What is famous island Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka - Read about Sri Lanka before traveling to the island

D is far there in the heart Indian Ocean, located " paradise Island" - Sri Lanka. Someone mistakenly believes that this is part of India. However, it is not. From the shores of solar India, Sri Lanka separate the Polksky Strait and Mannar Bay. This is a place with its culture, a special flavor of traditions. The whole atmosphere of the island is impregnated with something charming-mystical and peaceful. No wonder Sri Lanka is called paradise on earth!

For the first time stepping on the island, it is difficult not to evaluate the scales of beauty and inspirations that these places are famous. But is it just incredibly bright sandy beaches with azure velvet water and tropical vegetation a soul will be happy? Not! Sri Lanka is something more than a place for active tourism. There is something here that it is difficult to find in the urban smith the usual everyday bustle. Consider what Sri Lanka represents.

Sri Lanka: Sights and features of the island

Sri Lanka is an island state located in South Asia near Indian. Official name States are the Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. This status entrenched the state in 1972.

The population of the island - 21.7 million people approximately for the period of 2018.

Communication languages \u200b\u200bare Sinhalean and Tamil. The people inhabiting Sri Lanka, in the total mass submitted by these two nationalities.

The main religion is Buddhism. Hinduism, Islam and Christianity are also common on the island.

The country is divided into nine provinces.

The isois is washed by the water of the Lakkadiv Sea and the Bengal Bay. With the southern part of India, Sri Lanka connects a huge fifty-meter man-made bridge, built in times of Ramayana. On the island a huge number of temples, parks and natural attractions. We will tell about some kind of corners of the island separately. But it is better to see it once to understand that he is called "Sri Lanka".

Sri Lanka: Where is the world map?

Sri Lanka on the map is marked with a "pattern", resembling a drop or a tear dropped from the cheek. This is all because one side of the island surpasses another. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe area is 65 thousand kilometers. A small state is located near the southern part of India. Finding India is easy to find Lanka. By the way, the size of the island is 50 times less than India.

Capital Sri Lanka

Jayavretepura-Cote in Translated from Sinhalean means "blessed city-fortress of approaching victory."

The official capital of the state under consideration is Sri-Jayavarerepura-Kotte. However, in fact, many consider Colombo capital. And not without reason. The residence of the president is located in Colombo. But the Supreme Court and Parliament are posted in Jayavarendura-Cott. This is a relatively small town, which concentrated most of governmental and administrative buildings. Many in this settlement of temples and cultural monuments. Architecture mainly in the colonial European style. Springs of the capital Sri Lanka - 17 square kilometers. The population of the city is about 115 thousand people. The name of Jayavarendura-Cott in Translated from Sinhalean means "the blessed city-fortress of the approaching victory."

Touries often carry excursions, as the place is interesting and from the point of view of architecture, and in terms of a special cultural color. After all, in the capital of Sri Lanka, ancient traditions carefully preserved. At the same time, the infrastructure of the city is developed. Comfortable transport junction, many hotels, restaurants and cultural centers There is in this corner of the island.

Combating in terms of improvement The official capital of Sri Lanka can except with Colombo. The city is located on the west coast of the island. This is the largest city of Sri Lanka State, with an area of \u200b\u200b37.7 thousand kilometers. The population is 800 thousand people. On this territory, the island concentrated the largest shopping centersMajor administrative facilities, banks and luxury hotels. Many are sent on excursions to Colombo. And someone prefers to rest there. This is a well-maintained area where you can find as the noise of urban bustle and secluded corners with beautiful natural landscapes.

Colombo Airport - Sri Lanka

Main air gates - international Airport Bandaranica is also not far from Colombo. This harbour Air Accept regular flights of different countries World. You can get to the nearest cities from the airport by taxi. The road will take no more than 1 hour.

How much to fly from Moscow to Sri Lanka?

The remoteness of this wonderful corner of the world from our country does not leave doubt that the best vehicle, allowing to get to the shores of Sri Lanka relatively quickly and without problems, is the plane. Distance from Moscow to island in a straight line - 6700 kilometers. Direct flight from Moscow to Sri Lanka will take approximately 8 hours and 40 minutes. In addition, wishing to go to Sri Lanka are offered flights connecting or transfer. The flight time with such versions increases and can take from 10 hours or more.

Visa

For traveling to Sri Lanka, the Russians need a visa. It does not depend on the time of stay in the state. Therefore, wanting to visit the paradise corner of the Earth, it is worth taking care of the receipt of a visa in advance. The visa time differences depending on the target (tourist, for living, labor). You can get this document online or personal request in the embassy.

Climate Sri Lanka

Many consider the island as an exotic resort. It's all about the features of the climate of this corner of the world. Sri Lanka is famous for a pronounced tropical climate. The division on the summer and winter periods is quite formal here. After all, the air temperature during the daytime is always consistently held in the area of \u200b\u200b28-30 degrees. The water temperature also pleases with high degrees. There are always comfortable conditions for swimming and beach holidays. However, there is a seasonal rain period on Sri Lanka. At this time, it is better to stay at home and not to visit the island, if you are not trained traveler, but a completely ordinary tourist. From May to October on the island there are torrential rains, which often pass into the state of the storm. Therefore, during this period, recreation is difficult and tourists on the island are significantly reduced.

Sri Lanka Kitchen

Traditional Lankan Spices (Vanilla, Cardamon, Pepper Carnation, Cinnamon), Fragrant Tea, Exotic Fruits - What is a small state, which is famous for this. Many of you drank Ceylon tea and did not even think that he was grown on the expanses of Sri Lanka. After all, the island believed the name Ceylon.

Local cuisine is spicy, bright dishes, but still not as sharp as in neighboring India. Having tried something cooked by local culinary traditions, you remember exactly this, and you may want to repeat! And also, it is worth saying that most of the residents of vegetarians. After all, the main religion is here - Buddhism.

Sri Lanka sights

You can fall in love with this island literally at first sight. Each corner is saturated with a special flavor. Here are everywhere resort zones. What part of Sri Lanka would neither go, everywhere there is something to see. Detailed description of attractions in the article about

Temple of the Tooth Buddha in Kandy

This is the most famous Buddhist temple on the island. The structure is part architectural ensemble royal Palace. Another name is Sri Dalad Maligava. Founded by the temple in the XVI century. However, the former temple building was destroyed and re-erected in the XVII century.

This is a permanent place of the pilgrimage of Buddhists. Incredible beauty architecture and genuine spirit culture are combined in this place.

Anoradhapura Anoradhapura

Ancient city - The capital of the Singal Kingdom is located in the north-central part of the state. Based on the place was still in the 10th century BC. In the anarch of Anuradhapura, you will find gigantic Dagins of Jevatanaram and Ruvanveli. Here is the sacred tree of Sri Mach Bodhi.

The ancient city is Polonnaruva

Another ancient city in Sri Lanka deserves the attention of travelers. For some period, Polonnaruva was lost in the jungle. Today she is included in the list world Heritage UNESCO. Here you will find the ruins of the city-Garden, the man-made lake, as well as other architectural monuments.

Nine bridge Demodar

There is on Sri Lanka "Bridge to the sky" - the famous nine-day bridge, located between the small mountain towns of Ella and Demodara. On this bridge still runs the railway (valid). Not only the architecture of the bridge is noteworthy, but also the fact that it was built without a single steel part. Bridge erected during the First World War.

Peak Adam

The cone-shaped rock with a height of 2.243 meters - Peak Adam, or Sri Pad. Many visit this attraction within the travel of the island. At the top of this elevation there is a temple in which the footprint is stored Buddha. Interesting the fact that this place is attractive not only for Buddhist pilgrims, but also for Hindus, Muslims, Christians.

These and others beautiful places The island will leave the indelible impressions of little stateThe name of the paradise! To visit this corner of the world - it seems to plunge into a fairy tale! Here you can touch another culture, feel completely different life rhythm, measured, leisurely, impregnated with century-old wisdom and special traditions.

It's useful and interesting to know!

Going to Sri Lanka, you should know several small features of the life of this country. For example:

• if you want to say "yes" gesture, then you need to turn your head, but nodes means "no".
• Point somewhere or something follows only with the right hand. The left hand is considered "unclean" and, offering this hand for a handshake, extending something to her or pointing somewhere, you will have a sign of disrespect.
• When visiting Buddhist temples and other shrines, the islands stands modestly, covered the body as much as possible.

Other features of island walks are more to everyday tricks. The climate on Sri Lanka is very hot and wet. If you wear a bad heat, you should walk for a short time, giving yourself a significant rest. Be sure to drink a lot of water and have a headdress with you, so as not to overheat in the sun.

On the island there are a lot of souvenir shops, markets and shops. Do not hurry to buy everything and immediately. It is better to bring something from the journey, really reflecting the local flavor. Sri Lanka has to purchase spices, fragrant tea or aromatic oils. Agree, it is interesting magnetics and baubles.

Here is such a wonderful island of Sri Lanka, washed by the waters of the Indian Ocean and the sea! Finding here, you begin to understand everything otherwise. Here you appreciate every moment of exhalation and inhale and truly enjoy every minute of being. Some everyday difficulties and concerns during such a journey go to the background. Comes understanding, paradise on Earth exists! So life is beautiful, this and every subsequent life ...

All about Sri Lanka, land of ancient ruins, religious relics, beautiful beaches and colorful reefs. Looks like India, but not she. We tell about the best places that you need to know and where to go.

The content of the article

Sri Lanka- This is a paradise island with rich historywhich entails travelers from all over the world and remains forever in their hearts. The island located in the Indian Ocean is exotic world romantic holiday and adventures in natural natural conditions. Each city of Sri Lanka is unique in its own way, one of his rich history, the second untouchability of the surrounding world, the third developed infrastructure for tourism.

General information about the country

Location

Sri Lanka - A small island in the Indian Ocean, located with the southeastern tip of India. Based on the area 65600 kV². This is a country that has everything: beautiful beaches, high mountains (more than 2000 m), tropical forests and many animals, such as wild elephants, leopards, sea turtles, dolphins and whales.

Capital

city of Colombo

Form of government

Mixed Republic

Religion

Buddhism 70%, Islam 8%, Christianity 6%

Sri Lanka is one of the most ancient countries of the Buddhist religion, which was first introduced on the island of the Son of Emperor Ashoka in the second century BC. In Anuraphapur installed a branch from the sacred tree of Bodhi, under the shadow of which the Buddha reached the enlightenment, she brought her daughter Emperor Senamitta. This relic is very honored in the Buddhist world. The atmosphere of Sri Lanka is literally saturated with religion, there are many sacred templesThe main one of which is considered to be the Church of the Holy Tooth Buddha, located in the ancient capital of the Singhalese State of Candy. Traditionally, the temple is visited with the flowers of the lotus - the symbol of purity and perfection. Although the lotus grows on the swamp, it is capable of growing beautiful and unpeaculated. The philosophy of Buddhism is based on the teaching, which is like a lotus man to clean his soul, overcome all the difficulties of life.

Language

Singhales - 74%, Tamil - 18%, others - 8%. On the english language About 10% of residents speak freely. The menu (in tourist restaurants) is served in Sinhalean and English.

Currency

Sri Lankan Rupee

Population

22 million people

Country telephone code

Climate when it is better to go

Tropicalclimate. On Sri Lanka, two seasons of monsoons are distinguished, which are held from May to July and from December to January. The average annual temperature is about 28 ° C in lowlands and about 18 ° C in high-mountainous areas.

The recommended time to relax on Sri Lanka is the time of the dry season - from April to November for the Eastern Coast and from December to March for western coast and central highlands. Christmas and New Year especially popular time to go to Sri Lanka

Do you need a visa to enter Sri Lanka?

Everyone who wants to visit Sri Lanka is obliged from January 1, 2012 to apply for a visa. The exceptions are citizens of the Republic of Singapore, the Republic of Maldives and the Republic of Seychelles. But do not worry, it is simple enough, the only thing you need to do is apply for an ETA online tourist visa before entering Sri Lanka. Online visa is valid for 30 days from the date of arrival and can be extended for up to six months. The cost of a visa is $ 35 (children under 12 free of charge).

If you failed to make an ETA in advance, you will need to go through the procedure for receiving at the airport, upon arrival (but it will have to pay $ 40, children under 12 years old)

What are the requirements for entry into Sri Lanka?

Sri Lanka is a very simple country for visiting, and there are not so many entries to enter. The only thing you need when entering Sri Lanka, in addition to the online visa, is at least one empty page in your current passport, which must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry, also a return ticket with The exact date of departure, the voucher, the migration card (necessarily filled in English, fill it with either on the plane or on the border) and the cash in the calculation of $ 25-50 per day.

Insurance

Never go on a journey without acting insurance! Travel insurance may seem expensive, but this is nothing compared to the fact that medical care can cost you even more expensive. This is the only thing you should never buy!

How to get to Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka is more convenient to reach the plane. In the season from Moscow, you can fly Aeroflot, in winter with the hands in Male (Maldives) are flying the following airline Turkish Airlines, Emirates, Etihad and Qatar Airways.

What to do in Sri Lanka?

On the island in an excess of the sun, the sea and sand. South coast It is considered the country's tourist center with golden sandy shores, calm lagunies and picturesque nature.

Types of restpresented by tourists on the island:

• surfing
• sailing
• windsurfing
• deep-sea fishing
• excursions sights

By virtue of a relatively small territory, the island is easy to explore, here a well-developed transport system, the basis of which is the bus and railway connection

Paradise corner of the Eternal Sun, the Motherland of Aromatic Tea and unforgettable rest - Sri Lanka reveals his arms for travelers and lovers active rest.

Places that need to be visited on Sri Lanka

On the island there are all sorts of monuments of culture and art in excess, eight of which are under the protection of UNESCO: - Anuradhapura - historical city; - Polonnaruva - a historic city; - Sigiria - rock fortress; - Singarage - Forest Reserve; - Candy is a sacred city; - Old part of the city of Galle with fortifications; Dambulla - Golden Temple; - Highlands of the central part of Sri Lanka.

In addition to the monuments of the history of Sri Lanka, the presence of nursery elephants, farms on the breeding of turtles, spice gardens. Near the city of Kandy is the largest in Asia botanical Gardenwhich presents rare tropical plants of a variety of shape and coloring.

National Kitchen Sri Lanka

Thanks to tropical climates Sri Lanka is rich Fresh fruits, vegetables and spices that are used in most dishes. Freshness plays a key role in cooking. Many families grow curry and vegetables tree, some of which are almost unknown outside Sri Lanka, such as Murung (drumstands), which are used in curry and accompaniment, and their leaves are a popular addition to beloved crab curry.

Simple food can consist of rice, sambol cooked with chili, pickles or chutney and of course vegetable curry or Dhala. also in local cuisine There is a huge assortment of meat, vegetable dishes and seafood dishes.

Sri Lankan cuisine - This is a time-consuming kitchen, as many dishes are complex in preparation. For example, Hoppers - These are pancakes from rice flour, which are used to brew curry and rice. Even more laborious are haircutswhich are subtle pods of rice flour, which are fired through the sieve and twist in a small round rug and a couple.

Pros and cons relatives on Sri Lanka

• Beautiful people. People on Sri Lanka are great! They are cute, kind and hospitable.
• Tasty food. Sri Lankan food fantastic! Their dish of rice and curry is particularly tasty.
• Excellent climate. On Sri Lanka, the subtropical climate, which makes the country ideal for visiting.
• Gorgeous beaches. Here you will find the most amazing beaches!
• wildlife. Despite the fact that Sri Lanka is a small island, there is great wildlife. You can see animals such as wild elephants, crocodiles, leopards, sea turtles, whales, dolphins and many beautiful birds.
• Everything is in accessibility. The best thing that Sri Lanka is a small island that makes it easy to travel and see a lot in a short time.

• Overestimated prices. Probably one is not a very good thing about the budget of travelers - these are growing prices in Sri Lanka. Just a few years ago, accommodation, transportation and entrance tickets to attractions and temples were much cheaper than today. Sri Lanka is more expensive than other Asian countries to which we are accustomed to, for example, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, Cambodia.
• For tourists all entertainment is more expensive. Foreigners have to pay much more than local residents to attend attractions and temples in Sri Lanka. Simply keep in mind that entrance tickets eat most Your budget while traveling in Sri Lanka.

Output

At Sri Lanka, representatives of different cultures and religions live as an amazing way, Buddhism is considered the main religion, the Buddha statues in various variations are found everywhere. It should be noted that photographing on the background of the Buddha is indecent, standing to the statue of the back, visiting the temples barefoot, and knees, shoulders and backs should be covered. In short, the natural beauty of Sri Lanka is closely intertwined with a rich history of the country.

Temporable tourists will appreciate the golden border of the beaches in length in hundreds of kilometers, transparent waters The Indian Ocean with a rich underwater world, rice fields, lakes and rivers, forests and mountains, from which waterfalls fall, the purest air, soaked with the aromas of jasmine and the lotus - the sacred flower of Buddhist religion. Welcome to the paradise - Sri Lanka!

The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is an island state in South Asia, better known as Ceylon, located in the southeastern coast of the Industan Peninsula. The capital is the city of Colombo.

Location and parameters of the island

Where is Sri Lanka on the world map, he knows, perhaps not every person. The country is located in the Indian Ocean water area on the island of Ceylon with coordinates: 79 degrees of East longitude and 6 degrees of northern latitudes. Opened by Portuguese Seafarers in the 1506th year.

Like some other states of South Asia, the country was colony. The island owned Portugal, Holland and England. The state received its independence in 1948 under the name Ceylon, and in 1972 the country began to be called Sri Lanka. From the Asian continent, Sri Lanka separates the Manars bay, about 50 kilometers wide.

The island has the following parameters:

• the area is 65600 square kilometers;
• length from south to north 445 kilometers;
• length from east west 220 kilometers;
• length coastline 1350 kilometers.

The northernmost point of Sri Lanka is Cape Pedro, the southernmost lighthouse in the village of Condra.

In ancient times, Ceylon island joined the Industrial Land Bridge, but at the end of the 15th century, as a result of the earthquake, lost land connections with Asian mainland. The island itself, having the shape of the egg, was called the pearl, a tear, "Sapphire Island".

Flora and fauna

Sri Lanka Island has a diverse vegetable and animal world. More than 250 species of birds are the permanent inhabitants of the island, about 200 species of birds - migrable from Europe, Siberia, Scandinavian countries that are wintering here. In the spring, about 250 types of butterflies migrates here.

The animal world of Ceylon, whose representatives are:

• buffaloes;
• boars;
• deer;
• shakals;
• the Bears;
• foxes;
• dichemes;
• elephants;
• monkey.

Over 70 types of reptiles flourishes on the island, including crocodiles, snakes, turtles.

Diverse world and flora on Sri Lanka. More than 3,000 species of all kinds of plants grow here, including ferns, orchids, medicinal herbs.

On the island there are reserves, national parks and reservations storing unique nature.

A country's economy

Sri Lanka is a multinational country. The population reaches 20 million people. Basic nationalities living on the island: Singals, Tamils, Muslims and Burgers. All of them are creating the country's economy.

Ceylon Island, where Sri Lanka is located, is 10% of the whole tea produced in the world. The country occupies the third place in the world after India and the PRC. Production of precious stones, cinnamon, rubber is also very developed here. And although the main industrial sector is the island is textile, due to the abolition of quotas for imports of clothing, local products have been replaced by Chinese.

The main Economic Center is the port of Colombo.

The main export goods of Sri Lanka are:

• clothes;
• gemstones: Sapphires, Emeralds, Rubins;
• rubber;
• coconuts;
• a fish;
• textile.

Imports country food, oil, transport, industrial equipment.

Recreation and tourism

Recreation and tourism plays a large role in the country's economy. All over the world know the place where Sri Lanka is located, because the island is known as the seaside resort recreation center. There are also religious-historical Buddhist monuments. Vacationers can visit the Temple of the Buddha Tooth in the ancient capital of Sri Lanka - Candy city.

Where Sri Lanka is located, there is no fuss and urban noise. Here are only nature and the sea. The main entertainment of holidaymakers are:

• underwater diving;
• picnic in nature;
• fishing;
• cricket.

Sri Lanka resorts

People who are going to hold the current vacation on Sri Lanka Island, should know the positive points of the selection of resorts in the country. These include:

• convenient and acceptable location of the resorts to the airport;
• exotic nature;
• compactness of the location of the resorts along the coastline, creating the possibility of visiting them by public transport;
• climate favorable.

Sri Lanka resorts are quite large. We list those of them that enjoy the greatest demand for tourists:

• Earved;
• Mount Laviglia;
• Tangale;
• Kalutara;
• Bentota;
• Hikaduva;
• Creek;
• Mirissa;
• Unavanta;
• Hambantota;
• Dickel.

Sri Lanka resorts. How to get? To each of the above-mentioned resorts of the island has the opportunity to get from the airport by the flight public transport For two to three hours. When choosing, it is necessarily taken into account: the presence of underwater flows and the height of the waves. The location where Sri Lanka is located is a subequatorial monsoon, from May to October carrying the most intense rains. Therefore, it is important to determine the time period of rest. It is also recommended to have as a map of the country itself Sri Lanka and tourist map The islands on which the main attractions are indicated.

Sri Lanka is a luxurious pearl in the Indian Ocean. This island state with more than 2000 years of history is considered to be a cultural and historic Heritage mankind. If we talk briefly, then Sri Lanka is tea, gems, rich history, surprisingly picturesque views, warm ocean and friendly people.

Geographic characteristics

Sri Lanka Island, resembling the outlines of the tear, is located in South Asia, 800 km from the Equatorial line. It is washed by the water of the Indian Ocean, the Manars and Bengal bays, the Polk Strait. In ancient times, Sri Lanka has connected with the mainland lands with adams bridge, but, as described in legends, in 1481, this shallow collapsed during the earthquake.

Island Area 65 610 km², in the Western Eastern direction, it stretches for 225 km, and in North South - by 445 km.

The relief on Sri Lanka is mostly lowered, and in the center there is a mountain range. The highest mountain - pidroudedlable (2524 m), but the greatest Sri Pada, which is known for the peak adams (2243 m), uses the highest fame. On the island there are 2 capes: from the south - dond, from the West - Dutch-Bay.

Inhabits Sri Lanka 21 million people. It so happened that the prevailing nationalities are Singles and Tamils, burghers, Maurians and Vedes (indigenous people) also live. Such a situation affected the language of the state: national Languages Singhale and Tamil, but often speak English.

Island history

In the written chronicle "Mahavams", which from the VI century. Until 1815, the Buddhists monks were set out detailed story island state.

Ancient city half-blooded

Initially, these lands inhabited the ancestors of the values \u200b\u200bthat belonged to the Austaloid-Negota race. As indicated in the chronicles, in 504 BC. Island lands won the prince from India Vidai. His followers managed Sri Lanka during the VI-V centuries. BC, and then many immigrants from India settled on its territory. Vijai gave the island such a name, as his genus called "Singhaladvipa". In the XVIII century, under the British, this name was reborn in "Cylon" ("Ceylon").

From the end of the III century. until the XIII century. The island belonged to Sinhalean kingdoms, and by the end of the XIII century. His land from the north and east were populated by large communities of Tamils. In the XV century, the island captured troops from China, after which small states were formed on its territory.

In the XVI century The coastal island areas were occupied by the exit from Portugal, which were built in Colombo fortress. The influence of Portuguese colonialists increased and intensified and increased, and by the end of the XVI century. They controlled the bulk of the island.

In the XVII century A colonializers from Holland came to replace the Portuguese: in 1638-1639, they managed to conquer the island lands almost entirely. Until 1796, the whole territory was in their power.

In 1796, almost the entire island switched to the UK, and in 1798 he became her colonial territory. The Kingdom of Kandy remains independent, but in 1815 and he was included in the composition of colonial lands.

Only in 1948, Sri Lanka emerged from under the dependence of Great Britain, but remained a dominion in the United English kingdom and acquired the name "Ceylon".

Since the island has ceased to be a colony of Great Britain, its newest history can be conditionally broken for periods:

• 1948-1972 - Dominion Ceylon. Autonomy in the Commonwealth of Nations under the guidance of the English ruler, nationalist reforms. Formation of prerequisites for the beginning of interethnic discord, antimiteline pogroms, the eviction of Tamilov to India, the uprising of 1971.
• 1972-1978 - Independent Republic. Closing of the military bases of Great Britain, nationalization of tea production.
• 1978-1983 - Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. Strengthening ethnic discord. The inner war in the state against the background of the fight against the rebels "TOTO", requiring autonomy and separation.
• 2009-2017 - recovery period. The embodiment of the rehabilitation program with all-round support for other states. The peaceful power change in 2015: the former Minister of Health Maitripal Sirisen won at early elections. Fruitful cooperation with international partners, economic growth.

Climatic conditions

The island is located in a tropical belt, respectively, the climate here is tropical - warm and with high humidity.

The temperature of the air is flat, the difference between the warmers and cold months is 2-3 ° C. The average annual temperature on the island is held from + 27 ° C to + 32 ° C, the exceptions are mountainous areas - from December to March at night it can be observed up to + 10 ° C.

In May - September, the coast in the West and the south are in the rainy season - they brings them to Musson from the southwest. From October to January, the rains dominate the northern coast, but there they cause a monsoon from the northeast. For the rainy season, powerful and short livne are characterized (they are on average 10-15 minutes, and at night), as well as powerful winds raising high ocean waves.

Thanks weather conditions, Sri Lanka can be rest on Sri Lanka, just in different fields:

• in winter (October - April) - in the southwest;
• in the summer (March - November) - in the northeast.

As for the Indian Ocean, its water has a temperature that holds within + 27 ... + 29 ° C.

Regions and cities

As part of the Republic of Sri Lanka, 9 provinces, they contain 25 districts. The official capital is considered to be Sri-Jayavarendura-Cott, where parliament and state judicial service is located. The government administration and the presidential residence are located in a nearby Colombo, which was recognized as an informal capital.

The following cities can represent the greatest interest for travelers:

Colombo. In the northern part of it is tourist centre Fort - Almost all hotels, shops, restaurants are located there.

Anurapura - town in the north-central province. He is known due to the temple and monastic buildings since the ancient times.

Candy - ancient capital The island state located in the central province. Every year, Esala Perahher festival is held in Candy, when they bring to demonstrate a religious relic - tooth of the Buddha.

On a lot of island good resorts. But the main issue for most tourists remains: "What resort prefer?". So:

Bentota is popular among young families, adventure lovers and fans of outdoor activities. A variety of serviceswhich can take advantage of tourists, are designed for any wallet. To read .

Peruvel is suitable for holidaymakers who came to Sri Lanka primarily for the sake of the beaches. At the same time, there are hotels and budget tourists, and for elite rest.

Lankan family on the beach of Vaddva

Vadduva known sandy beaches, along which many coconut palm trees. Tourist infrastructure It is not too developed here: there are several hotels, shops, restaurants and cafes, underwater diving center. Most those who love to dive into the culture of the country of travel.

Coggal is in relative remoteness from the civilized world, thereby attracting travelers who dream of a relaxing holiday. There is all infrastructure, there are even tennis courts and a golf course. To read .

Mount Lavinia is a rather large-scale center for commerce, industry and economics. Popular thanks to its extensive and well-kept beaches.

Nuwar Elia has the glory of one of the few cool oases In the hot country of South Asia with Victoria Park, Lake Gregory, a golf complex, hippodrome. But first of all produced in this area.

Hikkaduva - Mecca Daiving, known for its coral reefs and numerous inhabitants of the underwater world. In addition, tourist infrastructure is most developed here.

Tangalle is interested in numerous secluded bays, wide deserted beaches, Snorkeling places. More detailed resort Tangalle is described.

Dambulla. On this grief (its height is 350 m) there are several cave templeswhere the most extensive selection of Buddha's sculptures is presented. Built in the first century BC. - an important religious place for numerous pilgrims and interesting object for tourists.

Anuradhapura. This city on the banks of Aruvi's river in ancient times was the capital. " Old city"This is an archaeological zone, a couple of old temples, bell-shaped stupas (III - I century BC. Er), Museum of Archeology.

Polonnaruva. This city museum was at its time the capital, since 1982 he was protected by UNESCO. In this city, tourists are most attracted to the stone church and 4 of the Buddha's sculpture, cut out of whole granite blocks.

Fort Galle. The fortress, which is now in good condition, built the Dutch. They walked in 1640 the Bastion in the Portuguese, and the merit of the foundation belongs to them.

As for entertainment, it is from that island to choose from anything. IN entertainment complexesWorking in most resorts is offered to ride on a boat, "bananas" and skiing, and also take a parasailing.

From Ratmalana Airport, they organize flights by helicopter to many attractions, and in the park, the battle and mountains of Sigiria spend flights on a balloon.

There are many golf clubs on the island with beautifully equipped fields.

Night clubs and discos open after 22.00 and remain open until the morning. In Colombo there are almost 2 dozen casinos, almost all of them work around the clock. The greatest fame won in Colombo-3 Continental Club.

Sri Lanka Kitchen

The basis of the landscape kitchens make up a variety of fruits and vegetables, fish and seafood, rice. Meat here use very little, giving preference to pork and chicken, and the beef is not eaten at all, since the cows are considered to be sacred animals.

As in most eastern countries, Food on Sri Lanka is very acute. Curry - so here is called any dish cooked with a mixture of crushed powder with a variety of spices. Excessive love local residents To spices, especially Chilly, makes all the local food with fire acute.

Many Lankan dishes add coconut oil, juice, milk, chips from the pulp of this nut, palm nectar.

Food on the island Cheap: As a rule, lunch will cost approximately $ 2-4. Did the most expensive institutions designed for tourists, have to pay about $ 10.

Sri Lanka: The most important thing about currency

Sri Lanka money is Lankan rupees (LKR and RS). There are bills of 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000, and coins of 1, 2, 5 and 10 rupees.

Sri Lanka is allowed to import any amount of currency, but an amount exceeding $ 15,000 must be declared. During the importation of more than $ 5,000, the currency also need to declare if it is planned to take it back.

In Sri Lanka, it is equally convenient to take dollars and euros - the problems of exchange are completely absent.

Where to change currency

The exchange can be carried out in bank departments, exchangers, hotels, jewelry outlets - in large cities there are no difficulties with this. In areas where tourists are rare, make money exchange can be difficult, and this should be considered before traveling to such places.

Although "private traders" propose to exchange at the rate that has been profitable from the banking course, such operations are still better in official institutions. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that even in the exchange points that are very nearby, the course can vary greatly. Consequently, it makes sense to bypass several exchangers to choose the one that offers the most favorable conditions.

To make a return exchange, that is, to pass the remaining rupees in return for dollars at the rate of their purchase, you can before departure at the airport, but only if there is a perfect exchange (official exchanges give it when performing a currency transaction).

What you need to know about plastic cards

Plastic cards on the island are sufficiently common, in large cities with their help you can pay in many hotels and shops. ATMs are in all tourist zones, and even in most of the remote areas.

It should be borne in mind that some banks refer to Sri Lanka to high-risk states when performing transactions with plastic cards.

If you inform your bank in advance that the plastic card will be used in Sri Lanka, the likelihood that it will be blocked during the first use.

Transport on the island

If the trip to Sri Lanka is scheduled to be independent, without the help of the tour operator, then it is necessary to take care of the most convenient variation of movement.

Sri Lanka railway system serves the main cities of the island - the exclusion is the city in the north and east of the country.

The maximum fare from Colombo on any station is 300 rupees. The trains are very comfortable, and passengers can choose a car with any degree of comfort.

Many routes, especially in the part where railways Pass along the mountainous terrain, very picturesque. Tourists who want to admire local species can take advantage of special cars with large windows.

Aircraft

Aero Lanka air carrier flights from Colombo to such destinations:, Japhne - on far North countries.

Buses

Buses on the island are distinguished by inconvenience, but they are very cheap: just a couple of dollars you can drive through the whole island. Tickets for the Aux class buses will cost 2 times more expensive, but this vehicle is much more comfortable: air conditioners are installed and will definitely be provided planting. For large cities, flights of urban and private buses are provided, and traveling to them will cost approximately the same.

Car rental

On Sri Lanka, the car is rarely taken for rent, which is explained by the left-sided movement and poor compliance with the rules by drivers and pedestrians. Still in Colombo, you can rent a car:

• With a driver - The driver services are paid. Some drivers have a state license that allows such activities. Many of them talk in several languages \u200b\u200band have extensive knowledge about the island.
• Without driver - The average cost is 2400 rupees per day, it includes a mileage of 80 kilometers. All additional kilometers will cost 8 rupees each. Borrow car can driver aged 21 years.

In Colombo and the suburban area, it is convenient to ride a taxi. If payment is made on the counter, then the landing and 1st kilometer should pay 28-30 rupees, for each subsequent kilometer - 24-26 rupees. If there is no meter in a taxi, then you need to specify the price before the trip.

More popular for trips around the city is Tuk-Tuk - a small scooter on three wheels with a booth. Average payment for the trip: 1 km - 15-20 rupees.

How to get a visa on Sri Lanka

Since 2012, the Government of Sri Lanka introduced new rules for visiting the state by foreigners. Foreign citizens, including citizens of the CIS countries, receive a visa on the same conditions.

For short-term (up to 30 days) stay in Sri Lanka, as well as for transit travel, you need to get an electronic visa of Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA).

Means of communication

In almost all hotels there is a telephone connection, but the cost of calls from the room will be high.

Two most popular operators mobile communications - Dialog and Mobitel, a much smaller market share is occupied by Etisalat, Hutch and Airtel. The first 3 of these operators offer "Tourist Packages of Communications", which include different minutes of minutes for international conversations and calls within the country, as well as limited Internet traffic. You can buy the Dialog and Mobitel SIM card without leaving the Colombo airport.

Wi-Fi is at all large resorts. In the business centers of hotels for sale cards of different costs. It is also possible to connect with a USB modem - it is available in almost all corners of Sri Lanka.

Full name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
Capital: Sri Giaavretepura-Cott.
Area: 65,610 square meters. km.
Population: 21 675 648 people.
Official languages: Singal, Tamil and English.
Official currency: Lankan rupee.

In the warm waters of the Indian Ocean, there is a small island near the shores of India, in shape resembling a drop.

Everyone heard each heard at least once, and every day probably enjoy his gifts - delicious black or green tea. Its real name is rarely pronounced, but the "nickname" of Ceylon for rumors in many. It is Sri Lanka!

From the Peninsula of Industan Sri Lanka separates the non-Ukrainian Polki Strait.

Residents of Sri Lanka are called Lankans.

At the beginning of the 19th century. The island was a colony (dependent territory) of Great Britain and was called Ceylon, and in 1972 he became independent and received a new name - Sri Lanka, which means "Blessed Earth" in the Sinhalean language.

Because of the former domination of Great Britain, today on Sri Lanka almost everyone speaks English. Only he is not quite familiar. Often, a resident of the British islands or the United States will not understand fully Lankan, although he, and the other will communicate in the same language. All because the locals add a lot of "their" words into speech.

Flag of Sri Lanka is one of the oldest. It shows Sinhalean lion and two multi-colored stripes. The lion is a symbol of the progenitors of modern Lankans, green and orange stripes mean a few Muslims and Hindus, and the red part of the flag symbolizes the prevailing on the island of Buddhists. In the corners of the flag - 4 Listers Pypula - sacred for Buddhists of a tree.

Sri Lanka is the island of precious stones. In its depths - rubies, grenades, lunar stone, amethysts. But the "king" stones are sapphire - blue, pink, yellow, white and very rare stars. Lankan sapphire even decorates the English crown!

As in other Asian countries, the Sri Lanka is the popular velaiks with a motor. Here they are called "Tuk-Tuk". This is the only one safe tool Movement, as it can easily drive around any obstacle. On the streets of Lankan cities, chaos is going on! Local residents do not comply with the rules of the road. They can stop their vehicle When it swings and where it wanted only to skip a cow or go out to say hello to a friend who suddenly saw on the street ...

It is interesting!
To take out Lankan rupees abroad even as a souvenir is prohibited by law.

The umbrella on Sri Lanka is not a remedy for the rain, and the main protection of the sun. From the shower, which here go, he will not save, but under the hot sun without an umbrella. Therefore, umbrellas are sold even in grocery shops.

In the cafe, before putting a dish on a plate, a plastic bag is put on it. Thus, the Lankans observe hygiene, and no dishes after meals do not need.

One state - two capitals

Sri Lanka's small state boasts that he has not one capital, but two more! This is a major megapolis Colombo and a little-known town with a complex name of Sri Jiaward Danapura Cott. The first is the residence of the President of Sri Lanka, and in the second, the parliament of the country and the Supreme Court.

Translated from the Sinhale language Colombo means Mangrove Harbor. The city is really located in the area where there are many mangroves. But there is another version of the name. It is believed that so in honor of the navigator of Christopher Columbus, the city could call the Portuguese, who won Sri Lanka in the past.

Colombo - the largest city on the island and the largest port Sri Lanka. Here all the time is noisy and crowded, the streets are filled with cars and Tuk-Tuki. Colombo - single city Sri Lanka, where there are multi-storey houses and skyscrapers. And only here safely adjacent to the temples belonging to representatives of the three religions at once, - churches (Christianity), mosque (Islam) and Buddhist temples.
Colombo is one of the best Botanical Gardens of Asia. His raisins - house orchids and garden spices. The very rarest species of these plants grow in the world of orchids. And in the garden, all fragrant plants and herbs of Sri Lanka is collected. King Garden - Pepper, and Queen is cinnamon. It is thanks to the huge number of spices the island was wondering for many European countries. Their rulers have always dreamed of seizing fragrant pepper plantations, vanilla, cloves, ginger equal to which was not in the world.

Sri-Jiaward Danapura Cott - town in the suburb of Colombo. When at the beginning of the 16th century. The Messengers of the Portuguese King arrived on the island, the conductors managed the five-kilometer path between Colombo and Cott to stretch into a three-day hike throughout the island! It was done to confuse unborn guests and hide from them the exact location of the capital. The expression "go in the kitte" for the modern Lankans means to "drive by the neighbors".

The city of Colombo was the capital during the domination of Ceylon Portuguese, Dutch and the British. When the state became independent, the city's metropolitan function was received by the city of Cott.

Today, cott is a beautiful, quiet town, in which many universities, colleges. Lankan parliament is sitting here. For him, a luxurious building in the center of the city lake was specifically built. Different festivals and funny carnivals often pass on the streets, in which bright and beautifully dressed up elephants are often involved - symbol and pride of Sri Lanka.

Elephant city

In the past, elephants were the main transport on Sri Lanka. They transported people and cargo in the mountains and jungle. Today they make tractors and trucks, but the elephant is still the main animal and the symbol of the island.

Lankan elephant is different from his African brother. Residents of the hot continent of a larger size, their ears have another form and necessarily there are powerful testers. Sri Lanka elephants can be seen about one of 20 animals.

The elephant lives as much as a person - 70-80 years old. An adult animal weighs about 5 tons. On the day, he needs 250 kg of cane or coconut palm leaves and 200 liters of water.

For us, elephants are a symbol of wisdom and calm. But Lankans think differently. They consider the giants of a natural disaster and lead with them the struggle. Most animals are not killed by poachers. They are shooting ... farmers. Elephants will raise the fields, destroy the crops and even destroy at home. The flock of angry elephants can demolish the whole village! Giants do not stop either the fences, no traps, and try to "negotiate" with them useless. Lankan elephants are considered more aggressive and "stupid" than their African relatives.

Elephants on Sri Lanka every year becomes less and less. To protect animals from disappearance, an elephant pinnavel shelter was built on the island. This is a huge nursery where the elephant left without parents, disabled elephants and elephant pensioners live. By the way, the oldest animal here is more than 60 years old, and younger - only two months. It is dropped with warm milk from the nipple so that he fastened and felt well.

Elephants are the main participants of all holidays and festivals of Sri Lanka. They are dressed in special masks suits, decorate with jewels.

For speeches, elephants train for many years. When the elephants grow up, they "work out" the care and care of them the fact that tourists ride on their backs. This is the most popular attraction at visitors and the main business of local residents. Before riding an elephant saddown. It is done only for the sake of tourists. Sri Lanka residents are riding without a saddle. Keep equilibrium with horseback riding is very difficult, but an excellent review opens from the back of the animal. Traveling riding, make sure that the ebony seems only from the side. Despite his impressive weight, he moves almost silently. Usually an elephant comes with a pedestrian speed, but if necessary, giants can develop speeds up to 40 km / h.

An elephant arrived during the trip appetite, be sure to thank. The best way Do this - feed it with bananas - the most favorite elephant dessert.

Animal world Sri Lanka is very diverse. Beasts and birds on the island feel freely, they are not afraid of man and live next to him.

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