Opening of Oceania and Australia. Origin of the Names of the Archipelago Fire Earth

Russia has been cooked for too long in its own juice, while other countries furred the expanses of the oceans and made geographic discoveries. The first Russian round-the-world expedition took place only in 1803-1806, it was attended by the birth of Adam Johann von Kruzenshtern, in the Russian service known as Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern (1770 -1846), at the Nadezhda Slut and Yuri Fedorovich Lisansky (1773-1837) Slut "Neva". Already then there were expeditions Otto Evstafyevich Kotebu (1788-1846) at Brig "Rurik" in 1815-1818 and at the "Enterprise" Slut in 1823-1826, Bellingsgausen and Lazarev in 1819-1821, Vadima Vasilyevich Grama (1843-1890 ) On Corway "Skobeliev" in 1883-1885 and a number of others.

By that time, certain rules were established when opening unknown land, no one claimed on whose territory. For this, a sign on the open island was usually put. Of course, it was different, but in the overwhelming majority in the period of the XVI-XVIII centuries, the formal "taking to possession" of the newly open territory was considered as a condition that generates the right of sovereignty. Earth, "taken to possession", were no longer any draws (Res Nullius).

Installations on the joining of new open islands in Russian navigators were not. Russian navigators were opened in Oceania 15 islands, 32 atoll and 3 reefs, and in addition, 4 islands and atoll were applied to the map. At the same time, 17 of the open lands were opened by Russian navigators.

Especially major islands It was not open, it was too late. From relatively large islands, the islands of South and North Borodino can be noted, which were opened in 1820 and were fearful until 1889, when Japan attached them, they territorially obey Okinawa Prefecture. There are islands at a distance of 400 kilometers from Japan, currently there is a little more than 2,000 people.

Open Islands Russian navigators gave Russian names, but some of them had already sunk in the fly. So the island of Russians once called the Tuamot Islands. One reef, from the Russian navigators open, is a ghost reef, one still has not gained the owner. The rest are part of various states: French polynesia -22, Republic of Marshall Islands - 13, Japan -3, Fiji, USA (Hawaii), Federated States of Micronesia and Papua - New Guinea - 2, Cook Islands and the Republic of Kiribati - 1.

In addition to Oceania, the islands in the Antarctic were opened, only -13, from them again -1. They are applied to the map in Antarctica 8, of which they re--3. All the island applied to the Russian Russian navigators went to the British Antarctic Territories, though this territory is controversial with Chile and Argentina. From the Open Russian Islands 12 belong to the British, 6 islands include the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia And the southern Sandwich Islands. Norway pretends on Petra Island.

And only Russia does not own anything and does not claim anything in Oceania or in the Antarctic.

• Did not become Russia. Part 4. Hawaiian Islands
• Did not become Russia. Part 6. Shore of Maclay and Palau Island
• Did not become Russia. Part 8. Archipelagian Great Principality

Trying to live autonomously in harmony with nature. I will present to your attention a list and photos of these islands and some description. The article will not be the islands in the cold climate, due to their unsuitability for Robinson's accommodation due to heavy climatic conditions. After all, you are looking for tropical uninhabited islands with and constant warmth, right? Therefore, such islands do not interest us.

Going to the search engine, you scored keywords because not to consider the empty islands in the north-ice ocean, but would like to see a list of all islands suitable for quiet, measured life, or exotic holidays. You are not alone! I also wondered about this question and subsequently made a list uninhabited islands The world suitable for life, filming a large bunch of various islands and atolls, which, in my opinion, would not come to this case.

Also in the article will not be small islands or those for some reason are not suitable for living on them. For example, due to lack of vegetation. Or islands belonging to major countries, such as the United States or Australia, for example, the Northern Mariana Islands, in which you are deserted by the island of Pagan. It so happened that only those that are in the area are approached from the uninhanded islands of the whole world. Pacific Ocean. The Atlantic and Indian Oceans are not suitable for the densely populated territories. Read more about trying to move to a similar island in Eastern Indonesia you can read in my report ". Also follow the update of this site - and you can see other reports of Robinsons who tried to go to their uninhabited islands. And now let's get acquainted with my selection of such islands, and perhaps you still find courage and decide to go towards your long-standing dream - live on a desert island, like Robinson Cruzo! So let's see everything uninhabited islands of the Pacific OceanI prepared for you.

Kingdom Tonga

Tofua

This is the most popular not inhabited island Pacific. Popularity He brought Swiss Xavier Rosset, who lived on it 300 days and removed documentary "300 days on the island." On the island is located active volcano and sulfur lake. The island is covered with a rainforest, there are some abandoned buildings.

Kao

The whole island is large volcano 1046 meters high above sea level. Those. From the edge of the water to the top of the island is such a distance. So he is pretty big, and his top delays clouds, which in turn produce a permanent source fresh water. It has fertile volcanic soil.

Foundaalee

The island is located 50 km from Vavau's favorite tourists. In the center is located active volcanoThe island is covered with rainforest.

Nukupul

For those who are going to leave the team, but can not divide one small island among themselves. The second is the same little island for quiet and peaceful life. Islands are covered with rainforest and coconut palm trees.

Republic of Kiribati.

Flint.

Caroline

It is one of the most remote Islands of the world. The nearest populated island is 1500 km. - This is already a feat and a medal for courage. Island of coral origin, low, has all the attributes of the coral atoll. Despite the fact that the island has been declared a protected area, hitting it, you can count on a long stay due to inaccessibility. The island is located on the line of change of dates.

East

Coral island in Line Archipelago. Area island - 24 hectares. Announced a nature reserve, like many other islands of the Republic of Kiribati, but despite this, suitable for sedentary living.

Oraona

Located 4 degrees south of the equator, the climate is hot, coral island. Coconut palms and other few plants characteristic of the atolls are growing. Birds nest on the island, coconut crabs dwell. In the middle - traditional Laguna atolls.

Nikumaroo

Just as the previous - coral island With all the ensuing features. During World War II, the Loran Radia Navigation System was located on the island. A plane and shipwrecks were broken on the island. In 38, the British planned the construction of the runway, but did not build, fortunately for you, potential robinsons!

Manra

Uninhabited atoll in the Phoenix archipelago. In the lagoon abillation of fish and other seafood, wild pigs are found in the forest, coconut crabs. Currently - the reserve.

Cook Islands

Takuta

Coral uninhabited island, located close to the Moscow Rarotong Island. No lagoon.

Manowe

Coral atoll, separated into two characteristic islands covered with wet tropical forests. The island is a reserve. Rarely visited by people, it used to be populated, there is an old airfield.

Federated States of Micronesia

West Fay.

A small coral atoll in the Archipelago of Carolin Islands, an area of \u200b\u200b0.6 km 2. Vegetation is typical of other atolls of the Pacific Ocean.

Lamolyor

Atoll, consists of two islands - Tas and Ulor. Area - 3 km 2.

GAFERUT.

A very small island is a square of only 100 m 2. Meanwhile, coconut palm is covered with a rainforest. So it remains on an amateur. Tropical climate, there are devastating cyclones.

Republic of Marshall Islands

Ailindeaeae.

Coral atoll consists of 25 islets (moto), the area of \u200b\u200bthe land side 2.8 km 2.

Rongerik

Exactly the same coral atoll, like everyone else. Sushi Square - 1.68 km 2. There are traces of radioactive contamination after the explosions of the hydrogen bomb on the Bikini Atoll.

ODLOVAN

The island is rarely visited by people, has old buildings from the former owners - the German company, which was engaged in Croah.

Bikar.

It is one of the smallest islands of Marshall Islands. Area 0.49 km 2.

Bokak

It is the most northern island of the Republic of Marshall Islands. The island is covered with dense thickets typical of vegetation coral atoll. Tropical climate, dry, cyclones occur.

Erikube

The island, like many other islands and the atoll, was opened by the Russian navigator. Another name of the island is Chichagova Island. Sushi area - 1.53km 2.

Solomon islands

Tinacula

The island is a valid volcano, covered with jungle. Most likely, there must be a constant source of fresh water, since the island is quite high (851 m). People left him in 1971, after the tsunami and the eruption of the volcano. Area - 8 km 2.

Republic of Fiji Islands

Quince

Island of volcanic origin in the extreme east of Fiji, the west of him is another uninhabited island, which can settle Robinson. Islands belong to the Lau archipelago.

Oloraua

Uninhabited island in Lau's archipelago, it is famous for the fact that the Briton Ed Stafford lived on it, who shot the naked survival program for the Discovery Channel.

Monorica

The island is famous for the fact that the film "Expedigated" with Tom Hanks passed on it.

French polynesia

Hatuta

Uninhabited island in the Archipelago Marquis Islands. Pretty big, 6.4 km 2. Volcanic origin, but there are no rivers on it, but the constant source of fresh water can still be. The highest point - 428 meters.

EIAO

Large volcanic uninhabited island. Area 43.8 km 2. Ancient Polynesian island stone structures. In the past, the funeral of Polynesian leaders took place on the island. However, declared a reserve.

Mokho Tanya

Volcanic island, area of \u200b\u200b15 square meters. km. The highest point is 520 m. In the time you are uninhabited.

Maphai

Coral atoll as part of the archipelago of the society. Area - 2.6 sq. Km. Located 230 km west of Bora Bora Island.

Bellinshausen

Named in honor of the Russian navigator. F. F. Bellinshausen. Classic coral atoll with all its attributes. Area - 3 square meters. km.

Vahanga

Sushi area - 3.8 square meters. km. Atoll, from time to time it is visited by workers on the harvesting of a copra. Located in the Tuamot Archipelago.

Matureivavo

Area - 2.5 square meters. km. Coral atoll.

Tenararo

Area - 2 sq.km. Atoll.

Tenarung

Area - 2.2 square meters. km. Atoll.

Agacauitai

Area - 0.7 square meters. km. Atoll with volcanic remains in the Lagoon area. Tuamot Archipelago.

Maria

Coral atoll. Area - 1.3 km 2. It is quite suitable for the somewhat life of romance.

Also in French Polynesia in the Tuamot archipelago, the following islands are inflicted: Akiaki, Anuanuraroo, Anuanorung, Arata, Akhunui, Vanavana, Manukhangi, Makaroa, Maria (Other), Maruteo, Morano, Mururoa, Motutung, Nengonlengo, Nikhira, Nucutepille, Paraoa, Pinaki, Rivahare, Raaraca, Repair, Reparaka, Tiaro, Takum, Tower, Tahana, Takokot , Tepes, Teaho, Tiau, Tuanak, Fangataufa, Khai, Hati, Martiri.

Since the author of the article is tired of writing about all the uninhabited islands of the world individually, he decided to simply write down and publish their list. All of these islands - coral origin and have the same features, so it is important to know only their names.

As you can see, in the Pacific, there is quite a large number of uninhabited islands and atolls. Therefore, you can safely assume that there is from what to choose and where to get roasting. All of them have their pros and cons: someone is located too far as the islands of the archipelago line in Kiribati, somewhere there is no source of constant water and too low above sea level. The French Polynesia distinctly distinguished himself, and specifically the coral archipelago Tuamot, which, by the way, belonged before Russian Empire (!) And now it could be part of Russia. We would have ride there in the civilian passport of the Russian Federation, buying Aeroflot tickets and would not be batted with the receipt of a visa to French Polynesia.

In December1777, Captain James Cook and his ships "Resolved" and "Discovery" opened the island, which was called the Island of Christmas. This island has become the largest atoll in the world. Outstanding English Military Sailor committed many many geographic discoveries.

Island of Christmas

Christmas Island - a small island in Indian OceanAt the same time, the world's largest atoll (coral island, having a form of a solid or discontinuous rings surrounding the lagoon). His area is 321 km?. On the island one of the highest populations of seabirds in the world.
Captain Cook and his ships "Resolved" and "Discovery" opened the island on December 24, 1777. In connection with the festive date on January 2, 1778, Cook called him the Island of Christmas.

Christmas Island. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS

Hawaiian Islands - Archipelago from 24 islands and atolls, located in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean. Cook opened them on January 18, 1778 during his third around the world travel. Here, he died on February 14, 1779, when he was re-entering here after the annual swimming along the northern part of the Pacific Ocean. Cook gave them the name of Sandviche Islands in honor of the first Lord of Admiralty John Montagus, the fourth Count Sandwich, whose name remained in history thanks to the dish invented by them - Sandwich.
The name of Sandviche Islands was used only in the XVIII and early XIX centuries. Then the archipelago was called from the largest island - Hawaii. The main part of the archipelago islands is the Fiftieth State of the United States since 1959.

Hawaiian islands, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

NORFOLK

The island was opened by Captain James Cup in 1774 during his swimming in the southwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. It was a small inhabited island in the Pacific Ocean, located between Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand.
Despite the "resort" weatherSince 1788, Norfolk began to use as a place of links of prisoners from England. The fact is that the island is practically not protected from storms and hurricanes, so it is problematic to escape from it. In 1814, the colony was abandoned as expensive, but in 1825 the prison was again restored, and they began to place both political and criminals. In 1854, the prison was finally closed.

Norfolk. Photo: SCIENCE MUSEUM / GLOBAL LOOK PRESS

New Caledonia

New Caledonia Island has been opened in 1774 and named the ancient name of His ancestors of Scotland - Caledonia. Posted by a large-name island and a group of small islands in the southwestern part of the Pacific, in Melanesia.
The active penetration of Europeans to the new Caledonia began in the 1840s. France announced the islands of New Caledonia with their own ownership in 1853, and from 1864 to 1896 the French government sent convicts convicted to this colony.
Now New Caledonia is the overseas special administrative and territorial education of France.

New Caledonia, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

Tubuia

Tubuai Islands, or Ostrala Islands, were opened by Cup in 1777. The group is located in the Pacific Ocean, in Polynesia. It consists of seven islands, five - actual tubui (volcanic tubue, rirut, Rimatar, Raivava and one low atoll of Maria) and two more islands of Bass (Rap-Iti and Martiri).
Today, tubue is considered one of best places In French Polynesia for a quiet and leisure holiday on the lap of nature.


Islands of tubuia, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

NIUE

Niue, or Savage, island in the southern part of the Pacific, in Polynesia, east of Tonga Islands. The island has been opened for Europeans in 1774. Cook called him Savage (Savage), or the "Dicks Island". In 1900, NIUE fell under the protectorate of the British Empire, and in 1901 he was annexed by New Zealand. In 1974, Niue became a self-governing state education in the Commonwealth with New Zealand.

Island Niue. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

Manua

Manaea island in the Pacific Ocean, as part of the southern group of Cook Islands. It was opened on September 23, 1773. Captain Cook gave him the name of Sandwich Island, but later he decided to give this name Hawaiian Islands. Thus, the island was renamed and got the name Harvey in honor of Admiral August Harvey. However, in 1824, the Russian navigator Kruzenshtern offered to rename the islands in honor of the Cook discovered.
The modern name of the island of Manua is translated as "birds of birds" - birds were found on the island in large quantities.

Island Manuae, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

Ravaher.

Ravaher - Atoll in the Tuamot Archipelago (French Polynesia, Pacific Ocean) in the group of the islands of the Die-Group. It was opened in 1768. The total area of \u200b\u200bthe atoll is 7 km?. The center is the lagoon, completely isolated from oceanic waters. The Ravaher's length is about 16 km, width - 4 km.
Currently, the Atoll is uninhabited, there is a completely lack of infrastructure on the island.

Ravaher, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

Palmerston

Palmerston - Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, which was opened by Cup on June 16, 1774, during his second navigation. However, on the island, he landed only in his third swimming on April 13, 1777. The island at the time was uninhabited, although 12 old graves were found on it. The island was named Cup in honor of the second Lord Palmerston.
Being a typical coral atoll, Palmerston consists of 35 sand islands located within the coral reef surrounding the lagoon.

Palmerson, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

Anaa

Anaa - Atoll in the Tuamot Archipelago (French Polynesia) 350 km east of Tahiti Island. The island was opened in 1769. At the beginning of the XIX century, Anaa became part of the Kingdom of Pomar. In the 1850s, the production of copers and catch of pearls developed on the island. By the middle of the XIX century, the population of the atoll reached almost 2 thousand people. However, during numerous clashes between the followers of Catholicism and Mormon, as well as the intervention of the French troops, the population of Anaa was significantly reduced.
The island has the form of oval and consists of 11 small islets, or a bot surrounding a shallow lagoon.

Anaa, snapshot from space. Photo: Wikipedia. Org.

The most pictured on the maps in the old days is huge, almost like the mainland, the land in the north, as discovered discoveries, decreased in size, was divided by the straits and seas on archipelagoes and individual islands. At the beginning of the XX century, it would seem, almost everything is open. And in 1913 - Sensation: Russians opened a new polar archipelago!

The icebreaking transports of the Navy of the Navy "Taimyr" and "Vaigach" came out of Vladivostok in the fall of 1910. The purpose of the expedition is the inventory of the seas in the seas of the Northern Ocean on the highway planning to master the sea route along the northern shores of Siberia. The expedition is also named, abbreviated - the layer. The first flight of the ships was trial: they passed Bering Strait, entered the ice of the Chukchi sea and turned back. The next year has reached the mouth of Kolyma, from which Vaigach went to the island of Wrangel. Aven a year later, in 1912, two transports again in the Chukchi Sea, explore the shores of the Novosibirsk Islands and East Siberian Sea. For three seasons, the expedition, the head of which in 1913 instead of the diseased I.S. Sergeyev was appointed hydrograph Boris Wilkitsky, almost prepared for the development of the whole eastern part of the Northern Sea Route.

The fourth year of the expedition was devoted to the Taimyr coast and the district of the Novosibirsk Islands. "Taimyr" reinforced from the north Novosibirsk Islands In the hope of discovering the "land of Sannikov". Having met by the Island of Transfiguration, the icebreakers went to the north and the big bay bay and the island of Small Taimyr were opened here. And the Further goal is to hit the Cape Chelyuskin. And on this site of the way on August 21, the silhouette appeared on the right big Islands With dome-shaped vertices with a height of up to 500 m. Icebreakers, how much I am allowed, passed along the shore of the Earth, put the contour of that part of it, which was seen on the card. On August 22, 1913, the Russian flag was raised on the shore. According to the cauldron, the court passed along the eastern shore of the Earth, without reaching the northern tip of eight minutes to latitude. Open Island stretched for 81 ° S.Sh. The discoverers were unarked by his land of Nicholas of the second. In the 20s there was an attempt to rename the island - Lenin Earth, but stopped at neutral - Northern Earth. The name is given, but on the maps of land to the north of the Peninsula Taimyr depicted in the main dotted line - neither the contours of it nor the dimensions, and the more the inner structure were not known. It was not clear, even one is an island or several. Ruled Amundsen in 1919 during the forced wintering with the vessel "mod", moving along the shores of Siberia to the east, tried to go to the ground of Nikolai second, as it was then called, but strongly embarrassed ice made it impossible to cross the Wilkitsky strait even for the famous conqueror of the South Pole and Northwest passage.

"Declared only on the one hand, and in some places only the dotted line, she lay on the map of the narrow strip and reminded the inverted and lubricated comma." So I saw this land on the map Returning from the Island of Wrangel in 1929, the organizer of the first colony of Georgy Ushakov, who decided to develop a study plan North Earth.

"He was extremely simple, - then wrote the city of Ushakov in his book" on the unknown land, "- provided for the study of an unknown northern land in the shortest possible time and demanded minimum costs". Ushakov offered to abandon traditional in the polar studies of the wintering of a vessel who deliberate researchers from auxiliary parties organizing food warehouses. All work should perform a detachment from the minimum number of people who have sufficient experience capable of replacing each other when performing various works. If necessary The detachment returns to the mainland on its own. The term of work is set within two or three years.

Georgy Ushakov outlined his plan at a meeting of the Government Arctic Commission, having completed his performance with the words: "To fulfill the planned work program, only a few bold people are needed. The success of the expedition will largely depend on the experience, perseverance and courage of this group ..." The project was approved and group delivery Researchers on the Northern Earth assigned the expedition Otto Juliyevich Schmidt, heading for the land of Franz Joseph for the change of the first wintering places of the polar station of the bay and the production of hydrological work in the northern part Kara Sea.

In July 1930, the icebreaker "Georgy Sedov" came out of Arkhangelsk and took the course to Earth Franz Joseph. On his board - four researchers of the Northern Earth: Head of the Expedition of Ushakov, Scientific Director Geologist Nikolai Nikolayevich Umarovtsev, who has conducted research on Taimyr, Radist Vasily Stroov and Novoemel Industrialist, Cayur and Hunter Sergey Zhuravlev.

In the northern part of the Kara Sea, a unique discovery of the island predicted by polar geographer, the participant of the Expedition G.Ya. Sedov in 1912-1914, Vladimir Visa. He suggested the existence of the island, and accurately indicated the place of his position, having studied the materials of the drift of the vessel of the expedition of Brusylov "St. Anna" and, for sure at the specified place on August 13, 1930, the dark band of the unknown land arose among the ice. The low-aluminous, almost deprived of vegetation is the island is applied to the map as a visa island. On the way to Northern Earth, two more small islands met, called the names of Captain "Gos Sedov" Vladimir Voronin and the microbiologist of the Expedition of Boris Isachenko.

On August 23, the clouded bank of the Northern Earth appeared, which no one had ever seen. "Sedov" was the first ship that came up to the northern earth from the West. However, the ice did not allow to approach the shore directly to the shore, and the first researchers of the archipelago with all their equipment, a margin of food, fuel and stubborn dogs were planted on a small island, called homemade, approximately forty kilometers from the high shore of the main island. The icebreaker went back to Arkhangelsk, opening a few more islands on the way, including the Schmidt Island Covered with Ice Hat. And on the shore of the island of home, in the house specially built for them, the Four of the first residents of the unknown land remained.

Using a bright time, they have already started their hiking for the archipelago in the fall, although that the earth consists of several islands, they did not know right away. The first trips were devoted to the food warehouse device at different points of the nearest island for spring routes with shooting. In April and May Ushakov and Uvan residents went around the whole northern part Northern Earth. They filmed the coast, described the geological structure and reached the northern tip of the archipelago on the latitude of 81 ° 16 "S.Sh., which is now called Cape Arctic.

Summer reached east coastwho saw the sailors from "Taimyr" and "Vaigach", but then the Shokalsky Bay found themselves was a strait separating two islands. One of them is given the name Bolshevik, the other - the October Revolution. In the north-west, two islands are located in the north-west, two islands: more - the Komsomolets, a smaller pioneer, they shared the sheds of Juncturm. Capes and bays call the names of party leaders, which did not help N.N. Urvantsev to avoid repression of the thirty-seventh year: he was arrested, and his name was never mentioned in the book of Ushakov, dedicated to the heroic work of two archipelago pricing North Earth. In fact, they are together, and sometimes threesome (with Sergey Zhuravlev) drove on the dogs and went on foot on the "failed land" about eleven thousand kilometers and conducted instrumental shooting on the area 26700 square kilometers, making an accurate map of the whole archipelago. Its total area is 37560 square meters. km - exceeds the territory of countries such as Belgium, Albania, she is slightly less than Holland, Denmark, Switzerland. It turned out that the archipelago consists of five relative to major islands and several small.

Northern Earth, the Northern Archipelago of Asia is one of the significant centers of glaciation in the northern hemisphere. The islands are closed with glacial domes, from which the output glaciers flowed in ice shores are descended to the sea level. It is now known 225 glaciers, whose total area is 17 thousand square meters. km, a little more than on Franz Joseph. but climatic conditions not so severe and vegetable world a little richer than on the most northern Islands Europe. The shores are cut by firadis, on the rocky shores of which the birds are noisy, and under the rocks there are burning frying and seals.

Glaciologists studying them as miniature models of Antarctic Ice Shield work on the Ice Domes of the Northern Earth.

Due to the fact that open Columbus New lands were not at all Asia, but a new mainland who stood a barrier on the way to India and China, the question arose about the search for a coaching route.
The Spanish King of Karl I, so m who did not receive a big profit from his possessions in West Indies, sends the Portuguese F. Magalyaine (Magellan) to the expedition, which is set to go bend the American continent from the south and through the Pacific Ocean to reach Asia.
During this, the first round-the-world travel (September 20, 1519 - September 6, 1522) F. Magellan opened the strait between South America and the island of the fire land (Magellan Strait), passed through him in the Pacific Ocean, exploring it, opened Mariana Islands, and fell to Philippine Islands.
In 1529, Spain and Portugal concluded a Saragos Agreement on the new section of the world, where Asia (with the exception of the Philippine Islands) was recognized as the sphere of interests of Portugal, and Pacific pool (Oceania) - Spain. Full-scale opening of Oceania and Australia It began in the second half of the XVI century. Were open and described Solomon islands Marciz and Santa Cruz Islands (A. Mendan de Neira) are studied in 1595 (A. Mendata de Neira) in 1595, in 1605, new hybrids of the Spaniard pf Cyrosis.
At the beginning of the XVII century, I found a confirmation of a popular hypothesis about the existence of a huge southern mainland. Most likely, in the XVI century, Portuguese lasted on the northern shores of Australia, but still the honor of her discovery was given to the Dutchman V. Yantse, who in 1606 the first investigated west Coast Peninsula Cape York. In the same year, Spaniard L.V. De Torres opened the strait of Torres between Australia and New Guinea Island. The 1610-1630 was marked by several Dutch expeditions, which examined the northern banks of the mainland. During its first trip (1642-1643), Dutchman Ya.A. Tasman
bypassed Australia from the south, proving that it represents a single continent, and opened the islands of Tasmania, New Zealand, Tonga and Fiji. The second journey in 1644 allowed him to explore the coast of the Bay of Carpenary. So ended opening of Oceania and Australia.
However, severe climatic conditions, most of continent - deserts and semi-deserts, as well as shortage water resources, remoteness from the main ways of communication and the lack of gold and spices weakened interest in research in the depths of the mainland until the XIX century.