, in the encyclopedias did not write about him. And the reason in the German origin of the vessel. His initial name "Albert Ballin". The liner was built in Hamburg in 1925. In 1945, Skill. After the war raised from the bottom Baltic SeaAlready in 1957, under the name "Soviet Union" arrived in the new port of Vladivostok registry. Soviet passengers hit luxury and liner's decoration. Shining patterned parquet, bronze lamps, backlit pool, in one word a real floating palace. To knock out a foreign trip on such a liner for an ordinary Soviet citizen was almost incredible luck. However, this luck of Stanislav Kurilov accompanied. He read the rainy November evening in the newspaper "Evening Leningrad" a small announcement that everyone wanted to take part in sea cruise called "From Winter to Summer". It was to the equator. On the liner there were about 1,200 people of tourists, and he followed without entering a foreign port, to the equator without stopping, and then back. Singing a pleasant opportunity to sunbathe in December. But the future fugitive was not going to sunbathe. He easily received a ticket, because the liner will not stop in foreign ports, which means there is a visa for passengers. It is also not necessary to guard them, where passengers can go if around many kilometers solid ocean. Imagine that someone will decide to jump from the side of the largest cruise liner in the USSR, even experienced state security officers simply did not have enough imagination.

Stanislav Kurilov from early childhood dreamed of adventures. He imagined himself on a tropical island. He raved the sea, and could admire the picture with the picture with the sailboat. He considered "hopelessly land people." Passion Stanislav to the sea, they considered Blazhly, which will soon pass. Already at 10 years old, he announced on the street that Irtysh swollen is a huge shipping river with a lot of water filters and a rapid flow. Glory barely enough forces to fulfill the promise, but the real horror he will experience 28 years later, when it will be at a distance of several meters from the rotating liner screw in the open ocean.

The Soviet Union liner came out of the port of Vladivostok on December 8, 1974. Stanislav Kurilov mentally forgusing his homeland, however, the final confidence that he would be able to escape, he had not yet. In addition, the future fugitive did not take with him a map of the Pacific Ocean and did not even capture the compass that for a person who had previously preparing a person is unforgivable negligence. 3 days after the exit from the port, the passengers were walking along the deck in some smelters, and sunk under the south sun. Most of them came to board with caustic as a precipice, and Stanislav Kurilov still did not really decide anything spent all his free time. He peered at the horizon line at the same time trying to see the Earth.

At the age of 15, Stanislav Kurilov secretly from the parents rides from Semipalatinsk to Leningrad to get to the ship of far-sailing. He immediately received a refusal, but for the first time in his life sees the sea, and gives him an oath to return to him. "They were not allowed to be Jung, it means that I will be captured!", I decided for myself glory. There was no doubt about the traveler. He decided to enter the nautical school, for which he studies textbooks in mathematics and physics. But here he is waiting for a strike again - because of myopia, he cannot pass the medical commission. It seems fate of him persistently, once again trying to lead away from the sea, but he does not intend to give up. When there was almost no hope of tie their hopes with the sea, Stanislav Kurilov recalls that there is still a faculty of oceanology, and enters the Leningrad Hydrometeorological Institute. Here he learns about the origin of the ocean winds and flows, and also learns to read the sea navigation map. It is already very soon from how he applies these knowledge will depend on his life.

cruise route liner "Soviet Union"

On December 11, 1974, the Soviet Union liner was in full swing to Equator. The decision on the shoot of Kurilov has not yet accepted. Like all he knew the approximate route of the vessel. From Vladivostok south along the Korean Peninsula, past the island of Taiwan Philippine Islands to the Equator, and then about the same route back. And only when the Japanese Sea remains behind the feed, he saw a map with the designation of the ship's path. It was noted that the route of the liner was noted, and there were dates and even shipyards. Now the fugitive knew exactly when the liner would pass by one or another island. He understood that he would no longer be in one of the following flights of such luck if he really wants to jump to do it now. He calculated that he could leave the passenger vessel in two points, because to jump from the board and remain unnoticed only at night. The first point near the island of Siargao, the second near the southern tip of the Island of Mindanao. The fugitive knew that the Philippines of the US influence zone and the place of basing the American military bases, and therefore, if he would be charged, it will not be returned back to the Soviet Union, especially in the midst of the Cold War. But he also knew that the Allied Philippines since the 70s zone of military conflict. Local separatists launched a large-scale partisan war against government troops.

On December 12, 1974, the map with the route was already at Stanislav Kurilov in his hands. Riding escape options, understood that the best place For the jump will be near the island of Siargao. But around the silent ocean open to all winds shore. As a oceanologist, he knew that the island was waiting for huge waves, besides, the risk is too great to drown, crashing about the reef. The prospect of being eaten sharks, drown and finally, in the event of a special luck to surrend and get into captivity to the separatists. Only he could call it a favorable setting.

On the night of December 13, 1974 will be near filipino Island Siargao. It he knew thanks to the map found on the liner. The same map allowed him to calculate the length of the island and the average speed of the vessel. Calculations showed that in the reserve the fugitive is only 1 hour. Once again, weighing everything for and against, Kurilov decided to jump. First of all, he jumped as far as possible from the rowing screw. In the water, he pressed a bag with swimming equipment, which included a tube, flippers and a mask. There were no landmarks, except for a leaving vessel, for which he was focused for a while. But soon the lights disappeared. Then he first embraced fear.

He stopped and waited for the appearance of stars for 2 hours. He collected his whole will and looked in the face of fear. As soon as the stars appeared in the sky, Stanislav continued to sail. He studied a starry sky card quite well. The main shock of the fugitive was waiting in the morning. At dawn, peering into the distance, he did not see any island. He also did not know that he would have to spend two days in the ocean and three nights without food, water and without sleep. And only a miracle on this sea journey he was able to survive. By the evening of the first day of swimming, the fugitive already clearly saw the land. Long training on the system of yoga gave itself to know.

Stanislav Kurilov in yoga class - home photo

After a day in the water in the water, Glory had excellent well-being. He was not tormented by hunger, no thirst. He was ready for this, he had an experience of starvation for 36 days. He could do without water for two weeks. But the most difficult during the swim was to do without sleep. Right under it was 10-kilometer Filipino Vpadina, one of the deepest in the world Ocean. This experienced swimmer was not scarecrow. Even more surprisingly, they were not embarrassed by the sharks, which are sissed by these waters. He knew how to behave with them. While in the ocean, he felt so much in his element, which even enjoyed the type of luxury sunset. But came the second day of swimming, and suddenly the fugitive discovers that it is removed from the island, and not approaching it. He is demolished to the south the current, to fight with which no strength. On the outcome of the second day, the churons sailed, obeying only the survival instinct. The land has long disappeared. Around was a solid ocean. The intelligence of the swimmer from time to time disconnected, hallucinations appeared. Later, Kurilov learns that the current that he did not get closer to the island, after a few hours he will take off ashore.

filipino Island Siargao

On December 15, 1974, the Local Fishermen of Siargao Island saw a strange luminous creature on the night coast, moving on the water in the wild dance. The natives froze in horror, it seemed to them that this was a messenger from the world. But the swimmer experienced such happiness that coming to the shore, could not stand and started dancing right here. The glow produced a Porcelain Plankton.

While the swimmer went ashore, the loss finally noticed on. The passenger vessel returned back, and the crew tried to find the accidentally fallen overboard tourist. And only when Kurilov said on Stanislav, the radio station "Voice of America" \u200b\u200bwas made by the KGB. He was condemned under the article "On Treason Motherland" and sentenced to ten years in absentia.

The first week of the escape of Kurilov spent in the Philippine prison. Then it was emigrated to Canada. Instead of a passport, Stanislav Kurilov was issued official paper of the fantastic content that he was proud of. In the West, the fugitive finally performed a long-standing dream. He traveled Polmir, participated like the oceanographer in dozens of expeditions, reached North Pole.. In the word, he lived the very life of which he was dreaming from childhood. But thoughts returned back to his run. Shortly after moving to Canada, he began writing a book about the three-day spent in the ocean. In 1986 he moved to Israel, where he married and worked in the specialty in the Israeli Oceanographic Institute. He died on Kinheret Island during an ordinary dive in the winter of 1998, bringing a partner from fishing nets.

The widow of Stanislav Kurilova, Elena Gendeva-Kurilova, that person, thanks to which the world truly recognized his story. Collecting together the scattered draft records, which he led his whole life, united them into a book with the name "One in the Ocean", published in Moscow in 2004. Now on his grave stone is a sailboat and the words he loved to repeat: " In order to be happy enough to just see a sailboat on the horizon».

Feeling without causing happiness leaves his book. The glory of Kurilov did not just committed that no one did before him, he still managed to give his readers joy, unprecedented and not tested by anyone.

Ships, like people - their fate. They are born, live and dying with the only difference that they are forgotten about some, and others fall into history and become legends.

90 years ago, a steamer was sent to his first flight under his first name "Albert Ballin", subsequently became the ship "Soviet Union". 30 years after birth, the ship received the name of the country of tips, and another 30 was written off. With the last captain of the most famous vessel of the country, Peter Pisulov talked the correspondent "AIF - Primorye".

Trophy of the Third Reich

Pp: - The ship went to us on reparation. NOT B. best of sight. In 1945, the fascists blew it on Varnenende raid, and it was flooded, only 8 meters tower over the surface of the water. In 1949 he was raised, and then there, in Germany, restored - according to the drawings of the Leningrad Central Design Bureau of the Marine Fleet. Few people know, but the project manager received the Stalin Prize for his work. The revived liner became the largest passenger ship in the USSR, therefore, they called it in 1953. Soviet Union. Two years later, I was appointed a second assistant for this steamer, then he still stood in the German port of the scent. In January 1956, we came out of the crowd and headed Sevastopol. At the entrance to the bay, we saw the inverted battleship "Novorossiysk" (former "Julio Cesare", which took our country as well as on reparation). As you know, he sank on October 29, 1955 after the explosion in the nose. Rumors went a lot, they rummed that it was a bottom mine ... We were put to the northern proprietary wall, next to which about 600 people were buried. You can imagine that we then felt. ( It is said that the fate of Novorossiysk indirectly marked the beginning of the legend that the "Soviet Union" allegedly worn the name "Adolf Hitler". "Knowing" people claimed that the German trophy steamer with the cramole name specifically drove on Far EastSo that his fate of Novorossiysk is not postponed - they will not be formed, they say, the Germans mockery on the name of the leader will blow up.Approx. ed. )

"AIF-Primorye": - Why didn't the "Soviet Union" did not immediately go from Germany to Vladivostok, and at first he went to Sevastopol? After all, this is such a hook.

Pp:- For some reason, the Germans could not be balanced by the reverse turbine. In Sevastopol, she was removed and sent to the factory to Kharkov. The crew was waiting until it was repaired. Work took about a year, so even families of sailors arrived in Sevastopol.

VIP-guests

"AIF-Primorye": - I heard that important visitors rose on the side of the Soviet Union ...

Pp: - During running tests, which took place along the Black Sea coast, during the parking lot in front of Livadia, the ship saw Nikita Khrushchev. I wanted to climb the deck.

"AIF-Primorye": - I liked Nikita Sergeevich?

P.P.: - I think yes. One interesting story is connected with the visit. Guests arrived at the torpedo boat. They all rose to the board, looked like a ship, and when Khrushchev said and began to descend along the ladder, one of the team members - the young sailor Anshkin - called the Secretary General and handed him a letter. Nikita Sergeevich mechanically put it in his pocket. As it turned out later, in it, the sailor asked attention to the low salary and the lack of housing in the sailors.

After their departure, the leadership of the vessel began to find out who was intended to be a secret message. Kremlin's commandant arrived, KGB staff ... We thought that Anchina for such a message "will tear off the head", but everything cost.

There was still such a case. Voroshilov during a visit to the steamer assured that he would come home and would definitely talk about the wonders of our ships. And I say to him that the ship was built by the Germans. "And I thought that it was ours," he uttered confused.

The first captain of the Soviet Union was Nikolai Artyukh (Honorary Citizen Vladivostok, old partisan). Then they rumored that it was from him that the sculptor looked the main figure of the monument to the fighters for the power of the Soviets in the Far East. By the way, the first eternal flame in Vladivostok in 1975 he lit.

Through find in Vladivostok

"AIF-Primorye": - When did you go to the seaside shores?

Pp:- At the end of December, we switched to Odessa. The vessel was loaded with vegetable canned food and in January 1957 it went to the Far East. We reinforced Africa and without visiting the ports of March 8, did not come to Vladivostok, but in Nakhodka, since canned food it was necessary to deliver exactly. In Vladivostok arrived on May 29. The "Soviet Union" put Vladivostok - Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on the express coastal line. Because of the Iron Curtain, he could not walk into cruises, so mainly transported people arriving at the Far East along Ornotarour and fishing. Transported, of course, products, and production loads. On this line, the turbine worked to the end.

"AIF-Primorye": "It was about the" Soviet Union "legends. What do you think they appeared?

Pp:- Maybe because it was the biggest and, in my opinion, the most beautiful steamer of the country. Or maybe because his "live" story is similar to the legend - "Sea Wolf" bypassed all the continents, conquered dozens of seas. But not everyone knew his true story, therefore the legend appeared that he used to be called "Adolf Hitler". But this is a myth, and not the only one.

"AIF-Primorye": - How many years have you been captain at the Soviet Union?

Pp: - From 1976 to 1981. Of course, when I went on vacation, I was replaced, most often it was Captain Vedensky.

"AIF-Primorye": - and worked exclusively on the coastal line?

Pp: - Yes. The turbo "Soviet Union" finished its work at the coastal line on November 30, 1980, and on December 2, it was put on a joke to dismantle the equipment and the preparation of the vessel to lease on scrap metal. At that time he was already 57 years old! In January 1982, I was appointed captain of the Vladivostok trading port, and the captain of Gennady Kobtsev had already led to the cut to Hong Kong under the new name "Tobolsk".

"AIF-Primorye": - Now it is customary to maintain ships as surface museums. What do you think it was possible to reanimate the Soviet Union?

Pp:- For that time, he was definitely good (there was, for example, three restaurants, gym), but the time did not spare the Soviet Union. He got a wooden deck, corrosion underwent metal. And the premises would not have passed by fire safety class. There were such labyrinths in which it was easy to get lost. Would find only by smell.

"AIF-Primorye": - And if you were not prescribed by the captain of the port, would you lead Tobolsk to the cut? It was a pity to say goodbye to him?

Pp: - When the "Soviet Union" began to issue on "nails", then I jokingly told one of the parties of the BC: "The Soviet Union" cannot be taken on scrap metal. This is a bad omen. " He blocked in response so that I was "loudly silent," and then put. And after 8 years after writing off the vessel, the Soviet Union itself was not.

The walking river ship "Soviet Union" of the Moskvich series was built in 1954. The vessel is a bunk aluminum construction on the basis of the steel case with the location of the chassis in the central part of the upper deck. Machine compartment is designed in the stern part of the case. The length of the vessel is 26 meters, width - 4.5 meters. Displacement - 88 tons. The power plant is represented by two diesel engines (110 hp) and two generators. String speed 20 nodes.

The first ship of the Moskvich series was launched in 1948 by Moscow shipbuilding Plant. Project ships No. 544 for a very long time remained the most common type. pleasure fleet - As long as in the seventies old river trams, the new comfortable ship "Moscow" has not come to replace.

This "Moskvich" came to a complete alteration in a practically priority form: Oak windows like in the train car, panted dermantine sofas, brass handrails and luggage shelves, signs with calls to comrades passengers do not silence and not smoke. It was very sorry to carry such idyll - in memory of the glorious past of a small ship decided to arrange internal interiors in the noble style of the fifties. It is such a solution to the interiors did not contradict the rigorous silhouette and the rounded circulation of the vessel corps.

On the lower deck there is a banquet room and a nasal soft salon. The floor of the banquet hall is covered with oak parquet, the walls are separated by a veneer made of mahogany. The ceiling is closed with brown shade panels. Large lamps are mounted on the ceiling. The hall has massive wooden tables and soft chairs with high backs. In the cabin provided 18 -24 seating For a banquet. Glazing of the room panoramic in two rows. A transparent cofquins of the coffee tint on the windows are awesome. All doors in the panel places are made of oak.

On the second tier of the superstructure there are two open holidays for relaxing outdoors. The floor of the nose area is made of oak boards. Metal tables and chairs are installed here. The second platform is located behind the Captain Cutting. On both sides of the logging, the passage is equipped for which you can go from one site to another.