Russian geographers and travelers.
Russian geographers and travelers made a lot of glorious pages in the history of the geographical study of the globe.
Anuchin Dmitry Nikolaevich. 1843-1923
The largest Russian scientist in the field of anthropology, ethnography, archeology and geography. First doctor of geographic sciences in Russia. Founder of the Department of Geography MSU. Creator of the school of Russian geographers and lymnologists. He explored the origins of the main rivers of European Russia and the Lake in the top of the Volga.
Bar Carl Maksimovich. 1792-1876.
Academician. In 1837 One of the first to produce scientific research on the new land, and in 1840. - On Kola P / O. In 1851-1856g. engaged in studying fisheries on Muddy lake and the Caspian Sea. Studies have established suitability for consumption of Caspian herring, previously used only for zip. In the excellent geographical descriptions of BER gave a characteristic of a peculiar bug, the Relief of the Caspian coast (Barhogry) and the first gave an explanation of the unequal climbers of the rivers as a result of the deviation of water as a result of the rotation of the Earth around its axis (Bair law). He was the first chairman of the separation of ethnography of a geographical society.
Wrangel Ferdinand Petrovich. 1796-1870.
Admiral and famous navigator. In 1817-1819g. Made round-the-world swimming at the Kamchatka Slut under the authorities of Captain Golovin. Four years spent in the north Eastern Siberiawhere I made an inventory of the shores from the mouth of Kolyma to the Kolyuchenian lip. For a number of signs predicted existence major islandSubsequently open de Long and called Wrangel Island. In 1825-1827. Made round-road swimming on Military Military Transport. He was the chief ruler of Russian North American colonies (Alaska). Then Director of the Hydrographic Department. Amounted to a very valuable description of his trip to north-East Siberia translated into many languages.
Grmmm-Mr. Grigory Efimovich. 1860-1936.
Famous traveler. Researcher of nature, peoples, history of central and Central Asia. The author of numerous large works on the Pamirs, Tuva, Mongolia, China. Made six large expeditions to the mountainous regions of Central Asia (Tien Shan, Pamir, Alay) and Central Asia. Assembled a huge material on zoology, physical geography, ethnography of the peoples of Asia. He opened the deepening depression in Central Asia - Turfan Vpadin. In recent years, worked on the issues of the history of the nomadic peoples of Asia. From 1914 to 1930 He released the monograph "Western Mongolia and Uryanhai Krai", which is still a desk book for everyone working on Central Asian issues.
Knipovich Nikolai Mikhailovich. 1862-1939
Organizer of Scientific and Fishing Research Barents and White Morese. The result of perennial studies of the Barents Sea was an extensive monograph "Basics of the Hydrology of the European Ocean Ocean". He organized and headed numerous scientific and commercial expeditions on the Black, Azov and Caspian seas.
Kraschinnikov Stepan Petrovich. 1711-1755
Outstanding geographer. One of the first Russian academics, the contemporary of Lomonosov. Kamchatka researcher, author of the first complete description of this peninsula. Participated in the second Kamchatka expedition of Bering. He worked in Siberia - in the pools of the River Rivers, Barguzin, along the River Lena from the upwards to Yakutsk. The research of Kamchatka produced 1737 from autumn to spring 1742. Siberia and Kamchatka passed more than 27,000 km. In 1743 Returned to Petersburg. At first, consisted of a student of the Academy of Sciences, then was appointed adjunct. From 1747 - Head Botanical garden. In 1750 He elected professor at the Academy of Sciences and the Rector of Academic University. His classic "Description of the Earth Kamchatka", published in 1755, after the death of the author, repeatedly reprinted both in Russian and in many foreign languages.
Lephein Ivan Ivanovich. 1740-1802.
Academician, traveler and botany. The son of an ordinary soldier, Lephechin, thanks to exceptional abilities and love for the sciences, hesitated his own way, graduated from academic gymnasium and university, and then Strasbourg University. In 1768-1772. Traveled through the northern and southeastern regions of European Russia. "Diary travel entries" - the result of the description of this journey. In 1773 Produced studies of Western regions of European Russia. During the trip, collected the richest botanical collection and organized a botanical garden.
Middondorf Alexander Fedorovich. 1815-1894
Academician and wonderful researcher Siberia. In 1843-1844 on the proposal and project KM Baer produced versatile research of Siberia and Far East, having passed 30000km. In very difficult conditions, the deadly danger was subjected. In expeditions, he collected the richest collections. The first explored the "eternal" maritution in Yakutia. In 1870, during a trip to a new land and in the White Sea, it was engaged in temperature measurements and the study of the warm current of the Gulf Stream. Later he explored the Barabinist steppe and gave her description. Organized agricultural exhibitions. He led an expedition to study cattle breeding in Russia.
Musketov Ivan Vasilyevich. 1850-1902
One of the largest travelers. At the same time, a geologist and geographer, which created a large school of Russian geologists. He explored the Lower Volga region, the Urals, the Caucasus, but the most outstanding journeys committed to Turkestan in 1874-1880. The first lit the geological structure of the vast regions of Turkestan was the first geological maps. During a long time, he studied the earthquake of Russia and compiled their first directory. Musktov is one of the first researchers of the ore wealth of the Urals. The author of the classic course "Physical Geology" and the Monograph "Turkestan".
Roborovsky Vsevolod Ivanovich. 1856-1910
Famous Russian traveler JSC Central Asia. Participant of the last two expeditions N.M. Przhelzhalsky. After the death of Przhevalsky, he worked in the Tibetan expedition of the Russian geographical society. Then he headed the greater expedition to Central Asia. He visited Tien Shan mountain systems, visited Tibet, in Kashgaria. Roborovsky has largely promoted the expansion of geographical knowledge on Central Asia, continuing the best traditions of famous Russian travelers in this distant country.
Amundsen Rule
Travel routes
1903-1906 - Arctic expedition on the Yoa ship. R.Amundsen was the first to pass the north-western pass from Greenland to Alaska and determined the exact position of the northern magnetic pole at that time.
1910-1912 - Antarctic expedition on the ship "Fram".
On December 14, 1911, the Norwegian traveler with four comrades on dog sledding reached the southern Pole of the Earth, ahead of the expedition of the Englishman Robert Scott for a month.
1918-1920. - On the ship "Ma" R.Amundsen passed along the Arctic Ocean along the shores of Eurasia.
1926 - in conjunction with the American Lincoln Elsuworth and Italian Umberto Nobile R.Amundsen flew on the Airship "Norway" on the Spitzbard - North Pole - Alaska route.
1928 - During the search for missing in the Barents Sea of \u200b\u200bExpedition, U. Nobil Amundsen died.
Geographic map name
The name of the Norwegian traveler wear the sea in the Pacific, Mountain in Eastern Antarctica, the bay near the shores of Canada and the Bowl in the Arctic Ocean.
Antarctic scientific station The United States is named after pioneers: Amundsen-Scott Pole.
Amundsen R. My life. - M.: Geographiciz, 1959. - 166 p.: Il. - (travel; adventure; fiction).
Amundsen R. South Pole: Per. with Nor. - M.: Armada, 2002. - 384 s.: Il. - (Green Series: Around the World).
Bundan-Larsen T. Amundsen: Per. with Nor. - M.: Mall. Guard, 2005. - 520 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
The chapter dedicated to Amundsen, I.Golovanov called "Travels gave me the happiness of friendship ..." (p. 12-16).
Davydov Yu.V. Captains are looking for way: Tale. - M.: Children. lit., 1989. - 542 p.: Il.
Passyek V.M., Blinov S.A. Rule Amundsen, 1872-1928. - M.: Science, 1997. - 201 p. - (scientific-biogr. Ser.).
Treshnikov A.F. Rule Amundsen. - L.: Hydrometeoisdat, 1976. - 62 p.: Il.
Centkevich A., Centkevich Ch. The man who called the sea: a story about R.Amundsen: Per. with EST. - Tallin: Eesti Raamat, 1988. - 244 s.: Il.
Yakovlev A.S. Through the ice: a story about the polar explorer. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1967. - 191 p.: Il. - (Pioneer means first).
Bellinshausen Faddey Faddeevich
Travel routes
1803-1806 - F. F. Bellinggauzen took part in the first Russian round-world swimming under the command of I.F. Cloinstern on the ship "Nadezhda". All maps that later included in the "Atlas to the journey around the light of Captain Kruzenshtern", composed of them.
1819-1821 - F. P. Bellinggausen headed the circular expedition to the southern pole.
January 28, 1820 at the East Slots (under the command of F.F. Bellinghausen) and "Mirny" (under the command of M.P. Lazarev), Russian sailors were first reached by the coast of Antarctica.
Geographic map name
In honor of FF Bellingshausen, the sea is named in the Pacific Ocean, Cape on South Sakhalin, Island in the Tuamot Archipelago, a shelf glacier and a basin in Antarctica.
The name of the Russian navigator is the Russian Antarctic Scientific Station.
Moroz V. Antarctica: opening history / art. E. Oorlov. - M.: White City, 2001. - 47 C.: Il. - (Russian history).
Fedorovsky E.P. Bellinshausen: East. novel. - M.: Ast: Astrel, 2001. - 541 p.: Il. - (Golden B-ka Ist. Roman).
Bering Vitus Ionassen
danish navigator and researcher in Russian service
Travel routes
1725-1730 - V. Bering headed the 1st Kamchatka Expedition, the purpose of which was the search for the landfasting between Asia and America (about swimming S.Dezhnev and F. Popova, who actually opened the shed between the continents in 1648, there was no accurate information). The expedition on the ship "Holy Gabriel" rented the shores of Kamchatka and Chukotka, opened the island of St. Lawrence and the Strait (now Bering).
1733-1741 - 2nd Kamchatka, or the Great Northern Expedition. On the ship "Saint Peter", Bering crossed the Pacific Ocean, reached Alaska, examined and inflicted on the map of her shore. On the way back during the wintering on one of the islands (now the Commander), Bering, like many members of his team, died.
Geographic map name
In addition to the strait between Eurasia and North America, the name of Vitus Bering is the islands, the sea in the Pacific Ocean, Cape on the coast of the Sea of \u200b\u200bOkhotsk and one of the largest glaciers in the south of Alaska.
Konyaev N.M. Revision of the Bering Commander. - M.: Terra-KN. Club, 2001. - 286 p. - (Fatherland).
Orlov O.P. Unknown shores: a story about the Kamchatka expeditions undertaken by Russian navigators in the XVIII century under the leadership of V. Bering / Pic. V.Yudina. - M.: Kid, 1987. - 23 C.: Il. - (Pages of the history of our Motherland).
Passeki V.M. Vitus Bering: 1681-1741. - M.: Science, 1982. - 174 C.: Il. - (scientific-biogr. Ser.).
Last expedition of Vitus Bering: Sat. - M.: Progress: Pangea, 1992. - 188 p.: Il.
Sopozko A.A. The history of swimming in V. Bering on the bot "St. Gabriel "in the Arctic Ocean. - M.: Nauka, 1983. - 247 p.: Il.
Chekurov M.V. Mysterious expeditions. - ed. 2nd, recreation., Extras - M.: Nauka, 1991. - 152 C.: Il. - (Man and Environment).
Chukovsky N.K. Bering. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1961. - 127 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Viberie Arminine (Herman)
hungarian scholar oriental
Travel routes
1863 - Journey A. Vammbery under the guise of Dervish for Central Asia from Tehran through the Turkmen Desert on the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea to Khiva, Mashhad, Herat, Samarkand and Bukhara.
Vibury A. Travel in Central Asia: Per. with it. - M.: In-T Oriental Studies RAS, 2003. - 320 p. - (Stories about the countries of the East).
Vibury A. Bukhara, or the history of Mavarownanova: Excerpts from the book. - Tashkent: Publishing House Lit. And the claim, 1990. - 91 p.
Tikhonov N.S. Vibury. - ed. 14th. - M.: Thought, 1974. - 45 s.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Vancouver George
english navigator
Travel routes
1772-1775, 1776-1780. - J.Vankouver as a jungle and Gardemarina participated in the second and third round-air swimming of J. Kuka.
1790-1795 - Around the world expedition under the command of J.Vankuver examined the North west Coast North America. It was found that the alleged waterway connecting the Pacific Ocean and Hudzonov bay does not exist.
Geographic map name
In honor of J.Vankuver, several hundred geographical objects are named, including island, bay, city, river, ridge (Canada), Lake, Cape, Mountain, city (USA), Bay (New Zealand).
Malakhovsky K.V. In the new Albion. - M.: Science, 1990. - 123 p.: Il. - (Stories about the countries of the East).
Gama Vasco Da
portuguese navigator
Travel routes
1497-1499. - Vasco da Gama headed the expedition discovered for Europeans the sea route to India around the African continent.
1502 - Second Expedition to India.
1524 - the third expedition of Vasco da Gama, already as the vice-king of India. During the expedition died.
Elm E.I. Vasco da Gama: the discoverer of the sea route to India. - M.: Geographizdat, 1956. - 39 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Kamense L., de. Sonnets; Lusiada: Per. With Portugue. - M.: Eksmo-Press, 1999. - 477 p.: Il. - (home b-ka poetry).
Read the poem "Luziada".
Kent L.E. They walked with Vasco Gama: Tale / Per. With English from Engine // Fingaret S.I. Great Benin; Kent L.E. They walked with Vasco da Gama; Tsweig S. Fegg Magellan: East. Tale. - M.: Terra: Unicum, 1999. - P. 194-412.
Kunin K.I. Vasco da Gama. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1947. - 322 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Khazanov A.M. Mystery of Vasco da Gama. - M.: In-T Oriental Studies RAS, 2000. - 152 C.: Il.
Hart G. Sea Path to India: a story about swimming and exploits of Portuguese sailors, as well as about the life and time of Vasco da Gama, Admiral, Vice-King of India and Count Vidheyar: Per. from English - M.: Geographizdat, 1959. - 349 C.: Il.
Golitan Vasily Mikhailovich
russian navigator
Travel routes
1807-1811. - V.M. Golovnin manages around the tighteous swimming at the "Diana" gate.
1811 - V.M. Golovnin conducts research of the Kuril and Shartar Islands, Tatar Strait.
1817-1819. - round-the-world swimming at the Kamchatka gate, during which a description of the part of the Aleutian ridges and the Commander Islands was made.
Geographic map name
The name of the Russian navigator is called several bays, a strait and underwater mountain, as well as the city in Alaska and the volcano on the island of Kunashir.
Golunin V.M. Notes of the fleet of Captain Heat about the adventures of him in captivity of the Japanese in 1811, 1812 and 1813, with the admission of comments on the Japanese state and the people. - Khabarovsk: KN. Publishing house, 1972. - 525 p.: Il.
Golunin V.M. Travel around the world, committed at the Kamchatka military gate in 1817, 1818 and 1819 by the captain of the head. - M.: Thought, 1965. - 384 p.: Il.
Golunin V.M. Traveling at the "Diana" gate from Kronstadt to Kamchatka, committed under the head of the fleet of Lieutenant Head in 1807-1811. - M.: Geographizdat, 1961. - 480 p.: Il.
Golovanov Ya. Etudes on scientists. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1983. - 415 p.: Il.
The head dedicated to the head is called "I feel a lot ..." (p. 73-79).
Davydov Yu.V. Evenings in Kolmove: a story about the city of Yauschensky; And before your gaze ...: The experience of the biography of the marinist sailor: [oh Vm. Golovnin]. - M.: Book, 1989. - 332 C.: Il. - (writers about writers).
Davydov Yu.V. Head - M.: Mall. Guard, 1968. - 206 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Davydov Yu.V. Three Admirals: [About D.N. Senavine, V.M. Golovnin, P.S.Nakhimov]. - M.: Izvestia, 1996. - 446 p.: Il.
Divin V.A. Tale of a glorious navigator. - M.: Thought, 1976. - 111 C.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Lebedenko A.G. Sails of ships rustle: Roman. - Odessa: Mayak, 1989. - 229 p.: Il. - (Sea B-ka).
Firsov I.I. Twice captured: East. novel. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2002. - 469 p.: Il. - (Golden B-ka East. Roman: Rus. Travelers).
Humboldt Alexander, background
german scientist naturalist, geographer, traveler
Travel routes
1799-1804 - Expedition to Central and South America.
1829 - Traveling around Russia: Ural, Altai, Caspian Sea.
Geographic map name
The names of Humboldt are called ridges in Central Asia and North America, the mountain on New Caledonia island, a glacier in Greenland, a cold flow in the Pacific Ocean, River, Lake and a number settlements in USA.
A number of plants, minerals and even crater on the moon are named after the German scientist.
The name of the Alexander's brothers and Wilhelm Humboldt is university in Berlin.
Zabelin I.M. Return to descendants: Roman-study of the life and creativity of A.Gamboldt. - M.: Thought, 1988. - 331 p.: Il.
Safonov V.A. Alexander Humboldt. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1959. - 191 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Skurla, Alexander Humboldt / Sokr. per. with it. G. Weschenko. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1985. - 239 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Dezhnev Semen Ivanovich
(OK 1605-1673)
russian landowner, navigator
Travel routes
1638-1648 - S.I. Hnevnev participated in river and land campaigns in the Yana River area, on Oymyakne and Kolyma.
1648 - Fisherman's expedition led by S.I. Eyzhnev and F.A.Popov, reinforced the Chukotka peninsula and reached the Anadyr Gulf. Thus, the shed between the two continents was opened, which was subsequently called Bering.
Geographic map name
The name of Dezhnev is called a cape on the northeastern tip of Asia, the ridge on Chukotka and the bay in the Bering Strait.
Bakhrevsky V.A. Semyon Dezhnev / Pic. L. Hailov. - M.: Kid, 1984. - 24 p.: Il. - (Pages of the history of our Motherland).
Bakhrevsky V.A. Walking to meet the sun: East. Tale. - Novosibirsk: KN. Publishing House, 1986. - 190 p.: Il. - (Siberia Related Fate).
Belov M. Fegg Seeds Dezhnev. - M.: Thought, 1973. - 223 C.: Il.
Demin L.M. Semen Dezhnev - Pioneer: East. novel. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2002. - 444 p.: Il. - (Golden B-ka East. Roman: Rus. Travelers).
Demin L.M. Semyon Dezhnev. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1990. - 334 C.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Kedrov V.N. On the edge of light: East. Tale. - L.: Lenizdat, 1986. - 285 p.: Il.
Markov S.N. Tamo-Rus Maclay: Tale. - M.: OV. Writer, 1975. - 208 C.: IL.
Read the story "Fell Dezhnev".
Nikitin N.I. Earthworthy Semen Dezhnev and his time. - M.: ROSPEN, 1999. - 190 p.: Il.
Drake Francis
english navigator and pirate
Travel routes
1567 - F. Rodek took part in the J. Gaukins expedition to West India.
From 1570 - Annual pirate raids in the Caribbean.
1577-1580. - F. Odekov headed the second after the world's round-world swimming of Europeans.
Geographic map name
The name of the brave navigator is named the widest strait on globeconnecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Francis Drake / Retelling D. Berkhina; Art. L.Durasov. - M.: White City, 1996. - 62 p.: Il. - (history of piracy).
Malakhovsky K.V. Around the world "Golden Lani" run. - M.: Science, 1980. - 168 p.: Il. - (countries and peoples).
The same story can be found in the collection of K.Malakhovsky "Five Captains".
Mason F. Wang V. Golden Admiral: Roman: Per. from English - M.: Armada, 1998. - 474 p.: Il. - (Great pirates in novels).
Muller V.K. Pirate Queen Elizabeth: Per. from English - SPb.: Lenko: Gangut, 1993. - 254 s.: Il.
Dumont Durville Jules Sebastien Cesar
french navigator and oceanographer
Travel routes
1826-1828. - Around the world swimming on the ship "Astrolabia", as a result of which a part of the banks of New Zealand and New Guinea were deposited on the map, are the island groups in the Pacific Ocean. On the island of Vikanoro Dumont-Durville discovered traces of the deceased expedition of J. Laperus.
1837-1840 - Antarctic expedition.
Geographic map name
The name of the navigator is called the sea in Indian Ocean At the coast of Antarctica.
The French Scientific Antarctic Station is the name of Dimon Durville.
Varshavsky A.S. Travel Dumont Durville. - M.: Thought, 1977. - 59 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
The fifth of the book is called "Captain Dumont Durville and his late find" (p. 483-504).
Ibn Battuta Abu Abdallah Mohammed
ibn al-Lavati at-tandji
arab traveler, wandering merchant
Travel routes
1325-1349. - After going from Morocco to Hajj (pilgrimage) Ibn Battuta visited Egypt, Arabia, Iran, Syria, Crimea, reached the Volga and lived for some time in the Golden Horde. Then through Central Asia and Afghanistan arrived in India, visited Indonesia and China.
1349-1352 - Travel to Muslim Spain.
1352-1353 - Traveling through Western and Central Sudan.
At the request of the ruler Morocco, Ibn Battuta, together with the scientist named Giuzai, wrote a book Richla, where hesitated information about the Muslim world, collected by him during travel.
Ibrahimov N. Ibn Battuta and his journey in Central Asia. - M.: Science, 1988. - 126 p.: Il.
Miloslavsky G. Ibn Battuta. - M.: Thought, 1974. - 78 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Timofeev I. Ibn Battuta. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1983. - 230 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Columbus Christopher
portuguese and Spanish navigator
Travel routes
1492-1493 - H. Columbus headed the Spanish expedition, the purpose of which was to find the shortest sea route from Europe to India. During swimming on three caravels "Santa Maria", "Pint" and "Ninia" was opened by Sargassovo Sea, the Bahamas, Cuba and Haiti.
October 12, 1492, when Columbus reached the Island of Samana, recognized as the official day of the opening of America by Europeans.
During the three subsequent expeditions across the Atlantic (1493-1496, 1498-1500, 1502-1504) Columbus opened large antilles, part of small Antille Islands, coast south and Central America And the Caribbean Sea.
Until the end of the life, Columbus was confident that India reached.
Geographic map name
The name of Christopher Columbus is worn by a state in South America, mountains and a plateau in North America, a glacier on Alaska, a river in Canada and several cities in the United States.
In the United States of America there is Colombian University.
Travels Christopher Columbus: Diaries, Letters, Documents / Trans. With Span and comments. I. Sveta. - M.: Geographizdat, 1961. - 515 p.: Il.
Blass Ibanguez V. In search of the great Khan: Roman: Per. With Span - Kaliningrad: KN. Publishing House, 1987. - 558 p.: Il. - (sea romance).
Verbinen Ch. Christopher Columbus: Mirage and perseverance: Per. with it. // Conquering America. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 1997. - P. 3-144.
Irving V. History of the Life and Travel of Christopher Columbus: Per. from English // Irving V. Satr. So.: In 5 T.: T. 3, 4. - M.: Terra - KN. Club, 2002-2003.
Customers A.E. Christopher Columbus / Art. A.chauses. - M.: White City, 2003. - 63 s.: Il. - (East. Roman).
Kovalevskaya O.T. Admiral's brilliant mistake: as Christopher Columbus, he does not know himself, opened New Worldwhich then called America / Lit. Treatment of T. Pezitskaya; Art. N.Kushkin, Алеksandrov, А.с.Korikov. - M.: Interbuch, 1997. - 18 p.: Il. - (the greatest travels).
Columbus; Livingston; Stanley; A.Gamboldt; Przhevalsky: BioGr. narration. - Chelyabinsk: Ural Ltd, 2000. - 415 s.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People: BioGr. B-ka f.pvkova).
Cooper J.F. Mercedes from Castile, or a trip to Katay: Per. from English - M.: Patriot, 1992. - 407 p.: Il.
Lange P.V. Great Skitaletz: The Life of Christopher Columbus: Per. with it. - M.: Thought, 1984. - 224 C.: IL.
Magidovich I.P. Christopher Columbus. - M.: Geographizdat, 1956. - 35 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Riffman L. From Harbor Hope - In the Sea of \u200b\u200bAnxiety: the life and times of Christopher Columbus: East. Chronicles. - SPb.: Lyceum: Soyuzteater, 1992. - 302 p.: Il.
Rzhonsnitsky VB Opening America Columbus. - SPb.: Publishing House St. Petersburg. University, 1994. - 92 p.: Il.
Sabatini R. Columbus: Roman: Per. from English - M.: Republic, 1992. - 286 p.
Light Ya.m. Columbus. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1973. - 368 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Subbotin V.A. Great discoveries: Columbus; Vasco da Gama; Magellan - M.: Publishing House of Urao, 1998. - 269 p.: Il.
Chronicles of the discovery of America: New Spain: KN. 1: East. Documents: Per. With Span - M.: Academic project, 2000. - 496 p.: Il. - (B-ka Latin America).
Shishov ZK Great swimming: East. novel. - M.: Children. lit., 1972. - 336 p.: Il.
Edberg R. Letters Columbus; Spirit of Valley / Per. with the Swede L.zhdanova. - M.: Progress, 1986. - 361 p.: Il.
Krasheninnikov Stepan Petrovich
russian scientist-naturalist, first explorer Kamchatka
Travel routes
1733-1743 - S.P. Kraschenynikov participated in the 2nd Kamchatka expedition. First, under the leadership of Academics G.F. Miller and I.G.Gmelin studied Altai and Transbaikalia. In October 1737, Krashaninnikov had already traveled to Kamchatka, where he conducted research until June 1741, according to the materials of which they subsequently composed the first "Description of the Earth Kamchatka" (TT. 1-2, ed. 1756).
Geographic map name
The name of S.P. Krasachehennikov is the island of near Kamchatka, Cape on the island of Karaginsky and Mountain at Lake Kronotsky.
Kraschinnikov S.P. Description of the land of Kamchatka: in 2 tons - reprint. ed. - SPb.: Science; Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: Kamshat, 1994.
Varshavsky A.S. Sons of the Fatherland. - M.: Children. lit., 1987. - 303 s.: Il.
Mikson I.L. Man who ...: East. Tale. - L.: Children. Lit., 1989. - 208 C.: Il.
Frakkin N.G. S.P. Kraschenynikov. - M.: Thought, 1974. - 60 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Eidelman N.Ya. What is there for the sea ocean?: Story about Russian scientist S.P. Krashenynnikov, a divisor of Kamchatka. - M.: Kid, 1984. - 28 C.: Il. - (Pages of the history of our Motherland).
Kruzenshtern Ivan Fedorovich
russian navigator, admiral
Travel routes
1803-1806 - I.F. Trrusenshtern headed the first Russian round-the-world expedition on the ships "Hope" and "Neva". I.F. Trrusenshtern - author "Atlas Southern Sea"(TT. 1-2, 1823-1826)
Geographic map name
The name I.F. Trrusenshtern carries the shed in the northern part Kuril Islands, Two atoll in the Pacific Ocean and the southeastern Korean Strait Pass.
Kruzenshtern I.F. Travel around the world in 1803, 1804, 1805 and 1806 on the ships "Nadezhda" and "Neve". - Vladivostok: Farnevost. kn. Publishing house, 1976. - 392 C.: IL. - (Farnevost. East. B-ka).
Zaboloti B.V. In the glory of the Russian flag: a story about I.F. Troroshenshtern, who headed the first journey of Russians around the world in 1803-1806, and O.E. Kozebu, who committed unparalleled swimming at the Rurik Brig in 1815-1818. - M.: Outopan, 1996. - 285 s: Il.
Zaboloti B.V. Petrovsky fleet: East. essays; To the glory of the Russian flag: the story; Second Tour Cruise: Tale. - M.: Classic, 2002. - 367 p.: Il.
Passeki V.M. Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern. - M.: Science, 1974. - 176 p.: Il.
Firsov I.I. Russian Columbus: the history of the circulation of the 19th World Expedition of I. Closenshtern and Y. Lisyansky. - M.: Centerpolygraph, 2001. - 426 p.: Il. - (Great geogr. Opening).
Chukovsky N.K. Captain Kruzenshtern: Tale. - M.: Drop, 2002. - 165 p.: Il. - (Honor and courage).
Steinberg E.L. Nice sailors Ivan Kruzenshtern and Yuri Lisyansky. - M.: Detgiz, 1954. - 224 C.: Il.
Cook James.
english navigator
Travel routes
1768-1771 - Around the world expedition on the frigate "Endeavor" under the command of J.Kuk. The island position of New Zealand is determined, a large barrier reef is open and east Coast Australia.
1772-1775 - The goal of the second head of the expedition head on the vessel "Revolyushen" (find and apply on the map South mainland) It was not achieved. As a result of the search, the South Sandwich Islands, New Caledonia, Norfolk, South Georgia are open.
1776-1779 - The third round-the-world expedition of Cook on the ships "Revolub" and "discovery" was aimed at finding the northwest passage connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The passage was not found, but were open Hawaiian Islands And part of the coast of Alaska. On the way back, J.Kuk was killed on one of the Aboriginal Islands.
Geographic map name
The name of the English navigator is named the most high mountain New Zealand, Bay in the Pacific Ocean, Islands in Polynesia and the Strait between the North and Southern Islands New Zealand.
The first round-world swimming of James Cook: swimming on the ship "Indevel" in 1768-1771. / J.Kuk. - M.: Geographizdat, 1960. - 504 C.: Il.
The second round-world swimming of James Cook: swimming in the southern pole and around the world in 1772-1775. / J.Kuk. - M.: Thought, 1964. - 624 s.: Il. - (geogr. Ser.).
The third round-the-world swimming of James Cook: swimming in the Pacific Ocean in 1776-1780. / J.Kuk. - M.: Thought, 1971. - 636 p.: Il.
Vladimirov V.I. Cook. - M.: Spark Revolution, 1933. - 168 C.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Maclin A. Captain Cook: History Geogr. The discoveries of the Great Maritime: Per. from English - M.: Centerpolygraph, 2001. - 155 p.: Il. - (Great geogr. Opening).
Midleton X. Captain Cook: Famous Marine: Per. from English / Il. A.Marks. - M.: Askon, 1998. - 31 s.: Il. - (Great names).
Light Ya.m. James Cook. - M.: Thought, 1979. - 110 s.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Chukovsky N.K. Frigate drivers: book about great navigators. - M.: Rosman, 2001. - 509 p. - (Golden Triangle).
The first part of the book is called "Captain James Cook and the three of its round-the-world swimming" (p. 7-111).
Lazarev Mikhail Petrovich
russian Floter and Marine
Travel routes
1813-1816. - Around the world swimming on the ship "Suvorov" from Kronstadt to the shores of Alaska and back.
1819-1821 - Commander of the "Mirny" slut, M.P. Lazarev participated in the circulation of the expedition under the leadership of F.F. Bellinghausen.
1822-1824 - M.P. Lazarev was led by a round-the-world expedition on the frigate "Cruiser".
Geographic map name
The name of M.P.Lazarev is called the sea in the Atlantic Ocean, the shelf glacier and a submarine chute in East Antarctica, the village on the Black Sea coast.
The Russian Antarctic Scientific Station also is the name of M.P.Lazarev.
Ostrovsky B.G. Lazarev. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1966. - 176 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Firsov I.I. Half a century under sails. - M.: Thought, 1988. - 238 p.: Il.
Firsov I.I. Antarctica and Navarine: Roman. - M.: Armada, 1998. - 417 p.: Il. - (rus. Commander).
Livingston David.
english researcher Africa
Travel routes
Since 1841 - numerous travels in the inner areas of South and Central Africa.
1849-1851 - Studies of the area of \u200b\u200bLake Ngami.
1851-1856 - Studies of the River Zambezi. D. Livingston opened the Victoria Waterfall and the first of Europeans crossed the African mainland.
1858-1864 - Study of the Zambezi River, Chilva and Nyasa Lakes.
1866-1873 - Multiple expeditions in search of the origins of the Nile.
Geographic map name
The name of the English traveler is named Waterfalls on the Congo River and the city on the Zambezi River.
Livingston D. Traveling South Africa: Per. from English / Il. author. - M.: Eksmo-Press, 2002. - 475 p.: Il. - (wind rose: epochs; continents; events; sea; opening).
Livingston D., Livingston C. Journey to Zambezi, 1858-1864: Pen. from English - M.: Centerpolygraph, 2001. - 460 p.: Il.
Adamovich M.P. Livingston. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1938. - 376 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Watery G. David Livingston: the life of the African researcher: per. with it. - M.: Thought, 1984. - 271 p.: Il.
Columbus; Livingston; Stanley; A.Gamboldt; Przhevalsky: BioGr. narration. - Chelyabinsk: Ural Ltd, 2000. - 415 s.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People: BioGr. B-ka f.pvkova).
Magellan Fernand
(OK 1480-1521)
portuguese navigator
Travel routes
1519-1521. - F. Magellan led the first in the history of mankind around the world. Magellan's expedition opened the coast South America South of the La Board, reinforced the continent, overcame the strait, called the name of the navigator subsequently, then crossed the Pacific Ocean and reached Philippine Islands. On one of them, Magellan was killed. After his death, the expedition was headed by H.S. Elkano, thanks to which the only one of the ships ("Victoria") and the last eighteen navigators (from two hundred and sixty-five team members) were able to reach the shores of Spain.
Geographic map name
Magellan Strait is located between the mainland South America and the archipelago Fire Earth, connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Fighters MA Magellan's path / art. S. Bogyko. - M.: Kid, 1991. - 19 p.: Il.
Kunin K.I. Magellan - M.: Mall. Guard, 1940. - 304 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Lange P.V. Like the Sun: Life F. Magellan and the first world sailing: per. with it. - M.: Progress, 1988. - 237 p.: Il.
Pigafetta A. Travel Magellan: Per. with IT.; Mitchell M. El Kano - the first round-the-world navigator: per. from English - M.: Thought, 2000. - 302 p.: Il. - (Travel and travelers).
Subbotin V.A. Great discoveries: Columbus; Vasco da Gama; Magellan - M.: Publishing House of Urao, 1998. - 269 p.: Il.
Travinsky V.M. Star of the navigator: Magellan: East. Tale. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1969. - 191 p.: Il.
Khviletskaya E.M. As the land turned out to be a ball / art. A. Ostromentsky. - M.: Interbuch, 1997. - 18 p.: Il. - (the greatest travels).
Tsweig S. Magellan; Amerigo: Per. with it. - M.: AST, 2001. - 317 p.: Il. - (World Classic).
Miklukho-Maklai Nikolai Nikolaevich
russian scientist, researcher Oceania and New Guinea
Travel routes
1866-1867 - Travel by Canary Islands And in Morocco.
1871-1886 - Study of indigenous people South-East Asia, Australia and Oceania, including Papuans of the northeastern shore of New Guinea.
Geographic map name
Miklukho-Maclay is in New Guinea.
Also name Nikolai Nikolayevich Miklukho-Maclay is wearing the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Man from the moon: diaries, articles, letters N.N. Miklukho-Maclay. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1982. - 336 p.: Il. - (boom).
Balandin R.K. N.N.Miklukho-Maclay: KN. For students / Fig. author. - M.: Enlightenment, 1985. - 96 p.: Il. - (People of science).
Golovanov Ya. Etudes on scientists. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1983. - 415 p.: Il.
The chapter dedicated to Miklukho-Maklai is called "My Travels I will not foresee the end ..." (p. 233-236).
Girona F.S. About who westranged alone: \u200b\u200bper. from English - M.: Science, 1986. - 260 p.: Il.
Kolesnikov M.S. Miklukho Maclay. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1965. - 272 C.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Markov S.N. Tamo - Rus Maklai: Tale. - M.: OV. Writer, 1975. - 208 C.: IL.
Orlov O.P. Go back to us, Maklai!: Story. - M.: Children. lit., 1987. - 48 p.: Il.
Putilov B.N. N.N. Miklukho-Maclay: Traveler, Scientist, Humanist. - M.: Progress, 1985. - 280 p.: Il.
Tynanova L.N. Friend from far: Tale. - M.: Children. lit., 1976. - 332 C.: IL.
Nansen Furoof
norwegian polar researcher
Travel routes
1888 - F. Nansen made the first ski transition through Greenland.
1893-1896 - Nansen on the ship "Fram" carried out drift through the Arctic Ocean from Novosibirsk Islands Before the spitsbergen archipelago. As a result of the expedition, an extensive oceanographic and meteorological material was assembled, but North Pole. Nansen has failed to achieve.
1900 - an expedition to study the currents of the Arctic Ocean.
Geographic map name
The name of Nansen is named underwater hollow and an underwater ridge in the Arctic Ocean, as well as a number of geographic objects in the Arctic and Antarctic.
Nansen F. into the country of the Future: the Great Northern Way from Europe to Siberia through the Kara Sea / authoriza. per. with Nor. A. and P. Ganzen. - Krasnoyarsk: KN. Publishing house, 1982. - 335 p.: Il.
Nansen F. Eyes of a friend: chapters from the book "Through the Caucasus on the Volga": Per. with it. - Makhachkala: Dagestan CN. Publishing house, 1981. - 54 p.: Il.
Nansen F. "Fram" in the Polar Sea: at 2 h.: Per. with Nor. - M.: Geographizdat, 1956.
KUBITSKY G.I. Furoof Nansen: his life and extraordinary adventures. - M.: Children. lit., 1981. - 287 p.: Il.
Nansen-Heier L. Father's book: Per. with Nor. - L.: Hydrometeoisdat, 1986. - 512 p.: Il.
Passeki V.M. Furoof Nansen, 1861-1930. - M.: Science, 1986. - 335 p.: Il. - (scientific-biogr. Ser.).
Sannes T.B. "Fram": Adventures of polar expeditions: per. with it. - L.: Shipbuilding, 1991. - 271 p.: Il. - (notic. Ships).
Talanov A. Nansen. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1960. - 304 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Holt K. Competition: [On the expeditions of R.F. Scott and R.Amundsen]; Wandering: [About the expedition F. Nancene and Ya. Yuhansen] / Per. with Nor. L.zhdanova. - M.: Physical Education and Sport, 1987. - 301 p.: Il. - (extraordinary travel).
Please note, in this book (in the annex) there is an essay of the famous traveler Tour Heyerdal "Furoof Nansen: hot heart in the cold world."
Centkevich A., Centkevich Ch. Who you will become, Furoof: [Tale of F. Nancene and R.Amundsen]. - Kiev: DniPro, 1982. - 502 s.: Il.
Shekletton E. Furoof Nansen - Researcher: Per. from English - M.: Progress, 1986. - 206 C.: IL.
Nikitin Athanasius
(? - 1472 or 1473)
russian merchant, traveler in Asia
Travel routes
1466-1472 - Journey A.Kontina by countries of the Middle East and India. On the way back, stopping at the cafe (Feodosia), Athanasius Nikitin was a description of his travels and adventures - "walking in three seas."
Nikitin A. Walking for the three seas Athanasius Nikitina. - L.: Science, 1986. - 212 p.: Il. - (lit. monuments).
Nikitin A. Walking for the three seas: 1466-1472. - Kaliningrad: Amber Tale, 2004. - 118 C.: IL.
Varzhapetyan V.V. Tale of the merchant, Peg Kone and the speaking bird / rice. N.Nepomnyaya. - M.: Children. lit., 1990. - 95 p.: Il.
Vitashevskaya M.N. Fraces Afanasia Nikitina. - M.: Thought, 1972. - 118 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
All nations are the essence: [Sat]. - M.: Sirin, B.G. - 466 p.: Il. - (History of the Fatherland in Romanov, Hands, Documents).
The collection includes the story of V.Pribytkov "Tver Guest" and the book of the most Afanasia Nikitin "walking in three seas".
Grimberg F.I. Seven songs of the Russian Alien: Nikitin: East. novel. - M.: AST: Astrel, 2003. - 424 s.: Il. - (Golden B-ka East. Roman: Rus. Travelers).
Kachaev Yu.G. For thirty lands / rice. M.Madina. - M.: Kid, 1982. - 24 p.: Il.
Kunin K.I. For three seas: Travel Tver merchant Afanasia Nikitina: East. Tale. - Kaliningrad: Amber Tale, 2002. - 199 p.: Il. - (cherished pages).
Murashov K. Athanasius Nikitin: the story of the Tver Track / Art. A.chauses. - M.: White City, 2005. - 63 p.: Il. - (East. Roman).
Semenov L.S. Travel Athanasius Nikitina. - M.: Science, 1980. - 145 p.: Il. - (History of science and technology).
Soloviev A.P. Driving for three seas: novel. - M.: Terra, 1999. - 477 p. - (Fatherland).
Tameman E.M. The story of Afanasia Nikitin. - L.: Children. lit., 1966. - 104 p.: Il.
Pee Robert Edwin
american polar traveler
Travel routes
1892 and 1895 - Two campaigns through Greenland.
From 1902 to 1905th. - Several unsuccessful attempts to conquer the North Pole.
Finally, R. Pyri announced that he reached the North Pole on April 6, 1909. However, after seventy years after the traveler's death, when, according to his will, the expedition diaries were declassified, it turned out that Piri could not reach the pole, he stopped at 89˚55 S.Sh.
Geographic map name
Peninsula in the extreme north of Greenland is the land of Piri.
Piri R. North Pole; Amundsen R. South Pole. - M.: Thought, 1981. - 599 C.: Il.
Pay attention to the article F.Treshnikov "Robert Peel and the conquest of the North Pole" (p. 225-242).
Piri R. North Pole / Per. from English L.Petkhavychyutu. - Vilnius: Vituris, 1988. - 239 p.: Il. - (peace of discoveries).
Karpov G.V. Robert Peel. - M.: Geographizdat, 1956. - 39 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Polo Marco
(OK 1254-1324)
venetian merchant, traveler
Travel routes
1271-1295 - Journey M.Polo by Countries of Central and East Asia.
The memories of the Venetian about walnia in the east amounted to the famous "Book of Marco Polo" (1298), which almost 600 years remained for the West the most important source of information about China and other Asian countries.
Polo M. Book about the diversity of the world / lane. with Starph. I.P.inameva; Preport. H.L. Koheses. - SPb.: Amfora, 1999. - 381 p.: Il. - (Personal B-ka Borges).
Polo M. Book Miracles: An excerpt from the "Book of Wonderland" from Nats. B-ki France: per. With Fr. - M.: White City, 2003. - 223 C.: IL.
Davidson E., Davis G. Son Sky: Westerns Marco Polo / Per. from English M. Kondratieva. - SPb.: ABC: Terra - KN. Club, 1997. - 397 p. - ( New Earth: Fantasy).
Roman-fantasy on the topic of wandering of the Venetian merchant.
MINK V. Amazing Adventures Marco Polo: [East. Tale] / Sokr. per. with it. L. Langina. - SPb.: Brasca: Epoch, 1993. - 303 s.: Il. - (version).
Pesotskaya i.e. Treasures of the Venetian merchant: As Marco Polo, a quarter of a century ago, I stranged in the east and wrote the famous book about different wonders in which no one wanted to believe / art. I.olenikov. - M.: Interbuch, 1997. - 18 p.: Il. - (the greatest travels).
Pronin V. Life of the Great Traveler Venetian Messer Marco Polo / Art. Yu.Saevich. - M.: Kron-Press, 1993. - 159 p.: Il.
Tolstikov A.Ya. Marco Polo: Venetian Wanderer / Art. A.chauses. - M.: White City, 2004. - 63 p.: Il. - (East. Roman).
Hart G. Venetian Marco Polo: Per. from English - M.: Terra-KN. Club, 1999. - 303 p. - (portraits).
Shklovsky V.B. Earth Scout - Marco Polo: East. Tale. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1969. - 223 s.: Il. - (Pioneer means first).
Erse J. Marco Polo: Per. With Fr. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 1998. - 348 p.: Il. - (Mark on history).
Przhevalsky Nikolai Mikhailovich
russian geographer, investigator of Central Asia
Travel routes
1867-1868 - Research expeditions on the Amuria and Ussuri Territory.
1870-1885 - 4 expeditions to Central Asia.
The scientific results of expeditions N.M. Przhelzhalsky outlined in a number of books that give a detailed description of the relief, climate, vegetation and animal world of the studied territories.
Geographic map name
The name of the Russian geographer wear the ridge in Central Asia and the city in the southeastern part of the Issyk-Kul region (Kyrgyzstan).
The wild horse, first described by the scientist, is called: Przhevalsky's horse.
Przhevalsky N.M. Journey to Ussuriy Territory, 1867-1869. - Vladivostok: Farnevost. kn. Publishing house, 1990. - 328 p.: Il.
Przhevalsky N.M. Traveling in Asia. - M.: Armada Press, 2001. - 343 C.: IL. - (Green Series: Around the World).
Gavrilenkov V.M. Russian traveler N.M. Przhelzhalsky. - Smolensk: Mosk. Worker: Smolenskoye, 1989. - 143 C.: Il.
Golovanov Ya. Etudes on scientists. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1983. - 415 p.: Il.
The head dedicated to Przhevalsky is called "exceptional benefit - freedom ..." (p. 272-275).
Grimailo Ya.V. Great Pathfinder: Tale. - ed. 2nd, recreation. and add. - Kiev: Young, 1989. - 314 p.: Il.
Kozlov I.V. Great traveler: Life and activity of N.M. Przhelvalsky, the first researcher of the nature of Central Asia. - M.: Thought, 1985. - 144 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Columbus; Livingston; Stanley; A.Gamboldt; Przhevalsky: BioGr. narration. - Chelyabinsk: Ural Ltd, 2000. - 415 s.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People: BioGr. B-ka f.pvkova).
Overclocking L.E. "The devotees are needed, like the sun ..." // Acceleration L.E. Seven lives. - M.: Children. Lit., 1992. - P. 35-72.
Repin L.B. "And I'm returning again ...": Przhevalsky: Life Pages. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1983. - 175 p.: Il. - (Pioneer means first).
Khmelnitsky S.I. Przhevalsky. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1950. - 175 s.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Yusov B.V. N.M. Przhelzhalsky: KN. For students. - M.: Education, 1985. - 95 p.: Il. - (People of science).
Vasily Vasilyevich Vasilyevich
russian navigator
Travel routes
1735-1736 - V.V. Podchishchev took part in the 2nd Kamchatka Expedition. A squad under his command examined the coast of the Arctic Ocean from the mouth of Lena to Cape Faddey (Taimyr).
Geographic map name
Name V.V.Pronchischev worn part eastern Shore Peninsula Taimyr, ridge (elevation) in the north-west of Yakutia and the bay in the sea Laptev.
Golubev G.N. "Descendants for news ...": East.-Doc. Tale. - M.: Children. lit., 1986. - 255 p.: Il.
Krutogorov Yu.A. Where does Neptune lead: East. Tale. - M.: Children. Lit., 1990. - 270 p.: Il.
Semenov-Tian-Shan Peter Petrovich
(until 1906 - S E M E N O V)
russian scientist, researcher of Asia
Travel routes
1856-1857 - Expedition on Tien Shan.
1888 - Expedition to Turkestan and the Custinian region.
Geographic map name
The names of Semenov-Tyan-Shan named the ridge in Nanshan, a glacier and peak on Tien Shan, the mountains on Alaska and Spitsbergen.
Semenov-Tian-Shansky P.P. Travel to Tien Shan: 1856-1857. - M.: Geographiciz, 1958. - 277 p.: Il.
Aldan-Semenov A.I. For you, Russia: Tale. - M.: Contempor, 1983. - 320 p.: Il.
Aldan-Semenov A.I. Semenov-Tian-Shansky. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1965. - 304 p.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People).
Antoshko Ya., Soloviev A. At the origins of Jacmert. - M.: Thought, 1977. - 128 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Dyadyuchenko L.B. Pearl in the barrack wall: Roman-Chronicle. - Frunze: Mectep, 1986. - 218 C.: IL.
Kozlov I.V. Peter Petrovich Semenov-Tian-Shansky. - M.: Enlightenment, 1983. - 96 C.: IL. - (People of science).
Kozlov I.V., Kozlova A.V. Peter Petrovich Semenov-Tian-Shansky: 1827-1914. - M.: Nauka, 1991. - 267 p.: Il. - (scientific-biogr. Ser.).
Overclocking L.E. Tian-Shansky // Acceleration L.E. Seven lives. - M.: Children. Lit., 1992. - P. 9-34.
Scott Robert Favkon
english researcher Antarctica
Travel routes
1901-1904 - Antarctic expedition on the ship "Discovery". As a result of this expedition, the land of King Eduard VII, the transntorctic mountains, the Ross Glacier, the land of Victoria was investigated.
1910-1912 - Expedition R. Scotta in Antarctica on the ship "Terra Nova".
January 18, 1912 (33 days later R.Amundsen) Scott and his four satellites reached the southern pole. On the way back, all travelers died.
Geographic map name
In honor of Robert Scott, the island and two glaciers off the coast of Antarctica are named, part of the west coast of Victoria Earth (Scott Coast) and Mountains on Earth Earth.
The Antarctic Scientific Station of the United States is named after the first conquers of the Southern Pole - Amundsen-Scott Pole.
The name of the polar traveler also carries the New Zealand scientific station on the seashore of Ross in Antarctica and the Institute of Polar Research in Cambridge.
Last expedition R. Scotta: Personal diaries of Captain R. Scotta, which he led during the expedition to the southern pole. - M.: Geographizdat, 1955. - 408 p.: Il.
Golovanov Ya. Etudes on scientists. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1983. - 415 p.: Il.
The chapter dedicated to Scott is called "fighting to the last crush ..." (p. 290-293).
Ladl of Captain Scott: Per. from English - ed. 2nd, copy. - L.: Hydrometeoisdat, 1989. - 287 p.: Il.
R. Antarctic Odyssey: Northern Party of Expedition R. Scotta: Per. from English - L.: Hydrometeoizdat, 1985. - 360 p.: Il.
Holt K. Competition; Werestim: Per. with Nor. - M.: Physical Education and Sport, 1987. - 301 p.: Il. - (extraordinary travel).
Cherry Garrard E. The Horrible Journey: Per. from English - L.: Hydrometeoisdat, 1991. - 551 p.: Il.
Stanley (Stanley) Henry Morton
(Name and surname - John R O U L EN C)
journalist, Researcher Africa
Travel routes
1871-1872. - G.M.Stanley as the correspondent of the New York Gerald newspaper participated in the search for missing D. Livingston. The expedition was successful: the great researcher in Africa was found at Lake Tanganic.
1874-1877 - G.m.Stenly twice crosses the African continent. Lake Victoria, the Congo River, is looking for the origins of the Nile.
1887-1889 - G.M.Stanley heads the English expedition, which crosses Africa from the West to the East, and explores the Aruvi River.
Geographic map name
In honor of G. M.Stenley, waterfalls are named in the upper course of the Congo River.
Stanley GM In the wilds of Africa: Per. from English - M.: Geographizdat, 1958. - 446 p.: Il.
Karpov G.V. Henry Stanley. - M.: Geographiciz, 1958. - 56 p.: Il. - (Notice. Geographers and travelers).
Columbus; Livingston; Stanley; A.Gamboldt; Przhevalsky: BioGr. narration. - Chelyabinsk: Ural Ltd, 2000. - 415 s.: Il. - (Life is noticed. People: BioGr. B-ka f.pvkova).
Khabarov Erofey Pavlovich
(OK. 1603, by other data, approx. 1610 - after 1667, by other data, after 1671)
russian landlord and seawater, researcher of the Amur region
Travel routes
1649-1653 - E.P.Habarov made a number of campaigns in the Amur region, amounted to the "Drawing of the Amur River".
Geographic map name
The name of the Russian landowner is called the city and the region in the Far East, as well as the railway station Erofee Pavlovich on the Trans-Siberian highway.
Leontiev G.A. Eropean Erofey Pavlovich Khabarov: KN. For students. - M.: Enlightenment, 1991. - 143 C.: Il.
Romanenko D.I. Erofey Khabarov: Roman. - Khabarovsk: KN. Publishing house, 1990. - 301 p.: Il. - (Farnevost. B-ka).
Safronov F.G. Erofey Khabarov. - Khabarovsk: KN. Publishing house, 1983. - 32 p.
Schmidt Otto Yulievich
russian Mathematics, Geophysicist, Arctic Researcher
Travel routes
1929-1930 - O. Yu.Smidt equipped and headed the expedition on the ship "Georgy Sedov" to Northern Earth.
1932 - Expeditions under the leadership of O. Y. SMIDTA on the icebreaker "Sibiryakov" managed to go from Arkhangelsk to Kamchatka for one navigation.
1933-1934 - O. Yu.Smidt led the North Expedition on a ship "Chelyuskin". The ship fell into the ice captivity was crushed with ice and sunk. Expedition participants, several months of drifting on the floes, saved pilots.
Geographic map name
The name O.Yu.Smidt is the island in the Kara Sea, a cape on the coast of the Chukchi Sea, the Peninsula of the New Earth, one of the vertices and Pamir's Pass, Plain in Antarctica.
Voskoboinikov V.M. In an ice campaign. - M.: Kid, 1989. - 39 p.: Il. - (Legendary heroes).
Voskoboinikov V.M. Call of the Arctic: Heroich. Chronicle: Academician Schmidt. - M.: Mall. Guard, 1975. - 192 p.: Il. - (Pioneer means first).
Duel I.I. LIFE LIFE: DOCUMENT. Tale. - M.: Policy, 1977. - 128 p.: Il. - (Heroes of owls. Motherland).
Nikitenko N.F. O.Yu.Smidt: KN. For students. - M.: Enlightenment, 1992. - 158 C.: Il. - (People of science).
Otto Yulievich Schmidt: Life and activity: Sat. - M.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1959. - 470 s.: Il.
Matveeva L.V. Otto Yulievich Schmidt: 1891-1956. - M.: Science, 1993. - 202 p.: Il. - (scientific-biogr. Ser.).
travelers
in the paintings of artists N. Solmin and S. Yakovlev
Brilliant pages in history geographic discoveries Invited Russian travelers. They not only studied the immense expanses of the Motherland, but also made discoveries and research far beyond.
Semen Ivanovich Dezhnev (born around 1605 - died in 1672/3) - the famous landline and seawater. Served in Tobolsk, Yeniseisk, Yakutsk; I went to distant and dangerous campaigns on the Yana River, Indigirka, Oymyakon. Having traveled in 1648 from the Nizhne-Kolyma Ostrog, Dezhnev passed the sea from the Ice Ocean in a quiet and practically proved this to exist a strait separating Asia from America.
Fadda Faddeevich Bellingshausen (1779-1862) - the famous navigator, a major scientist. He participated in the expedition of Cruisesttern and Lisanekoy, then commanded together with M. P. Lazarev in 1819-1821 by the "East" and "Mirny" gateways. This expedition to the South Pole committed a great geographical discovery - reached the banks of Antarctica, and also conducted extensive studies in the Equatorial and tropical zones of the Pacific Ocean and made refinement to marine maps.
Peter Petrovich Semenov-Tian-Shansky (1827-1914) - a wonderful Russian geographer and traveler. The first of the Europeans penetrated the hard-to-reach areas of the Central Tien Shan and found that the Ku River does not flow into Lake Issyk-Kul, opened the origins of the rivers of Naryn and Saryjaz, the second Tianshan vertex - Khan-Tengri height, huge glaciers covering her slopes.
Peter Kuzmich Kozlov (1863-1936) is a wonderful Russian traveler, a researcher of Central Asia. By participating in the expeditions of N. M. Przhevalsky, M. V. Pevtsov and V. I. Roborovsky, he repeatedly crossed Mongolia and China. From 1899 to 1926, Kozlov headed three expeditions to Central Asia. Studied Mongolian Altai Mountains, penetrated into the least studied areas of Tibetan Highlands; In the center of Mongolian desert opened ancient city Hara Hoto; It was excavated by Hanti-Noinulinsky Kurganov, enriching science versatile information about the districts of Central Asia.
Nikolai Nikolayevich Miklukho-Maklai (1846 - 1888) - the famous Russian traveler and scientist, anthropologist and ethnographer. Twelve spent in New Guinea, on Malacke, in Australia and the Pacific Islands, studying the people inhabiting their peoples. The creator of modern anthropology, Miklukho-Maclay was a passionate fighter against racial discrimination and a colonial oppression.
Nikolai Mikhailovich Przhevalsky (1839-1888) - the great Russian traveler and geographer. Already after the first expedition on the Ussuri Territory (1867-1869), it became famous as a talented researcher of distant and little-known lands. He spent four expeditions to Central Asia, during which crossed the huge spaces from Sayan to Tibet and from Tian Shan to Hinghana.
Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev (1788-1851) is the famous navigator, a fleet and a scientist researcher. Together with F. Sh. Bellinshausen commanded a wonderful maritime expedition that opened Antarctica. Even before, he walked around the world on the ship "Suvorov", and after swimming in Antarctica committed the third time trip around the world, Commander Frigate "Cruiser". The last seventeen years of life gave up the education of Russian sailors and the construction of the Black Sea Fleet.
Slide number 10.
Ivan Fedorovich Kruzenshtern (1770-1846) is a wonderful navigator and a scientist researcher. Commanded the first Russian round-the-world expedition from 1803 to 1806. The expedition clarified the map of the Pacific Ocean, collected information about the nature and residents of Sakhalin, the islands of the Pacific Ocean and Kamchatka. Kruzenshtern published a description of his journey and made up the two-volume satin of the Pacific Ocean.
Slide number 11.
Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov (1877-1914) - brave navigation, researcher of the Arctic. In 1912, he made a travel project to the North Pole. Having achieved on the ship "St. Fock "Land Franz Joseph, Sedov took a bold attempt to reach the North Pole on dog sledding, but died on the way to the cherished goal.
Slide number 12.
Gennady Ivanovich Nevelsky (1813-1876) is an outstanding researcher of the Far East. About six years spent in the Amur region, studying his nature. In 1849, Nevelsky during swimming Okhotsk Sea. Proved that Sakhalin is an island separated from the mainland by the shipping Tatar Strait.
Slide number 13.
Vladimir Afanasyevich Obruchev (1863-1956) - a wonderful traveler, the largest Soviet geologist and geographer. After research in Central Asia (1886) and numerous expeditions on Eastern Siberia, in 1892 the scientist is sent for two years to Mongolia and China, having passed during this time more than thirteen and a half thousand kilometers. Obruchev headed large geological research in Siberia.
9 chose
If you think that with the care of the era of the Great Geographical Discoveries, they were rushed into the fly and outstanding travelers, then you are mistaken! Our contemporaries also committed the most amazing travel. Among them are scientists who went to search for confirmations to their theories, researchers of the sea depths, and just an adventurers who risked to go into a round-the-world journey alone or like-minded people. A lot of documentaries have been created about their travels, and thanks to it, we can see the whole world of their eyes, real, lively, full of dangers and adventures.
Jacques-Yves Kusto
Captain Custo is the famous French Ocean Researcher, author of books and films, inventor. The world ocean opened the many of his secrets, showed still inaccessible to people the beauty of their depths for a huge number of scuba diving lovers. It can be said that the captain of the Custo is the father of modern diving, because it was he who created the main apparatus for diving. Taking research on the underwater world of our planet, Costo created the famous floating laboratory "Callisto" and the first apparatus for diving "Deniz". Jacques Yves Kusto fascinated by Millions of people, showing them on the movie screen as the underwater world, giving the opportunity to see what was still inaccessible to man.
Tour Heyerdal
The name of the most famous Norwegian of the 20th century in his native language is written as "Thor", as well as the name of one of the main gods of the Scandinavian mythology of Torah. He made many travels on homemade fleels of contacts of ancient civilizations among themselves. Heyerdal in practice proved his theory about visiting the inhabitants of South America of Polynesia Islands, as the scientist did not perceive his ideas. Together with his team, he for 101 days, a swimming of 4300 miles reached the Raroy Atoll. It was one of his most famous travel "Kon-Tika Expedition" on a homemade raft. The film, filmed by him during the trip, received the Oscar Prize in 1951. And in 1969 he went to a new dangerous expedition on a boat from papyrus to prove to prove the possibility of intersection Atlantic Ocean African peoples. However, the first journey of the Tour Heyerdal on the boat "RA" ended in failure, the boat sank, without reaching only 600 miles to the island of Barbados. A year later, the stubborn Norwegian repeated his journey and walked from Morocco to Barbados in 57 days. By the way, the doctor in this expedition was our compatriot Yuri Senkevich. Later Heyerdal visited Maldives, in Peru and Tenerife.
Yuri Senkevich
The popular TV presenter of the Translation Club Yuri Senkevich was on the list of the most famous travelers not only as a doctor of the expedition of Tour Heyerdal. His "track record" of the traveler causes respect:
as a researcher, Senkevich was trained to participate in the space flight, participated in the 12th Antarctic Expedition to the East station in order to study the human behavior in extreme conditions, traveled to the papyrus boat "RA", then on "RA-2" and In the Indian Ocean on Tigris. Millions of Soviet viewers were able to see the world, as the "eyes of Senkevich" were then joked. By the way, the transfer of the "Film Club", the transmission was listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
Nikolai Drozdov
More than 40 years ago, Nikolai Nikolaevich Drozdov became the leading popular TV shows "in the world of animals." The avid traveler, the "Galant Nniek", telling hours about animals as the most wonderful and beautiful creatures in the world - be it elephant, bug, and even a poisonous snake. An amazing and beautiful man, the idol of millions of viewers of our country to listen to the stories of which about interesting facts from the life of birds, reptiles, domestic and wild animals, about the beauty of our nature - and with nothing increasing pleasure, because only a person in love can tell. An interesting fact about Nicolae Nikolayevich's very cousin was Metropolitan Moscow Philaret, and Prapraded for Mother Ivan Romanovich von Dreiling was the ordinary Feldmarshal Mikhail Kutuzov.
Nikolai Drozdov traveled the whole world, all zoological and national parks, studying the habitats and animal habits in natural conditions, climbing Elbrus, participated on a long expedition at the Callisto Research Ship and in the First Soviet Expedition to Everest, went twice to the North Pole, passed along the northern seaside on the icebreaker " Yamal, "sailed along the shores of Alaska and Canada on the" Discover ".
Fedor Konyukhov
A single traveler, who cassed what seemed to be impossible to conquer, who had once overcome the way, which is impossible to go alone - the great contemporary Fedor Konyukhov. The first among travelers who conquered the Northern and South Poles, the Sea, Oceans and highest peaks Peace, which prove more than 40 expeditions committed to them in the most inaccessible places of our planet. Among them are five round-the-world travels, single swimming through the Atlantic (which he, by the way, crossed repeatedly) on a vein boat. Konyukhov first casting the Pacific Ocean from the continent to the continent. But the life of our exchanged compatriot - Fedor Konyukhov became the most young member of the Union of Artists of the USSR and the author of the twelve travel books on travels. There were new plans ahead: flight around the world on hot-air balloon and around the world swimming in 80 days at the Jules Cup is true, as well as immersion in Mariana Wpadin. However, taking in 2010 San Priest, Fedor Konyukhov decided to more do not travel, but ... the paths of the Lord are inspired and the famous traveler again at the steering wheel. In the spring of this year, he "broke" the Russian record and lasted in the air at a balloon 19 hours 10 minutes.
Bead Grill
Glory came to the young English traveler thanks to the most rated television broadcast on the channel "Discovery" "to survive at any price", first won by October 2006. TV presenter and traveler is not just "entertaining" viewers of beautiful species most amazing places Planets, its goal to bring to the audience. Life recommendations that can be useful in unforeseen situations.
The list of his travel causes respect: he sailed around British Islands Thirty days later, the Northern Atlantic move on an airplane with a steam engine flying over the Angel waterfall, the paraglider flew over the Himalayas, headed the expedition to one of the most distant peaks in Antarctica and arranged ... Solemn lunch at a balloon at an altitude of more than seven thousand meters! Most Expeditions Glill are under charitable purposes.
Abby Sunderland
Not only men boasts friendship with the wind of wanderings - Abby Sunderland, a young traveler, who at 16 years old made a round-the-world journey on the yacht will give odds to many men. It is surprisingly the determination of Ebby's parents, because they not only allowed her to participate in such a dangerous enterprise, but also helped to prepare for him. Alas, the first start on January 23, 2010 was unsuccessful and Ebby took the second attempt on February 6. The journey turned out to be more dangerous than expected: between Australia and Africa, in 2 thousand miles from the coast, the hull of the yacht was damaged and the engine was faced. After this message, the connection was interrupted, the search for the ebby yacht turned out to be unsuccessful and she was declared missing. After a whole month, the Australian rescuers in the zone of the cruel storm found a lost yacht and a lively disabolized Abby. Who then says that a woman on the ship is not a place?
Jason Lewis
And finally, the most original of the modern travelers who spent on a world tour of 13 years! Why so long? It's just that Jason refused any technique and all possible achievements of civilization. Former cleaner, together with another Steve Smith, went to the army on a bike, boat and rollers! The expedition started from Greenwich in 1994, in February 1995 travelers reached the US banks and after 111 days of swimming, they decided to cross America separately on their rollers. Lewis had to interrupt the journey after an accident for 9 months. After the restoration of Lewis goes to Hawaii, from where he swims into Australia on a pedal boat, where he had to spend some time to earn money for further travel ... Sales of Mains. In 2005, he gets to Singapore then crosses China and India on bike. By March 2007, he reached Africa and also crossed the whole European bike: Romania, Bulgaria, Austria, Germany and Belgium. Swim through La Mans, in October 2007, Jason Lewis returned to London.
On August 18, we celebrate the birthday of the Russian geographical society - one of the oldest Russian public organizations, and the only one, continuously existing since its creation in 1845.
You are just thinking about: neither war, nor revolution, nor periods of deroinders, timeless, the decay of the country did not cease its existence! There were always cough, scientists, insane researchers, who are in prosperous, and in the most difficult times walked for any risk for science. Yes, and now, at the moment, new actual members of the RGO are on the way. "Peace 24" tells only about some great travelers who glorified the Russian geographical society.
Ivan Kruzenshtern (1770 - 1846)
Photo: Unknown artist, 1838g.
Russian navigator, admiral, one of the initiators of creating a Russian geographical society. He headed the first Russian round-the-world expedition.
Even in his youth, comrades in studies in the Maritime Cadet Corps were noted by an inflexible, "maritime" nature of the future Russian admiral. His faithful companion, friend and rival Yuri Lysyansky, who became the commander of the second vessel in their legendary army, noted that the main qualities of the cadet of Kruzhenstern were "reliability, commitment and lack of interest in everyday life."
It was then, during the years of study, his dreams were born to explore far lands and oceans. However, they did not come true soon, only in 1803. The first Russian round-the-world expedition included ships "Hope" and "Neva".
During this expedition, a new way to Russian possessions in Kamchatka and Alaska was installed. The western coast of Japan, South and Eastern Sakhalin, were put on the map, part of the Kuril Ridge were comprehensively studied.
Photo: "I. F. Kruzenshtern in Avachinskaya Bay, "Friedrich Georg Wayich, 1806
In the process of its round-the-world travel, measuring the speed of flows, temperatures at different depths, the determination of salinity and the specific weight of water and much more is carried out. Thus, Ivan Kruzenshtern became one of the founders of domestic oceanology.
Peter Semenov-Tien Shansky (1827 - 1914)
Photo: Alexandre Quinet, 1870g.
Vice-Chairman of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society and its leading scientist - but not a cabinet. It was a brave and stubborn discoverer. He explored Altai, Tarbagaytai, Semirechensky and Zailean Alatau, Issyk-Kul Lake. Only climbers will be able to appreciate what path the brave traveler passed on the hard-to-reach Mountains of the Central Tien Shan, where it was not possible to get to Europeans. He opened and first conquered the top of the Han Tengri with glaciers on her slopes and proved that the opinion of the international scientific world, volcanic ridges in these places, erroneously. The scientist also found out where the Naryna River, Saryjaz and Chu, penetrate the rippower of Syrdarya penetrated.
Semenov Tian-Shansky became the actual creator of a new Russian geographic school, offering the international scientific world a fundamentally new way of knowledge. Being at the same time a geologist, botany and zoologist, he first began to consider natural systems in their unity. And the geological structure of the mountains compared with a mountain relief and revealed patterns, which in the future began to relying the entire scientific world.
Nikolai Miklukho-Maclay (1846-1888)
Photo: ITAR-TASS, 1963.
The famous Russian traveler, anthropologist, researcher who has committed a number of expeditions to unexplored to him New Guinea And other islands of the Pacific Ocean. Accompanied by only two servants, he lived among Papuans for a long time, gathered the richest materials about primitive peoples, made friends with them, helped them.
This is what they write about the scientist of his biographers: "The most characteristic for Miklukho-Maclay is a striking combination of a bold traveler, a tireless enthusiast researcher, a widely erudite scientist, a progressive thinker-humanist, energetic public figure, a fighter for the rights of oppressed colonial peoples. Such qualities are not made by extremely rarity, but the combination of all of them in one person is a completely exceptional phenomenon. "In his travels, Miklukho-Maclay also collected many data on the peoples of Indonesia and Malaya, Philippines, Australia, Melanesia, Micronesia and West Polynesia. He was ahead of his time. His works were not sufficiently evaluated in the XIX century, but the anthropologists of the XX and XXI centuries consider his contribution to the science of a real scientific feat.
Nikolay Przhevalsky (1839-1888)
Photo: ITAR-TASS, 1948.
The Russian military leader, Major General, one of the greatest Russian geographers and travelers, consciously preparing himself for traveling from a gymnasium bench.
Przhevalsky dedicated to long-term expeditions of 11 years of his life. At first he led the two-year expedition to the Ussuriy region (1867-1869), and then in 1870 - 1885 made four travels to little-known areas Central Asia.
The first expedition in the region of Central Asia was devoted to the study of Mongolia, China and Tibet. Przhevalsky collected scientific evidence that Gobi is not a plateau, and Nanshan Mountains are not a ridge, but mining system. The researcher owns the opening of a whole series of mountains, ridges, and lakes.
In the second expedition, the scientist opened the new Altyntag Mountains, and for the first time described two rivers and lake. And the border of Highland Tibet, thanks to his research, had to move back on maps more than 300 km north.
In the third expedition, Przhevalsky singled out several ridges in Nanshan, Kunlun and Tibet, described Lake Cucunor, as well as the upper guns of the great rivers of China Juanhe and Yangtze. Despite the illness, the discoverer organized the fourth expedition to Tibet 1883-1885, during which they found a number of new lakes and ridges.
He described more than 30 thousand kilometers of the path they passed, gathered unique collections. Related not only the mountains and rivers, but also unknown led to the representatives of the world of animals: wild camel, Tibetan bear, wild horse.
Like many outstanding geographers of that time, Przhevalsky was the owner of a good and living literary language. He wrote about his travels a few books in which Asia gave a bright description: her flora, fauna, climate and those inhabiting her peoples.
Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky (1863-1944)
Photo: Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky, 1912.
Investigator Era of color photography in Russia. The first captured in color nature, cities and the lives of people at a huge distance from Baltic Sea to the east of Russia.
He created a color reproduction system for photography: from the emulsion recipe, which is applied to glass records for photography, to drawings of special equipment for color shooting and projection of the resulting color images.
Since 1903, it is continuously on trips: with the obsession of the real traveler removes the natural beauty of Russia, its inhabitants, cities, architectural monuments - all authentic sights Russian Empire.
In December 1906-January 1907 with the expedition of the Russian Geographical Society, Prokudin-Gorsky goes to Turkestan for photographing a solar eclipse. Eclipse capture in color and failed, but the old monuments of Bukhara and Samarkand, the colorful local types of people and much more are shown.
In the fall of 1908, Nicholas II itself provides Prokudin-Gorsky necessary vehicles And gives permission to shoot in any places, so that the photographer can capture "in natural colors" all the main attractions of the Russian Empire from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean. A total of 10 thousand pictures are scheduled for 10 years.
After a few days after the meeting with the king, the photographer is sent to the Mariinsky waterway from St. Petersburg almost to the Volga itself. Three and a half years, it continuously moves and takes pictures. First makes the shooting of the northern part of the industrial Urals. Then makes two travels along the Volga, imprinted it from the veryest Nizhny Novgorod.. In the interval, removes southern part Urals. And then - numerous monuments of antiquities in Kostroma and Yaroslavl province. In the spring and autumn of 1911, the photographer has time to visit the Custinian region and Turkestan, where for the first time in history tried color filming.
Then two photo speditions are followed in the Caucasus, where he takes off the Mugan Steppe, takes a grandiose trip to the planned Kamsko Tobolsk waterway, conducts extensive shooting of local memory related memory Patriotic War 1812 - from Maloyaroslavets to Lithuanian Vilna, photographs Ryazan, Suzdal, the construction of Kuzmin and Beloomut dams on the Oka.
Then the monetary difficulties begin, the financing of expeditions is interrupted. In 1913-1914. Prokudin-Gorsky is engaged in creating the first color cinema. But the first development of this new project was prevented by the first world War. None of the Experimental Color Kinutin-Gorsky Film Film has still been found.
Arthur Chilingarov (born in 1939)
Photo: Fedoseev Lev / ITAR-TASS
Famous polar star, hero Soviet Union, Hero Russian Federation, major Russian scientist, author of a number of scientific work on the problems of the development of the North and Arctic. Lives and works in Moscow.
Since 1963, he studied the Northern Ocean and Ocean atmosphere in the Arctic Research Observatory in Tiksi. In 1969, he headed the North Pole-19 station, created on drifting ice, since 1971 he worked as the head of the Bellingshausen station, and since 1973 he was the head of the North Pole-22 station. In 1985, he headed the operation to save the expedition vessel "Mikhail Somov" heated by Antarctic ice. Icebreaker "Vladivostok" whipped ice around diesel-power and freed his crew from the blockade, which lasted as many as 133 days.
In 1987, Chilingarov headed the team of atomic icebreaker Siberia, which in free swimming reached the geographical North Pole. In January 2002, the traveler proved the possibility of exploiting light aviation in Antarctica: it reached the Southern Pole on the An-ZT single-engine aircraft.
Photo: Denisov Roman / ITAR-TASS
In the summer of 2007, the famous polar star headed the Arctic expedition on the Akademik Fedorov vessel, which proved that the shelf of the Northern Ocean is a continuation of the Siberian mainland platform. At the bottom of the ocean, the Mir-1 and Mir-2 devices were submersible, on board one of which was chirigarov himself. He also established a kind of record as the first person in the world, who for six months visited the southern and in the North Poles.
Nikolay Litau (born in 1955)
Photo: From the archive
Honored Master of Sports, Russian Yachtsman, who was built under his leadership, the Yacht "Apostle Andrey" three round-the-world travels. Awarded the Order of Courage. During the three rounds of the "Apostle Andrei" left for the feed of 110 thousand nautical miles, visited all continents of the planet, passed all the oceans and installed five world records.
This is what Nikolai Litau told the correspondent "World 24": "At the" Apostle Andrei "I made three round-the-world swimming. The first is around the eastern hemisphere across the northern seaway, the second - around the Western Hemisphere, the Straits of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the Third - Antarctic: In 2005-06, we reinforced Antarctica, while all the time above 60 degrees of latitude, the invisible border of the Antarctic. The latter has not repeated yet. The fourth global swimming in which I happened to take part was passed in 2012-13. It was an international world journey, his route was mainly in warm and comfortable tropical latitudes. I was a captain-mentor on russian yacht Royal Leopard and passed half a distance. During this navigation, I crossed my anniversary - the tenth equator. In recent years, we are engaged in memorial campaigns on the Yacht "Apostle Andrey" on the Russian Arctic. We remember the names of the outstanding Russian nautical seats: Vladimir Rusanova, George Sedova, Boris Wilkitsky, George Brusylov and others. "
Photo: From the archive
Exactly a year ago Nikolay Litau on the yacht "Apostle Andrey" took a trip to the Arctic in the Eleventh. The route of this journey passed through the White, Barents and Kara Sea, Islands of the Arctic Institute in the Kara Sea are investigated. Ahead is new expeditions.
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