Volcanoes with all their danger are one of the most beautiful and majestic wonders of nature. The acting volcanoes at night look especially beautiful. But this beauty carries the death of everything around. Lava, volcanic bombs, pyroclastic flows consisting of split volcanic gases, ashes and stones are capable of erased from the face of the earth big cities. Humanity has managed to be convinced of the incredible power of volcanoes during the infamous eruption of Vesuvius, as a result of which the ancient Roman cities were killed, Pompeii and Staby died. And there are many such examples in history.

The biggest volcanoes in the world - we will talk today about these dangerous, but beautiful giants. Our list includes volcanoes of varying degrees of activity - from conditionally sleeping to existing ones. The main criterion for the selection was their magnitude.

Height 5,230 meters

Opens the rating very large volcanoes On Earth, the acting stratov toll is located in Ecuador. Its height is 5230 meters. The top of the volcano consists of three craters with a diameter of 50 to 100 meters. Sangai - one of the youngest and restless volcanoes South America. The first eruption occurred in 1628. The latter took place in 2007. Now volcanic activity Giant from the equator is estimated as moderate. Tourists visiting National Park Sangai, in the territory of which the volcano is located, can make climbing on his top.

Height 5 455 meters

On the 9th place among the biggest volcanoes in the world -. It is located on Mexican Highlands. The height of the volcano is 5455 meters. Even in a calm state, the volcano is constantly enveloped by the cloud of gases and ashes. His danger lies in the fact that there are densely populated areas around the volcano, and Mexico City is located 60 kilometers from it. Last eruption Giant happened quite recently - March 27, 2016, he threw the kilometer column of ash. The next day, Popochettel calmed down. In the event of a strong eruption of the Mexican giant, it will threaten the security to several millions of people.

Height 5,642 meters

There are large volcanoes and in Europe. In the North Caucasus there is a stratov toll, the height of which is 5642 meters. This is the highest peak of Russia. Elbrus is among the seven highest mountain vertices Planets. Regarding the activity of the giant, the opinion of scientists diverges. Some consider it an extinct volcano, and others - attenuating. Sometimes Elbrus becomes the center of small earthquakes. Some of the cracks come out on its surfaces from cracks. Scientists who believe that Elbrus may wake up in the future, express the opinion that the nature of his eruption will be explosive.

Height 5,675 meters

Seventh place in the list of the biggest volcanoes on earth occupies highest top Mexico. The height of the volcano is 5675 meters. The last time he was erupted in 1687. Now Orizaba is considered a sleeping volcano. From its tops are awesome panoramic views. In order to protect the volcano, a reserve was created.

Height 5 822 meters

On 6th place in the list of the largest volcanoes is located in the south of Peru. Its height is 5822 meters. Misty belongs to active volcanoes. The last time he was erupted in 1985. In January 2016, the growth of fumaroid activity was observed on the volcano - steam and gas holes appeared. This is one of the signs of the upcoming eruption. In 1998, six mummies of the Incans were found near the internal crater of the volcano.

An interesting fact - many buildings in the city of Arequipa, located 17 kilometers from the volcano, are built of white sediments of pyroclastic fluxes of Misty. Therefore, Arequipa is called the "white city".

Height 5 895 meters

The fifth place among the biggest volcanoes on the planet occupies the highest point of the African continent -. Scientists came to the conclusion that this gigantic stratov toll is 5895 meters high is potentially active. Now it periodically throws out gases and is the probability of collapse of a volcanic crater, which can provoke its eruption. There are no documentary evidence of the activity of Kilimanjaro, but there are legends of local residents, which speak of an eruption that occurred about 200 years ago.

Height 5 897 meters

In fourth place in the list of the biggest volcanoes on Earth is - the second largest vertex of Ecuador. This is an active volcano, the height of which is 5897 meters. The first time his activity was recorded in 1534. Since then, the volcanic eruption occurred more than 50 times. Last thing strong eruption Cobpakh happened in August 2015.

Height 6 145 meters

The active stratovoliko, located in Chile, ranks 3rd among the biggest volcanoes in the world. Its height is 6145 meters. The last volcano eruption occurred in 1960.

Height 4 205 meters

The second place among the biggest volcanoes in the world is the volcano located in the Hawaiian Islands. In terms of volume, this is the most huge volcano on the ground containing more than 32 cubic kilometers of magma. A giant formed more than 700 thousand years ago. Mauna Loa is a valid volcano. In 1984, his eruption lasted for almost a month and brought great damage. local residents And the surrounding volcano area.

Height 6,739 meters

In the first place among the biggest volcanoes in the world there is a valid start volcano. It is located on the border of Argentina and Chile. Its height is 6739 meters. The last eruption of the giant took place in 1877. Now he is in the solphate stage - from time to time the volcano highlights sulfur gases and water pairs. In 1952, at the first climbing on Lulyulyleko, the ancient sanctuary of Inca was found. Later on the slopes of the volcano, archaeologists have discovered three children's mummies. Most likely, they were sacrificed.

It is interesting. Yellowstone caldera, whose size is approximately 55 km by 72 km, is called supervulkan. It is located in Yellowstone national Park USA. The volcano did not show activity for 640 thousand years. Under its crater is a bubble of magma in a depth of more than 8 thousand meters. During its existence, the supervulkan eveoled three times. Each time it caused large cataclysms, changing the appearance of the Earth at the site of the eruption. When the supervolkan wakes up once again, it is impossible to predict. With confidence, it is possible to say only one thing - the cataclysm of this magnitude is able to put on the line the existence of our civilization.

Most of Volcanoes of our planet is located in the "Fiery Ring", which stretches on the shores of everything Pacific Ocean. And there are about 1.5 thousand volcanoes on Earth, of which 540 are active.

Here is a list of the most dangerous of them.

1. Niiragongo, height 3470 m, Democratic Republic of the Congo

This is one of the most dangerous volcanoes in Africa. Since 1882, 34 eruptions have been registered here. The main crater is 250 meters deep and 2 km wide, and in it there is a lake of actively burly lava. This lava is extremely fluid and its streams can reach a speed of 100 km / h. In 2002, 147 people were killed as a result of eruptions and 120,000 people were left without housing. The last eruption at the moment happened in 2016.

2. TALA, height 311 m, Philippines


This is one of the smallest active volcanoes on our planet. From 1572, he everacted 34 times. Located on Luzon Island, on Lake Tala. The strongest eruption of this volcano in the 20th century happened in 1911 - 1335 people died in 10 minutes and in general everything is alive at a distance of 10 km. In 1965, 200 people died. Last eruption - 1977

3. Mauna Loa, height 4 169 m, Hawaii (USA)


In Hawaii, many volcanoes, but it is the largest and most dangerous of all. Since 1832, 39 eruptions have been recorded. The last eruption occurred in 1984, the last strong eruption in 1950.

4. Vesuvius, height 1 281 m, Italy


One of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world is located just 15 km east of Naples. The most famous historical eruption occurred in 79 AD. As a result, this casterfields are two cities - Pompeii and Herculaneum - disappeared from the face of the earth. IN modern history Last eruption of Vesuvius happened in 1944.

5. Merapy, height 2 930 m, Indonesia


This most active in Indonesia the current volcano is located on the island of Java not far from the city of Yogyakarta. "Merapy" is translated as "mountain fire". The volcano is young, so he puffs with enviable regularity. Large eruptions occur on average every 7 years. In 1930, about 1,300 people died, in 1974 two villages were destroyed, in 2010 353 people died. Last eruption - 2011

6. Saint Helens, height 2 550 m, USA


Located 154 km from Seattle and 85 km from Portland. The most famous eruption of this active volcano occurred in 1980, when 57 people died. The eruption was rare type - "directional explosion". The process of eruption of the volcano and the spread of the ash cloud was filmed by photographer Robert Landsburg, who died at the same time, but retaining the film. The last activity today has been fixed in 2008.

7. Etna, height 3 350 m, Italy


Etna volcano is located on eastern coast Sicily. This is the highest active volcano in Europe. Throughout its existence, he everacted about 200 times. In 1992, one of the most large eruptions, during which the town of Dzaffera is barely saved. On December 3, 2015, the central crater of the volcano threw the lava fountain for kilometer height. Last eruption - February 27, 2017.

8. Sakuradzima, height 1 117 m, Japan


The volcano is located on the Peninsula of the Osuma Kyushu Island in the Japanese Kagosima Prefecture. Almost always stands over the volcano cloud of smoke. The eruptions were recorded on August 18, 2013, in March 2009. The last eruption was recorded on July 26, 2016.

9. Galeras, height 4 276 m, Colombia


Over the past 7 thousand years, at least six major eruptions occurred on the gallers and many small ones. In 1993, during research work, six volcanologists and three tourists died in the crater (the eruption also began). Latest registered eruptions: January 2008, February 2009, January and August 2010

10. Popochetetet, height 5426 m, Mexico


The name is translated as a "smoking hill". Volcano is located near Mexico City. From 1519 he everacted 20 times. The last eruption was recorded in 2015.

11. Undwan, height 1,500 m, Japan


The volcano is located on the Simabara Peninsula. The eruption of the Unclean volcano in 1792 is among the five most devastating eruptions in the history of mankind in the number of human victims. The eruption caused tsunami with a height of 55 meters, the victims of which were more than 15 thousand people. And in 1991, 43 people were killed during the eruption. Since 1996, eruptions have not been observed.

12. Krakataau, height 813 m, Indonesia


This acting volcano is located between the Islands of Java and Sumatra. Until the historical eruption of 1883, the volcano was significantly higher and was one big Island. However, the most powerful eruption of 1883 destroyed the island and volcano. Today Krakatau is still active and small eruptions occur quite regularly. Last Activity - 2014.

13. Santa Maria, height 3 772 m, Guatemala


The first registered eruption of this volcano occurred in October 1902, before that he was "rested" for 500 years. The explosion was heard over 800 km in Costa Rica, and the ash pillar rose 28 km. About 6 thousand people died. Today, the volcano is in active condition. The last eruption is registered in 2011.

14. Klyuchevskaya Natka., height 4835 m, Russia


The volcano is located in the east of Kamchatka 60 km from the coast. This is the largest acting volcano in Russia. Over the past 270 years, more than 50 eruptions have been recorded, the latter - in April 2016.

15. Karamskaya Natka, height 1468 m, Russia


Also located in Kamchatka. Since 1852, more than 20 eruptions have been recorded. Eruption of recent years: 2005, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015 Very restless volcano.

Volcanoes - Geological formations on the surface of the earth's crust, through which magma appears. The name comes from the Roman God of Fire - volcano. Today on the planet there are more than 1000 existing volcanoes. Then we will introduce you to the classification of volcanoes, tell me where most of them are and which are considered the highest and most famous.

Volcanoes: Interesting Facts

There is a large classification of volcanoes. So, all volcanoes of the world We are divided into 3 types:
By type (thyroid, stratululkany, slag cones, dome);
By location (lines, terrestrial, underwater);
According to activity (extinct, sleeping, acting).

Each volcano consists of the following parts:
Main crater;
Side crater;
Garlo.


Some volcanoes erupt not Lava. There are also mud volcanoesThe post-taxia formations include geasers.

Where are the volcanoes of the world

Most volcanoes are located in Andes, Indonesia, Iceland, Hawaii and Kamchatka. However, they are not chaotic, but in strictly defined zones:
Most of the volcanoes are located in the zone called the Pacific Volcanic Fire Ring: in Andes, Cordillera, in Kamchatka, as well as in the Philippines and New Zealand. Almost all are located here. existing volcanoes The world of ground - 328 out of 540.
Another location zone is a Mediterranean folding belt, including the Mediterranean Sea (Santorin, Etna, Vesuvius) and stretches to Indonesia, where almost all powerful eruptions of the world took place: Tamboz in 1815 and Krakatau in 1883.
The Mid-Atlantic Range Forming Whole Volcanic Islands. Keyless examples: Canary Islands, Iceland.

Existing volcanoes of the world

Most of the acting volcanoes are located in the above zones. Volcanoes in Iceland are often eructed, periodically reminds of themselves the highest volcano of Europe - Etna. Others who are particularly widely known:
Popochetetet, located near Mexico City;
Vesuviy;
Mauna Loa;
Niiragongo (DR Congo), known for its huge lake of boiling lava, located in the crater.

Extluous volcanoes of the world

Often volcanoes are completed by active eruptions. Some of them are considered extinct, others are considered sleeping. Extluous volcanoes of the world Located throughout the planet, including in Andes, where the highest volcano of the world is (6893 meters), as well as the mountain of volcanic origin of Akonkagua (the main vertex of South America).

Often extinct volcanoes Used as observatory, for example, Mauna Kea in the Hawaiian Islands, in which 13 telescopes are installed in the crater. By the way, Mauna Kea is recognized as the highest volcano as a whole, if we consider it and the underwater part of its height is 10,205 meters.

The most famous volcanoes of the world

Stories about terrible eruptions that destroyed entire cities and the destroyed islands heard everything. Here we will tell about:
Vesuvius, this not large volcano In Italy (1281 m) destroyed the city of Pompeii. This moment is even captured in the picture of the bullov "Last Day Pompeii".
Etna - the highest volcano in Europe, which is periodically erupting. The last eruption was held in May 2015.
Krakatau - volcano in Indonesia, whose eruption in 1883 was equal to the explosion of 10,000 atomic bombs. Now in his place it snacks new volcano - Anak-Krakataau.
Tamboy. In 1815, the most powerful eruption of our time took place, as a result of which volcanic winter came (Pollution of the atmosphere aside), and 1816 was a year without summer.
Santorin, who destroyed the Minoan civilization and destroyed the whole island in the Mediterranean.
Mont-Pele on Martinique, in a matter of minutes, destroying the port of St. Pierre. 36,000 people died
Yellowstone caldera is a potential supervolkan, the eruption of which is able to change the map of the world.
Kilimanjaro is the highest point of Africa.

Publication date 08/10/2014 08:03

Each of us heard a lot about volcanoes, someone even was lucky to visit some of them, but most have a very superficial idea of \u200b\u200bwhat a volcano is, what is his nature, how they arise and what their nature is. About what volcanoes are what they are, for which they need - all about volcanoes you will find in this article Next.

What is a volcano?

In essence, the volcano is a hole in the earth's crust. When the volcano is eruption, very hot molten rocks are eructed from the depths of the earth to the surface through this hole. Volcanoes, often exhibiting activity, are called valid. Volcanoes that can in the future become valid are called sleeping. Earthly called volcano, the livelihood of which stopped forever.

Where are the volcanoes?

There are approximately 840 acting volcanoes in the world. Usually for the year there are only 20-30 eruptions. Most volcanoes are close to the edges of the giant plates, which make up the external layers of the Earth in their aggregate. In the world every 30 seconds an earthquake occurs, and only some of them represent a real danger.

Structure of volcano

For those who want to know from which the volcano consists, we advise in detail and carefully examine the following images:

What is the biggest volcano in the world?

The largest volcano in the world - Mauna Loa in Hawaii in the USA, whose dome has a length of 120 km and a width of 50 km. Fire volcano is active volcano W. Hawaiian Islands. It goes under water 900 m and rises to the surface between 10 thousand to 100 thousand years. You can watch this volcano on the photo further:

What is called high-speed waves?

Speed \u200b\u200bwaves are deep seismic waves, going through the ground at a speed of 18 thousand km / h. They are much faster than sound.

What is the greatest lava flood?

In Iceland in 1783, a very strong fractured eruption occurred. At the same time, the split mass spread out 65-70 km.

When did people go around the sea?

Cat-May volcano on Alaska, USA, in 1912 monster so much floating pumice that people went on this sea.

How much on earth of the current volcanoes?

Currently, there are approximately 1300 active volcanoes on land. By water, there are also many of them, but the number of them fluctuates, since some cease activities, while others arise. Each dormant volcano may unexpectedly explode. Therefore, those volcanoes that acted at least once in the last 10 thousand years are active.

What is a volcanic eruption?

Volcanic eruptions are a series of explosion-like explosions. They continue with an interval in hours and minutes, but happen as a result of clusters under the lava speed of a large volume of gas. During such eruptions, parts of the crater can fly out, the value of which can reach the size of the bus.

What is a pledin eruption?

When the hot magma is saturated with gas and fills the volcano, it explodes it, throwing out the speed, the greater sound speed is twice. The eruption is so strong that the magma disintegrates on the tiny pieces, and after a few hours the land can be under the layer of ash. The eruption of Vesuvia in 79 was the same character. At the same time, the Roman writer of Plini could not be saved, so this type of eruptions is called Pliny.

What is a stombria eruption?

If the magma is sufficiently liquid, then the lake in the lake in the crater of the volcano can be formed. At the same time, large gas bubbles float and blast the shell, splashing volcanic bombs from the floor of the molten lava and fragments of the lava breed. This kind of eruption is called Strombolian from the Italian volcanic island of Stromboli.

What was the most powerful volcano eruption?

The most powerful eruption of the volcano happened approximately 20 thousand years ago, when the volcano of the Toba volcano on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. In his center, a crater with a length of 100 km was formed, and the other part of the island was buried under the layer of volcanic rocks with a thickness of more than 300 m.

Why do Pompeii died?

Throughout the history of humanity, volcanoes were dangerous for people living next to them. In 79, the Roman city of Pompeii was erased from the face of the Estraging Vesuvius volcano. Even at present, the strongest eruptions can harm people.

When was the legend about Atlantis?

At about 1645 BC. e. exploded greek Island Santorini. As a result, it was destroyed minoan civilization. This fact served as the beginning of the legend of the missing mainland Atlantis.

Useful information about volcanoes, geysers, photos of volcanoes

The most dangerous and unpredictable objects of the earth's surface are volcanoes - Geological formations arising over cracks in the earth's crust, which will be erupted on the Earth, hot magma burning all living on its path, hot gases and rocks of rocks.

At the same time, volcanoes are divided into acting, asleep and extinct. The erupted magma is called Lova. At times, it is leisurely poured out of cracks, and sometimes the volcano is erupted by a strong explosion of steam, ash, dust and volcanic ash. It is these processes that lead to the consequences that do not benefit people. A person today has no means to confront the eruption of a volcano, except for flight.

What is pyroclastic flows? When exposing the volcano vulcan, it breaks the breed and creates a colossal amount of debris, ashes and pembolis - pyroclastic materials. With eruptions, they are the first to rise in Zhero. After the hole is expanded, magma begins to pour out from it. At the same time, the pyroclastic cloud is made so thick, which cannot be mixed with air to climb up. Because of this, it follows hot avalanches - pyroclastic flows that move with a huge speed reaching 200 km / h. They can cover the products of the eruption of large areas.

What are the volcanoes?

In places where tectonic plates diverge, the magma proceeds through the gaps, forming created volcanoes. Quickly frozen thick lava form bulk volcanoes. With powerful eruptions of the volcano in the crater settles the caldera. Water is often flowing into it, and then the lake is formed. The most specific are stratovulkanywhich are folded in turn from the layers of Lava and ash.

Espeed from focal and fissure lava volcanoes, as a rule, fluid. Oshanging, it creates basalt rocks, such as basalt, gabbro and a lot. In place becomes rocks such as Andesit, Fochit and Riolitis.

Education during volcanic eruptions

Basalt columns. A dense flow of liquid lava during frozen can be broken into hexagonal basalt columns, resembling those that stand in the Great Dam in Northern Ireland.

Lava Pagoekhoe. Sometimes breeds on the surfaces quickly frozen, creating a thin bark over the still viscous and hot lava. If the crust has a thickness of a few centimeu, then it cools up to such an extent that it can be walking on it. However, if the lava continues to flow, then the crust starts frills. This Lava Hawaiians nicknamed "Pagoekhe", which means "wavy".

Lava AA. If Lava rapidly freezes into a coarse mass, then it is called "aa". With underwater eruptions of volcanoes, for example, on the mid-oceanic ridges, water instantly cool and breaks the lava into small smooth particles, which are called "pillows".

Focal volcanoes. Most volcanoes lie along the boundaries of the plates of the earth's crust, as they are above the single cluster of the magma flowing onto the surface. Even when the stove moves, such a hearth continues to remain in place, burns and burns it at different points, forming a chain of volcanoes.

What a lava can be volcanoes

Volcanoes can erupt the lava of two types: aA-Lava and wavy Lava.

Aa-lava thicker and petrifies with sharp fragments of breeds - volcanic slags.

Wavy lava is a closer and saturated Lava gases. When solidified, it creates rocks with a smooth surface, and sometimes flows, forming long stalactites. Thuchy ashes ejected by volcanoes are powder from lava.

How geysers appear

Hot springs and geasers are formed by boiling magma. When the rain water leaks under the ground and faces hot magma. Due to the pressure, its temperature may increase, and then the magma will rise again. If, when lifting, hot water is mixed with cold, it follows the surface in the form of a hot source. If it faces an obstacle on its path, then it remains under pressure and after that he splashes a strong jet called geyser.

Power of eruption

Separate volcanoes can explode more powerful than atomic bomb. As a rule, this happens if Magma thickened and became so viscous that he shut up the vulcan. Inside it, the pressure is gradually increasing until the magma sees such a plug. The force of eruptions is often measured by the number of ashes, which was splashing into the air. With the flow of magma under the ground, due to the breeds, it acquires a variety of forms. As a rule, the current magma is crushed into the cracks inside rock, and this process is called a consonant intrusion. At the same time, mortal rocks are formed, such as lopolytes, lenzo-shaped - faucets, or flat layers - Silly. A viscous magma can be pressed on the breed with such a force that cracks will arise, and this process is called disagreeable intrusion.

Forecast eruption. How real?

Preparing the time when the volcano wakes up is extremely difficult. The eruptions in Hawaii are quite calm, frequent and relatively predictable, but most natural disasters are difficult to predict. Tilt is used as one of the means to determine the approaching eruption. It is a device for establishing steepness of the volcano slopes. In the case of its increase in Magma, located in the center of the volcano, swells, and an eruption may occur. But it should be remembered that such changes are accurate only shortly before the eruption, with the result that this type of forecasting is extremely dangerous.

Kotopakh - the highest volcano in the world

Volcanoes are geological formations that have arisen over the supply channels leading from cracks in the earth's crust or directly from the magmatic hearth. On the channels to the surface, the fire-liquid mass is erupted - lava with chips of rocks, and gases and water vapors are ejected.

How the eruption occurs

A typical volcano is a hill with a pipe passing through its thickness, called jerle Volcano. It rises from focus Magma. When high pressure is created in the focus, upstairs is rushed and the mixture of magma and solid stones is ejected into the air - lava. This phenomenon is called eruption of volcano. Sometimes rains fall out with the eruption, which, stirring with ashes, turn into the river dirt. Lava melts stones and destroys everything alive, and after eruption, hesitates in the form of a solid peel. As these solid layers accumulate, the volcano grows. But the eruption of the volcano is accompanied by the Lava flow, sometimes without it.

Kilimanjaro Mountain - the most high Point Africa. This extinct volcano with a snowy vertex stands out against the background of the surrounding plain savannah

Types of volcanoes

The activities of volcanoes are divided into 3 groups: existing, asleep, extinct.

• Existing- These are those volcanoes that currently occur. If the magma is not poured, and the volcano smokes, then it is also classified as valid.
• Asleep Volcanoes are considered that retained their shape and in the depths of which weak shoes and earthquakes periodically occur.
• TO extinct Volcanoes ranked once in the distant past, and they destroyed cones.

Volcanoes have a different form depending on the nature of the eruption and the type of volcanic matter.

• Central volcanoes They are formed thanks to the tool cracks, which arise in the places of faults of the earth's crust. On the sides of the cracks there is a accumulated volcanic material.
• Stratovulkany They have the correct cone-shaped shape formed by layers of lava and chip rocks.
• Shield volcanoes The central type is born in cracks and in places of lithospheric slabs. At the same time, the magma rises in cracks in the earth's crust, spreading the lava over the surface and pouring, forming lava covers for tens of kilometers.

The most famous volcanoes

Krakataau (Indonesia) - 813 m acting

Fujiima (o. Honshu, Japan) - 3776 m, extinct

Elbrus (Caucasus) - 5595 m, has two vertices

Vesuvius (Neapolitan Gulf Coast, Italy) - 1281 m, active

Etna (about. Sicily) - 3290 m, one of the most active in Europe

The biggest eruptions

Eruption Tamboy.Located at the Indonesian Island of Sumbawa, which occurred in 1815, is considered the most powerful in the history of mankind. The explosion of the volcano was heard on the island of Sumatra, that is, for 2 thousand km from the Tambala! Because of this element, more than 70 thousand people died.

The newly rebuilt city of Saint-Pierre near acting volcano Mont-Pele on Martinique

Volcano Mon-PeleLocated in the northern part of the island of Martinique, suddenly woke up on May 8, 1902 and the nearby city of Saint-Pierre was covered with a hot cloud of Pella and Gaza. As a result of the eruption, about 30 thousand people died.

Volcano Nevado del Ruislocated on the territory of Colombia has repeatedly presented to residents of nearby settlements Unpleasant surprises in the form of eruptions. However, on November 13, 1985, the volcano fell earlier. He made a powerful release of burning rocks that melt the glaciers and caused mud threads. Those, in turn destroyed the city of Armero, which was 46 km from the source of the eruption. As a result of the element, about 25 thousand people died.

Ruins of Pompei city. Almost all residents of Pompeii cities and Herculane were killed as a result of the terrible eruption of Vesuvius volcano, which occurred on August 24, 79. e.

What volcano now need to fear most?

Most. dangerous volcano Our planet is a volcano Cumbre ViehaLocated by canary Island San Miguel de la Palma. Volcanologists argue that if this volcano "wakes up", his huge slope will immediately collapse and fall into Atlantic Oceanwhere the appearance of a colossal wave (its height, according to experts, will be 900 m, and the speed is about 800 km / h). The wave will head towards North and South America, passing "assisted" Africa, South England, as well as Caribbean Islands. Scientists believe that as a result of such a Tsunami, New York, Miami, Boston and Washington will be erased from the face of the Earth. By the way, some experts offered to just destroy the volcano, without waiting for his "awakening", but still there is no equipment that can make it "painless."

In total, there are about 4 thousand volcanoes on the globe, of which about 1340 are potentially operating.

Yellowstone caldera

Yellowstone caldera - This is one of the largest famous volcanoes In the world, and this is not one volcano, but a whole system. She is B. North America. Calderars are called large, reminiscent of the craters of the basins, formed after the collapse of the vertices of the long-suffering or extinct volcano. The size of the Giant Yellowstone Caldera is about 55x72 km. The first powerful eruption of the supervulkan occurred 2.1 million years ago, then 1.3 million and 640,000 years ago. Now here comes from 1 to 20 earthquakes per day, but they are very weak - magnitude no more than 3 points.

Geysers.

Around volcanoes, even long asleep, often hot springs. If there is a cavity underground, where groundwater accumulates and heated, a geyser is formed - a source, periodically emitting hot water fountains and steam. The water under pressure in underground voids is gradually heated above 100 ° C. When the critical temperature is reached, it boils. The resulting pairs with noise is thrown out of the geyser, fascinating with it boiling water.

In Yellowstone Park, there is Lolina Geysers, in which they are already 3000, the famous Geyser Vie Fidel throws almost a hot water column with a height of 50 m. And the geyser giant fountains for ^ minutes after different intervals and reaches a height of 61 m.