The most luxurious palace in the city of Fatechpur Sicry. All about the holiday in Fatechpur Sicry

Not far from Agrie is small city On Mount - Fatechpur Sicry. This city arose during the reign of the Third Great Mogola - Akbar. He diligently tried to make a child, but none of the three wives could have become pregnant. He learned that the Sufi sage was living on Mount near the city of Sicry - Salim clever. This Sufi blessed him and his son was born, the next great Mogul - Jahangir. In honor of this great event, Akbar built a Fatehabad city right on this mountain, which is now called Fatechpur Sicry. And for some time this city on the equal to the agroy was the capital of the Empire. One of the features of the city is the first city that mogly built according to plan.

1. This is a sofa-and-has - a place for personal meetings of the ruler.

2. Inside this sofa is a column on which the ruler resembled. One of the features in the construction of this city is a mixture of several architectural styles that can be trapped directly on this column: Hindu, Islamic, Persian, Jainsky.

3. Immediately for the sofa-and-has there is a capacity for collecting rainwater. By the way, the city was left in just 14 years of life in him. There was no water on the mountain, and to deliver it upstairs at that time was a big problem. 15 years built to live in it for 14 years.

4. From this basin perfectly visible the elephant tower. It was built on the site of the burial of the beloved elephant of the ruler.

5. Next to the audience location, there was a treasure.

6. And this is a safe of those times.

7. Each of the three wives of the emperor had his own separate palace. This small palace of his Turkish wife.

8. It may seem that it is quite small, but this is the most beautiful building on finishing throughout the complex. Small spool but precious!

9. The inner structure of the palace. Room 5 5 meters. Not more.

10. As the guide said, the animals "behead" orthodox Islamists. According to Islam standards, it is forbidden to depict living beings on any surface. And again mixing styles - from the bottom in the pattern of Hindu swastiki.

11. In front of the Pond Pond, in the center of which the musicians performed.

12. Right opposite the Palace of the Turkish wife, there was a place to meet with residents of Harem. Before this building is such an interesting design. Inside this thing, Zhgli incense and their wind rushed to the place.

13. Bed where the emperor was waiting for mistress. Through the main entrance, they were prohibited, therefore, a special secret entrance was made for them - immediately in the bedroom.

14. This is the house of the Christian wife Akbar. The location of the rooms in the house is made in the form of a cross.

15. Earlier inside were frescoes. Before our time they almost did not reach.

16. Despite the fact that each of the wives had his own separate small palace, they also had one big overall.

17. For a Hinda wife, a temple was made on the territory and a separate kitchen, where "Pure Vegetarian Food" was preparing.

18. And this is Punch-Mahal - the wind palace. Place for relaxation of royal specials.

19. Royal Gate to Jama Masjid, a local mosque. The mosque name is identical to the name of the mosque in Delhi.

20. Before entering, it is necessary to take over. I wonder how then in this pile of shoes are looking for your pair? ;)

21. View of the royal gate from the inside.

22. Immediately inside the cemetery

23. Some graves are located almost on the square itself before the mosque. Therefore, be sure to look under your feet. If I am not mistaken, then the graves with such a BRUS end meant that a man is buried here.

24. During our visit, a mosque was reconstructed. White building in the distance, the mausoleum of that very suffusion saint - Salim clever. A place where you can make three desires and they will be executed.

25. But in order for them to be fulfilled, you need to make a certain ritual for which special covers, flowers and thread will be required. Come inside the mausoleum is necessary with a covered head. After giving covered the servant inside, he puts it on the tomb of the Sufia, after reading the prayer and you put the flowers on the bedspread. Next, you tie on the stained glass threads into three nodes and pass the desires along the way. For me, this place was the first lesson for surviving tourists in India. The guide summed up to the seller of all the necessary ingredients of the ritual, which a mystical voice told us about the ritual, professionally played on our respect for the holy place and spiritual values, and after handing it all the necessary and requested all 1200 rupees (800 rubles), but gave us For 1000. My inner "I" was displeased with such a reversal of events and wanted to quickly go from this place. What a pity that human greed spoils the impression of such places.

26. One of the main attractions of Fatechpur Sicry is the biggest gate in Asia - Bouong Darwaz. View from the inside.

27. Outside, I did not go down to the foot of the foot, but only photographed the bee hives, which are located right under the dome of the gate.

28. Looking at the main sights, we went back to our taxi. On the way to my argument, a local mother and a daughter and dogs were hit, which surrounded them.

29. Our path lay in a pink city - Jaipur. Painted Indian trucks on the state border.

30. I liked the Indian approach to paid roads. The main routes for which we traveled were in good condition. The staff of Rajasthan began behind the barrier.

In the next post Jaipur.

The city is a municipal district in Uttar Pradesh in India. During the reign of Akbar I in the 16th century was the capital of the Mogolskaya Empire, in the future due to unfavorable natural conditions (Disadvantage water resources) Lost this status. In the 20th century (1986), the abandoned city entered.

Fatechpur Sicry, Study History

Shah Gellal Ed Din Mohammed, the great-grandmother of Tamerlana, known as Akbar (i.e. "the Great"), Rules of India about 50 years - from 1556 to 1605. For this for a long time, Akbar managed to try himself in different amplua - he was poet and philosopher, builder and warlord, politician and religious reformer. He tried to create a new single religion of the country, supporting the idea of \u200b\u200ba philosopher of Kamabi about the merger of Islam with Hinduism and on the inclusion of teachings, jenism and Christianity in a new faith.

However, in practice it resulted in the ordinary cult of the personality of the Akbar himself, who declared himself the "last prophet" of some "Divine Faith." According to the prescriptions of the "Prophet", it was not allowed to eat beef, killing cows, abide by the post a month Ramadan and perform pilgrimage to Mecca. It was forbidden to shave the beard, buried the dead head aside and give the name Muhammed. It was also forbidden to choke new mosques, and it was possible to pray only in those temples that the Akbar found himself.

Without having no other soil, except for the dreams of a weak person. Obsessed painful pride, this artificial "divine faith" melted as smoke after the death of Akbar, without leaving behind the slightest trace. The only monument of this era became dead city Fatechpur Sicry - former capital Shaha Akbar, located 36 km to the west of.

Akbar for a long time chose a place to build a new capital. Former centers - Delhi, Agra and - did not suit him because of the presence of a mosper's opposition: the vast majority and Muslims, and Hindus with bewilderment and disapproval looked at the exercises of the newly "prophet." As a result, Akbar commanded to build a new capital in a completely deserted place, on the shore of a small lake.

The city was built according to a single project. The most skilled masters were brought here from a variety of edges and countries of the world, but their skill was largely negotiated by the installation of Akbar for the construction of giant cyclopeous structures, with their archaic-reminiscent of the construction of the bronze century.

The main work lay on the shoulders of 20 thousand slaves and prisoners, by order of Akbar stuck huge monoliths from red sandstone, from which walls and towers of the city were folded without the use of a fastening solution. Because of the colors of these stones, Fatechpur-Sicry is often called " Red city».

The fate of the capital of Akbar, which he is magnificent Fatechpur - "City of Victory"was tragicomic. 14 years after the price of incredible efforts the city was built, and a completely unexpected lake, which was the only source of water for the whole of the terrain, went underground.

In India, such phenomena happened and happening quite often. Opponents of Akbar openly laughed: after all, the "all-knowing prophet" so carefully chose a place for his capital! The people were convinced that these are the gods of India punished Akbar for his exorbitant pride. The same was said to the followers of Islam, only the kara sent to Fathfur, naturally attributed to Allah.

Throughout three hundred years, the city of Fatechpur Sicry remained abandoned. Palaces and houses overgrown with dense liaans and thistle. People managed the dead city side as damned place, afraid to approach him. Wild animals were wandered through the streets of the former Shah residence, there were countless snakes and vultures.

And only at the end of the XIX century, the construction of the capital of Akbar was cleared of thickets. Later, nearby rose a small village - Sicry. Water here is still brought only on cars ...

Fatechpur-Sicry, Architecture and Attractions

The city in which almost no one lived was preserved in the same form as during the life of Akbar. On a high plateau where his walls and palaces come out, leads a multi-stage, apparent endless, staircase, over which the ruins of 27-meter Victory Gate ("Bulvand Darwaz"), once noted the main entrance to the cathedral mosque of Fatekhpur. This is one of the biggest and beautiful mosques in India.

All of her buildings are built of dark red sandstone and decorated with openwork décor from white and black marble. The squeezer courtyard of the mosque is 181 × 158 m. The white grasses Sheikh Selim Chishti, the confessor and advisor to Akbar remained here.

Also here you can see Mausoleum Islam-Khan.

South entrance to the mosque decorate the luxurious "gates of magnificence" (43 × 20 m.).

The residence of Akbar is a few large and small courtyards connected to each other, surrounded by residential and economic buildings, harem premises, etc. In the center of the whole ensemble is the palace with throne hall - Mahal-I-Haz. Its dimensions are 90 × 130 m.

The most beautiful building of Fatekhpur is rightfully considered elegant summer Palace Panch Mahalconsisting of five tiers of open terraces with excellent views of the neighborhood of the city. From three sides, the Shah residence surrounds the fortress wall with a thickness of 2.4 and a height of 9.6 m with a four gates, decorated with six-pointed stars and focused on four sides of the world.

The entire complex of the Palace of Akbar corresponds to the atmosphere, which reigned at the courtyard of the shavily tyrant. Here, for example, strange playground In the center of one of the courtyards marked like a chessboard. This is a really chessboard - here played in Pachchisi, the genus of Indian chess. Only the figures in the game served live people dressed in appropriately. They walked along this board, as ordinary chess pieces walk, obeying the orders of Shah and his rivals on the game.

Here is another construction that resembles a hut on the bitter legs or a dwelling of the nightingale-robber: a mighty column, on the top of which a carved wooden gazebo is arranged. She snaps in the center of the round room, at the top of which the open gallery is laid. This is the Meeting Hall of the State Council ("Sofa-i-Haz").

Days of the Shah and his closest advisers were moved from the gallery in a gazebo but with special moves, which were then retired for consupporting secrecy. Sitting in this nest at the top of the post, Shah and his close-up discussed and solved the most important affairs of the empire.

In the farthest corner of the Akbara residence is an ivory courtyard, surrounded from all sides high towers. They served as peculiar theatrical legs, from where the Shah and his numerous retinue could observe the brood of the elephants or various wild animals.

There were also terrible executions, who personally invented the cruel and cunning "prophet." Convicted to death were driven into this square courtyard, where there were no ways to save. The targets of the gate were opened, the wild elephant was produced, and the Shah could observe the obvious outcome of the duel of the unarmed victim with an enraged animal. However, sometimes the elephant turned out to be humanely Shah and refused to persecute the convict - then he was considered justified and released.

In general, Akbar did a great look at the elephants, which, obviously, hit the imagination of this descendant of the sons of Mongolian steppes. A desert valley is clearly visible from the walls of the fortress, where the lake once splashed, so the capital of Akbar was so insidious. There is a tower on his shore Hiran Minarbuilt by Shah in honor of the beloved elephant who died on the hunt.

Leaving Fatechpur, the traveler is experiencing a double feeling: the grandeur and fantastic pleasure of this structure - the creations of the hands of human, built on the blood and bones of the multi-volume army of slaves, is indisputable, surprising.

At the same time, one can see here than actually it was for the Indian people two hundred years of Mogolov's domination. The monstrous and at the same time the fascinating brainchild of Akbar is a vivid evidence of innumerable human disasters and suffering.

The abandoned city of Fatechpur-Sicry is located 35 km from Agra. His name is translated as "City of Victory".

In about this place, the founder of the Dynasty of the Great Mughal Babur won the Hindu Raja Raja San. Grandson of Babur, Akbar The Great built this city at the end of the 16th century and moved there to the capital.

There is a legend that Akbar built a city in a place where Holy Sufi Salim lived, thanks to the blessing of which a previously had no heir to Akbar had 3 sons.

However, Fatechpur Sicry was the capital only 14 years old, from 1571 to 1585. Akbar was forced to transfer his residence to the north of his empire, to Lahore, to be closer to the theater of the war with the Afghans. And the courtyard moved to the neighboring agent for security. Gradually, the city was abandoned, as it is believed - due to water problems. A, maybe Akbar simply lost interest to him. India is a rich country, and abandoned for any reason the city is not rare. Think, they will build a city of 15 years. Build another, business.

So worth this a beautiful city Empty already four hundred and more years in their original form. Due to the fact that the city was recognized by UNESCO as an object world HeritageAnd thanks to the concerns of the Indian state it seems that the city will leave only yesterday.

Walk in the city

Our bus through the gate in the fortress wall is missing us to ticket cassass. For 500 rupees we bought tickets, moved to a special excursion buswhich delivered us to the abandoned city.

Built from red sandstone Fatechpur-Sicry is great.

There are few tourists, or they are lost on spacious urban streets.

Streets are clean, lawns and gardens are well maintained.

In some places restoration work. Eastern burrow as if spilled on his deserted streets. Wonderful stone patterns in which the combination of Hindu and Muslim traditions is manifested. This is generally characteristic of the Mogolskaya page of Indian history. Nevertheless, the animal faces are seamless, which is obviously a concession of Muslim rules.

No one prohibits tourists to meditate or to try on the bed of Padishah.

Full water pools contradict the version of the lack of water.

The only thing that spoals the picture somewhat is the impression of some theatricality, as if it is not real walls, but scenery. Apparently, in 14 years, the city was not fully felt, and it feels.

The most beautiful sights of Fatechpur

From all seen in Fahtepur I remembered:

house with 4 turrets, the so-called sofa and am - for the arrangements of the ruler with the subjects

an amazing department with 36 supports in the Sofa-I Has Palace, sitting on which Padishah received vassals and ambassadors of foreign states

Panch-Mahal - Openwork five-story building

pond Anup Talao (unmatched pond) - on the central platform of the pond once loved to relax Akbar.

It is impressive a huge stone bed in the Palace of Doolet Khan (Rentious Goodness). On this bed, the height of 2 meters of Padishah met with wives. At such a bed, Akbar could sleep with all the wives at once.

Pradesh 40 km. from agra. The empty city is perfectly preserved is the pearl of Mogoli architecture, and not just a tourist attraction - he is listed in the register of world heritage.

History Fatechpur Sicry
The city was the capital of Mughal Empire at the age of 15 between 1570 and 1586 and after he had never served as the place of stay of the Mogoli emperors.

Emperor Akbar rules from 1556 to 1605. Despite the fact that he had three wives, none could give birth to his son and heir. Then Akbar arrived in Fatechpur to meet with the Muslim Saints, Sufi mystical Sheikh Salim Chishti. Holy reassured emperor, then he will have at least 3 sons. A year later, the first son was born in Akbara. In gratitude, Akbar called Salim's son (later known as Jahangir) named Saint, and moved his capital from Agri here and built the capital exactly what he wanted to see her.
Two more sons were born later, but after 15 years Akbar and his courtyard were forced to leave the city.

It is believed that Fatechpur Sicry was empty because she left, but the exact cause is unknown. that its water supply was incapable of supporting his population was not widely recognized. Next to the city, north-west of Fatechpur, is located, reaching 20 km in the circumference. A more likely explanation is that the city was a victim of unforeseen circumstances - shortly after that the new capital was completed a threat to Punjab, and Akbar moved to Lahore, to control the hostilities, where he lived for about 10 years, after which he returned to His old and caught up by the capital Agru.

Be that way, the inhabitants left a beautiful city, perhaps due to this, it has been preserved in an almost primordial look.

Rejecting the Hindu tradition of coordination of the Plan of the city in the directions of the Parties to the Light, Akbar built his new capital in line with natural features terrain, therefore the main street, urban walls, and many important buildings are addressed to the southwest and northeast. Mosque and most private houses do not lie on the main axis, and addressed to the west towards Mecca, in accordance with Muslim traditions, and crowned higher point Range.

Fatechpur-Sicry is a city near Agra in the north of India, which in the second half of the XVI century was the capital of the Great Mughal Empire, when the most famous Emperor Akbar is the Great.

Fatechpur-Sicry was the capital of only 14 years, and then the emperor, together with his retinue, officials and servants left this city and deprived him of such a high status due to the lack of water sources (according to some historians).

Fatechpur-Sicry, it means the city of Victory. He received such a name after Emperor Babur won the big battle with Indians not far from Agra. So the Muslims won the north of India in the Hindus.

After the emperor departure, the city began to decline gradually, and his beautiful palaces, fortresses and mosques began to collapse. However, near Fatechpur Sicry people live today, an ordinary municipal settlement is located.

In the late eighties of the last century, this city was listed in famous list UNESCO as cultural and historical monumentToday, he is one of the main attractions of Agra and is under the protection of the state.

Architecture

In Fatechpur Sicry, there are many buildings that combine architectural styles Mugol, Persians and Indians, because For their construction, architects of different schools from different parts of India were involved.

Its closely intertwined elements of the architecture of the cult buildings of various religious beliefs, which were committed to Indian tribes and peoples of the time: Islam, Jaisinum, Hindu Piazza. Most of the red sandstone buildings.

Tourists can see the famous drum house (Nabath-Khan), the sofa hall, where the guests of the emperor, the five-story Panch-Mahal Palace, the Jama Masměžil Mosque, built in Hindu style, etc.

Excursions

Here every year come on excursions millions of tourists. To their guides, it is fairly easy to find a Russian-speaking guide. His participation in the excursion is important that you can learn the history, culture and architecture of this unique city in more detail.