Dependent countries of Oceania. List of states and dependent territories of Oceania

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Geographical position of Oceania of the group of islands and archipelagoes of the Western and Central Parts Pacific Ocean combined into the geographical area under common title Oceania. Historically, the division of all islands into four ethnographic-geographical areas: Polynesia (Tonga, Samoa, Cook, Hawaiian, O. Easter, etc.), Melanesia (oh. New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon O-Wa, etc.), Micronesia (Marshall, Mariana O-Wa and [...]

Australia is the smallest and amazing mainland. Australia discovered America later. All mainland occupies one state - the Australian Union. Australian continent is the most flatter of all the mainland and the most dry. One of the features of the country of the continent is the absence of young mountains, glaciers and acting volcanoes on it. Australia earlier than other continents, approximately 150 million years ago, separated [...]

If you look at the map of the Pacific Ocean, you can see the largest cluster of the islands on our planet - Oceania. Islands - and large, and small, and very tiny - there are more than ten thousand. They are divided into polynesia (in Greek it means "a lot of islands"), Micronesia and Melanesia. Many Ocean Islands are coral atol. However, most of them - [...]

The total area of \u200b\u200bOceania is 1.3 million, km2, and the 90% of the territory occupy two islands - New Guinea (her east End) I. New Zealand. Oceania's Europeans became known in the XVI century, since the first around the world travel F. Magellan. The special chapter in the history of its discovery and research is the campaigns of Russian navigators. Only in the XIX century. On Oceania Islands [...]

Oceania is called the islands and archipelagoes of the islands, lying in the central and southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean north and northeast of Australia between 28 ° S.Sh. and 53 ° Yu.Sh.; 130 ° V.D. and 105 ° zd This island world includes almost 7 thousand islands. The total area of \u200b\u200bOceania Island Sushi is about 1.3 million km2. This is just 2% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe water area [...]

New Zealand is located 1500 km east of Australia between parallels 34 and 47 ° YU. sh. This is the only group of Oceania Islands, lying in subtropical and moderate latitudes. The region includes two major islands - the northern and southern, separated by the Strait of Cook and a few small islands. Their total area of \u200b\u200b268.7 thousand square meters. km, she is somewhat [...]

This islands group is located in the central part of the Pacific Ocean south of the Northern Tropic. For its origin, it is close to the islands of Central and South Polynesia. On the islands risen extinct and existing volcanoesFolded by basalt lavs and represent a classic example of so-called panel volcanoes or Hawaiian type volcanoes. During their eruptions, the lava is overflowed through [...]

Almost all of the islands of Central and South Polynesia - Samoa, Cook, Society, Tubui, Marquis, and others, lie south of the equator, only a part of the Line Islands is located in the northern hemisphere. These archipelagos are usually elongated from the North-West to the southeast along the lines of faults crossing the Pacific Crystalline Blub. Most of the islands of volcanic origin and are folded by the strata of basalt lava, some of [...]

Oceania Micronesia includes many small islands scattered on the huge space of the Pacific Ocean north of the equator - the island of Mariana, Anson, Caroline, Marshall and Palau, as well as the Hilbert Archipelago, which partially lies in the southern hemisphere. All Islands of Micronesia Coral or Volcanic Origin. Among Mariana Islands There are existing volcanoes. Volcanic islands are usually horizons and rise above [...]

These islands are located in the southern hemisphere between the 10 ° Parallel. sh. and southern tropical. The largest of them are mainland origin. They are the tops of the plunged mountain chains Australlesian orogenesis, which rise to 1200-1600 m above the ocean level. Islands are composed of crystal and metamorphic rocks, which contain deposits of copper and other non-ferrous metals. These breeds [...]

Tasmania Island forms a separate physico-geographical area of \u200b\u200bmoderate latitudes of the southern hemisphere. Its area is 67.9 thousand km2 from the mainland of Australia, it is separated by a 40 km wide strata. According to the relief and the geological structure of Tasmania, it is the continuation of the East Australian Mountains. It consists of a plateau with raised edges and a slightly flashed middle part. Plateau is composed of deployed dontacebrry and [...]

Oceania countries (with the exception of New Zealand and Hawaii) are mainly agrarian. Oceania's commodity agriculture produces mainly products with demand in the global market: copp, coffee, cocoa, vanilla, tropical fruits, cotton. In addition to tropical agriculture, a small development in Oceania received animal husbandry - breeding of large and small cattle, pigs, birds. In the fuel and energy industry, small [...] predominate

On the planet. Interesting events and facts are associated with culture and history of Oceania. For example, it was here that many ghost islands were mistakenly open during great geographical discoveries.

Where Oceania is located

Oceania countries are located on the islands in the waters of the West and the center of the Pacific Ocean. Oceania call a totality of several thousand islands located between Malay archipelago and Australia. The territory geographically, from the times of the French navigator Dumon-d'Yurville, is divided into Micronesia, Polynesia and Melanesia.

Micronesia includes a number of small islands in North-West Oceania. Polynesian islands form a triangle in the east, the upper vertex of which are Hawaii. Melanesia is the territory of the southwestern part.

Oceania Islands

The total area of \u200b\u200bthe Sushi Islands of Oceania is 1.26 million square meters. - This is the largest concentration of the islands in the world. The climate and relief of each island is unique.

Basically, the islands have coral or volcanic origin. There are among them those that are vertices of underwater volcanoes or ridges. Volcanic activity And earthquakes are now observed on the islands. The largest objects located closer to Australia: New Guinea, Solomon islands, New Zealand.

Oceania countries

On the Ocean Islands there are sovereign and borders of states pass along the waters of the Pacific Ocean. Part of the islands is owned by Europe and America.

In foreign geographic literature, Australia and Oceania are combined under the overall name of Oceania. Considering this feature, such a sovereign state can be noted as Australia with

There are countries in the oceania associated with European countries and the United States.

Among the islands of Oceania, there is also the Chilean province of Isla de Paskua, which includes several islands, including the famous Western part of the oceanic is the territory of Indonesia. Thus, the countries of the Oceania are also unique as the side of the light on which they are located. Here is the smallest non-European state in the world. Nauru - in Oceania, the number of inhabitants of about 13 thousand.

Tourism in Oceania

Oceania, following the Malaysian archipelago, in recent years has been actively developing the tourist market. Some islands, in particular Hawaii, became worldwide famous resorts. And Oceania is paying great attention to the development of tourist business, improving the quality of service, development tourist routes. Of course, Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand and Islands, are most developed. country belonging Europe and America. In Oceania, many tourists from Japan, South Africa, Canada, USA. From Europe, the flight to Oceania takes an average of 22 hours. So long flight and, accordingly, the cost of the flight is perhaps the only reasons that may be an obstacle to visiting the countries of Oceania.

Attractive Oceania countries for tourists, first of all, oceanic nature and beaches.

Oceania offers a wide selection of spa procedures. There are enough places for decent shopping. Active tourist will find a lesson in the shower. In Australia and New Zealand open ski resorts With multi-level tracks. Diving and snorkeling in the waters of the Pacific Ocean are diverse and fascinating.

Most popular resorts Oceania is Lahaina, Honolulu, Wailey (Hawaii), Bora-Bora, Tahiti, Fiji.

With the history of the opening and culture of Oceania countries are associated with many interesting facts. For example, the first in Australia for permanent residence from Europe went exile. Fiji Islands Europeans reached in the 17th century, but the colony here formed only in the 19th century, as the Aborigines Fiji were cannibals. 10% of the population of Solomon Islands are blondes: Explanations of the appearance in their DNA of a special gene, scientists could not give. The only state in the world that is located immediately in four hemispheres is Kiribati. IN Papua New Guinea More than 800 languages \u200b\u200bcoexist - this is the most multilingual country in the world. Previously, there were huge stones in the island group, with a diameter of up to 3 meters.

The article talks about states that are part of Oceania. Explains which of the countries of the region is located on the mainland. The material explains which peoples are the region and for what reason it is considered a little-seated.

Where are the countries of Oceania?

Oceania is a mass accumulation of islands that are localized in the south-western and Central Pacific water area. More than 11 million people live in this region. Oceania includes about four dozen states and territories, almost a century and a half of the ten (13) refer to sovereign powers. The region of Oceania is dismembered by three subregions.

According to the geological specificity and method of forming the Ocean Island are divided into:

• mainland islands;
• coral islands;
• islands of volcanic type.

Islands: New Zealand and New Guinea in their affiliation belong to large islands mainland type. They cover 87% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe territories. This islands with mountainous landscape, which are localized in the southwestern tip of Oceania, the remaining islands are dispersed in the Pacific.

Fig. 1. Ocean Islands.

Oceania Island is a third of the Pacific Water area.

Oceania island states are characterized by a low level of population. Representatives of the Australide Racial Group are the bulk of the population: Polynesians, Melanesians and Papuans.

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The list of countries of Oceania looks like this:

• Australia;
• Papua New Guinea;
• New Zealand;
• Solomon islands;
• Fiji;
• Vanuatu;
• Samoa;
• Kiribati;
• Tonga;
• Federated States of Micronesia;
• Palau;
• Marshall Islands;
• Tuvalu;
• Nauru.

Countries and capital of Australia and Oceania

This is the most unclosed part of the world. There are only 30 million people. The territory is characterized by a combination unique nature and modern megacities.

The largest state of the region is Australia.

Fig. 2. Canberra is the capital of Australia at night.

The only state in this area, which is on the mainland is Australia.

Many of the islands do not have independence - they belong to the territories of other countries.

The most important attractive objects of Australia and Oceania are oriented towards the natural specificity of the region. Traces ancient civilizations It is lost here, and the legacy of European colonialists is not as attractive due to a relatively recent history. The colonizers here settled enough recently. The most striking example can be considered the development of the territories developed island states From the point of view of modern architecture and infrastructure.

Fig. 3. Wellington - the capital of New Zealand.4.1. Total ratings received: 79.

Australia was opened at the beginning of the XVII century by the Dutch Admiral Willem Yanzzon. Prior to this significant event, the continent inhabited local aborigines, and after the appearance of Europeans began his modern story. Janzzon, like Christopher Columbus, did not know until the end of his life, he opened a new mainland. In 1770, the navigator James Cook approached the east coast of Australia and opened it, according to the official version.

Geographical position

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere of the Earth. This mainland is recognized as the smallest on Earth, the area is 7,659,861 km 2. The length from the north to the south is approximately 3200 km, and from west to east - 4000 km. Depending on the location, the climate has its own characteristics: in the south he is subtropical, in the central part - tropical, and in the north - subequatorial. Western and southern parts are washed Indian Ocean, and northern and eastern coast borders with Coral, Timor, Tasmanov and Arafur seas.

Through the Strait Bass are the Tasmansk Islands. The northern shores of Australia are the islands of Batters, Melville, Got Island. W. southern coast Within the mainland, the islands of Kangaroo, Flinders and King are located. Most. large islands In the West, Derek Hartog is considered, and on the eastern part - Fraser.

Main geographical characteristics

The main territory of the continent is located on the old Australian platform, the former part of the mainland of Gondwan in the southern part of the Earth. The prevailing form of the relief is the plains. Only 5% of the surface has a marker over 600m above sea level. The highest point Located in the Australian Alps - Kosyushko, 2230m height. The lowest mark belongs to Lake Air and is located in 16m below the sea level.

Basic Relief Forms:

• West Australian Plateau, having raised edges in the form of Masgrave Mountains (1440m) and Mac-Donnell Range (1511m) in the East, Kimberly Massive (936m) - in the north, Sandy Range Hammersley (1251m) - in the West and Darling Ridge (571m) in the southwestern part;
• Central lowland, the height of most of which does not exceed 100m;
• A large waterproof ridge having flat steep vertices, which in Western parts are moving to hilly foothills.

Countries of Australia and Oceania

The Federal State Australia is included in the Commonwealth, headed by the United Kingdom. The Australian Union unites 6 states ( South Australia, Western Australia, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania) and 2 territories (territory of the capital and northern territory). In the area of \u200b\u200bthe country, 7.7 million km 2 lives 18.2 million people, the main part of which Christianity preaches. The state language adopted English. The capital is the city of Canberra. The characteristic feature of the country is significant remoteness from other continents, all its boundaries are washed by the waters of the World Ocean ..

Oceania countries

Oceania is the most ambitious and numerous cluster of the islands in the world. In total, it consists of more than 10 thousand islands. Located in Square in 1.26 million km 2 in the Central and Western Pacific. In this part of the world, in addition to Australia, there are sovereign and independent states located on Ocean Islands. State borders pass along the waters of the Pacific Ocean. Conditionally all states of the region can be classified according to the degree of independence:

• Absolutely sovereign: Solomon Islands, Nauru, Vanuatu, Fiji, Kiribati, Palau;
• Almost independent statesincluded in the Commonwealth founded by Great Britain: New Zealand, Australia, Western Samoa, Tonga, Pop-New Guinea, Tuvalu;
• Half coloniaassociated with the United States of America: Micronesia, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Marshal Islands;
• Colony: French - New Caledonia, French polynesia; American - Eastern Samoa.

List of Australia and Oceania

Large countries of Australia:

(with a detailed description)

Nature

Nature, plants and animals of Australia

Australia received the title of the most environmentally pure continent. Approximately 5% of the land area is occupied national Parks and reserves that are of particular importance for the entire population of the planet. Some elements of the Australia ecosystem have similar features with Flora and the Fauna of South Asia, Antarctic and South America ...

The animal world of Australia does not have a rich variety, especially on the island territory. This is explained by the insulated location of the continent, the fauna on which was forced to develop regardless of other land plots. In total, the continent and the islands are 235 species of mammals, 720 species of birds, 420 - reptiles and 120 species of amphibians. Interesting fact: On the territory of New Zealand in the wild fauna there are no mammals, 93% of species and subspecies of birds are not found anywhere else, except for this area.

Australia's animal business card - single-pass and sampling mammals. Single-pass are preserved exclusively on this territory in the form of two families: waterproof and echidnovy. Despite the general poverty of the varieties of animals, the samples are presented here at 150 species: the silent amusements, predatory, silent moles, wombata, couscous, kangarov and many others.

Climatic conditions

Seasons, weather and climate of Oceania countries

Countries of Australia and Oceania are located in the latitudes of several climatic belts: moderate (considerable part Southern Island New Zealand), subtropical (in the north and south of tropics), tropical, subequatorial (island near Asia and Australia, as well as east of the 180th meridian) and equatorial (west of the 180th Meridian) ...

The average annual temperature in the area of \u200b\u200bthe tropics is approximately +23 o C, in the Equatorial part - +27 o C. At the same time, the difference between months and the time of year is practically not felt. The climate of oceania is largely determined by the action of trade winds, so the local population is accustomed to abundant and frequent precipitation. On average, over a year drops from 1500 to 400 mm pouring tropical rains. Here is the most wet place of the planet - the island of Kauai, which is on the eastern slope of the Vaileal Mountain. The absolute record of this area was delivered in 1982: for 365 days there was 16,916mm of precipitation here. It should be noted that some of the islands, because of the relief anomalies have a arid climate.

Peoples of Australia

Peoples of Australia and Oceania: Culture and Traditions

The mainland population according to the latest data exceeds 23.5 million people, of which 95% belong to the European-like race. These are the descendants of the Irish, Scots and the British immigrate here in the XVIII-XIX centuries. A little less, the descendants of the Germans, the Dutch, Greeks, Italians, Poles and Scandinavians occupy. Population census determined that some Australians also attribute Arabic, Chinese and African roots ...

A separate Australoid Ras represents the small tribes of the indigenous peoples of Australia - Aborigines. They live in small settlements in the northern, northwestern and central parts continent. The most common language of the continent is official language Australia - English. In addition to him, Italian, Arabic, Chinese and Greek speech sounds at the expanses of Oceania.