Madagascar Island on Africa map
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The state of Madagascar is located at the Southeast Bank of Africa on the island of the same name with a total area of \u200b\u200b587 thousand square meters (in the ranking in size it takes the fourth line, confidently sweating Sumatra and the UK). Also, the country owns an axer of tiny green islets-oasis in the neighborhood.

Geographical position

From the continent of Madagascar is separated by the Mozambic Strait (whose width is about five hundred kilometers), and from three other sides is surrounded by the Indian Ocean. Almost all the coast is not too wide lowland stripe, richly rich with small lagunies and bays.

Nearest neighbors are the same island states (But much smaller sizes): Mauritius and Comoros.

central part - Highlands, limited from the south of Ivakuani ridges, and in the north with an array of Krathanna (it was here that the volcano Marumuukutra, the highest local vertex). This territory is excised by sixteen river rivers - the current east are distinguished by special fullness and abundance of thresholds. In the southwest there is a desert area.

Madagascar Island is divided into several climatic zones. Tropical monsoons reign in the east, so it rains here are practically round year, excluding only the beginning of autumn. The thermometer shows from +30 to +15 ° C (the cooling comes in August-September).

Weather western coast Depends on the season: From November to April, shower happens, the rest of the time is sunny and moderately warm. In the north - heat and permanent wind, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe central plateau are much cooler, there are freezing in the mountains. In the south, the eternal drought reigns: raree precipitation, daytime temperatures fluctuate from +24 to +30 ° C.

Flora and fauna

Of all African countries, few are able to surprise such an abundance of unique fauna. Madagascar - single placewhere fosses are preserved. Here you can find dwarf hypoposms, lemurs and vivere, ancient bristly heroes, rare bats, chameleons, gecko. In coastal lagoons, manta and moray are found.

The world of flora is no less diverse: real mangroves and savannais with huge baobabs, tropical forests and shrubs are present on the island - only three and a half hundred species of plants.

State device

Map of Madagascar Island

Madagascar is a unitary republic that unites six autonomous provinces. The executive power is in the hands of the Nationally elected president and the Prime Minister, whom the head of state appoints. The legislative power is represented by the Parliament consisting of the Senate and the Police. There is a multi-party system in the country. The capital is Antananarivo.

Population

The population of the country over the past ten years has increased by a third and today is almost 24 million people - in the birth rate of the birth rate, this East African Republic occupies a twentieth in the world.

Ethnic composition is predominantly Malagasy (descendants of Austronesian and African immigrants), talking on their own adverbs. For business communication is used French. In religious terms, Madagascar island is unique - half local residents Officially declares its commitment to the ancient faith associated with the worship of the souls of the ancestors.

Economy

The country does not relate to prosperous, but its economy in recent years has become actively increasing the revolutions (largely due to abundant foreign investment). Recently, on the island has been found their own oil reserves.

Traditionally, the main part of income provides agriculture (trade in coffee and cocoa, sugar cane, spices). Exports also depart the minerals - nickel and coal. High prospects for the development of tourist business.

Scientists argue about who first settled this territory: a bunch tribe, thrown up the Mozambique Strait, or ancient Austronesians. But it is known that in the future the aborigines successfully resisted the attempts of colonization. In the XVII century, when the rest of East Africa was practically divided between European powers, madagascar Island Started only pirates.

Only at the end of the XIX century as a result of the French intervention, a strategically attractive corner of the coast received a permanent "host". During the Second World War, the island broke out a fierce struggle between the British, Japanese and the Germans. Back to France, Madagascar departed in 1943, but the active political demarchai and the uprising of the local population forced Metropolitan in fifteen years to recognize the independence of the country.

sights

Madagascar gives a lot of amazing impressions to fans of ecotourism - here it turns out to look into the hollow volcano jerle, swim in the jets of the waterfall, arrange an extreme rafting, watch whales and sharks. Join local beauties It is possible in the Park de Ranyan Afage or in the Zinggi de Bemaraha Reserve, acquire unique jewelry - in anthrasurate, and to do the best snorkeling - on nosy-tank.

Education

What strait separates Madagascar Island from Africa? Madagascar: climate, population

February 7, 2015.

What strait separates Madagascar Island from Africa? Mozambique, of course! This strait is considered the longest in the world, its flow is very warm, which contributes to the formation of hot air masses above the island and regions of Africa, which are adjacent to it. Climatic conditions Madagascar fluctuates from wet equatorial to dry tropical. Natural zoneswhich are found here - these are deserts, and savanna, and evergreen impassable jungle. Now we will consider in detail what strait is separating Madagascar Island from Africa than it is noteworthy and how affects the lands that fit to it.

General data on the strait

These waters are located in the western part of the Indian Ocean and wash the shores of East Africa and Madagascar Island. At the top of the Strait there are comoros, consisting of land of volcanic origin. Many of them are "completed" by corals, the smallest are not uninhabited. The length of this strait is as much as 1760 kilometers, and the width varies within 1250 - 422 kilometers. SAMI deep point Mozambique is located at a distance of 4250 meters from the water surface, but for the most part of the depth of it reaches 2000 meters. The salinity of water is about 36%.

History of Education

Sarcastically speaking, about what a strait separates Madagascar Island from Africa, they knew even dinosaurs who lived not planet during the period of the Jurassic period. Approximately 165 million years ago from the supercontinent of Gondwan, which existed on one of theories in the place where Africa is now being located, the land plot, who departed to the ocean and became the island of Madagascar. Thus, it is in its place for more than 100 million years. And, most importantly - not moving. Wpadina, separating this plot of land, began to form at the junction of two periods - Jurassic and Cretaceous, and gradually filled with salty water. At the same time, the rest of the continents were separated from the Gondwana, Africa became independent, the features of Industan, "left" far to East Australia. All this happened about 70 million years ago. But at the same time, the Mozambic Strait existed already 60 million years.

Video on the topic

Weather conditions and climate

To understand which strait is separated by Madagascar from Africa - cold or warm, we will look at it climatic features. Most of Winds - Passatov, comes here from the African continent. Strait lies in the subequatorial and tropical strip, because it is rushed both dry and wet winds. From the side of the East, it blows up the South Indian anticyclone, which brings the cooler air. The rains here begin in November and end in March, and the amount of precipitation falls is approximately 2000 mm per year. The air temperature does not change with the seasons and is approximately 25-28 degrees. Up to the same indicators, the surface waters of Mozambique are heated.

Surchase shores - Madagascar Island, Africa. Descriptions of nature regions

Mozambique washes two large shores: this is the same name with him, which is located in Africa, and the island of Madagascar, where the autonomous state is located. Both geographic object Lying in a wet subequatorial zone and in the tropics, therefore nature is diverse here. Madagascar's shores are covered by evergreen tropical jungle, the climate is very wet and hot there. The maximum precipitation is formed over this area - up to 3000 mm, which fall out mainly in winter. In the depths of the island of forests, go to the savanna and desert. Here, as well as on the continent, these are typical African animals: giraffes, zebras, elephants. The situation in Mozambique is about the same. Sacrificing tropical thickets go to desert areas that are blown up by trade winds and are characterized by tropical storms.

Relief and shore Madagascar

The island separated from Africa by Mazambik Strait has a variety of relief. In the northern part coastline Rated with cliffs. The shore here is rocky, swallowed, very often there are swamps. The North-West of Madagascar is characterized by the quiet bays, where Mels are drawn to dozens of miles. Water here heats up to a maximum at any time of the year. South part Islands most suitable for beach holidays - The plain steppes and a gentle entrance to the sea are traced here. On the island there are mountains - Ancratra. The heights they reach are equal to 2500 m or more. Among the mountains are found extinct volcanoeswhich, however, are still the cause of earthquakes.

Residents of the restarting territories of the Mozambique Strait

As with the main mainland - Africa - Madagascar is populated predominantly a disheveled race, mulats, methis and in rare cases by Hindus. But it is worth it to allocate that in the state Mozambique people settled much earlier than on the island. They are characterized by a big commitment to African traditions and religions. Also among them are much more indigenous negros than among the inhabitants of Madagascar. On the same island, the mentality is represented by various cultures, ranging from typically African, ending with South Asian.

Summarizing

We briefly reviewed which strait separates Madagascar Island from Africa. I learned what climate it is characteristic when it was formed and what is his features. We also examined Madagascar Island: where is, climate, population, relief and much more. It was possible to determine that the state of Mozambique and Madagascar are similar, but at the same time distinction, especially for local residents, play a very significant role.

Straits call narrow water spaces connecting water sections or separating land. However, these are not necessarily small objects, and the Mozambique Strait - to that bright confirmation.

This strait is the largest on the planet, since its length is more than 1,700 kilometers, the width is varied from 400 to 1200 kilometers. Because of these extended parameters, the sailors master its "Wallow of the World Ocean".

Shipping here is very active, and not only in African standards, but also in the world. Also, the local water is sissed by fish, because the flow of warm, and the number of plankton is huge.

Thinking where the Mozambique Strait on the map is located, the south-east coast of Africa should be submitted, near which there is large Island Madagascar with the capital * Antananarivo * So this is the water area that shares these earthly sites, and is the desired strait.

The northern and southern waters are very deep, the depth of about 3 kilometers, in the middle of the strait, this indicator is less - a little more than 2 kilometers. Characteristic is the flow in the direction from the north to the south, the speed of which is almost always the same and is somewhere a half of the node. Rays can reach five meters.

Coastal landscapes are characterized by painting:

• gentle sand;
• charming hills;
• amazing panoramas;
• exceptional nature.

In the Mozambique Strait, special, rare living beings are found:

• lathemeria is an oldest fish who has previously lived by dinosaurs;
• manta is the biggest scat.

In general, here the fauna is similar to the living world and the Indian-ocean tropical belts, numerous here:

Divers attracted by such a variety can meet other residents:

• sea snakes;
• sword fish;
• huge turtles;
• volatile fish.

On the coasts where the tides are not maximum, there are mangroves, which are the best mollusc medium, plankton and crustaceans.

In addition to Madagascar, there are both the Comoros, all these sites are characterized. unique peace Nature - about 5% of all its representatives endemic, among them:

• orchids;
• lemurs;
• chameleons.

It is especially highlighted by the wealth of his own flora, about five hundred local plants - endemics.

This terrain was formed under the influence of ancient volcanic activitySo many islands have a similar origin. From above for a long time they were covered with corals, turning into the atoll. Most small areas of sushi outstanding over oceanic water are uninhabited.

At the bottom there is a mass of volcanoes. The strait itself belongs to the ridges (Mozambique and Madagascar) African shelf segment in Indian Ocean. And between these ridges there is space with hollows and faults. There is also the underwater part of the valley of the r. Zambezi.

It is believed that life on the islands rich in the Mozambique Strait, mostly came from the mainland, and some small animals or plant seeds fell here by water, sailing on the trees. At least, so scientists explain why there are no large mammals, for example, giraffes.

Mozambique Strait on the World Map

In world geography there is a clear answer to the question where the Mozambique Strait on the map is located, and even its borders are indicated:

• northern - line conducted through the mouth of the r. Rouvuma, Cape Pak Habu and the extreme North Cape Madagascar (CAP D "AMBR);
• south - line conducted through the Mozambique Ponte Du-yea and the extreme South Cape Madagascar (Cap Saint-Marie);
• eastern - West Madagascar Coast;
• western - East Mozambique Coast.

All this is located east of Africa, in the west of the Indian Ocean. In addition to Madagascar, this strait is washed by such smaller islands:

• Union of Comorian Islands (Ngazjj, Ndzuani, Milvia);
• overseas French territories (Bassas da India, Juan Di Nova, Mayotte, Gloreyoz, Europe, Ban du-Geyser);
• small unoccupied islands.

A significant part of people living on the specified coasts is busy with agriculture, operating traditional adoption of agriculture. This affects the products produced, which are perfectly clean eco. Industrial objects here are extremely small, which allows nature to remain untouched.

Tourism is also undeveloped, which is negative for the economy, but positively for ecology.

For this plot of land, the accumulation of various cultures is characterized, which is due to the influence of all means in different periods of history. This phenomenon is now manifested as in 15-18 centuries, when Africa's colonization was most actively.

Comoros are almost completely populated by "people who come from the sea", which are called antroloatra. They formed an extraordinary people who occurred from all sorts of nationalities and races, such blood was embraced:

• african;
• arabic;
• european;
• malagasy.

Another history of this region is associated with the active activities of the pirates, which were manufactured here in the 17-18 centuries, however, modern seafarers are carefully studying where the Mozambique Strait on the maps is, since now such triggers can happen here.

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Democratic Republic of Madagascar. The name of the country comes from the ethnonym of the people - Malagasy. The capital of Madagascar. Antananarivo. Madagascar Square. 587041 km2. Population of Madagascar. 15983 thousand people Location Madagascar. The state is located on Madagascar Island in the Indian Ocean, the fourth largest in the world. Separate from Africa Mozambique Strait. Madagascar also owns several small islands. Administrative division Madagascar. The state is divided into [...]