The best sights of Old Russa with a photo and description. What to see in Staray Russa: Temples, Museums and Sites Dostoevsky

23.09.2019

Today's old Russa is a calm city in Novgorod regionwhere little reminds of wars and fires, epidemics and terrible folk riots. Is that a miracle surviving temples ... when soviet army I freed the old RUSSU, here only temples and remained, towering over the scorched city. Nowadays, the old RUSSU goes the suffering deliverances from diseases: Local mineral water Capable to put on the feet of any patient.

Bristian history of the city

The first mention of the old Russa is contained in one of the birchy diplomas found during excavations in the city.

Old Russ is located in the Novgorod region. There is a city in the fall into the river Polyst, its largest tributary - the river of the order, referred to as in the city of the launch.

There are many assumptions about the origin of the name of this city. According to one of them, the word "Rusa" reminds of the inseparable connection of the history of the city with the people of Russia, who gave the name to the entire Old Russian state. Philologists also suggest that the title is based on the "order of the order" - in the past, the river was known as Rus. The adjective "old" appeared in the middle of the XVI century, when the village of New Rus was built nearby. Doubting "C" appeared in the title after the XVI century.

The first chronicle mention of the old RUSSE refers to 1167. However, Rus was also mentioned in the Berevian diploma of the early 70s. XI century

There is also the chronicle legend of the XVII century. "Tale of Slovenia and Ruse and the city of Slovensk", where the epic style is set out the mythological version of the appearance of the ancestors of the Russian people. Including it is told about the population of the neighborhood of Novgorod and Prince Ruse - the founder of the city of Rus: "... Brother of Slovenov Rus was in place on the spot with some interlock Slovenska, I am the stages of 50 salted students, and create a hail between the Twight Rekama , and on speak of him in the name of his Rus, Izh and Donyn, it is called Rus Old. "

The city immediately began to rich and build thanks to the trade (the city stood on the waterway "from Varyag to Greeks"), crafts and mainly welded salt from local sources.

It so happened that the city was at the crosshairs of the interests of various political forces during the period when the formation of the Russian state occurred, and through these lands, the army of warring parties went through these lands, as a result, the uplings in the history of the city were repeatedly replaced.

Initially, the city was located as part of the Novgorod lands. In the XII-XIII centuries. The old Russ was attacked by Lithuanian princes, in 1234 taken by the troops of the Livonian Order, but was released by citizens.

In 1478, the Russian king Ivan III joined the city to the Moscow State together with Novgorod lands. In the XV century The city appeared a state salvation (for the needs of the state treasury), which enriched the city even more.

By the middle of the XVI century. The old Russa in the number of inhabitants and the number of courtyards was the fourth in the Russian state after Moscow, Pskov and Novgorod. Then the old Russ was almost erased from the face of the Earth at the end of the XVI - beginning. The XVII centuries, during the military hikes of the king of Ivan the Terrible and in troubled times: in 1608 the city was captured by Lhadmitria II detachments, AB 1611 - Swedes. And in the city there were only 38 inhabitants, but at the command of the king Alexei Mikhailovich, the city was restored in the middle of the XVI century.

The city was visited twice the emperor Peter and there was a lot of accommodate the development of salt and forest industry: in the vicinity of the city, oak wood was bought for shipbuilding.

1831 was terrible for the city: the cholera epidemic broke out here and there was a bloody "holester riot" when the soldiers and the worn were killed by officers and drugs, suspecting them in intentional poisoning of people.

During the Great Patriotic War For almost three years, from August 9, 1941 to February 18, 1944, the city was occupied by the Germans, he was very destroyed, but later rebuilt anew.

The city of Old Russ is south of Novgorod, on the privamenskoy lowland, at the confluence of polishes with the river gust.

Old healing salts

Healing Natural Properties Salt mineral sources Made the city of the old Russa popular therapeutic resort.

The townspeople themselves prefer to call Rushans (Rusha-No, Rushanin, Rushanka). This self-ignition is from the gray old antique: it is known that the Transfiguration Monastery founded in the XII century. local Martyri, nicknamed Rushanin.

Old Russa is one of the oldest resorts of Russia. Back in 1828, the metropolitan doctors began to recommend local mineral water for treatment. For the convenience of wealthy patients, the first resort in the middle lane in Russia was opened here, and it became fashionable to ride "on the water", and relatively close compared to the Caucasus or Western Europe.

There are nine mineral springs on the territory of the city, two of them are drinking, and seven are mineral lakes in the resort park, thanks to which a zone of increased ionization of air is created. Thus, a specific microclimate is formed, useful for the treatment of many ailments.

Also nearby the sources are mud lakes, where the sulphide-baby mud "Starus" with biologically active substances is extracted.

The resort is famous not only healing power Mineral waters, but also because at different times there were outstanding figures of culture of Russia: the writer and critic N. A. Dobrolyubov, the poet K. M. Fofanov, composer E. F. Director, artist B. M. Kustodiyev, Writer M . Gorky.

In the ground, the old Russa is not only mineral waters: the excavations of archaeologists found that the thickness of the cultural layer reaches 6 m, and in the historical core of the city - on the Seredki Square, where the accumulation of the layer began not later than the middle of the XI century, there were 26 wooden pavement tiers. Nakhodka, which brought the city by international fame, - Berevian diplomas dated XI-XV centuries, for which it was recreated not only by the life of that era, but even the local Dialect of the Old Russian language was studied.

Surprisingly, the fact: the city almost miraculously retained his historical appearance, despite many wars. The greatest damage architecture of the old Russa caused the second world War: Many buildings burned out, out of 2960 residential buildings only three remained integer.

The oldest monument of the architecture of the city is the Savior Cathedral of the Savior Transfiguration Monastery, founded in 1192. The structure of the monastery belonging to the XVII century, preserved to the present day.

In the St. George Church, the Old Russian Mother of God, revered by parishioners miraculous.

Nikolskaya Church of the XIV century. It was delivered by citizens in many respects with practical purposes: the market square was located nearby, and the merchants - their own and visiting were to protect the saint patron of trade in Nikolai Mirlijsky.

In Staray Russa, honor and remember the great Russian writer Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881), who lived here in 1872-1875 and in 1880, coming along with his family. The writer loved the old RUSSU very much, and she appears not in one of his works, albeit under different names. The house-museum of the writer stands on the shore of the rest.

Every spring in the old Russa is held international older readings "Dostoevsky and Modernity", and every fall - International Festival Chamber performances on the works of Dostoevsky.

Curious facts

■ The Muravyovsky fountain opened in 1854 in the resort park of Old Russa is a pillar of mineral water driving straight from the ground.

■ At the resort "Old Russ" at the end of the XIX - early XX centuries. The resort theater worked, to speak in which many famous actors of the time were honored. Here, in particular, the creative path of the famous Russian dramatic actress V. F. Commissioner (1864-1910) began.

■ In 2002, the Resurrection Cathedral of Staray Russa was depicted on a Russian coin in 10 rubles from the "Ancient Cities of Russia" series. On the reverse, coins depict the coat of arms of the old Russa and the Muravyovsky fountain.

■ The old Russ is in second place - after Novgorod - by the number of birchy diplomas found: there are 45 of them here.

■ Live bridge over the POLIST River has retained a wooden coating, but installed on stone supports. It is called so because it was originally pontoon and swung at the intersection.

■ The Museum of the North-West Front is the only museum in Russia dedicated to one front.

■ Russian writer Fyodor Dostoevsky, being in Staraya Russa, described the city in the Roman "Brothers of the Karamazov" called Scotophanevsk. In the house, which is now turned into a museum, Fedor Dostoevsky also wrote the novels "demons" and "Teenager".

■ "House of Hearsh" in Staray Russa was named so named Agrippina Little - Prototype Peach Svetlova in the Roman of Fedor Dostoevsky "Brothers Karamazov",

■ Description of the arms of the old Russa from 1781 in accuracy reflects natural wealth Cities: "... In the Red Field, the iron frying pan on which salt is boiled, put on a brick cruise stove, so far in the city there are a nobigible salt of the princes."

■ on the river of the order cost more than forty settlementsBut the largest is the city of Old Russ. Presumably the last kilometer of the order before the shift in polishes has artificial origin, and the direction of the very order itself, called Malashka, goes to the right and disappears in the east of the city. Why and by whom a restrain was created, it is not known.

■ According to the local legend, the Polysty River gave the name of the prince of Rus - the hero of "Tale of Slovenia and Ruse and the city of Slovensk", the mythical founder of the old Russa - in honor of his wife Polina. There is a simpler explanation: the word "polis" has ancient European roots and literally means "swamp, drier, a quagger."

■ East Russian mother's icon in Old Rousse - the largest remote icon in the world: height - 278 cm, width - 202 cm.

ATTRACTIONS

■ Historical: the town of Old Russ (XI-XV centuries), water tower (1909), a monument to "Valland Wilmanstrands" ("Eagle", 1913).
■ Natural: Spring "Live source".
■ Cult: Church in the name of the Savior of the Transfiguration of the Lord (1198), the Church of the Velikomarty Mina (XIV century), Nikolskaya Church (Nikolai Mirly Kijsky, 1371), St. George Church (XV century), Church of the Holy Trinity (1680) G.), Resurrection Cathedral, Okrug Church (Church of the Holy Spirit, 1797).
■ Architectural: Popova House (end of the XVIII century), resort park, "House of Hearsa" (XIX century), Live Bridge.
■ Cultural: House-Museum of F. M. Dostoevsky, Museum of History of the Resort "Old Russa", Old-Russian Museum of Local Lore, Museum of the North-Western Front.

Atlas. Whole world in your hands №243

One of the oldest russian cities It is the old Russ, the sights of which attract tourists and are pride of local residents.

There are still no accurate data on the time of the settlement time, but the first mentions are found in the annals dated 1167, which began to be considered the official date of the appearance of old Russ. There are several versions about the title of the city. One of them - on behalf of the River of the Revocation (formerly Rus), the other - in honor of the legendary Hero of Rus, who lived in this area, and became the founder of the city.

So where is the old Russa? The city is located in the central part of the Novgorod region, less than a hundred kilometers from the regional center , At the fall of the river the order to the river polis. You can get to the city from the regional center by bus (time on the road about 2 hours), by car, or by rail on the passing train Moscow -.

In contact with

Main attractions with photos and descriptions

Here there are quite a lot for small city Attractions I. iconic places. Some of them were especially known in the past, but they lost their initial greatness in our time, others today attract tourists. The city has museums, churches, cathedrals, temples, monuments, and even their own sanatorium resort.

Monuments

There are sculptural compositions in the city, most of whom have suffered significantly during the German occupation. Many of them were diligently restored and cause interest among tourists:

Churches

The city attracts both lovers of antiquity, so pilgrims who want to visit holy places. Many shrines are preserved in the city, and the believers are in a hurry to visit the church of the Great Military Miln, and in the Resurrection Cathedral, and in the Church, George the Victorious, and in the Savior-Preobrazhensky Monastery, and other holy places. Tell some of them:

The pride of the old Russa are other shrines. The Church of the Great Military Mina, based in the 14th century, is famous for the ancient architecture.

The main values \u200b\u200bstored in it - the Handiculated eight-pointed cross, the gospel, published in 1657, and the image of the Holy Martyr.

Often, tourists are visited by the Church of the Holy Trinity, an accurate date of the construction of which is unknown. During its existence, the shrine survived several destruction from fires and natural cataclysms, was very damaged in the war years. During this time, all church values \u200b\u200bwere lost.

Restored the building in 1980

Museums of old Russe

City museums, which are quite a few, are also attractions - and the Old Russian Museum of Local Lore, and the House-Museum of F. M. Dostoevsky, and the Center for Folk Creativity and Crafts "Bereginy", and the "Middle Ages Rusanin Manor" - everywhere pass knowledgeable and interesting excursions For children and adults.

We will tell more detail:

Historical fact: This house was the first private housing for Dostoevsky. Previously, his family was forced to live for removable apartments.

Staraya Russ

What else to see in Old Rousse? Visit the resort park. In ancient times, the city was a center for salt extraction, but over time, the processes stopped, but mineral waters and dirt remained having therapeutic properties.

In 1828, the emperor Nicholas I agreed to the construction of a balneological resort. Mineral waters were used to treat skin diseases, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system.

The first corps was built on the site of an abandoned Petropavlovsky monastery, salonic lake. Initially, patients of the new sanatorium were soldiers who needed treatment and restoration after transferred injuries and diseases.

Over time, the resort acquired new buildings and acquired a wide popularity. Sons of Alexander II visited his waters, M. Gorky, N. Dobrolyubov, F. M. Dostoevsky. In 1882, at the expense collected by professors of the St. Petersburg University, who performed lectures at the resort, discovered the medical children's colony - the first such phenomenon in Russia.

The resort's development continued after the revolution of 1917, the number of buildings increased, laboratories and medical diagnostic cabinets appeared. Since 1925, the sanatorium became year-round. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, in 1941, a military hospital was located on the basis of the hospital. But, after the retreat of our troops, with the arrival of German occupiers, the sanatorium was destroyed, most of the age-old trees in the park around the health care was cut down, destroyed all the waterways, dams, dirt were blurred and oxidized.

After the expulsion of the Nazis in February 1944, the sanatorium began to restore, and already in 1946 he was able to accept the first patients. The full restoration of the resort was completed in the early 70s.

The main attraction and the symbol of not only the resort, but also the city - the Muravyvsky Fountain, called in honor of Count Muravyev, who ordered to start drilling well. Healing qualities have not only water, but also the air around the fountain. Smoking near the source is prohibited.

Note: The Muravyvsky Fountain is a powerful self-relieving mineral source in Europe, reaching a height of 1.5 meters. In 2002, the Fountain of the "Ancient Cities of Russia" was depicted on a 10-ruble coin.

One of the methods of treatment is a walk through the park, the air in which has healing power. Special medicinal routes have been developed, exercises are installed at open vessels for classes. Park is located in the center of Staray Russa, you can visit it round year And committed free. Currently, the resort continues to function throughout the year. To be treated and strengthened their health can everyone - both adults and children from 4 years old.

A variety of attractions and their history attract guests of the old Russ. Many tourists and guests of the city are happy to visit not only memorial places, but also strengthen their health on the balneological resort. We suggest you view interesting photos Old Russa.

Old Russa - The city, which takes the third largest in the Novgorod region. It was founded in 1167 and is one of the oldest. In the Middle Ages, this place was the main center of salvement in North-Western Russia, and since 1828 it became a popular balneogryaise resort.

Old Russ began to lose its popularity after World War II, as railway Connecting it directly with Novgorod was destroyed. Today, tourism sphere in this city, unfortunately, is developing very weakly.

Sights of the city of Old Russ with a photo and description

Nowadays, the old Russ is interesting to tourists primarily by its resorts. Unfortunately, many monuments of the history and architecture of the city were destroyed during the fighting of World War II. The greatest interest from the surviving attractions for travelers is a unique church architecture.

Church of the Old Russe

The cult architecture of Staray Russa is its main attraction and the object of pilgrimage. Many of the churches of the city were erected in the period of the Middle Ages and survived all wars and natural disasters that fell into this city.

- A real symbol of the city of Old Russ. He was erected back in 1192. The first wooden temple was destroyed by fire in just 6 years, but the new-stone-stone was erected in 70 days, after which the building was destroyed several more times and re-restored. The monastery complex, which came to the present day, was renovated in the XVIII century, and today the Museum of Local Local Museum is located.
Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ - Orthodox church on the banks of the Polysti River, built in 1692 on the site of the Pokrov's wooden church of the Most Holy Virgin. The Cathedral building experienced difficult times during the years of Soviet power, but was renovated in 2008, after which the ministry began to be held here.
Church of the Holy Great Military - One of the main objects of the cult architecture of the city. The founding date of the temple is unknown, but judging by the method of masonry of the building, it can be attributed to ancient churches Rus. Unfortunately, this monument very much suffered in the battles of the Great Patriotic War and today is in a fallen state.

Savior Transfiguration Monastery

Other churches of old Russa:

the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Lord;
church of the Holy Trinity;

church of Nicholas Wonderworker;
chapel Icons of the Mother of God.

Architectural attractions

The first buildings of the old Russa, erected in the unique style of wooden architecture, were destroyed by a fire of 1763. All modern architectural monuments are built from the XVIII century along a typical rectangular plan.

Water tower - One of the symbols of the city. This monument of culture and architecture, founded in 1909 in the very center of Staray Russa served as local residents and after World War II, as a reference point for the restoration of destroyed houses. Nowadays, the building intends to reconstruct, on the top floor plan to create an observation platform.
Muravyvsky Source - The most powerful in the artesian self-looping fountain. He was erected in 1858 by the efforts of the Minister of State Property M. Muraviev, in honor of which he received its name. Today it is one of best places Recreation for tourists and residents of the city.
Live bridge - Wooden crossing on stone bases across the POLIST River. In the past, there was a pontoon bridge, very swinging while driving, because of what he received his name.

Live bridge
In Staray Russa there are also several houses of famous people:

Pavel Alexandrovich Gaydeburova;
Vladislav Mikhailovich Glinka;
Agrippines little (Grushenka).

Monuments

The sculptural compositions of the old Russa, dedicated to its outstanding residents and military glory, will undoubtedly be interesting to tourists. Unfortunately, monuments, like many landmarks of this city, were very affected during the events of World War II.

Monument F. M. Dostoevsky - This monument created by the sculptor Vyacheslav Klyukov is at the intersection of the streets of the Red Commanders and Svarog, next to the Nikolsk Church. A great writer is depicted sitting on a stump, arms crossed. Fedor Mikhailovich lived for some time in the old Ross and described this city in his work "Brothers Karamazov."
Monument to the founder- Dedicated to the prince of Rus, according to the legend, the beginning not only this city began, but also the whole. Stone with a memorial sign, which tells the history of the city in the old Slavonic language, is located at ul. Gostnvorskaya, 2.
Eagle - The monument in the very center of Staray Russa is dedicated to the soldiers of the Wilmanstrand Infantry Regiment, quartered in this city from 1864 to 1918. Nowadays, the Older Supplore plant is located on the site of the regimental "red barracks". The sculpture is laid and opened in 1913 with the financial support of Emperor Nicholas II. During the battles of World War II, the monument suffered, but was restored in 1953.
Korostyn - The cemetery of German soldiers and officers of the SS division officers "Dead Head" who killed in the vicinity of Staray Russa. It was opened in 1997 on the shore of Lake Ilmen. Next to it is a natural landmark - Ilmensky Mlintest.

Monument F. M. Dostoevsky

Museums

The best thing rich history one of ancient cities Russia - Staray Russa -ovy museums. Interesting museums for tourists:

- Beautiful interactive museum under open skywho acquainted tourists in the game form with the process of salivary. His project was developed back in 2006, and construction began in 2014. Today, visitors are available, sauna, gathering courtyard, salty, and other economic buildings are also planned in the future.
Dostoevsky House Museum - The favorite dwelling of the writer in the old Russa, which he called "our nest". The museum was created in 1883 by his wife Fyodor Mikhailovich, just two years after his death. The collection was based on personal belongings, drafts and letters of this great man.
Local Lore Museum Located in the building of the ancient Savior Transfiguration Monastery, one of the attractions of the city of Old Russ. Collections present archaeological, natural, artistic and other exhibits. One of the important areas of this institution is a cultural and spiritual enlightenment of the younger generation.

Manor of medieval Rusanin

What to see in old RUSSE in one day

Often this small town tourists visit for one day during the excursion from. In order to see the maximum to see all the sights of the old Russa and its environs, your route should look like this.
Start a walk of walk along spa "Old Russ". Here you will see:

parks;
mineral springs;

Muravyovsky fountain;
Drinking gallery.

The best attractions you want to see in the city:

manor F. M. Dostoevsky;
church of the Holy Trinity;
Resurrection Cathedral;
Savior Transfiguration Monastery;

Cathedral Square and Water Tower;
church of George Victorious;
stone prince Rus..

Complete your excursion you can interactive museum "Manor of Medieval Rusanin"who will introduce you to salt evaporation process.

Old Russo bird's eye view

To your attention a unique and interesting video photography from the view of the city of Old Russa. Happy viewing!

Where to go to the old Russa with children

Old Russa - a small provincial town, and a tourist who came to rest with children will not find here Amusement parks and attractions, popular in large megalopolis. And yet this city will find something to surprise your child:

Perhaps our readers want to complement the list of attractions of the old Russa? Be sure to write about them in the comments!

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Burning tours around the world

With the emergence of old Russa, many legends are connected and supported by the facts of scientific versions. Framers and experts agree that the name of the settlement rises to the tribe of the Rus, who lived on the shores of Lake Ilmen even before the jurisdiction of Rurik and his squad. Today, the town is a real treasury, full of monuments of jewels: medieval temples and monasteries, wooden houses With mezzanins, industrial buildings of the beginning of the 20th century, strong-quality buildings in the style of Stalin's apmaries.

In addition, one of the oldest resorts of the North-West of Russia is located in Staraya Russa. In its territory, 7 mineral springs, not inferior on healing properties similar to Germany and the Baltic States. Two of them are drinking. Next to the sources are lakes, from the bottom of which is mined a unique "old-circuit" sulphide-baby mud with biologically active substances recognized as the best among Russia and Europe's resorts on their healing properties.

How to get to Staray Russa

From Moscow to the old Russu can be reached on the direct train, next to Pskov. The compositions depart from the Leningrad station with periodicity once a day. Time on the way is about 8 hours, ticket price - from 1056 RUB, official carrier - Russian Railways. Prices on the page are shown in October 2018.

The shortest way to car from the capital is to move along the M-10 tracks (with paid plots) to St. Petersburg or free M-9 to Rzhev and further - on the Ostashkov and Demyansk.

From Saint-Petersburg

From St. Petersburg from Art. Metro "Moskovskaya" and Bus Station № 2 On the Outwater Channel to the town, buses are kiced by the buses of LLC SSAVTO, which stop at the entrance to the resort "Old Russa" and on the bus station located next to the railway station (travel time - 5- 6 hours, - 750 RUB, you can buy it from the driver or at the checkout).

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By bus from Veliky Novgorod

From the bus station of Veliky Novgorod on the street. Oktyabrskaya, 1 From 7:20 to 10:00 to Staray Russa, buses are sent, delivering passengers to a place for 1.5-2 hours and 273 RUB.

Taxi's trip to one side - from 2200 RUB.

Transport

In the city there are 14 bus linesconnecting districts and surrounding villages public transport not. Ticket worth 14 RUB can be bought from the driver. IN summer time More routes work, and the interval between them is shorter. Actual schedule lay out at. The site administration.

24-hour taxi services provide several firms, a trip price - from 80 RUB (15-30 RUB per km). If you come on a personal car, you can park in any free place. Guests of the Sanatorium "Old Russa" can take a bike for rent and go to the shore of Lake Ilmen.

Hotels Stroy Russa

About 20 hotels are taken in the town of guests. Among them are cottages, apartments, there is even one hostel. Price range - from 700 RUB per bed in a room for 4 people to 4000 RUB for a separate house under the condition of double placement. Among the most popular options can be allocated to "polis" and "viszavi", where the room for two is offered for 2000-2200 RUB per day (breakfast is included).

Sanatorium "Resort Old Russ"

The central hotel complex of the town, where tourists go targets on trips, including "full board" and therapeutic procedures. It is also possible to simply take the number for a few days and use the entire infrastructure: the beach, the pool, gym, sports and children's playgrounds, restaurant. Prices start from 3290 RUB for double accommodation.

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Treatment in old RUSSE

Sanatorium "Resort Staraya Russa" specializes in mud and mineral water therapy - on its territory 7 natural sources, various composition and properties. A variety of physiotherapeutic procedures are also widely used: electrophoresis, halochemeter, darsonvalization, UFO, laser, decimeter and amply pulse therapy. Medical services are available to customers purchasing vouchers for a period of at least 7 days.

Treatment in the "Old Rousse" will help people with diseases of the digestive, endocrine, urinary, respiratory, musculoskeletal and nervous systems. Thanks to the appropriate climate and competently selected programs, staying at the resort greatly facilitates the flow of chronic ailments of the skin and respiratory tract. In addition, since the beginning of the 19th century, it is successfully coped with the states of permanent stress, overwork caused by the anemia of weakness and protracted depressions.

In addition to therapeutic, spa treatments are available, visiting AquaErobic and LFC classes, cosmetology sessions.

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What to bring: souvenirs

In addition to standard magnets, mugs depicting famous attractions and postcards with a portrait of F. M. Dostoevsky, tourists buy a salt made in old recipes, honey with local apiary, gingerbread and Ivan tea, made of collected in the vicinity of herbs. Souvenirs are sold in urban stores or museums, where the product range is much wider and you can choose an original thing.

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In September, on Cathedral Square and local Central market Fair is going through where the products of the surrounding farms are brought: all the same honey, vegetables, fruits, jam, berries. At this time, you can buy smoked fish caught in polysty, ruddy pies, pancakes and pancakes.

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Cafes and restaurants old Russa

The choice of places for food in the old Russa is quite wide: several dozen cafe, sushi bars, confectionery and canteens. In a rather democratic cafe Panorama Lounge, Ilmen and "Friends" with a standard European and Russian cuisine, a middle check - 400-600 RUB (plus 100-120 RUB, if you additionally take alcohol). In the budget diner "Dubrava" serves a satisfying and unpretentious "Table" food for 150-300 RUB for meals from 2-3 dishes and drink.

To the establishments of the Food can be attributed to the pizzeria on the street. Mineral, 38, pancake "orange" and a cafe "Sushi-Food", where quite a hearty lunch will cost within 150-250 RUB.

Entertainment and attractions

In 2015, the Old Russa noted the 1000th anniversary. Her richest historical and cultural heritage attracts fans of ancient church architecture and classical architecture. Lovers of bright spectacles Direct road to the August Folklore Festival "Princess frant", which is the reconstruction of the Middle Ages with fairs, a fiery show and solemn processions. Well, the admirers of Dostoevsky's creativity can come in October to the international festival of chamber performances.

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The interesting landmark of the city is open in 1854. This is a 10-meter pillar of mineral water driving straight from the ground.

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Of the more modern monuments, it is worth noting the water tower of the beginning of the 19th century at the Cathedral Square, built of red bricks with elements of Gothic, the fire station with the calane and the building of the Polytechnic College - samples of the industrial architecture of the beginning of the 20th century.

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It was not without a monument to F. M. Dostoevsky, who installed on the territory of a small square at the intersection of ul. Svarog and red commanders.

Savior Transfiguration Monastery

The oldest monument of architecture of Old Russa - Spassky Cathedral of the Transfiguration Monastery. The monastery itself was founded in 1192. Not far from the right bank of the Polysty River, the complex of monastery buildings was formed by the 17th century. Currently, all structures are restored, in the cathedral you can see fragments of the frescoes of 15-17 centuries. In the premises of the monastery, the exposition of the Old Museum of Local Lore Museum was posted.

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Resurrection Cathedral

In 1371, residents of Russa built a stone church of the "patron of trade" by the Stone Church of Trade Square to Nikolai Milliki. It is impossible not to mention not so an ancient, but superbly delivered at the merger of Polysty and the Revocation of the Resurrection Cathedral (1692-1696). Here is the icon of the Intercession of the Virgin - the patroness of the city.

The acting Trinity Church on Street T. Frunze is distinguished by pronounced symmetry, the rigor and harmony of the longline composition.

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St. George Church

St. George Church is a real decoration of the street of the same name. It stores the main shrine of the city - the icon of the Mother of the Mother "Starus", presented by the inquins greek city Oliviopole. At the end of St. George, the street is a small, but very remarkable four-headed building of the cubic form - the church of the Great Millet (14th century). Due to the lack of the dome in it it is difficult to learn the temple. Almost all over the height of the walls, an ancient laying of a red sequent and white limestone has been preserved.

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Museums of old Russe

The city has a house-museum F. M. Dostoevsky. The great Russian writer came to the old RUSSU in 1872 and for 8 years she was for him and his family a permanent holiday destination. Genuine things, documents and books belonging to the writer are kept in the museum. In this house, the novels "Brothers Karamazov", "Demons" and other works were written.

In memory of Dostoevsky, the "House of Hearsh" is also preserved here - a monument of the 19th century architecture on Glebova Street (previously - the embankment of the launchers). He received the name by the name living in it, the Muzhikova, which became the prototype of the Svetlovy's pear in the novel of the Dostoevsky "Brothers of the Karamazov".

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In the "Middle Ages Rusanin Manor", guests will get acquainted with the life and lifeguards of the Gorodauscan-Skivar.

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Weather

The optimal time for a visit to the old RUSSU - July and August, when the comfortable daily temperature is fixed +25 ° C. These are the most suitable months for inspection of remarkable places, fishing, boat and cycling trip. In the fall and in the spring there is a diverse and rainy at the expense of the close location of Lake Ilmen, but tourists are much smaller than in summer season. The most unsuccessful time is winter with a frequent change of periods of strong frosts and thaws, as well as with constant 100% humidity.

Bristian history of the city

The first mention of the old Russa is contained in one of the birchy diplomas found during excavations in the city.

Old Russ is located in the Novgorod region. There is a city in the fall into the river Polyst, its largest tributary - the river of the order, referred to as in the city of the launch.

The first chronicle mention of Old Russa refers to 1167. However, Rus was also mentioned in the Berevian diploma of the early 1970s of the XI century.

"... Brother Slovenov Rus was in place on the spot with some part of Slovenska Velikago, Yako Stadium 50 from the Soleny Student, and create a hail between the Twight Rekama, and naschard his Rus, Izh and Dynun is called Rus Old."

The city immediately began to rich and build thanks to the trade (the city stood on the waterway "from Varyag to Greeks"), crafts and mainly welded salt from local sources.

Initially, the city was located as part of the Novgorod lands. In the XII - XIII centuries. The old Russ was attacked by Lithuanian princes, in 1234 he was taken by the troops of the Livonian Order, but was released by citizens.

In 1478, the Russian king Ivan III joined the city to the Moscow State together with Novgorod lands. In the XV century, the city has a state salvation (for the needs of the state treasury), which enriched the city even more.

By the middle of the XVI century, the old Russa in the number of residents and the number of courtyards was the fourth in the Russian state after Moscow, Pskov and Novgorod. Then the old Russ was almost erased from the face of the Earth at the end of the XVI - beginning. The XVII centuries, during the military hikes of the king of Ivan the Terrible and in troubled times: in 1608 the city seized Falseedmitriy II squads, and in 1611 - Swedes. And in the city there were only 38 inhabitants, but according to the command of the king Alexei Mikhailovich, the city was restored in the middle of the XVI century.

The city was visited twice the emperor Peter and there was a lot of accommodate the development of salt and forest industry: in the vicinity of the city, oak wood was bought for shipbuilding.

1831 was terrible for the city: the cholera epidemic broke out here and there was a bloody "holester riot" when the soldiers and gentlemen killed officers and drugs, suspecting them in intentional poisoning of people.

During the Great Patriotic War for almost three years, from August 9, 1941 to February 18, 1944, the city occupied the Germans, he was very destroyed, but later rebuilt.

Old healing salts
The healing natural properties of salt mineral springs made the city of Old Russa popular therapeutic resort.

The townspeople themselves prefer to call Rushans (Rushan, Rushanin, Rushanka). This self-setting is from the gray old antique: it is known that the Savior Preobrazhensky Monastery founded in the XII century a local man of Martyri, called Rushanin.

Old Russa is one of the oldest resorts. Back in 1828, the metropolitan doctors began to recommend local mineral water for treatment. For the convenience of wealthy patients, the first resort in the middle lane in Russia was opened here, and it became fashionable to ride "on the water", and relatively close compared to the Caucasus or Western Europe.

Also nearby the sources are mud lakes, where the sulphide-baby mud "Starus" with biologically active substances is extracted.

The resort is famous not only by the healing force of mineral waters, but also in the fact that at different times there were outstanding cultural figures of Russia: a writer and critic N. A. Dobrolyubov, the poet K. M. Fofanov, composer E. F. Director, artist B. M. Kustodiev, Writer M. Gorky.

In the ground, the old Russa is not only mineral waters: the excavations of archaeologists found that the thickness of the cultural layer reaches 6 meters, and in the historical core of the city - on the Seredki Square, where the accumulation of the layer began not later than the middle of the XI century, 26 tiers of wooden pavement were found. Nakhodka, which brought international fame, - Berevian diplomas, dated XI - XV centuries, for which not only the life of that era was recreated, but even the local Dialect of the Old Russian language was studied.

Surprisingly, the fact: the city almost miraculously retained his historical appearance, despite many wars. The greatest damage architecture of Old Russa caused the Second World War: Many buildings burned down, out of 2960 residential buildings there were only three.

The oldest monument of the architecture of the city is the Spassky Cathedral of the Transfiguration Monastery, founded back in 1192. The structure of the monastery belonging to the XVII century has survived to this day.

In the St. George Church, the Old Russian Mother of God, revered by parishioners miraculous.

The Nikolsk Church of the XIV century was delivered by citizens in many respects with practical purposes: the market square was located nearby, and the merchants - their own and travel were to protect the saint patron of trade in Nikolai Mirlijsky.

In Staray Russa, the Great Russian writer Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881), who lived here in 1872 - 1875 and in 1880, coming together with family to rest. The writer loved the old RUSSU very much, and she appears not in one of his works, albeit under different names. The house-museum of the writer stands on the shore of the rest.

Each spring in Old Rousse is held international old-Russian readings "Dostoevsky and Modernity", and each autumn is the international festival of chamber performances on the works of Dostoevsky.

ATTRACTIONS

Historical:

The town of Old Russ (XI-XV centuries).
Water Tower (1909).
Monument to "Valland Wilmanstrands" ("Eagle", 1913).

Natural:

Spring Spring Source.

Cult:

Church in the name of the Savior Transfiguration of the Lord (1198).
The Church of the Great Military Minister (XIV century).
Nikolskaya Church (Nikolai Mirlijsky, 1371).
St. George Church (XV century).
Church of the Holy Trinity (1680).
Resurrection Cathedral.
The Okrug Church (Church of the Holy Spirit, 1797).

Architectural:

Popova House (end of the XVIII century).
Resort park.
"House of Hearsh" (XIX century).
Live bridge.

Cultural:

House Museum F. M. Dostoevsky.
Museum of the history of the resort "Old Russ".
Old Russian Museum.
Museum of the North-West Front.

Curious facts

On the river of the order, there are more than forty settlements, but the largest is the city of Old Russ. Presumably the last kilometer of the order before the shift in polishes has artificial origin, and the direction of the very order itself, called Mapashka, goes to the right and disappears in the east of the city. Why and by whom a restrain was created, it is not known.

According to the local legend, the Polysty River gave the name of the prince of Rus - the hero "Tale of Slovenia and Ruse and the city of Slovensk", the mythical founder of the old Russa - in honor of his wife Polina. There is a simpler explanation: the word "polis" has ancient European roots and literally means "swamp, drier, a quagger."

The eastural icon of the Mother of God in Old Rousse is the largest remote icon in the world: height - 278 cm, width - 202 cm.
Russian writer Fedor Dostoevsky, being in Staraya Russa, described the city in the novel "The Brothers of the Karamazov" called Scotophanevsk. In the house, which is now turned into a museum, Fedor Dostoevsky also wrote the novels "demons" and "Teenager".

The "House of Pearsh" in Old Rosse was named so named Agrippina Little - Prototype Svetlova in the Roman of Fyodor Dostoevsky "Brothers Karamazov".

The description of the coat of arms of the old Russa from 1781 in accuracy reflects the natural wealth of the city: "... In the red field, the iron frying pan on which salt is boiled, put on a brick cruise stove, in the scene in the city there are a certain salt of the princes."

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