In an effort to leave on the map as few white spots at the time of the great geographic discoveries, Navigators sometimes applied imaginary islands on her. For a new land, Iceberg or Mirage erroneously could be accepted. One of these Ghost Islands - Sandy - scientists exposed only two years ago. Saying to the intended location of the island, the researchers found that the land block marked on most of the planet cards does not actually exist. After examining the geography of vintage cards in detail, we counted with a dozen Phantom Islands, which were considered real for a long time.
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Tula.
Where was: in the north of Europe
The island was described by the Greek traveler with Pyfey in his writings "On the Ocean". In the 6th century he went out of Gades to the shores of Britain, from there reached Scotland, after which he reached Tula. Many scientists believe that for Tula he could take the Orkney Islands, Greenland, Shetland Islands, Scandinavia, or Farrero Islands, but none of these hypotheses have been proven. Tula could be found on geographic maps Up to 17th century.
Island Sv. Brendan
Where was: west Canary Archipelago
According to the legend, Saint Brendan together, the monks landed on the island in 512. On the island with a rich nature and mild climate, they lived within 7 years. It is believed that the island of Sv. Brendan is not an eighth island of the Canary Archipelago in reality. The island mentioned in many medieval works. The hypothetical land was marked on the maps of Mercator, Ortelus and Delilis.
Island Friesland
Where was: south Icelandon the same longitude
In 1558, Nikolo Xeno published a map and letters of his navigator ancestors, which he accidentally found at home. According to the records, in the 1390s, the Sien brothers crossed the North Atlantic. During the expedition, they opened Friesland Island. The land plot appeared on the maps of the North Atlantic from the 1560s to the 1660s. According to one of the hypotheses, they misunderstood the position of one of Faroe Islands And one of them was called Friesland, on the other - all this was a hoax made by the young Xeno to ensure Venice of priority in the opening of a new light to Christopher Columbus.
Island Buss
Where was: between Ireland and the Island of Frisland
The island was opened by the English navigator Martin Froobisher during his third expedition to the shores of North America. He received its name by the type of the vessel on which the sailors arrived. It's believed that new Earth In fact, Greenland and imaginary discovery were made in poor visibility conditions. According to another version, the island existed, but sank. The island or his alleged location was found on the 19th century cards.
Antiha Island
Where was: west of the Pyrenean Peninsula.
Big rectangular island in Atlantic Ocean Depicted on the maps of the 15th century. For the first time, the mysterious land appeared on Portulana Venetian Cartograph Giovanni Pizzigano. A total of 23 cartographic images of the antilia, the last of them dates back to 1508. After the opening of America and the creation of the Globe "Earth Apple" is the island on cards. In the 16th century, the island began to identify with the Azor Island of San Miguel.
The island of demons
Where was: next to Newfoundland
In the existence of the island believed from the beginning of the 16th century. The ghost land allegedly consisted of two islands and inhabited their wild animals and demons. According to the legend, the inhabitants of the island attacked the ships passing close to him, so they were afraid to approach him, and even more so to step ashore. By the middle of the 17th century, the island of demons stopped depicting on the maps.
Island Brazil
Where was: west of Ireland / district Azores
The island is found on maps made from 14 to 17th century. It was believed that the island is surrounded by fog and haze, which are broken only once every 7 years. Because of this feature, the exact location of the island is unknown, so cartographers have shifted the island to the Azores, then to the West of Ireland. In the 18th century, the island disappeared from cards, despite the fact that some sailors continued to argue that they were on mysterious land.
Islands Pontchartrayin
Where was: Lake top
Two islands were opened in the middle of the largest area in the world. fresh lake. On the maps they appeared in 1783, when the United States and the United Kingdom had to sign the Paris Mirny Treaty. Among other things, the borders were spelled out - both lands passed into the possession of America. In the early 1800s it was established that in fact the island do not exist.
Emerald Island
Where was: in the southern part Pacific Ocean
Sailors, furrowing maritime expanses in December 1821 between Australia and Antarctica south of Makuori Island, discovered. They called it the same as the ship was called - Emerald. In 1840, the US Navy organized a research expedition to the island, but they did not find it. Although no one stepped on the island, the mysterious land of sushi was applied to many cards, including the Soviet Atlas of Antarctic and the 1987 Card in the diary released American Express.
Land of Crocker
Where was: in the Arctic Ocean
The island was opened by the American researcher Robert Pear, during an expedition to Elsmir Island in 1906. Looking at binocolt neighborhood, Robert saw snow vertices unknown Island. In 1913, an expedition went to explore the new land, which included Peei. However, they did not find the islands. It is believed that for the island of Pyiri accepted one of the varieties of Mirage - Fata Morganu. Despite the failure, the island continued to look for in 1914 and 1915. The theory of the existence of the land of the Crocker was finally refuted by the Arctic Expedition of McGregor in 1937-38.
Satellite map of the island
Switching between satellite map of the city island and schematic produced in the lower left corner of the interactive map.
City Island - Wikipedia
Population of the city island: 20,568 people
The founding date of the city of Oostrov: 1341.
Phone code of the city island:+7 81152
Automotive city code island: 60
Postal Code City Island:181350
Island (founded in 1341) - city, center of the Ostrovsky district of the Pskov region Russian Federation (Northwest District). Islandlocated in the west of the Eastern European Plain in the Pskov-Moish Wipadine, in the western part of the Pskov region, on the Great River (bass. Pskov Lake), 55 km south from the regional center - Pskov and 80 km from the border with Latvia.
Transport connection: Node road roads - R-23 Highway Nevel-Pskov, St. Petersburg, A-119 Powder Island, Rezekne Island Highway (Latvia), there is a bus station; Railway- Zh.D. Station on the Pskov-Pskov line. 5 km in southeast Military airfield in the village. Reliece.
The settlement is formed at the site of the fortress, which in the XIV-XVI centuries. It was one of the border outposts on the Pskov Earth, repeatedly ruined by the Livonian and Polish troops. In 1582, the city was returned to Russia according to the Rum-Zapolsky world. At the beginning of the XVIII century, upon completion of the Northern War, Island Loses its defense significance and in 1719 it becomes the county city of Pskov province, crafts and trade are developing.
Currently in Island 20.5 thousand people live. (2010) is a beautiful and cozy town with many historical and architectural monuments. Economic potential: enterprises of the agricultural complex, electrical, electronic and food industry, abrasive plant, sewing factory.
Sights of the island: Local Lore Museum (1965), the remains of the fortress (XV century), the chain bridge on the r. Great (1853), Nikolskaya Church (1542), Troitsky Cathedral (1790), Church of Nicholas Wonderworker (1542), Cathedral of the Trinity of the Library (1787) and many others.
Sandy Island Island is in all satin. It is also sometimes called Ile de Sable or "ED" (Existence Doubtful, translated "existence doubtful"). It is on the old whaling cards from the XIX century, the 1982 defense cartography agencies, the British Admiralty, National Geographic and in many databases of universities and research institutions around the world. It is even clearly visible on Google Earth - this is a long narrow island with a length of about 24 kilometers from north to south.
That's just it does not exist.
A group of scientists from the University of Western Australia studied the movement of tectonic plates and the topography of the bottom of the ocean. They went to where Sandy Island was supposed to be ... Only it was not there. What hell, cartographers?
For the first time, Sandy Island appeared in the atlas of the whaling expedition in 1876. He was marked by the Velocity vessel crew and placed on the official maps of the 1908 British Admiralty. According to some sources, the crews of other courts said that there was no island there, but he still remained in the archives. The French removed him from the cards in 1974. However, the United States continued to celebrate it in its defense schemes at least until 1982. Researchers believe that those cards where is still there is still based on incorrect data and outdated reports.
Today there is no doubt that this island does not exist. A lot of people visited and sailed through the exact coordinates of the place where he had to be. There are several sources, allegedly revealing the island's mystery, but not all of them coincide.
According to some, the island was just a piece of pumice. Pumice is formed in those areas of the ocean, where many volcanic activity. When the lava cools quickly, the gas, entering inside, makes an incredibly floating "rafts" from it. Oblast eastern coast Australia, where the island is alleged - a volcanic "hot spot", so it is quite possible that actually the Velocity crew saw a gigantic floating rock. Nowadays, there is proof of such a phenomenon - in 2012 a floating piece of pumice was discovered in the size of 22,000 sq. Km.
Others say that new cards with an island are simply based on data from earlier schemes, incomplete and incorrect. Although it is even in the atlases created by the satellite technology Google Earth, and this is more than strange. Of course, now the resource has deleted photos taken from a close distance at which his location was noted. Although underwater objects can greatly distort even today's satellite images, it seems a frightening coincidence.
Another theory argues that the initial maps and notes with Velocity were incorrectly interpreted. Sailors marked this place not as real Island, but as dangerous place with high waves and melting.
Some researchers suggest that the island was placed on old cards as a kind of "trap" to protect copyright to bring those who tried to make plagiarism. Although others argue that games with such things carry a potential danger to sailors, so this car can be unlikely.
The opinions of researchers and scientists, allegedly "solved" the secret, seem to do not coincide with each other. And for some reason it seems to us that it should be.
There are such islands that "discovered" and added to cards before it turned out that they do not exist. Nevertheless, the discovers of such islands often claim to have seen them, and some even say that they planted on them. But the expeditions, which were sent to the alleged islands, often discovered the sereneloid state of the ocean and nothing more, although there were those who claimed that they also saw the island.
We allocated ten such islands. This list did not entered the islands that were added to the cards specifically in misleading. About each of these islands was reported as actually seen, although some of them were fictional. However, they all appeared on the maps.
10. Sandy Island Island
The fact that Sandy Islands did not exist, found out only in 2012. Prior to that, he appeared on several maps, including Google Earth, where it was located between Australia and under the control of France by New Caledonia in the Pacific Ocean. For the first time, the existence of the island recorded the British whaling ship Velocity in 1876, and in 1908 he appeared on the British map.
Several expeditions were not able to detect the island, and in the 1970s it was removed from some cards. However, he remained on other maps. Oddly enough, there are no Islands in French maps, which means that the French or knew that he did not exist, or did not know about his allegant existence. If the island really existed, he would belong to France because he was in French waters.
The fact that the islands do not exist, scientists from the University of Sydney (University of Sydney), who decided to visually be convinced of its existence after their graphs showed that the alleged location of the island should be at a depth of 1400 meters. It is believed that the Velocity crew saw the Pampus raft, which they accepted behind the island.
Pampus rafts - floating rocks formed as a result of volcanic activity. It is known that they float in those places where Sandy Island had to be located.
9. Saint Brendan's Island Island
Photo: Guillaume Delisle
If the ancient maps were correct, the island of St. Brendan was to be located in the North Atlantic west of the Canary Islands and south of the Azores. The island is named after St. Brandan (Saint Brendan), an Irish monk who claimed that he discovered him in 512. Holy Brendan did not just found the island. He and 14 monks landed him and even lived there for two weeks.
Monk named Barino (Barino) even described the island, stating that it was covered by mountains, forests, where birds lived and grow flowers. Other expeditions were looking for an island, but to no avail, and by the 13th century it became obvious that he did not exist. Marcus Martinez (Marcus Martinez), Spanish historian, even described it as a "lost island, Outdoor to the Holy Brandan, but since then no longer detected by anyone."
However, another sailor claimed that he found an island in the 1400s, but could not fall on him because of bad weather. It resumed interest in the island, and the King of Portugal sent several ships to the island, which never returned. The Island of St. Brendan continued to appear on the maps, and the ships continued to look for him up to the 18th century, when everything finally came to the conclusion that he did not exist.
According to the Journal of The Bizarre website, the Island of St. Brendan existed in fact. However, he plunged into the water and is now under the thickness of the ocean. This may be the grain of truth, since the underwater mountain called Great Meteor Seamount is under water just where the island had to be.
8. High - Brazil (Hy-Brasil)
Photo: OcultoreveladoaverDade
Hai - Brazil - a non-existent island, who, by rumors, was about 320 kilometers from western coast Ireland. On some maps it was even depicted as two islands, although they were called the same. The island first appeared on the maps in 1325 and was celebrated on them until the 1800s, when he was declared a hoax. Some myths are also associated with it.
Europeans believed that a developed civilization lived on it, while the Irish said that the island was tightened with a thick fog and can be seen only once every seven. The name, shape and location of the island on the maps often changed, although he remained in the same place. In the period between 1480 and 1481, England sent three expeditions to the island, but no one has found it. However, in 1497, the Spanish diplomat said that one of the English expeditions found High Brazil.
In 1674, the Sea Captain from Scotland named John Nisbet (John Nisbet) claimed that he noted the island when he sailed from France to Ireland. He argued that four people from his team landed on the island and remained there all day. The truthfulness of Nisbet statements remains in question, since he further said that the old man lives on the island, who gave them gold and silver, and a magician living in the castle.
The next expedition made Captain Alexander Johnson (Alexander Johnson), he also claimed that he was planted on the island, although he did not mention whether he gave gold an old man. In 1872, Robert O "Flaherty (Robert O'Flaherty) and Ti. J. Vestropp (TJ Westropp) also claimed that High Brazil was seen with their own eyes. Vestropp even said that he visited him three times, including once he He took his family with him. He argued that they saw how the island appears and disappears.
7. Friesland (Frisland)
Photo: Nicolo Zeno
In 1558, Nikolo Zeno (Nicolo Zeno) stated from Venice that his two ancestors, Antonio (Antonio) and Nikolo (Nicolo), opened the island called Friesland in the 1380s. Zeno argued that the island was south of Iceland, Norway was east of him, and Estocyland (Estotiland) in the West. By itself, Estocylands was either Newfoundland, or Labrador in North America. If it was so, it means that the ancestors of Xeno got to America before Columbus.
It is believed that Zeno invented Friesland Island, because he wanted to be famous. And the Venetians fell on the hook of his lies, because they wanted their fleet to remain significant because he was eclipsed by the sea forces of Spain, France and England.
Frisland managed to appear on several maps, before in the 19th century he was declared a hoax, but not earlier than a few sailors claimed to have seen it. In 1576, the Englishman Martin Frobisher (Martin Frobisher) took Greenland for Friesland, and John Di (John Dee) even called England to them. Then, in 1989, Georgio Padoan (Giorgio Padoan), philologist (studying historical works), argued that Xeno spoke the truth, and that the Italians reached the new world before Columbus.
6. BUSS ISLAND (BUSS ISLAND)
Photo: John Seller
The Buss Island is a non-existent island, which was allegedly located between Ireland and a non-existent freisland. He was discovered by Martin Frobisher (Martin Frobisher), which, as we mentioned, took Greenland for Friesland. In 1578, he probably accepted another island for not yet open, and called his Island Buss.
Captain Thomas Shepard (Thomas Shepard) argued that in 1671 she landed on the island of Busus and struck him on the map, which made England send the expedition there. The expedition could not find the island. In order to find a legendary Buss Island, a lot of expeditions were cut, but not one of them could find it, at the same time ships who did not seek the island, they always claimed that they found it.
In 1776 it was reported that the estimated location of the Island of Busus Shallow, which made some believe that he sank. He was even renamed to the sunken land of buss). However, the expedition of John Ross (John Ross) in 1818 showed that where the island should be presumably, deeply. The Buss Island continued to appear on the maps, until in the 19th century he was removed from them.
5. Crocker Land (Crocker Land)
Photo: SCOUT.
Like Friesland, the crocker land is another island, invented from beginning to end. This time, the author of my swelling became Robert Peary (Robert Peary), who tried to collect funds for the expedition to the Arctic. In 1907, Pyiri argued that during his earlier expedition, held in 1906, opened new Island Next to Greenland, who was located in Northern Canada 209 kilometers northwest of Cape Thomas Hubbard.
He called the island of the Crocker's land in honor of George Crocker (George Crocker) of one of the sponsors of his 1906 expedition, which highlighted the amount of $ 50,000. Pyuri wanted to get another $ 50,000 from the crocker, that's why it took a fake island. Peei even wrote a book called "closest to the Pole" in which he told about his invented island. Everyone believed him, and several researchers even began to look for the island.
The crocker land remained elusive, which made some call it the "lost Atlantis of the North". However, the island appeared on the Arctic maps created between 1910 and 1913. This new land, which in some circles even called the continent, caused a wide interest, especially in the United States, while the island was not exposed as a fantasy of Piri.
4. Dowerty Island Island (DOUGHERTY ISLAND)
Photo: Wikimedia.
Some call him island of Ducheti, but it does not matter because it does not exist. Dowerty Island was named after Captain Daniel Dougerty, which "opened" him far in the south in the Pacific Ocean during his sailing from New Zealand to Canada in 1841. Several other sailors also confirmed the existence of the island, but someone Captain Scott could not find it when he passed past the alleged location of the island in 1904.
On August 11, 1931, the Sydney Morning Herald of Australia newspaper reported that the Joint Expedition of Britain, Australia and New Zealand, heading to Antarctica, passed by the alleged location of the Dowerty Island and could not find it.
The details of the happening were marked by the commander of the ship by Captain McCenzie (Captain Mackenzie), who said that the vessel passed directly above the place where, as stated, was the island. The weather was clear, but no island was observed within a radius of 19 kilometers, so he could not be somewhere else. Dowerty Island was removed from british cards In 1937.
3. Emerald Island Island (Emerald Island)
Photo: August Heinrich Petermann, Hermann Habenicht
In 1821, south of Macquarie island (Macquarie Island) and not far from Antarctica Captain Nockells (Nockells) noted the island. He called him in honor of his ship Emerrad (Emerald). It seems that Emeralda island chose to be shown, and who does not have, since he allegedly appeared and disappeared at will. Some expeditions claimed to have seen, while others reported that they could not find it. Some even argued that the island is changing the location, so it cannot be seen in the intended place. Others said that the island really existed, but went under water as a result of seismic activity.
Those who claim to have seen an island cannot decide on how he looks like. Some say that its surface is mountainous, with steep cliffs, while others say that it is hilly and covered with green forests. In 1890, one captain noted that the island was small and rocky, and there was no suitable placeto fall out.
In 1840, two American ship under the command of Commodore Wilx (Commodore Wilks) passed over the estimated location of the island of Emerald and did not find anything. Captain Soul (Captain Soule) also passed over the estimated location of the island in 1877, and also did not find anything. Shekleton (Shackleton) and Amundsen (AMUNDSEN) in 1909 and 1910 floated past the place where the island had to be, and also did not find anything.
However, in 1894 and 1949, two interesting incidents occurred next to the stated location of the island. In 1894, the Norwegian expedition sent to the South Pole, noticed something that, in their opinion, was an island. Nevertheless, it turned out to be iceberg. The HMNZS Pukaki patrol of the Royal Navy New Zealand also noted the island in April 1949. Approaching the crew found that the alleged island was actually a group of clouds, which seemed to lay on the water.
2. Isle of demons
Photo: Taringa.net.
In 1542, Jean-Francois de Roberval (Jean-Francois de Roberval), Lieutenant-General of New France (now Canada), left the shore of France to go to New France on three ships. With him was his cousin, Margarita de la Rock (Marguerite de La Rocque), which he along with her lover and the maid landed on the island of demons, which, presumably, was the island of Quirpon (Quirpon Island) in modern Newfoundland. The legend says that the island of demons was full of demons and animals who attacked anyone who dared to stand on him.
Why Roberval landed his cousin, remains unknown. Some say that he hated her for relations with her lover, while others say he wanted to take possession of her property. In one record, it is also said that Roberval actually landed the lover of rock, and she decided to join him, although it was Rock on the arc version, and the lover decided to stay with her. Nowhere does not say that the maid joined them at wishes.
The maid and lover Rock died on the island, but the rock herself survived and even gave birth to a child. Later, the child died, and she remained alone on the island, while in 1544 she did not save her fishermen. How true this story remains in question, since the island of demons was removed from the cards in the middle of the 17th century, since they came to the conclusion that he was not.
1. Saxemberg Island Island
Saxemberg Island was opened by John Lindesz Lindeman in 1670. According to Lindeman, the island, which is allegedly located in South AtlanticIs flat, and in its center there is a mountain. Somewhat followed by the opening of expeditions claimed to have seen the island, although the Australian navigator Matthew Flinders (Mathew Flinders) carefully searched for him in 1801 and did not find anything.
In 1804, Captain Galloway (Galloway) argued that he noted the island and even saw the mountain in the center. In 1816, Captain Hed (Head) confirmed these words. Other sailors also noted that they saw the island, and some even argued that they were planted on him.
Someone Major General Alexander Beatson (Alexander Beatson) in 1816 even made a detailed report on the Floor Island. He developed his theory, claiming that Saxembourg Island, along with Ascension Islands, Tristan da Cunha (Tristan da Cunha) and Hof (Gough) (which all exist in reality) were formed from one continent. Saxemberg Island himself continued to appear on the maps until he was recognized as non-existent in the 19th century.
And you know how many times the biggest island of Russia is less than big Islands Peace? Read the post and find out.
№10. Elsmir (Canada) - 196 236 km2
Elsmir - most north Island Canada - is among the ten largest islands in the area in the world. Due to the harsh climate, the population of the island is about 150 people.
On the territory of Elsmir, the remains of prehistoric animals were repeatedly found. The first settlers were nomads from Siberia. In 1250, the people of Tula, the ancestors of Eskimos settled on the territory. But by the middle of the 18th century, the island became desertless.
The island was opened in 1616 by the English navigator William Buffin.
№9. Victoria (Canada) - 217 291 km2
At the ninth place in Square - Victoria Island (Canada). The island was opened in 1838 during the Expedition of the British researcher Thomas Simpson.
In the 50s of the 20th century on the island there were several settlements in which meteorologists lived. By the end of the 20th century, the population of the population will increase by the settlers of the Eskimos, who engaged here commercial activities.
№8. Honshu (Japan) - 227 970 km2
Honsel is the largest island Japanese archipelago and ranks 8 line rating the largest islands in the world. On the island of Honshu are the largest Japanese cities: Tokyo, Iokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Kyoto, Hiroshima, etc.
The island is covered by many volcanoes, some of them valid. The population of the island is more than 103 million people.
№7. United Kingdom (United Kingdom) - 229 848 km2
Great Britain takes 7 place in the list of the largest islands in the world and is the most big island Among the British islands and in Europe as a whole.
The beginning of the History of Great Britain is the period of Roman conquest in 43 BC, but the island had an earlier story.
The United Kingdom was populated by the people noto several hundred thousand years ago. Modern man arrived at British Isles before the start of the last glacial period, but retreated Southern Europe Because of glaciers covering the territory of the island. According to archaeological finds, after 12,000 BC. e. The British Islands were again populated. About 4,000 years BC. e. The island was populated by people of neolithic culture.
To date, the population is the population of the UK islar more than 61 million, which makes it the most densely populated area of \u200b\u200bEurope.
№6. Sumatra (Indonesia) - 443,066 km2
Sumatra - the sixth is the island in the world. It is located immediately in two hemispheres, since almost the middle of the island passes the equator. Island belongs to Indonesia and enters Malay Archipelago. It is in the zone of frequent earthquakes and tsunami.
To date, the population of the island of Sumatra is more than 50 million people. Main cities Sumatra: Medan, Palembang, Padang. People live on Sumatra, about 90% confesses Islam.
Approximately 73 thousand years ago on the island of Sumatra, there was an explosion of the Toba volcano. This event led to 1800 years of the glacial period and a reduction in the number of human population up to 2,000 people.
The name of the island comes from the Sanskrit word Samudra - "Ocean", or "Sea".
№5. Baphinova Earth (Canada) - 507 451 km2
Buffinova Earth is the first in the area among Canada Islands and the fifth in the world. Due to the harsh climatic conditions of the island, the population is about 11 thousand people. Bigger locality Islands - Ikaluit.
The first description of the island made William Buffin in 1616, in honor of him and called the island.
№4. Madagascar (Madagascar) - 587 713 km2
The fourth line of the rating is the island of Madagascar. Located in Indian Ocean W. eastern Shore Africa. The island is the state of Madagascar (the capital of Antananarivo). To date, the population of Madagascar island is more than 24 million people.
Locals call Madagascar Red Island due to soil color. More than half of animals living in Madagascar will not meet on the mainland, and 90% of plants are endemics.
Number 3. Kalimantan (Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei) - 748 168 km2
Kalimantan or Borneo Third largest island in the world. It is divided between 3 states: Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunhem. The island is located in the center of the Malay Archipelago.
Kalimantan in the local language means a diamond river. He is named so thanks to its rich resources, in particular a large number of diamonds.
The first people settled Calimant about 40 thousand years ago. To date, the population of about 20 million people. More than 300 ethnic groups live on the island.
№2. New Guinea (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) - 785 753 km2
New Guinea still has places where there was no man. This place attracts researchers of flora and fauna, as they can meet here the rarest species of animals and plants. More than 11 thousand species of plants live here, 600 unique species Birds, over 400 species of amphibians, 455 species of butterflies and about a hundred famous mammalian species.
New Guinea Bala is populated by a person at least 45 thousand years before. e. from Asia. From the first settlers and there were more than a thousand Papuans and Melanesian tribes. The absence of large animals suitable for domestication on the island prevented the development of agriculture and made it impossible cattle breeding. This contributed to the preservation of primitive-communal system large territories New Guinea up to today's days. Mountain landscape contributed to the isolation of people from each other, as a result of which a huge variety of languages \u200b\u200bappeared on the island.
The Portugal Dong George di Menezish, who landed on the island in 1526 became the discoverer of New Guinea. According to legend, he gave the island of the name "Papua", which is translated as curly, is connected with Curly hair of local aborigines.
To date, the population of New Guinea island is more than 9.5 million people.
On the territory of New Guinea there is an ancient agricultural settlement of Cook, showing the isolated development of agriculture for 7-10 millennia and a part World Heritage UNESCO.
№1. Greenland (Denmark) - 2 130 800 km2
The biggest island in the world is Greenland. Green country, as it is also called this island, belongs to Denmark. Due to the glacial coating (84% of the surface) and adverse climatic conditions, most of the island is not populated. To date, the population of Greenland is more than 57 thousand people. The largest settlement of the island is Nuuk (Gothob).
Several thousand years before the arrival of Europeans, Greenland Eskimos lived on the island, who call themselves inuita. Inuit adapted to the extreme conditions of the Arctic climate and feel quite comfortable. They proof of the centuries are engaged in fishing fish and hunting.
From Europeans first on the island joined Norman Gunbyorn in 875. In 982, Eric Rauda with several comrades, sent from Iceland for their crimes committed on the island. Later, Norwegian Vikings joined them. In 983, the first Norman Colony was founded in Greenland.
After the settlement of Greenland Europeans, the island was repeatedly transmitted from hand to hand. Until 1536, the island belonged to Norway, then began to belong to Denmark, in accordance with the unia between Denmark and Norway. In 1721, a Danish colony called Gothoba was officially established on the island. In 1814, after termination of UNIs between Norway and Denmark, Greenland became completely possession of Denmark.
The main activity of the population of Greenland is fisheries. But at the end of the 20th century, the breeding of reindeer and sheep and oil mining appeared. Tourism and air transport plays a major role. Greenland is visited annually more than 20 thousand tourists.
The biggest island of Russia (Sakhalin) is less than the largest island of the world (Greenland), 27 times.
The largest islands of Russia:
Sakhalin - 76600 km2
North - 48904 km2
South - 33275 km2
Boiler - 23200 km2
October Revolution - 13708 km2
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