Himalayas with what countries is bordered. Where are the Himalayas: geographical position, description, height

Himalayas are replete with a huge number of rocky, almost vertical slopes for which it is very difficult to get climbing, you have to use all sorts of technical devices in the form of crowning hooks, ropes, special stairs and other climbing equipment. Often, rocky ledges alternate deep cracks, and there is so much snow on the slopes of the mountains, that he over time is compressed and turns into glaciers, covering these cracks, which makes the passage of these places deadly. There are no rare cases of convergence of snow and ice, which, rushing down, turn into huge avalanches that demolish everything in their path and can crush climbers in seconds.

The air temperature in the Himalayas, during the rise to the height decreases for every 1000 meters by about 6 degrees. So if at the foot of the summer, the temperature is +25, then at an altitude of 5000 meters it will be about -5.

At the height, the movements of the air masses are usually strengthened, often turning into a hurricane wind, which makes it difficult to move, and sometimes it makes it impossible, especially on narrow ridges of the mountain ranges.

Starting from a height of 5000 meters, the atmosphere contains approximately half of the oxygen at sea level, to which the human body is accustomed. The lack of oxygen is destructive on the human body, dramatically reduces its physical capabilities and leads to the development of the so-called mountainous disease - shortness of breath, dizziness, chills and interruptions in the work of the heart. Therefore, usually at this height, the human body needs time to acclimatize.

At the height of 6000 meters atmosphere is so discharged and poor oxygen that complete acclimatization is no longer possible. No matter what physical exertion is a person, he begins to slow down. The rise at a height of 7,000 meters for many is already deadly dangerous, the consciousness begins to be confused at such a height and even thinking it becomes difficult. The height of 8000 meters is called the "Death Zone". Here, even the strongest climbers can survive at best for just a few days. Therefore, all high-rise ascents are carried out using respiratory oxygen apparatus.

But here are representatives of the Nepalese Sherpi tribe that are constantly living in the Himalayas, at the height feel quite comfortable and therefore, as soon as the Europeans began to "master" the mountain peaks of Himalayas, the men of this tribe began to work in expeditions by conductors and porters, receiving a fee for this. Over time, it became their main profession. By the way, Sherp Tencing Norki Parabe with Edmund Hillary was the first to rise to the top of Himalayas - Everest, the highest mountain in the world.

But all, these sometimes deadly, dangers did not stop the enthusiasts of the mountaineering. It took not one decade that all these vertices would be conquered. Here is a brief horology of ascent on the highest mountains of our planet.

1950, June 3 - Annapurn

French climbers Maurice Erzog, Louis Lashenal rose to Annapurn's peak, which is 8091 meters. Anapure is considered the seventh of the highest mountains in the world. Located in Nepal, in the Himalayas to the east of the Gandaka River flowing through the deepest gorge in the world. The gorge shares Annapurnu and another eight-thousand meter of Dhaulaagi.

Climbing anampur is considered one of the most complex climbing in the world. With that, this is the only conquest of the eight-thousandths that was committed from the first time, and besides without oxygen apparatus. However, their feat was a high price. Since they were shods only in leather boots, Erzog froze all the fingers on the legs and because of the gangrene began, the doctor of the expedition was forced to be amputate them. For all the time, only 191 people successfully rose on Annapurna, it was less than any other eighties. The climbing on Annapurna is considered the most dangerous, with a mortality of 32 percent, like any other eight-year-old.

1953, May 29 - Everest "Jomolungma"

Participants in the English expedition of New Zelandets Edmund Hillary and Nekheva Nagyi Tenzing were the first to conquer Everest - a top of 8848 m. In Tibetan, this mountain is called Jomolungma, which means "Goddess Mother of Snow." Nepalese her name "Sagarmatha", that is, the "mother of the Universe". This is the most high mountain in the world. At the border of Nepal and China.

Everest is a triangular pyramid with three sides and with ridges that extend to the northeast, southeast and northwest. Southeast ridge more canvas and is the most widely used route for climbing. It is this route to the top through the Khumba glacier, the valley of silence, from the foot of Lhotz through the southern saddle, won their first ascent of Hillary and tension. And for the first time to commit an ascent to Everest tried by the British back in 1921. They then could not go from the south side, due to the ban of the Nepalese authorities and tried to rise from the north, from Tibet. To do this, they had to go the whole mountain massif Jomolungma, having passed more than 400 kilometers to get to the top of China. But the time for bypass was lost and the beginning of the monso did not make it possible to climb. After them, the second attempt on the same route was made by the British climbers George Lee Mallory and Andrew Irwin, who, too, was unsuccessful, who ended with the death of both at an altitude of 8,500 meters.

Despite their reputation extremely dangerous MountainThe commercial foundation for Everest, over the past few decades has made it very popular entertainment for tourists. According to the latest data, 5656 successful entries were made to Everest, at the same time 223 people died. Mortality amounted to about 4 percent.

1953, July 3 - Nangarbat

Peak located in the north of Pakistan in the western part of the Himalayas. This is the ninth height of the eight-thousandth, 8126 meters. This peak has such steep slopes that even snow does not hold on its top. In the language of Urdu Nangarbarbat means "Naked Mountain". The first on the peak rose Austrian climber Herman Boulev Member of the German Austrian Himalayan Expedition. Climbing committed alone, without an oxygen apparatus. The climbing time to the vertices was 17 hours, and with a descent of 41 hours. It was the first successful climbing for 20 years of attempts, before which 31 waters were already died there.

According to the latest data, 335 successful ascents were committed in total on Nangarbat. 68 climbing participants died. Mortality is about 20 percent, which makes it the third in danger of the eight thousand.

1954, July 31 - Choir, "K2", "Dapsang"

The first to the top of the K2, the second at the top of the top of the world, the Italian climbers were climbing Laconelli and Akille Companions. Although attempts to conquer K2 began in 1902.

Peak Choir or Other Dapsang - 8611 meters high, is located on the Baltoro Muztag Ridge in the Karakorum Mountainside, on the border of Pakistan and China. The unusual name K2, this mountain received in the 19th century, when the British expedition was measured by the height of the peaks of Himalayas and Karakorum. Each newly measured peak was given a sequence number. K2 was the second mountain, on which they stumbled upon and since then it was allowed for her name for a long time. Local residents calls this lamp Phar, which means "High Mountain" in translating. Despite the fact that the K2 is lower than Everest, it turned out more difficult to climb it. For all the time on K2 there were only 306 successful ascents. When attempts to climb, 81 people died. Mortality is about 29 percent. K2 are not rarely called the migrant

1954, October 19 - Cho-Oyu

The first on the peak rose members of the Austrian Expedition: Herbert Tihi, Joseph Yohler and Sherp Pazan Dava Lama. The top of Cho-Oyu is located in the Himalayas, on the border of China and Nepal, in the Mahalangur Himal mountain range, Jomolungma mountain range, approximately 20 km west of Everest Mountain.

Cho-ohu, on Tibetan means "goddess turquoise." He has a height of 8201 meters, it is the sixth height of the eight-thousandth. A few kilometers to the west of Cho-Oyu is the $ 5716 m. This pass pass from Nepal to Tibet laid by sherpami as the only trading pathway. Because of this, the pass, many climbers consider cho, the easiest eight-year-old. This is partly true, because all the ascents are committed from Tibet. But from the side of Nepal, the South Wall is so complicated that it was possible to conquer units.

In total, 3138 people safely rose safely, this is more than any other peak besides Everest. Mortality is 1%, less than any other. It is considered the safest eight-thousandth.

1955, May 15 - Macal

For the first time, the French Jean Kuzi and Lionel Terre rose to the top of Makalu. The climbing on Makal was the only one in the history of the conquest of eight-thousandnes, when the vertices reached all nine participants of the expedition and including the Senior Sherry Explorer groups. This happened not because Makalu is such a light mountain, but because it turned out to be extremely successful weather and nothing prevented the climbers to achieve this triumph.

Macanal 8485 meters high, the fifth mountain in the world in the world, is located just 20 kilometers southeast of Everest. In Tibetan, Makali means "big black". Such an unusual name is given to this mountain. Because the slopes of her very cool and the snow is simply not held on them, so it remains bare most of the year.

Winning Makalu turned out to be quite difficult. In 1954, it tried to make the American team led by Edmund Hillary, the first person rising to Everest, but they could not succeed. And only the French after a large preparatory work and the coordinated work of the team managed to implement it. In total, for all time on Makal, 361 people successfully rose, while 31 people were killed when attempting to climb. Muski mortality in macales about 9 percent.

1955, May 25 - Kanchenjang

The first successfully climbed the British climbers George Band and Joe Brown. Before climbing, local residents warned climbers that the Sikkimsky God lives on the top of this mountain and it is impossible to disturb it. They refused to accompany the expedition and the British went to ascent independently. But then, due to superstition, then for what reason, rising to the top, they did not reach a few feet to the top, calculating that the vertex is conquered.

Kanchenzhanga is located on the border of Nepal and India, about 120 kilometers south of Everest. The name "Kanchenjang" translated from Tibetan means "Treasury of five great snows". Until 1852, Kanchenzhanga was considered the most high mountain in the world. But after Everest was measured and the other eighties, it turned out that it was the third top height in the world, its height is 8586 meters.

Another legend is in Nepal says that Kanchenzhanga is a mountain-woman. And women should not go to her under the fear of death. Of course climbers people are not superstitious, but nevertheless only one woman climbing British Jenet Harrison rose on her top for all the time. All would anything, but after a year and a half, Jenet Harrison died during the ascent on Dhaulagiri. For all the time, 283 mountaineers successfully rose on Kanchenjang. From those attempted to rise 40 people died. The mortality rate of about 15 percent.

1956, May 9 - Manasl

The mountain is 8163 meters high, the eighth graffitiic height. Attempts to rise to this peak were several. The first time in 1952, when the Swiss and French teams entered the championship of conquering Everest, the Japanese decided to conquer for the start in Nepal about 35 kilometers east of Annapurna Peak Manasl. They grew all the approaches and outlined the route. For the next 1953, they began to climb. But the fleeing Purga broke all their plans and they were forced to retreat.

When in 1954 returned, the local Nepalese fell against them, referring to the fact that the Japanese were defiled by the gods and caused their anger, because after the departure of the previous expedition, their village suffered misfortune: there was an epidemic, cropped, the temple was destroyed and three priests were killed. Armed with sticks and stones, they drove the Japanese from the mountain. To settle the deal with local residentsIn 1955, a special delegation arrived from Japan. And only next 1956, paying 7,000 rupees to compensate for damages and 4,000 rupees for the construction of a new temple and arranged a large holiday for the population of the village, the Japanese received permission to climb. Thanks to the wonderful weather, the Japanese climber Tosio Imanisi and Sirdar Sherp Gyalzen Narbu on May 9 rose to peak. Manaslo remains one of the most dangerous eight-thousanders. There were only 661 successful climbing on Manasl, sixty-five climbers died when climbing. Lamining mortality is about 10 percent.

1956, May 18 - Lhotse

Fritz Luhsinger and Ernst Rice The members of the Swiss team became the first people who managed to climb to the top of Lhotzz 8516 meters high, the fourth highest top of the world.

Peak Lhotse is located on the border of Nepal and China a few kilometers of south of Everest. These two peaks are associated with a vertical ridge, the so-called southern saddle, the height of which is all over 8000 meters above 8000 meters. Usually, the ascent is carried out on a western, more common slope. But in 1990 team Soviet Union It rose on the south side, previously considered completely not available, as it represents a 3300-meter almost vertical wall. A total of 461 successful climb was performed on Lhotse. For all the time there were 13 climbers, mortality is about 3 percent.

1956 July 8 - Gasherbrum II

Top of 8034 meters high, thirteenth in the height of the mountain in the world. For the first time on Gasherbruum II, Austrian climbers Fritz Murez, Joseph Larh and Hans Villenpart rose. They rose to the top on the south side along the southwestern ridge. Before climbing the peak itself, rising 7500 meters to the height, they staged a temporary camp for overnight stays, and then early in the morning they went to the assault. It was a completely new one who did not have a tested approach to rock climbing, which later began to apply climbers from many countries.

Gasherbruum II is the second of the four peaks of Gasherbrum in Karakorum on the border of Pakistan and China at about 10 kilometers southeast of K2. The Baltoro Music Ridge in which Gasherbrum II is known for the longest Caracorum Glacier, longer than 62 kilometers. This served as a reason for the fact that many climbers descended almost from the very top of Gasherbruum II on skis, on snowboarding and even with a parachute. Gasherbruum II is considered one of the safest and easiest eighties. 930 climbers were successfully risen on Gasherbruum II and only 21 people died with unsuccessful attempts to climb. The mortality of the climb of about 2 percent.

1957, June 9 - Broad Peak

Mountain 8051 meters high, twelfth in height of the elevation. The first time they tried to climb the Germans in 1954 on BROUD peak, but because of the low temperature and the storm wind, their efforts were not crowned with success. The first to rose to the peak Austrian climbers Fritz Wintershteller, Marcus Schmuk them Kurt Dimberger. The climb was carried out on the southwest side. The expedition did not use porters and all property raised the participants themselves, which was quite greater complexity.

Broad Peak or Dzhanaging is located on the border between China and Pakistan, a few kilometers southeast of K2. This area is still less studied and geographers hope that over time he can get sufficient popularity. For all time on BROUD peak there were 404 successful ascents. They turned out to be unsuccessful for 21 climbers who died when attempting to climb. The mortality rate of about 5 percent.

1958, July 5 - Gasherbruum I "Hidden Peak"

Mountain 8080 meters high. The top belongs to the mountain massif by Gasherbruum - Caucarum. Purchases rise to Hidden-Peak began a long time ago. In 1934, the international expedition participants were able to rise only to a height of 6,300 meters. In 1936, French climbers defeated the frontier 6900 meters. And only two years later, the Americans Andrew Kaufman and Pete Schöng rise to the top of Hidden Peak.

Gasherbruum I or Hidden Peak, the eleventh in height of the eight-thousandth of the world, one of the seven peaks of the massif Gasherbrum is located in Kashmir in Pakistan under control of the North Area on the border with China. Gasherbroum from the local language is translated as "polished wall", and it fully corresponds to this name. Because of his steep, almost polished, rocky slopes, the climbing on him was rejected by many. In total, 334 people successfully rose at the peak, while 29 climbers were killed while trying to climb. Lamining mortality is about 9 percent.

1960, May 13 - Dhaulaagiri I

"White Mountain" - heights of 8167 meters, seventh height from eight-thousandnesses. The first to the top participants of the European team: Dimberger, Shembert, Deriner, Forier and Sherpes Navang were held. For the first time, an airplane was used to deliver members of the expedition and equipment. On the "White Mountain", the French, participants of the 1950 expedition, were noted in 1950. But then it seemed to them not affordable and they switched to Annapurna.

Dhaulaagiri I is located in Nepal, 13 kilometers from Annapurna and climb to her vertex in 1954, Argentines. But due to the strong Purgi, only 170 meters did not reach the top. Although by the standards of Himalayas, Dhaulaagiri of all the sixth height, it is a strong nutpiece. So in 1969, the Americans left the seven of their comrades in the southeastern ridge at the southeastern ridge. In total, 448 people successfully rose to the top of Dhaulaagiri, but 69 climbers in unsuccessful attempts were killed. Landsumbage mortality is about 16 percent.

1964, May 2 - Shishabangm

Top with a height of 8027 meters. The first to conquer Shishabangum eight Chinese climbers: JJ Jing, Zhang Zhunian, Van Fuzhou, Zhen San, Zheng Tianlaan, Zunju, Snoms Daughters, Migmar Trash, daughters, Nynten. For a long time, climbing this peak was prohibited by the Chinese authorities. And only after the Chinese themselves rose to his top, it was possible to participate in the ascent and foreign climbers.

Mountain Massif Schishabangm, in Chinese "Geosenzhanfeng", on Indian "State Aintan" is located in China in Tibetan autonomous Area A few kilometers from the Nepalese border. It consists of three vertices, two of which are above 8 kilometers. Shishabangm Main 8027 meters and Shishabangm Central 8008 meters. In the program "All 14 eighties in the world", there is a rise to the main peak. In total, Shishabang was 302 successful ascents. Twenty-five people died, trying to climb to the top. Lifensive mortality of about 8 percent.

As can be seen from the chronology of climbing on highest peaks Himalayas, on their conquest, has left over 40 years. With that, on the analysis of the Himalayan Institute of Mountaineering, the most dangerous of all are considered: Annapurna, K2, and Nanga Parbat. At the ascents of these three peaks, Himalayas took the life of every fourth, which misfortunely misinterpreted.

And yet, despite all these fatal dangers, there are people who conquered all the eighties. The first of them was Reinhard Messen Italian climber, German by nationality from Southern Tyrol. And although in the first ascent on Nanga-Parbat in 1970, his native brother Gunter died, and he himself lost seven fingers on his feet; In the second climbing on Manaslo in 1972, his partner died in a bundle, it did not stop him. Starting from 1970 to 1986, he rose one after another to all 14 of the highest peaks. With that on Everest, he climbed twice, in 1978, together with Peter Habel, on the classical route through the southern saddle, and in 1980 alone along the northern route, and during the monsoon season. Both climbing without the use of oxygen devices.

In total, now there are already 32 people in the world who conquered all 14 eighties and this is probably not the last people of whom are expected by Himalayas.

The name of Himalayas was out of the spirit of Sanskrit words: Hima and Alaja, which means "the abode of the snow." The highest mountains on earth occupy 80% of Nepal Square. The average height of Himalayas is 6,000 meters above sea level. The length of these high mountains is 2,500 km. But it is on the territory of Nepal that eight eighties are the highest mountain, the height of which is more than 8,000 meters. Therefore, all climbers of the world dream of at least once in their lives to climb in the Himalayas. Not a danger to life, nor cold, no financial costs stop them. At the same time, financial costs are quite tangible. After all, if you want to conquer the vertex, then in Nepal, only for the right to commit an ascent, you will have to pay a rather serious amount that is not one thousand dollars. Here this fee is called royalties. If you want to conquer Everest, you will also have to stand in the queue, maybe even two years. With such a large number of people who want to conquer Himalayas, vertices remain, which are not popular.

For thirsty, challenge the mountains of tourists at an altitude of 5.5 thousand m are laid special routes. Those who will manage to make climbing, waiting for a well-deserved remuneration - an unforgettable beauty of landscapes of dangerous and deep gorges with brown vegetation and juicy greens or snow-covered rocky peaks. The most popular among ordinary, without special training of tourists is considered the route around Annapurna. During the days of the path, decorated to take such a journey, can be observed also to watch the life of local residents in addition to excellent landscapes.

The highest mountain of Himalayev - Peak Everest (8848 meters). About it knows every schoolboy. In Tibet, it is called Jomolungma, which means "Mother of the Gods", and in Nepal - Sagarm. Connect Everest dreams of all climbers, but it conquers only the climbers of the highest class.

Himalayas Mountains originated during the orogenesis - alpine tectonic cycle and by the standards of geology, very young mountains. Himalayas arose in the place where the collision of the Eurasian and Indian subcontinental plates happened. Gorical formation here continues today. The average height of the mountains is increased annually by an average of 7 mm. That is why there is so frequent earthquakes.

In the raised in the sky Himalayan Mountainsah, it is often possible to find petrified marine organisms. They are called Saligram. According to scientists, their age is about 130 million years. Saligram - it seems to be a message from the glacial period. They are the best proof that the Himalayas "grown" from the water. The Nepalese also consider them to the earthly embodiment of His God. For the Nepalese Saligram are sacred. Their export from the territory of Nepal is prohibited.

Video: "Climbing to the top of Tuulaagi in Nepal (7059 m.) In 2010."

Film: "Road in Himalayas"

Also, you can see the Nepalese film "Himalayas" of 1999 release (dir. Eric Valley) and the film Nanga Parbat 2010.

In conclusion, a few more photos of Himalayas:

The Himalayan Mountains are the highest mountain system in the world. Located Himalayas in the territory of several states. , Pakistan, PRC, India and Bhutan. The length of this mining system is about 3000 km. Width up to 350 km.

SAMI high Point - Mount Everest (Jomolungma), whose height is 8848 m above sea level. All mountains with a height of more than eight thousand meters, the so-called eight thousands are in the Himalayas. An exception is the Choir Mount (K2), which is in Karakorum. The total area that Himalayas occupies is approximately 650,000 km2. Gold, sapphires, copper are minerals present. Among the attractions can be allocated temple complexeslocated in the capital of Nepal Kathmandu and in the mountain range itself, national Park Nepal Sagapmatha, Textile Museum in Bhutan, etc.

Himalayas are widespread mountaineering and climatic tourism. The climate is mostly subequatorial. Spring and summer are usually accompanied by high temperatures and humidity. For the most part, this is typical for the southern part of the Himalayas. Southeast of these mountains have the wet place on the planet - Cherrypundy, the Indian city in which over 11,000 mm of precipitation falls. On the north side, the temperature is much lower, as the mountains are protected from the effects of monsoons from the south side. Therefore, in the northern part, the climate is cold and dry. Depending on the height drops, the temperature will also change. So in the summer, on mountain verticesah, the temperature can fall up to -20 degrees Celsius. In winter, it can be below -40 degrees. Another characteristic feature is strong winds reaching high in the hurricane mountains, up to 200 km / h.

Scientists believe that Himalayas consist of breeds that were part of the bottom of the Poofi Poochean several million years ago. These mountains were formed when the collision of the Asian mainland was collided with the Industan tectonic stove. It is believed that the growth of Himalayas was phased. Therefore, various parts of these mountains are distinguished: small and large Himalayas, prefimals. Large Himalayas are the oldest. They were formed about 39 million years ago. A few million years later, the growth of small Himalayas began. Pregimalai, the second name of which the mountains are shortcut, the youngest. They are about 7 million years. Himalayas are part of the seismic belt of the Eurasian continent. One of the main features of the Himalayan Mountains is sharp vertices and a large corner on the slopes. Most vertices are glacier, and their total area is about 33 thousand km². One of the biggest glaciers in Himalayas is gangotri. Length about 29 km. This glacier gives the beginning of the Gang River. For followers of Hinduism, the glacier has a sacred value. There are various rituals, including bathing in Gangotri ice water.

Himalayas from ancient times attracted people to themselves. According to Buddhism and Hinduism, there were many mythological creatures in this mountain system. It is believed that the Himalayas were, and the Buddha was born at the south side of these mountains. In the VII century, trading routes between China and India opened in the mountain system. In the thirties of the 20th century, a project opening appeared railwaypassing through mountain chain. He was not implemented. For many years, starting from the XVIII century, scientists from all over the world could not well explore Himalayas. It was not possible to determine the exact height of the vertices, the time consuming was to draw up cards. In the middle of the XIX century, attempts to conquer Everest were taken.

Jomolungma is the highest mountain peak on the planet. Its height is 8848 m. The name of Jomolungma comes from the Tibetan language and means "Divine Mother of the Wind". Other names, Everest and Sagarmatha, English and Nepalese, respectively. The vertex is named Everest in honor of the British subject, Georodeste George Everest. The mountain consists of two vertices - northern and southern. The height of the South is 8760 m, and the northern peak is 8848 m above sea level. Other mountain peaks are not far from Everest. For example, Mount Lhotz, Changzea. Lhotse is the fourth in height of the eight-thousandth in the world. Many, later measurements of the height of the mountain peak were not officially recognized. The height of 8848 m is officially approved.

The first ascent to Everest was organized in 1953. Up to this point, only seven thousand vertices were conquered with numerous expeditions. The exception is only the Annapurna Mountain, which the French researchers conquered in 1950. Its height reaches 8091 m. The ascent of 1953 was committed by Tencing Norki, who was from Nepal, and Edmund Hillary from New Zealand. The route was laid through the South Saddle Pass. Other expeditions were organized later. 1975 in the history of mountaineering was known for the fact that the ascent to Jomolungma was committed by an expedition consisting of women. In 1976, the Alpinist from Japan Dzünko Tabay conquers the height of this peak. In 1990, the vertices of Everest first reaches Russian Ekaterina Ivanova. In May 1982, the first night climb on Everest by Soviet climbers Sergei Brysov and Mikhail Turkevich was committed. The route passed through the complex southwest slope of the mountain. The history of climbing on Everest is very saturated, with a considerable amount of records. Among them and the record of 2008, when the most elderly man conquered the most elderly man, Nearman Ming Bahadur Sherhan 76 years. Or ten ashens Sherpa Anga Rita, committed during 1996 and every time without oxygen cylinders. There is very interesting, inherently unique ascent to the mountain of American climber Eric Wehyenmayer, who has no vision. Records set. And on this everything will not end, since Everest will always attract climbers, researchers, scientists from around the world. The conquest of the vertices of the Himalayan mountains is associated with many difficulties. It can be hallucinations, and weakening memory, lower attention. All this is due to a decrease in the resistance of the body on big height, with oxygen starvation.

In the Himalayas is located in which Everest is located. This Nepalese Park occupies an impressive area of \u200b\u200b1148 km². This park received this park in 1976. In addition to Jomolungma, the park boasts the presence of other impressive vertices, among which the eighties of Lhotse and Cho Oyu. Special for its beauty Mountain Park is the peak of Ama Dablam. The Word of the Sagarmatha Nepali origin, meaning "Mother of the Gods".
- This is Hinduism from around the world. This mountain system built. For example, on the south side of Himalayas, in India, there is a temple of Sri Kedarnath Mandir. It is completely out of stone. Architecture Traditional Himalayan.

For many tourists are attractive not only, but also south part Mountains covered with thick vegetation. Usually on this territory a very high level of humidity, reaching 5000 mm of precipitation per year. There are common both tropical plants and evergreen trees. The foot of the Himalayan mountains spread the terans. This is a lot of wetlated jungle. They are represented by various palm trees, bamboo, high grass. A little higher are dense forests with even greater levels of precipitation. At an altitude of over 3000 m forests are replaced by dispensing meadows. Plants there are low-spirited and frost-resistant. And only when overcoming more than 4,000 meters, glaciers and the region of eternal snow arrive at the change of mountain meadows. Most of The territories of the Himalayan Mountains is protected by the state. Including the Nanda-Devi Reserve, which is located in the western part of the mining system. The reserve has a famous color valley worldwide. Rare species showed fauna Himalayas. For example, there are snow leopards, Himalayan bears.

In the Himalayas, as already mentioned, climatic tourism is well developed. There are many resorts. You can highlight, shillong ,. There you can fully enjoy the calm, filled with the purest mountain air and magnificent views of the mountain peaks and slopes. Distributed I. ski highways Different levels of complexity.

Himalayas. View from cosmos

Himalayas - "The abode of snow", Hindi.

Geography

Himalayas - Highest mountain system globe, Located in Asia (India, Nepal, China, Pakistan, Bhutan), between Tibetan Highlands (in the North) and Indo-Ganga Plain (in the south). Himalayas extend from 73 ° Eastern longitude in northwest to 95 ° Eastern longitude in the south-east. The total length of more than 2,400 km, the maximum width is 350 km. The average height is about 6000 m. Height up to 8848 m (Everest), 11 vertices of more than 8 thousand meters.

Himalayas are divided into three steps from the south to the north.

• South, lower step (prefimalate). The Salystik Mountains, they make up the ridges of Dundva, Cheryriagati (the average height of 900 m), Solya-Single, the Safe Plateau, Cala Chitta and Margal. The width of the stage lies between 10 to 50 km, the height is not more than 1000 m.

Valley Kathmandu

• Small Himalayas, the second stage. An extensive highlands width of 80 is 100 km, the average height is 3500 - 4000 m. The maximum height is 6500 m.

Includes part of the Kashmir Himalayas - Pip Panzhal (Haramusch - 5142 m).

Between the column of the second stage, wearing the name of Dauladar "White Mountains" (The average vysotype - 3000 m) and the main Himalayas at an altitude of 1350 - 1650 m lie the Valley of Srinagar (Kashmir Valley) and Kathmandu.

• The third step is great Himalayas. This step is strongly disseminated and forms a large range of ridges. The maximum width is 90 km, the height is 8848 m. The average height of the pass reaches 4500 m, some of the 6000 m. Large Himalayas are divided into Assam, Nepalese, Kuman and Pendjab Himalayas.

- Chief Himalayan Range. The average height is 5500 - 6000 m. Here on the plot between the rivers Sutling and Arun are eight of the ten Himalayan eight-thousanders.

For the Gorge of the Arun River Main Ridge A little decreases - Peak Johnsang (7459 m), a branched spong with an array of canchengang, four vertices exceed the height of 8000 m ( maximum height - 8585 m).

On the plot between Indcom and Sutland, the main ridge is divided into Western Himalayas and the Northern Range.

- Northern ridge. In the north-western part, it is referred to as deos, and in Southeast - Zanskar ("White Copper") (the highest point - peak Kamet, 7756 m). The north is located the Indus valley, behind which the Karakorum mountain system is located in the north.

Before you detailed map Himalayas with the names of cities and settlements in Russian. Move the map by holding it with the left mouse button. You can move around the map by clicking on one of the four arrows in the upper left corner. Scale allows the scale on the right side of the map or turn the wheel of the mouse.

In which country is the Himalayas

Himalayas is in Nepal. It's wonderful beautiful place, with its own history and traditions. Coordinates of the Himalayas: Northern Latitude and Eastern Longitude (show on the big map).

Virtual Walk

The figure "Man" above the scale scale will help to make virtual walk According to the cities of Himalayas. By pressing and holding the left mouse button, drag it to any place on the map and you will go for a walk, while in the upper left corner will appear inscriptions with the approximate address of the area. Motion direction Select by clicking on the arrows in the center of the screen. Option "Satellite" at the top of the left allows you to see a relief image of the surface. In Map mode, you will get the opportunity to get acquainted in detail with road road Himalayas and major attractions.