Useful tourist information about Munich in Germany - geographical position, tourist infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.

Munich is a city in southern Germany, the capital of Bavaria, located on the Isar River at the foot of the Alps. Munich was founded in 1158, but the history of the city begins in the 8th century, when monks from the nearby Tegernsee monastery settled on the Peter Hill. In the XII century, Munich became the possession of the Wittelsbach dynasty, a little later - the capital of the Kingdom of Bavaria, a state that existed until the beginning of the XIX century. During the Second World War, Munich was bombed 71 times and was seriously damaged. During the post-war reconstruction, it was decided to keep the original street layout.

In terms of the number of monuments of art and culture, Munich is in no way inferior to the oldest cities in Germany. The old town center is the old Marienplatz square. Nearby there is the Old Town Hall and the New Neo-Gothic Town Hall of the city. To the left of the New Town Hall are two towers of Munich's symbol, the 15th century Frauenkirche Church. And a block away - the huge palace of the Wittelsbach dynasty Residenz, to inspect the collection of which you need to spend at least half a day. And the Residenz, in turn, adjoins National Theater Bavaria, at the same time - the National Opera, one of the best in Germany.

Fine art lovers will appreciate the 3 Munich Pinakothek with the largest collection of works of art of all time: "Old", "New" and "Contemporary". In addition, one of the world's largest collections of paintings by the Blue Rider movement is located in Lenbachhaus. Also widely known German Museum is one of the largest technical museums in Europe.

In the north of the city there is the Olympic Park, the huge Olympic Stadium and the Olympic Tower 290 meters high, from where you can enjoy a beautiful view of the city. In the south - the Bavaria-Film studio, where you can go on an excursion and walk between the scenery of "Little Hollywood".

The world famous Munich English Park is one of the largest urban parks in the world, stretching from the city center to the very outskirts along the Isar.

Munich is renowned for its brewing traditions. There are many breweries in the city, of which 5 are large breweries that supply beer to the world famous Oktoberfest - a festival of beer, pretzels, fried chickens and carousels, held annually in late September - early October.

Two hours' drive from Munich to the south, in the foothills of the Alps, stands the most famous castle in the world - Neuschwanstein. Ludwig II died here under incomprehensible circumstances, and now a musical about his life is being staged within the walls of the castle. Nearby there are three more castles associated with the life of this mysterious Bavarian king.

The city sprawling on the river called Isar Munich is the largest in terms of area and population in the whole federal state Bavaria... Munich is home to almost one and a half million indigenous people and almost two hundred thousand visitors who work in the numerous enterprises of the amazing Bavarian city.

It should be noted that Munich ranks third in terms of population in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg, which does not prevent it from being one of the main tourist centers of the country.

Würzburg residence

Hundreds of thousands of tourists from all over the world come to the capital of Bavaria annually to not only enjoy the mass of sights, architectural and historical monuments and visit one of the many museums, but also to taste the famous and best Bavarian beer on the planet. By the way, it is in Munich that private breweries are located, which for almost two centuries have been supplying their products for the legendary Oktoberfest.

Having visited Munich, you can get the most complete idea of ​​what German quality, accuracy and order are. The city is home to a huge number of various research centers, universities and the largest Bavarian state library in the Old World, which can provide its visitors with more than six million publications. All this undoubtedly suggests that the best specialists in their fields live and work in Munich, and the educational institutions of the city annually graduate from their walls the most talented young people who, thanks to their education, find jobs not only in Germany, but also in all over the world.

Bavarian State Chancellery

Munich is a beautiful city, which was as if specially created for the comfortable living in it of the indigenous people. Even climatic conditions in Munich can be called ideal for the human body: in summer in the city the temperature rarely exceeds 18-20 degrees Celsius, and in winter it does not drop below minus 3 degrees Celsius.

Munich - a short history

Munich is one of the few cities where the origin of the name is not controversial among historians and linguists. The word "Munich" comes from the ancient German word Munichen, which literally can be translated into Russian as "at the monks." The name of the city was not accidental: back in the distant VIII century, monks set up their settlement on the Peter Hill. The documents that have survived to this day speak of Munich as a city already in 1175. Although its name can be found a little earlier - in 1158, but then it was considered something like a village.

Nymphenburg palace

1255 was a landmark year for Munich. The city and the surrounding area from this time period began to belong to the legendary Wittelsbach dynasty, who managed to unite all of Bavaria in 1507. They ruled these lands until the 1918 revolution. Even today in Nymphenburg palace, which is one of the most beautiful sights of Bavaria, is home to the last of the Wittelsbach descendants. Speaking about the history of Munich, one cannot fail to note the year 1810: in October of this year, the wedding of Ludwig I and Theresa of Saxony-Hildburghaus took place. On October 17, 1810, in honor of this wedding celebration, the first holiday took place, which later became known as Oktoberfest.

Munich in wartime

The first destruction of buildings in the city took place in 1916: then the French dropped three bombs from their planes on beautiful Munich at once. In 1933, not only Munich, but the whole of Bavaria gave the smallest number of votes for the party of Adolf Hitler, and this despite the fact that ten years before that, the famous Beer Putsch took place in the city: even then Hitler with his few associates tried to take by force power in the country. The tyrant did not forgive Munich for weak support in the elections, as early as the next year, by order of Hitler, on the night called "long knives", more than 60 Bavarian politicians were killed.

Izar gate

Munich nevertheless became the center for the NSDAP, the reason for this was not only the Beer Hall putsch and numerous murders, but also the fact that this city became the starting point in the careers of Himmler and Heydrich. Surprisingly, already in 1933, not far from a quiet and cozy city where life went on as usual, a concentration camp was built at Dachau.

Reading all of the above, one can come to the conclusion that Munich was a den of fascists, but this is far from the case: in none of German city there were not as many protests and underground movements aimed at undermining the activities of the Nazis as in the capital of Bavaria. One such organization, called the White Rose, allowed the American army in 1945 to enter Munich without firing a shot. Many participants in the movement gave their lives to ensure that the elite SS troops could not blow up the bridges. However, the bombing and artillery shelling from howitzers almost completely destroyed the city center with its unique architectural monuments.

The Propylaea Gate

At the beginning of the war, 815 thousand people lived in the city, just over 400,000 survived. Munich was one of the German cities in which a fairly large number of Jews lived... According to the most conservative estimates, already in the first years, after Hitler came to power, 9,300 people were killed, and this despite the fact that the total number of the Jewish community in Munich was 10,000 people.

Munich - today

To describe the capital of Bavaria briefly, alas, will not work. A huge number of attractions, including magnificent squares, the Nymphenburg Palace, St. Peter's Church, St. Michael's Church, the legendary Allianz Arena, a gallery of modern art - just a small part of the monuments of history, architecture and culture of the Bavarian people. Of particular interest among tourists is the Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God, which was built in the 15th century in the Gothic style. It is in this building in a black sarcophagus that the remains of Ludwig IV rest. The two towers of this magnificent cathedral are the symbol of the city. There is a footprint at the entrance to this temple, which, according to an ancient legend, was left by Satan himself.

Glyptotek

If you have brought a traveler to Munich, you should definitely visit the Azamkirche church, which, according to modern architects, is the best baroque structure in Europe. If you look at the tourist brochures around the city, which provides its visitors with various agencies and hotels in Munich, we can conclude that the capital of Bavaria is rightfully considered a city of museums. The most beautiful of them, which contain unique and priceless exhibits, are the Glyptotek, the old and new Pinakothek. They were created during the reign of Louis I of Bavaria. By the way, the old Pinakothek, along with the Nymphenburg Palace, is the most visited place in Munich... It contains more than 9 thousand paintings belonging to the brushes of the greatest artists of the past centuries. One of them has no price - this is the legendary "Madonna and Child", written by Leonardo da Vinci.

Of particular interest to football fans is the famous Allianz Arena, which is the home stadium for the formidable Munich club Bayern Munich. Whole families travel to Munich: regardless of age, everyone will find something interesting for themselves in this city. Children, as well as adults, will simply be delighted with visiting the Toy Museum. Among its exhibits are toys created by Ivan Steiger, numerous railways and a huge composition dedicated to the history and development of the Barbie doll, which once "conquered" the world.

Arc de Triomphe Siegestor

Munich - tourist note

For a traveler who decides to visit Munich and get acquainted with all its sights, it is best to take an air flight. One of the largest and safest airports in Europe is located just outside Munich. Surprisingly, even the airport named after the famous politician can be safely considered a Bavarian landmark. And how could it be otherwise: after all, in a year it easily serves more than 50 million (!) People.

Munich, Germany: the most detailed information about the city of Munich, the main attractions with photos and descriptions, location on the map.

Munich city (Germany)

Munich is a city in southern Germany on the banks of the Isar River, the capital of Bavaria and the third largest city after Berlin and Hamburg. There are several large lakes and ski resorts, which formed a temperate climate in the region, with the transition from maritime to continental. Snowy winters and cool summers largely contributed to the fact that sightseeing vacation in Munich relevant all year round... However, there are exceptions when the thermometer in winter can drop to ... -30 C °.

Story

The history of the city begins in the 8th century, it was at this time that a small settlement of monks appeared here, which later acquired the status of a city. After a while, the land passed into the possession of the Wittelsbach dynasty, which ruled Bavaria until its partition until 1255, but until 1918 the city remained their residence. Today, the Wittelsbach Palace operates as a museum and is open to tourists throughout the year.

During the First World War, Munich was badly damaged by air attacks organized by French forces. In 1918, the November Revolution brings the Social Democrats to power. King Ludwig III and his family have to flee the city. In 1919, in April, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was proclaimed, but a month later it was eliminated by government forces.

The Second World War also left its typos on the city. Munich suffered more from the bombing of the allied aviation. The result of seventy raids on the city was the almost complete destruction of its historical part, and Munich itself was 50% in ruins.

In the post-war period, the city was rapidly rebuilding and already in 1972 was honored to host the Olympic Games on its territory. The Olympic Park, built specially for this event, is still a place of pilgrimage for tourists.

Useful information for tourists

Getting around the city is much more convenient by public transport than by taxi. Firstly, a taxi is expensive, and secondly, finding a car is not so easy, only at special parking lots. Moreover, not every local resident will be able to give you the number of the taxi service, since rarely anyone uses this service. Everyone has heard about German pedantry, here is the organization public transport you can be sure of this as well as possible.

Munich is connected by a large and well-developed tram network, bus routes, metro and even city trains. They all run on schedule, with an accuracy of the minute. It is rare that transport is delayed - so rare that it becomes the highlight of the day.

For comfortable movement around the city, just select the desired ticket. At first glance, this may seem like a daunting task, but if you plan a tourist route in advance and understand a little German- everything is quite simple. Munich transport system divided into 4 zones, inner, white and green (XXL) and general. The cost of tickets does not depend on the distance that you need to cover, and not even on the type of transport, but on the zone. For a tourist, the most optimal would be a day or three-day ticket Single-Tageskarte (for one person) or Partner-Tageskarte (up to 5 people).

How to get to Munich

Munich Airport Franz Josef Strauss (Flughafen München "Franz Josef Strauß") daily receives more than a hundred flights from different countries the world, including from Russia. From the airport to the city center you can take the S-Bahn train, which stops at all significant stops in the city. You can buy a train ticket at one of the many ticket machines, which are usually located right next to the escalators. Taxis are also available to guests of Munich. The cost of a trip from the airport will be significantly higher than in the city.

You can also get to Munich by train. The railway connection is well developed here. However, those who like to travel by car will also be satisfied with the infrastructure of the roads, because many autobahns of German cities are connected precisely with Munich.

Where to stay

You can stay in Munich anywhere. It all depends on the tastes and preferences of the tourist. Luxurious and modest hotels, inexpensive apartments, hostels - everything is at guests' disposal. However, it is worth taking care of booking in advance, especially when it comes to the peak of the tourist season.

Shopping and shopping

The capital of Bavaria will enchant shoppers. In Munich, in addition to large shopping centers where time flies unnoticed, literally on every street you can find boutiques of famous brands, souvenir shops and a variety of shops offering to buy anything you want. However, it is worth noting that boutiques and small shops are generally open until 18:00 and only from Monday to Saturday.

Seasonal markets and fairs

Antique market - you can get to it only on the first Saturday of the month. Here you can buy antique jewelry, furniture, accessories, postcards, stamps.

BRK-Flohmark is a grand fair taking place at the end of April. Here you can buy children's things and toys, including antiques, while their cost will be much lower than in local shops.

Riem Market is the largest Bavarian bazaar. Basically, people come here to sell old things, but it is difficult to call them old, rather new ones that have not found use in everyday life.

Viktualienmarkt is a flea market. Contrary to the prevailing stereotypes, for over 200 years now they have been selling not unnecessary things, but all kinds of products, including delicacies. By the way, farm products are constantly brought here, and there are also bakeries on the territory of the market.

Munich landmarks

If you want to learn more about the history and culture of Munich, feel the atmosphere of the capital of Bavaria, visit its main attractions: Frauenkirche, Nymphenburg Palace, St. Peter "s Church, Residence, Old Town Hall. The BMW Museum, Karlplatz. And, of course, do not forget to visit the English Garden and the Olympic Park.

Frauenkirche (Cathedral of Our Lady) - Gothic Cathedral, built in the 15th century, one of the symbols of Munich. The cathedral is 109 meters long, 40 meters wide and 37 meters high and can seat 20,000 people. In the architecture of the cathedral, two towers stand out, almost 100 meters high, with a stunning view of the city. The Frauenkirche is a late Gothic masterpiece. It is an austere brick three-aisled church with a simple interior decoration... The footprint in the hallway of the church is called the footprint of the Devil. According to legend, the unclean argued with the architect of the cathedral, but lost the argument. In a rage, he turned into the wind and tried to destroy the temple. That is why there is always a light breeze here.

Nymphenburg Palace is one of the main attractions of Munich, luxurious palace with a picturesque garden and canal. Built as the summer residence of kings, the palace impresses with its luxury and severity of forms. The construction of Nymphenburg dates back to the 17th century. The architect was the Italian Barelli. Inside you can appreciate the life of monarchs, see art and history. No less famous is the palace park - 229 hectares of parkland in the English style. You can ride a gondola along the palace canal.

Marienplatz

Marienplatz

Munich's Marienplatz square with New and Old Town Halls is the world famous center of the Bavarian capital. This is a real place of attraction for guests and residents of the city, a place where major cultural events and fairs are held.

In the architecture of the square, the New Town Hall stands out - a grandiose neo-Gothic building, built at the beginning of the 20th century. Now the city council of Munich sits here. The tower of the New Town Hall provides a beautiful view of Old city... You can climb it by elevator.

In the center of the square there is an 11-meter high Marian column of the late 16th century with a sculpture of the Virgin Mary with Christ.

Old Town Hall (left) and St. Petra (right)

In the eastern part of Marienplatz, you can see two interesting buildings at once. The Old Town Hall is an old 14th century building in the Gothic style, rebuilt after the destruction of the Second World War. The tower houses a toy museum.

Next to the Old Town Hall is the Cathedral of St. Peter is the oldest parish church in Munich, the history of which goes back more than 8 centuries. The building combines features of many architectural styles, and a beautiful baroque altar was built inside. The 91-meter tower stands out in the architecture of the cathedral, which can offer one of the most beautiful views to Munich. To do this, you need to overcome more than 300 steps.

The Allianz Arena is the home stadium of FC Bayern Munich, one of the most famous and comfortable stadiums in the world.

Karlplatz (Charles Square) - one of the main squares historic center with beautiful architecture. The square is named after Charles IV Theodor, although the people of Munich themselves call the square simply - Stachus. In honor of the old pub, which was before its formation. The main architectural attraction is the Charles Gate - an ancient Gothic gate from the early 14th century, which used to be part of the city's fortifications. Opposite is the Neo-Baroque Palace of Justice and the building shopping mall"Gallery Kaufhof". The main pedestrian street connects Karlplatz with the other central square Marienplatz.

Odeonplatz is an Italian-style square in the northern part of the historic center of Munich near Ludwigstrasse. Here you can admire a beautiful 17th century late Baroque church with two powerful towers and a dome, a loggia similar to the building in Piazza della Signoria in Florence, the royal residence and the Hofgarten garden.

The residence is one of the largest palace complexes in Germany, located near Odeonplatz on Max-Joseph-Platz. This impressive structure is over 23,000 square meters. meters with luxurious halls in the style of classicism, baroque and rococo, decorated with objects of culture and art. The history of the Residence is over 600 years old. In the bronze halls of the palace, more than 40 original bronze sculptures of the 16-17 centuries are exhibited, and in the treasury there are royal regalia and other valuable things.

The Olympic Park is one of the most beautiful and popular places Munich. Built on the occasion of the 1972 Olympic Games. Several famous places in Bavaria are located here: the Olympic stadium, the Olympic hall and the Olympic towers. In addition, here is the most large park entertainment in Bavaria, concerts, entertainment and cultural events, festivals and various sporting events are held.

Other sights of Munich

BMW Welt is a museum of the world famous BMW brand. Exhibitions and promotions, excursions to the museum and the plant are held here.

The Pinakothek is an art gallery in Munich. In the old Pinakothek there are exhibited items of European painting of the 14-18th centuries, in the new and modern Pinakothek there are about 400 works of art from the 18-20th centuries.

The Bavarian State Opera is one of the largest operas in the world, with 450 performances annually.

Hofbräuhaus is an old beer house. Here you can touch the secrets and traditions of Bavarian brewing, enjoy regional cuisine, beer, music and folk dances that convey the historical atmosphere of Munich.

The Old Court is an old imperial residence located on the road from Marienplatz. This is the Munich Kaiserburg, which houses the museum.

Oktoberfest is the legendary German beer festival, which is held annually in Munich in the fall from mid-September to early October. It is the largest beer festival in the world with over 6 million tourists. During this time, millions of liters of beer are drunk here. Oktoberfest is an important part of Bavarian culture and has its roots in the Middle Ages.

Video - Munich

Karl Square (Karlsplatz)

She is also called Shtakhus (Stachus)... This is one of the busiest squares in the city. The Palace of Justice is located to the northwest of it. (Justizpalast, 1897) followed by Old Botanical Garden (Alter Botanischer Garten)... Next to the square is the Brunnenbuberl fountain with a satyr figure (Brunnenbuberl, modern style)... Closing the Charles Gate Square (Karlstor)- one of the three preserved old gates in the city. They are named so in 1791 in honor of the Elector Karl Theodor. On the gates there are images of four characters of urban folklore.

St. Michael's Church (St. Michaelskirche)

The church was built in the 16th century. at the behest of Duke Wilhelm V of Wittelsbach. The entrance to the cathedral is guarded by the figure of St. Michael, who is fighting the evil of the world. Many of the Wittelsbachs, including the famous Ludwig II, are buried in the cathedral's family crypt. His sarcophagus takes center stage.

R. Strauss fountain is located next to the cathedral. (Richard-Strauss-Brunnen). (There are over 700 fountains in Munich in total!)

Pay attention to the Cathedral Civic Hall (Burgersaal, 1710) where is the grave of Rupert Mayer (lower floor of the church)- a Jesuit priest who had the courage to speak out in his sermons against Hitler. The second floor is in baroque style. Near him - the building of the Old Academy (Alte Akademie, 1597).

On the street of New Houses (Neuhauserstrasse) you can admire many beautiful buildings, the pediments of which are decorated with bas-reliefs and sculptural groups. Mimes, clowns, musicians, singers perform here. There are many shops (among them a large department store "Karstadt"), shops with Bavarian souvenirs and restaurants in the national style.

Cathedral of Our Lady (Frauenkirche)

The cathedral (Sat-Wed 7.00-19.00, Thu 7.00-20.30, Fri 7.00-18.00) built in 1468-1488 architect Jörg von Halspach in the late Gothic style. Two towers (98 and 99 m) crowned with onion-shaped domes, which have become one of the symbols of Munich. The length of the cathedral is 100 m, width is about 45 m, it can accommodate about 10 thousand people. This is almost the same as lived in Munich in the Middle Ages. 46 representatives of the Wittelsbach dynasty are buried in the crypt of the cathedral.

Climbing the south tower of the cathedral (April - October Mon-Sat 10.00 - 17.00), you can admire the panorama of the city from a bird's eye view and, if you're lucky, see the Alps in the distance.

New Town Hall (Neu Rathaus)

New town hall (architect G.I. von Hauberrisser, 1867-1908), towering on Maria Square, is a masterpiece of the neo-Gothic style. To her tower (height 85 m) the famous chimes are built in. The two-story painted balcony reproduces two episodes from the history of Munich. On one - mechanical figures show the wedding of Duke William V with Renata of Lorraine, followed by a knightly tournament (1568) , on the other - they perform the dance of coopers after the end of the plague epidemic in 1517. Performances are held to the sound of bells (daily 11.00, in summer 12.00, 17.00, 21.00).

In the evenings, other figures can be seen in the windows of the seventh floor: a night watch with lanterns and a guardian angel with a Munich baby (in winter 19.30, in summer 21.30).

You can climb to the third tier of the town hall tower and admire the square from a height of 85 m (Mon-Thu 9.00-16.00, Fri 9.00-13.00).

Maria Square (Marienplatz)

Maria Square is the central one in the city. One of the most beautiful places in Munich! Life never stops here, except in the middle of the night. The square is decorated with the column of Mary (Marinensaule, 1638), on which the gilded figure of the patron saint of the city rises. The column was erected in memory of the expulsion of the Swedish troops in the Thirty Years War. On the base of the column, angels fight with allegorical figures (dragon, lion, snake, basilisk) depicting the numerous troubles of the townspeople: plague, war, famine and heresy.

Old town hall

Facade of the Old Town Hall (architect J. Ganghofer, 1470-1474) made in the Gothic style. It houses one of the most beautiful Gothic halls in Germany and houses the Toy Museum. (Spielzeugmuseum; daily 10.00-17.30).

To the south of the square is the Church of St. Peter (St. Peter; Mon-Sat 9.00-18.00, Sun, holidays 10.00-18.00)- the oldest parish church in the city (XIV century)... With observation deck on the tower of the church (almost 300 steps) there is a wonderful view of the city and - under favorable weather conditions - of the Alps.

Nearby - the Cathedral of the Holy Spirit (Heiliggeistkirche, 1392, rebuilt in 1725)... To the south of the cathedral is the city's food market - Viktualienmarkt (Viktualienmarkt, 7.00-18.00)... There are always fruits and vegetables, meat and various spices. From here, traditionally, the Munich carnival processions begin.

Court brewery (Hofbrauhaus - HB)

The brewery was founded in 1592 by Wilhelm V Wittelsbach to provide beer for "the court and the rabble" and so that "the cost does not exceed the pleasure." Placed it on the territory of the Old Courtyard. Wilhelm V loved dark beer, and at first, only this was brewed here - Hofbrau Dunkel. Brewery in two steps (in 1607 and 1809) was relocated to Am Platzl, where the Hofbrauhaus, the oldest restaurant in the city, is now located. The court brewery received the status of a royal court in 1806, when Bavaria became a kingdom. The building, which we see now, was opened after a general reconstruction in 1897. Lenin and NK Krupskaya visited here, who wrote that in the Hofbrauhaus "excellent beer erases all class contradictions." In the spring of 1919, the Bavarian Soviet Republic was declared at the Hofbrauhaus, and then, after its fall, Hitler spoke here several times at Nazi meetings. The restaurant seats up to 3,000 people: in the building - three floors and a summer beer yard ("Biergarten")... More than 10 thousand liters of beer are drunk here every day.

Old courtyard (Alter Hof)

The old courtyard, built in 1253-1255, is the first city residence of the Bavarian dukes, in which they were located from the 13th to the second half of the 14th century.

Residence (Rezidenz)

The residence is one of the oldest and most impressive historical monuments Bavaria. During the Second World War, she was badly damaged. Many valuables were taken to a safe place in advance.

Inspection is carried out individually and with excursions (daily April - October 20 9.00-18.00, October 21 - March 10.00-18.00; closed: December 24-25; December 31 - January 1)... Treasury of the Wittelsbachs (Schaftzkammer) occupies ten rooms on the first floor of the Royal Palace (Koenigsbau) designed by architect L. von Klenze. Works of art of late antiquity and the Middle Ages, Gothic and Renaissance, Baroque and Classicism are presented. Pay attention to the golden cyborium (sanctuary with altar) King of the East Franks Arnulf of Carinthia (890) , cross of Queen Gisela (1006) , the crown of the queen of England (1370) and decorated precious stones graceful gilded equestrian statuette of the knight of St. George (1599) by Friedrich Sustris.

To the left of the entrance to Royal Palace housed six Halls of the Nibelungs, the walls of which are decorated with huge colorful canvases with episodes of the "Legend of the Nibelungs". The first floor also houses the Ancestor Gallery (Ahnengalerie, Rococo, 17th century), which presents 121 portraits of the rulers of Bavaria and their relatives up to 1913, among them the portrait of Charlemagne. The ceiling of the gallery is richly decorated with gilded stucco moldings.

The oldest parts of the Residence include the huge Antique Hall (Antiquarium) located in the central part architectural ensemble... The antiquarium was built in 1571 during the reign of Duke Albrecht V (1550-1579) ... On the first floor there was a collection of antiques, on the second - a library. After the Second World War, only walls were left of this luxurious room. Only the first floor has been restored, where almost 300 antique busts are lined up under an arched vault - most of the sculptural works from the collection of Albrecht V.

The Great Imperial Court and the buildings surrounding it along the perimeter were laid down at the beginning of the 17th century. The premises were intended for temporary visits by the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. It is interesting to visit the Stone Rooms decorated with pink marble (Steinzimmer), see the Imperial Staircase (Kaisertreppe) 34 m long and Imperial hall (Kaisersaal, 34 x 15 x 10 m) decorated with unique tapestries on the themes of the Old Testament, ancient history and paintings symbolizing Monarchy, Wisdom and Glory.

The Imperial Residence Complex currently also houses the National Assembly of Egyptian Art. (Sammlung Agyptischer Kunst; Tue-Fri 9.00-17.00, Thu 9.00-21.00, Sat, Sun 10.00-17.00)- one of the best in the world.

The Residence complex also includes the luxurious Cuvillier Theater (Cuvillies Theater, Rococo, 1751-1755)... The author of the project is the court architect François de Cuvillier (1695-1768) .

It is also interesting to see the luxurious State Chambers, the walls of which are covered with beautiful ornamentation of gilded palm leaves, the Battle Halls (Schlachtensalle), where canvases on battle themes are exhibited, the Courtyard with a grotto (Grottenhof) and the palace temple of All Saints (Allerheiligen-Hofkirche, architect L. von Klenze, 1837)- surprisingly light, full of "sunny mood" building. In all rooms, you can only take pictures without flash.

The residence is a must-see for every tourist coming to Munich!

Maximilian Street starts from Max-Joseph-Platz (Maxilianstrasse)- Munich Broadway. There are theaters, cafes and restaurants, shops, boutiques of leading fashion houses.

Cathedral of the Order of the Theatiners (Theatinerkirche)

In the architecture of the cathedral (architects A. Barelli, E. Zucalli, F. Cuvillier, 1663-1767) Italian influence that adorns Odeonsplatz (especially baroque towers), the height of the dome of the church is 71 m. In the cathedral there is the tomb of the Wittelsbachs.

Nearby is the Generals Pavilion (Feldherrnhalle, 1844), built in memory of the military leaders Johannes Cerklas Tilly (1559-1632) , who commanded the troops of the Catholic League in the Thirty Years' War, and Carl Philippe von Wrede (1767- 1838) , who led the Bavarian troops in the war with France (1813- 1814) .

In 1923 here, on the Odeonsplatz (Odeonsplatz), there was a clash between the Nazis and the police during the "beer" putsch. In memory of the killed policemen, a memorial plate is mounted on the building to the left of the Hall of Generals.

Priising Palace (Preysing Palais, splendid Rococo façade, 1728)- shopping arcade. Ludwig street from Odeonsplatz to the north (Ludwigstrasse) built up with buildings in the classicism style.

Court Garden (Hofgarten)

On the left there will be an arcade gallery with a wall painted with historical themes. In the center - an octagonal pavilion (1615) crowned with a symbolic bronze figure of Bavaria. Around there are flower beds, fountains, comfortable benches. In the background on the north side next to the Hofgraben canal is the modern building of the Bavarian State Chancellery (Bayerische Staatskanzlei, 1989-1993).

University named after Ludwig Maximilian (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat)

The university is located on the square of the brother and sister Scholl (Geschwister Scholl-Platz)... It was founded in 1472 in Ingolstadt. At the beginning of the 18th century. transferred to Landshut, and from there in 1826 to Munich. The university is renowned worldwide for its outstanding research in the field of chemistry. Such famous scientists as J. Liebig, A. Bayer and others worked here. The University gave the world 12 Nobel Prize winners. He is the best in Germany. It employs about 4,000 employees (including 700 professors), 47 thousand students study at 16 faculties, approximately every fifth is a foreigner.

During the days of the Hitlerite dictatorship, an underground organization "White Rose" operated at the university. It was headed by students - brother and sister Hans and Sophia Scholl. They were executed on the guillotine by the Gestapo in February 1943. One of the leaflets against the National Socialists came to the British. It was duplicated in 1.5 million copies with the signature: "German leaflet - manifesto of Munich students" - and dropped from planes into Germany. So Munich, where German fascism was born, became a hotbed of resistance to it. The leaflets that Hans and Sophia Scholl threw at the university are now permanently reproduced on the pavement at the main entrance. In the foyer - a small Museum of the organization "White Rose" (Mon-Fri 10.00-16.00, Thu 10.00-21.00, admission is free).

Victory Arch (Siegestor)

The arch was erected under Ludwig I in honor of the Bavarian army (1852) ... It is decorated with a quadriga of lions ruled by Bavaria.

Munich museums

Alte Pinakothek

Located in a building built in the Venetian Renaissance style (architect Leo von Klenze, 1826-1836)... It was based on the personal art collection of the Wittelsbachs, which Ludwig I decided to make available "to his people for pleasure and instruction." The most famous and most visited museum in the city! About 9000 works are kept here (XIV-XVIII centuries)... Among them: "Madonna and Child" by Leonardo da Vinci, "Descent from the Cross" by Rembrandt, "Soldiers Tear Off Christ's Clothes" by El Greco, "Portrait of Charles V in an Armchair" by Titian, "Land of Plenty" by Peter Bruegel the Elder. The Pinakothek collection contains paintings by German and Dutch artists of the 15th-16th centuries, Dutch, Flemish and Italian masters of the 17th century. The famous Flemish painter Peter Paul Rubens is very fully represented.

Barerstrasse, 27. Open: Tue 10.00-20.00, Wed-Sun 10.00-18.00; Closed: Mon and 1, 5 January, 24, 25, 31 December.

New Pinakothek

Works by Goya, Delacroix, Gauguin, Toulouse-Lautrec are presented. There are Impressionist paintings, including the famous "Sunflowers" by Van Gogh and "Breakfast on the Grass" by Manet.

Barerstrasse, 29. Open: Mon 10.00-20.00. Wed-Sun 10.00-18.00; closed: emu 1, 5 January, 24, 25, 31 December.

Museums at Kingsplatz (Konigsplatz)

The Royal Square is one of the most impressive in the city. It is surrounded on all sides by buildings and museums built in the classical style. Having been here, you will understand why Munich has earned one of its names - "Athens on the Isar River".

Propylaea (Propylaen, architect Leo von Klenze, 1846-1860)- a monument to the union of Bavaria and Greece - were erected on the model of the Athenian Acropolis.

Museum "Antique Collections" (Antikensammlung) located to the right of the colonnade (if you stand with your back to her)... Shown here is the world's finest collection of antique vases (IV-V centuries BC)... Open: Tue-Sun 10.00-17.00, Wed 10.00-20.00.

Glyptotek (Glyptothek, architect Leo von Klenze, 1816-1830)- Museum of Antique Sculpture - located on the left. It is one of the oldest museums in Munich and the first museum in Europe to open to the public. The collection of antique sculptures collected by Ludwig I of Bavaria is presented. Here you can see works covering the period from the 6th century. BC e. until the IV century. n. e. There is a small cozy cafe in the amazing courtyard, made in a classic style. Open: 10.00-16.30, Thu 12.00-20.30, Mon closed.

Lenbachhaus Villa

V beautiful building in the Florentine style, there are collected works of painting masters of Munich of the 15th-20th centuries. Here is the world's largest collection of expressionist artists of the Blue Rider group (1911) , including V. Kandinsky. Branch - gallery Kunstbau (Kunstbau)- presented there modern Art... Entrance via U2 Konigsplatz metro station, Luisenstrasse 33. Open: 10.00-18.00, closed Mon.

Deutsches Museum

The Deutsches Museum is the largest museum in the world dedicated to science and technology. Amazing meeting! Somewhere deep underground there is a drilling rig and a coal mine, in its countless drifts it is easy to get lost, if there are no signs. In the basement are real submarines, at the entrance level are ships and ground crews, even higher are planes, and under the very ceiling are spaceships. Almost all cars are authentic, shown in development: from the first samples to modern models. In the museum you can see the very first steam engines, steam locomotives, cars. Schoolchildren are mesmerized by the model Railway, chemical reactions taking place right there, the offices of famous scientists with wax figures and ancient instruments. It takes more than one day to see everything: on a huge area - 45 thousand square meters - 17 thousand objects are located! The creator of this miracle is the engineer Oscar von Miller. The museum has a "Forum of Technology", dedicated mainly to space exploration, and the world's most modern planetarium - up to 9000 stars, solar system and much more.

m. S1 to the stop "Isartor", tram number 17, 18 to the stop "Deutsches Museum". Open: daily 9.00-17.00

Museum "BMW" (BMW-Museum)

The museum is located next to the "four cylinders" - the headquarters of the automobile concern "BMW" ("Bayerische Motoren Werke")... The exposition is presented on several floors. Exhibits located on the lower levels are visible from the upper platforms. Near each stand is a connector where you can turn on the issued headphones. The exposition presents not only various brands of cars, but also motorcycles, aircraft engines, and airplanes. You can see, for example, "Izetta", a car of the early XX century, which had to sit in the front, not the side, or an open BMW-507 Roadster - Elvis Presley's favorite car. The cinema hall periodically shows films about "BMW". At the simulator stands you can “ride” around Munich using the company's navigation system. For tourist groups excursions are organized both to the concern itself, to the Four Cylinders, and to the BMW factories in Munich, Regensburg and Ingolstadt.

m. U2 and U3 to Olympia-Zentrum station, Petuelring, 130. Open: daily 10.00-20.00

Beer Festival (Oktoberfest)

This main and most famous holiday in the city dates back to the wedding of Crown Prince Ludwig Wittelsbach (later King Ludwig I) and Princess Teresa of Saxony-Hildburghaus, which took place in Munich on October 12-17, 1810. Drinks and food were displayed for all the townspeople. Gathered 40 thousand people. The merry celebration became traditional, and the meadow was named after the bride.

Nowadays, every year, on the penultimate Saturday of September, exactly at noon, the burgomaster of the city with a huge crowd of people with the words: "O" zapft is "!" ("The cork went, and the beer poured!") opens a barrel of beer. The first mug goes to the Prime Minister of Bavaria. On this holiday, huge pavilions filled with tables and benches are erected on a meadow equal to 55 football fields. They are filled with the audience, singing songs, swaying on benches and even dancing on tables. At least 5 million people come to Oktoberfest. The holiday is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest beer festival in the world. At one Oktoberfest, visitors drank 5.8 million liters of beer, ate 120 bulls, 500 thousand sausages and 2 million Bavarian "Bretzels" - salt-sprinkled pretzels.

There are numerous attractions around the beer pavilions, the Ferris wheel is spinning, shouts and squeals from the "roller coasters" are heard, music is playing.

24 Jan

Munich - München

In this article, you will learn:

Munich is one of the largest cities in southern Germany, founded in 1158 and the capital. It is a large rapidly developing industrial center. Electrical, engineering, printing, sewing and chemical enterprises are located here.

The scientific field is widely developed in Munich. It is home to many universities, as well as one of the largest European public libraries.

Munich is known for its large brewing production and traditions of drinking this drink. Munich breweries serve - festivities, beer festival, famous all over the world. It is celebrated on a grand scale in September - October every year on Terezin Meadow.

Story

The status of the city of Munich was given by the Bavarian ruler Heinrich Leo. Soon, city walls were erected around the settlement, and a long and rich story Munich. After the unification of all the duchies of Bavaria in 1507, it became its full capital. During the course of the Thirty Years War (1618 -1648) Maximilian, who was at that time the Duke of Bavaria, took an active part in it. At one time, Napoleon paid a friendly visit to Munich. In 1818, the Constitution of Bavaria was first adopted.

The First World War is memorable for Munich because it was heavily bombed. And the post-war period became a difficult period for the city. The year 1923 was marked with the beer coup. Then Hitler carried out the first unstressed attempt to carry out a coup d'etat, during which he was arrested. But, this did not prevent the city from remaining the main city of the National Socialists.

Beer putsch "We want beer"

Second world war the city has undergone very significant destruction. During the post-war reconstruction, it was decided to keep the original layout as accurately as possible. Today in Munich there is a fairly high standard of living - high quality and comfortable. It is a city characterized by a thriving economy and a wide variety of cultural life.

sights

Munich is a city-museum, a place of accumulation of masterpiece architectural monuments, a venue for the Oktoberfest and just a city worthy of attention tourist. There are so many attractions in Munich and its environs that it is simply impossible to list everything. But the places that every tourist must see will be described below.

Marienplatz and New Town Hall

The center of Munich is crowned by the main square of the city of Marienplatz with a Gothic palace called the New Town Hall. According to historical data, the town hall was built in the late 19th - early 20th centuries, although looking at it gives the impression that it is much older and has stood on this place for more than one hundred years.

Marienplatz and Frauenkirche (in the background)

Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Frauenkirche)

The most high building Munich. The authorities are forbidden to erect buildings higher than the Cathedral of St. Mary.

The cathedral is, in fact, the crypt of the Wittelsbach family, who have ruled Bavaria for over 700 years.

The cathedral is built in the Gothic style and looks majestic, but for some reason it is not very welcomed by the locals, who contemptuously speak of this landmark of Munich.

Outwardly, an imposing and solid temple does not make the proper impression when visiting it; inside, according to reviews of numerous visitors, it is uncomfortable, cold and miserable. Perhaps on the attitude local residents influenced by the political background of the ministers of the temple and their arrogance towards their parishioners, although this is another story.

Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary

Old town hall

This building is much more laconic, does not have the same elegance of decoration as the New Town Hall, and dates back to more early years the buildings.

Old town hall

Glyptotek

Place of accumulation of works of ancient sculptors of ancient Rome and ancient greece... The museum was founded under King Charles I. Statues of various mythical characters can be seen in the Munich Glyptotek.

Glyptotek

Dachau Monument Museum

This is probably one of the scariest museums of our time. A museum saturated with heavy energy, filled with the memory of thousands of deaths of children, women and men during the Second World War. The museum was founded on the site of a former Nazi concentration camp. Only the sculpture erected at the entrance to the museum conveys the entire tragedy of those times.

Dachau Monument Museum

St. Peter's Church

Munich's oldest landmark with ancient history, the church has survived many fires and renovations, after which it successfully combines various styles of architecture.

Peterskirche church

Church of St. John of Nepomuk

This temple is better known as the Azamkirche Church. This name originated among the people due to the fact that it was the Azam brothers who erected this temple on a small piece of land, they were able to erect a truly fundamental work of architectural art. The interior decoration of the church is stunning with splendor.

Church of St. John of Nepomuk

Olympic Park

Munich Olympic Park was built to host the 1972 Summer Olympics. This favorite place for recreation among the residents of Munich, various cultural events are held here. Olympic complexes serve as training and sports bases for the preparation of athletes and for sports activities of ordinary citizens.

Olympic Park

BMW Museum

The sanctuary for fans of the German car brand is the BMW Museum. The whole history of the creation of one of the favorite brands of the German car industry. More than 120 car models, from the very first to the latest developments of the corporation. Huge selection of motorcycles. This museum will definitely be appreciated by men, however, girls will also be interested there.

Museum opening hours are from 10 am to 6 pm daily, except Mondays. The ticket price is from 6 (children) to 12 (adult) euros. Discounts for families and groups.

The museum is a 15-minute drive from Munich.

BMW Museum

Oktoberfest

The main influx of tourists in Munich coincides with the main event in Bavaria -. Hundreds and thousands of tourists from all countries come to this grand celebration dedicated to the favorite drink of the Bavarians. Beer flows like a river, tons of sausages are eaten, joyful mood reigns everywhere. Many connoisseurs of a foamy drink dream of a vacation in Munich at Oktoberfest.

Oktoberfest

One of the largest museums of scientific and technological achievements is located in the city. Unusual museums include the Toy Museum.

Munich Toy Museum

A trip to Munich and acquaintance with its main attractions will surely be remembered by every traveler. The capital of Bavaria warmly and cordially welcomes visitors!

Sport

The variety of varieties presented in Munich allows everyone to find something to their liking. Close proximity to Alpine mountains gave impetus to rapid development alpine skiing and tourism.

Seasonal mass rollerblading on the streets of the city has become a tradition on Monday evening every week. Also in the tradition are marathon races, which are organized twice a year.

Beach volleyball is very popular during the summer season, and tournaments are held on major beaches.

Of particular note is football. - the most famous German football club, which has a huge number of titles. The famous Allianz Arena is the home stadium of the grandiose club. Hockey and basketball are also well developed in Munich. At one time, the city hosted the Olympic Games and the World Championships in football and ice hockey.

club Bayern Munich

Transport

The main urban transport is electric trains and metro. Munich has a well-developed bus and tram network. Main Train Station Munich has a huge passenger traffic and serves more than three hundred thousand passengers a day. In addition, there is the East Station and Munich-Pasing in the west. Regional and international high-speed trains run through them.

Munich Airport is one of major airports Germany, passing up to fifty million passengers a year.

The cheapest tickets from Moscow to Munich and back

departure date	Return date	Transplants	Airline	Find a ticket
		1 transfer
		2 transfers

Munich is an important part of the motorways in southern Germany. From it begins the movement to various regions of the country. From it you can go to Austria and Italy.

There are several transport rings in the city: the old town, the autobahn and the middle one. Driving in cars is greatly complicated by constant traffic jams.

Taxi

A taxi in the city is not a cheap landing costs 3.5 euros, plus for each kilometer you pay 1.5 -1.8 euros. Also, if you have a large luggage, the taxi driver will charge you 1.2 euros.

Bicycles

Munich is a city where cycling is well developed. Renting a bike will cost you 3 euros per hour. Gathered to ride all day - 15 euros. (As elsewhere, you will be charged a deposit of 50 euros).

Excursions

Gathered to visit Munich, the Tripster service will help you choose an excursion to your liking. Excellent guides or ordinary people living in Munich are ready to show you the city, its sights and beauty.

Where to stay in Munich

We invite you to take a look at the hotels located near the city center.

Hotel	Stardom	Discount	Price per night, from	Select dates
	★★★★★		20 736 17 432
	★★★		9 288 8 489
	★★★★		96 457 50 512
Mercure Hotel München Altstadt	★★★		13 230 9 785
Platzl Hotel - Superior	★★★★		13 867 12 701
Living Hotel Das Viktualienmarkt by Derag	★★★★		14 013 13 203
Hotel Blauer Bock	★★★		14 075 12 584
	★★★		12 118 11 340
Mandarin Oriental, Munich	★★★★★		48 536 41 991
	★★★★★		29 598 23 231
Hotel an der Oper	★★★★		12 636 11 729
Hotel Falkenturm	★★★		9 299 6 416
	★★★★		19 484 14 991